MODIFIED DLL IN SCIENCE G10

I. OBJECTIVES

A. Content Standard The learners demonstrate an understanding of the information stored

in DNA as being used to make proteins, how changes in a DNA
molecule may cause changes in its product and mutations that occur in sex
cells being heritable
B. Performance Standard

C. Learning Competencies  The learners can able to explain how protein is made using
information from DNA.S10LT-IIId-37OBJECTIVES:
1. Describe DNA Replication.
2. Identify the key players in DNA Replication.
3. Explain the process of DNA Replication
II. CONTENT UNIT III: LIVING THINGS AND THEIRENVIRONMENTMODULE
2: Heredity: Inheritance and Variation
TOPIC: DNA REPLICATION
A. Learning Resources Teachers Guide pp. p. 195-199
Learners Module p. 268-272
B. Other Learning Resources Video, Powerpoint Presentation, Activity Sheets
III. PROCEDURES TEACHERS ACTIVITY STUDENTS ACTIVITY
Preliminaries

Good Good
Morning, Morning,
Class! Ma’am.
Please (the
arrange students
your chairs arrange
and pick their
up the chairs and
pieces of pick up
dirt on the some dirt
floor. on
Okay that’s the floor)
enough. Thank
Settle down you,
Good Ma’am
Good Morning, Ma’am.(the

Morning, students arrange theirchairs and

pick up some dirt onthe
floor)Thank you, Ma’am

Class!
Please
arrange
your chairs
and pick
up the
pieces of
dirt on the
floor.
Okay that’s
enough.
Settle down
 Good
Morning,
Class!
Please
arrange
your chairs
and pick
up the
pieces of
dirt on the
floor.
Okay that’s
enough.
Settle down
Good Morning, Class!Please arrange
your chairs and pickup the pieces of
dirt on the floor.Okay that’s enough.
Settle down
Elicit Before anything else let’s have a
quick review regarding to our
previous topic.
Last meeting we discussed about
DNAand RNA.
What is DNA? Deoxyribonucleic Acid.
How about RNA? Ribonucleic Acid
Very good.
What is the structure of DNA?Very Double Helix
good..
 DNA has four nucleotideAdenine,
Thymine,Guanine andCytosine.

Adenine bonds with?Very good.

How about Guanine. Thymine
What nucleotide bonds with Guanine?
Very good.
Cytosine
Class when you heard the word
replication, what comes in to
your mind?

What you know about replication?

Using the semantic map, write terms
phrases that have something to do
about replication. Who can give words
or phrases that have something to do
about the replication?
Using the given words in the diagram
try to describe what is replication.
Okay, DNA replication is the process
of making copies. When DNA Copy Replica
replicates, two identical copies of
DNA molecules are produced, which Replication
are exactly the same as the original
Process Duplicate

The process of making copies.

Engage ACTIVITY TITLE:
4 PICS 1 WORD
Okay now let’s play a game called 4
Pics1word. I will present you with
four pictures and then you are going to
guess what specific word fits with
theme of the photo presented

DNA

REPLICATE

Second photo presented.Okay, what

do you think is the ideabehind the
pictures I flashed earlier?This
morning we will explore howDNA that you have flashed earlier
replicates. Before that lets have an isrelated to our topic which isDNA
activity first. REPLICATION

Explore For our next activity, I will group the

class into five groups to perform the
activity entitled “DNA MAKES
DNA”
Each group will perform the activity
and answer the guide questions. After
that, one representative of each group
will present their work to class.
ACTIVITY TITLE: DNA MAKES
DNA
OBJECTIVES:
 Make a model of a DNA
templateto determine the
sequence ofbases in the new
DNA strand.
MATERIALS:
 Crayons
 scissors
 paste/tape
 1/4 size illustration board or
long size folder

PROCEDURE:
1. Use the patterns of the
components of the DNA provided by
your teacher.
Color code phosphate= blue,
deoxyribose sugar = green
and nitrogenous bases as
follows:
adenine = yellow,
thymine = pink,
guanine = violet and cytosine = red.
2. Cut out the shapes of
eachnucleotide.
3. Build a model of a strand of a
DNAmolecule. The strand should
contain6 base "rungs" following
the givenorder of the nucleotides
below.Guanine Adenine Cytosine
ThymineCytosine Guanine
4. Tape the cut out pattem to form
thenucleotides.
5. Let this arrangement represent
theleft half of your DNA molecule.
6. Make a complementary strand
forthe first strand that you made in
step.
7. Tape the cut-out pattern
formingnucleotides for the second
strand of the DNA molecule.
8. Match the bases of the first
strandand the second strand. Do not
tapeacross bases.
9. Once you have made your
DNAmodel, separate the two
strands ofthe DNA model down the
middle sothat there are now two single
strandsof DNA.
10. Create new double-stranded
DNAby matching
complementarynucleotides to the
 bases on eachsingle strand.
11. Tape and then cut out the
patternforming the nucleotides for
each ofthe single nucleotides.
12. When you are finished,
mountthe original DNA model and the
DNAmodel with its complementary
strandin the illustration board or
folder.
Guide Questions:
Q4. Compare the two new strands
ofDNA. Are they the same or
different?Why?
Q5. How do the nucleotides in
DNApair?
Q6. How do you compare a
DNAmolecule to a zipper?
Q7. How is information from the
DNApassed on from one cell to
another?
Q8. How does the structure of a
DNAmolecule help account for the
greatvariety of life that exists on
earth?
Explain (After 15 minutes)Are you done (presentation of outputs)
answering the activityclass?Okay!
Let’s start. Group number 1,please
present your work. Next groupplease
prepare
Elaborate Let us come now to the discussion
ofour topic.

As you can see on this picture it is

the summary of what happens in

DNA Replication.
What do we need to remember for
DNA replication?
Replication is similar to duplication.
What does it mean?
Very good.
However the process is
semi-conservative.
In this process we have what we
called key players. When we say
enzymes what is it?
You need this enzymes in order to do
something to DNA.
Remember in our discussion of the
difference between DNA and RNA,
the nitrogenous bases in DNA are
glued together using what we call
hydrogen bonds and it is nearly
impossible for hydrogen bonds to be
cut or to be separated from one In DNA replication, two identical
another without using this enzymes. DNA molecules are produced.
What are those key players in DNA It means that from one strand
Replication? of DNA it would become two
Again, for DNA replication you start strands which are identical to
with a parent strand and you come another.
up with two daughters strand which These are molecules that
are identical to each other. speed up the rate of chemical
The DNA splits into two separate reaction.
strands. What causes the split? We have helicase, primase,
The helicase is the unzippng DNA polymase and we have
enzymes hydrogen bonds in between ligase.
the nitrogenous base, which are It is the enzyme helicase that
adenine, thymine, guanine and causes the split.
cytosine. It is the initializer that gives or
After that, we can see that the serves the starting point for
different nitrogenous bases attach to DNA replication.
each strands basis and that enzyme
is called primase.
Why do we call it primase? It is an enzyme that replicate
Now, the one that build nitrogenous DNA to build a new strand.
base to form new DNA strand is what We call the gluer the enzyme
we called DNA Polymase ligase, it is an enzyme which
connects two strands of DNA
Why do we called it DNA Polymase? together
And offcourse we need to glue
thenitrogenous base, what do we call
bythat?When the pairing is done,
whathappens is that the DNA coils
backagain and afterwards there will be
anew two copies of the original
DNA.Here I have s short DNA strand
whichwe’ll be using as an example for
DNAReplication.

During DNA replication the

DNA unzips so what happens is
that new nitrogenous bases
would attach to the strands that
unzipped.

Now, after DNA replication we have

two daughter strands.
 And if we compare the base pairing
with the original strand we can see
that they are just the same.
The only difference is that one part of
each daughters strand would be
coming from the old or the original
strand and another part would be a
new strand.
This is what we meant by saying
semi-conservative during the start of
our discussion.
Again class, what is DNA replication?
When DNA replicates, two identical
copies of DNA molecules are
produced, which are exactly the
same as the original.

It is the process of making

copies of DNA.
It insures that all body cell must
carry the same genetic material
and that instructions are copied
exactly for the next generation.

Evaluate TEST I: IDENTIFICATION

Direction:Identify the answer to the
questions being asked.
1. It is a pieces of making copies
of DNA.
2. These are molecules that
speed up the rate of chemical
reaction.
3. The unzipping enzymes
hydrogen bonds in between
the nitrogenous base.
4. It is the initials that gives or
serves the starting point fo
DNA Replication.
5. It is an enzyme that replicate
DNA to build a new strand.
TEST II: EXPLANATION
1. What is DNA Replication? (2
points)
2. Explain how DNA Replication
 works. (3 points)

Extend Please get your notebook and write

your assignment.
1. In a whole sheet of paper, write
the importance of DNA
Replication

REMARKS

Prepared by:

HAZEL B. SAMPAYAN Noted by:

Teacher I