STUDENTS INDUSTRIAL

WORK EXPERIENCE
SCHEME
11/20/2020
SIWES REPORT

Peter Oluwasheyi O. and

Grace Pelumi F.
Abstract
This research work is based on the experience and knowledge I was able to acquire during my four

month mandated SIWES program for my National Diploma Certificate in Federal polytechnic

Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State Nigeria. I had the opportunity to work under two consumable factories, one

of these factories, Captain Cook Bakery is known for their bread production in Ekiti State and the

other which is Patbrista Ventures is known for water production in the state. During this period

of four months, I was exposed to quite a number of things like bread production, water production,

different ingredients needed for water production and bread production. Also, I was exposed to

sales management alongside their marketing and distribution.

 CHAPTER ONE

1.0 INTRODUCTION

I had the opportunity to carry out my SIWES in two factories which are into consumables. One is

with “Captain Cook” which is located at Fajuyi, Opposite Christ School shopping complex, Ado-

Ekiti, Ekiti State and the other is Patbrista Ventures located Opposite Best model Hotel, NTA road,

Federal Polytechnic Satellite Campus Area, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State. At Captain Cook I was trained

in bread production, equipments utilization, ingredients mixing, sales, sales management, and lot

more. While At Patbrista Ventures, I was able to undergo training on water production, treatments,

production equipments, equipment utilization, sales, sales management, and lot more.

Patbrista Ventures is a private organization that is into the production of sachet water. It was

established in the year 2013 by Mr. Patrick Ogunleye. Their principal goals are to provide clean,

adequate, hygiene, and affordable water to the table of every home at affordable price.
1.1 ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE OF PATBRISTA VENTURES

C.E.O

PROFESSIO NON-
NALS PROFESSIONALS

MANAG FINANCI CLEAN DRIV

AL

BAGGER
S AND
MACHINE ACCOUN PACKAG
SECUR
OPPERAT T ERS
Fig. 1.0: ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE OF PATBRISTA VENTURES
 CHAPTER TWO

2.0 DAILY ROUTINE

The daily routine in the Patbrista table and sachet water limited includes the following: sweeping

of each unit, mopping of the floors, cleaning of the machines and water tanks, checking

temperatures of the sterilizers frequently and more.

2.1 WATER TREATMENT

Water treatment is a process designed to remove colors, odors, turbidity as well as bacteria and

other contaminants.

By nature, water is known to be pure as it is composed of strongly bonded atoms of hydrogen and

oxygen. However the water supply across the globe has to share space with other things such as

organic materials, minerals, chemicals and manmade pollution. This brings about undrinkable

solution, since it can contain deadly bacteria and viruses among other disease causing agents.

The process of treating water may have slight difference at various locations based on the plant’s

technology as well as the type of water that needs to be treated. The following section talks about

standard process of water treatments;

2.1.1 COAGULATION/FLOCCULATION

Coagulation is the addition of liquid aluminum sulfate or alum and polymer to raw or untreated

water. The resulting mixture causes the dirt particles in the water to stick together. Then, the group

of dirt particles attached together forming larger particles named floc that can easily be removed

via filtration or setting.

2.1.2 SEDIMENTATION
 When water and floc undergo the treatment process, they go into sedimentation basins. There,

water moves slowly, making the heavy flocs particles settle to the bottom. Floc, that accumulates

on the bottom is known as “sludge”. This is carried on to the drying lagoons. Direct filtration does

not include the sedimentation step and the floc is just removed by filtration.

2.1.3 FILTRATION

In filtration, water passes through a filter, which is made to take away particles from the water.

Such filters are composed of gravel and sand or sometimes called anthracite. This process gathers

together impurities that float on water and boosts the effectiveness of disinfection. This process is

regularly cleared by means of backwashing.

2.1.4 DISINFECTION

Before water goes into the distribution system, it is disinfected to get rid of disease causing

bacteria, parasites and viruses. Chlorine is also applied since it is very effective.

2.2 WATER TREATMENT PLANT

2.2.1 DESCRIPTION OF SYSTEM

The water treatment plant is made up of three integrated treatment system

 Raw water pretreatment

 Make up water treatment

 Waste water treatment

These systems are designed to meet

1. Boiler feed water(make up water)

 2. Steam purity

3. ALZD requirements

Hanover
county
portable

Hanover
Make
country
Raw Make up
Oil/wat water up water
er to
power

Filter Waste
solids to water Filter
landfill treatme solids

Fig. 2 WATER TREATMENT PLANT

The plant takes water from both the waste water and portable water facilities at Hanover County

and discharge solids in form of filter cakes from both the pretreatment and waste water treatment

plants.

2.2.2 RAW WATER PRE-TREATMENT

The raw water pretreatment plant is designed majorly for solids removals from the incoming

Hanover County sewage effluent, backwash water and waste water from the oily water collection

system. Raw water enters a coagulation chamber followed by a clarifier and dual media depth

filters.

2.2.3 MAKE UP WATER TREATMENT

 Treated raw water is mixed with portable water and pumped to the boiler feed water treatment

system. This system is designed to remove 99% of the dissolved minerals and provide high purity

water to the boiler. The mixed water flows through a reversed osmosis plant operating at a recovery

of 80% and an average salt rejection of 95%. This process is used to remove carbon dioxide and a

mixed bed demineralizer.

2.3 HOW CHLORINE IS USED TO TREAT WATER

Chlorination is the process of adding chlorine to drinking water to disinfect it and kill germs.

different processes can be used to achieve safe levels of chorine in drinking water. It is

achievable as compressed elemental gas, sodium hypochlorite solution (NaOCl). The chemical

could be harmful in high doese when they are added to water. Chlorination is the best way to

provide safe water to the end users. Chlorine kills pathogens such as bacterial and viruses by

breaking the chemical bonds in their molecules. Disinfectants that are used for this pujrpose

consists of chlorine compounds which can exchange atoms with other compounds such as

enzymes in the bacteria and other cells. When enzymes come in contact with chlorine, one or

more of the hydrogen atoms in the molecule are replaced by chlorine. When chlorine is added to

water, it forms ;

CL2 + H2O --> HOCL + H^+ + CL^-

2.3.1 TYPES OF CHLORINE USED IN WATER TREATMENT

A. Chlorine gas

 It is greenish yellow in color and heavier than air

 It's high toxicity makes it an excellent substance for drinking

 it is a respiratory irritant
  When used to treat water, it becomes harmless

 it is the least expensive form of chlorine

B. Chlorine Hypochlorite

 It is a white solid with a bad odor

 It must not be stored near wood, cloth or petroleum products

 It increases the ph of the water being treated.

C. Sodium Hypochlorite

 It is recognized as household bleach

 It is light yellow liquid that has a short shell life

 It requires a lower concentration to treat water

Addition of chlorine during water treatment is summarized into 4 parts which are as follows:

a) Pre-chlorination of raw water

b) Addition of various points in the treatment process

c) Addition during distribution, and

d) Miscellaneous use during maintenance activities

2.3.2 USES AND BENEFITS OF CHLORINE CHEMISTRY

a) Chlorine chemistry helps keep drinking water and swimming pools safe

b) Chlorine chemistry is used to manufacture household bleaches/disinfectants

c) Chlorine chemistry helps provide safe and abundant food by protecting crops from pests

d) Chlorine chemistry plays an important role in energy and environment

e) It is used in advanced technologies

f) Building and constructions

g) Defense and law enforcement i.e. in building bullet resistance vests

h) Transportations i.e. trains and automobiles

2.4 PRODUCTION ROOM PRECAUTIONS

There are basic rules and regulations that must be followed while working in the

production room to avoid dangers or any accidents. And these are grouped into different

categories which includes: Hand washing techniques, personal protective and machinery safety.

2.5 HAND WASHING TECHNIQUE

I. Wet hands and apply liquid hand washer

II. Clean fingers, fingernails and thumbs

III. Rinse with clean water

2.6 PERSONAL PROTECTIVE ACTIONS

I. Laboratory/production hat must be worn whenever we are in the production room

II. Reagents label must be read properly before using it

III. Never eat or drink or smoke in the production room

IV. Covered footwear (white preferably) must be worn at all times

CHAPTER THREE
3.0 DEFINITION OF TERMS

3.1 PRODUCTION EQUIPMENTS AND THEIR USES

1. ROW:- This is a material in form of foils put into the machine to package the sachet water

2. DINGLI MACHINE: This is the machine used in the production of only sachet water

3. RESERVOIR: This is where water are being kept until production is needed. And it must be kept

neat at all times. It is called PVC water tanks (Black color preferably)

4. SUBMERSIVE WATER PUMPING MACHINE: This is usually installed deep down in the

ground. It is used for pumping water from the underground

5. SURFACE PUMPING MACHINE: This is usually not inside the ground but on the surface. It is

also used for pumping water from the underground

6. AERATION FAUCETS:

7. PVC PIPES AND PUMBING FITTINGS: This is used for transmission of water from one facet

to another

8. SHORT STOOLS OR CHAIRS: This are used for sitting. It could either be plastic or steel.

Note:- Understand the operating procedures of a machine before using it or have a guide.
 CHAPTER FOUR

4.0 SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

4.1 SUMMARY

During this period, I was well trained on how I can manage a pure water factory to an extent, how

to operate some of the machines, the depth of a borehole for water, how to bake bread, sales and

marketing of bread, bread production, production management, different chemicals used in water

production, and lot more

4.2 RECOMMENDATION

Based on my experience during the industrial training I hereby recommend the following:

 The institution should assist in securing placement for students by liaising with established

organization.

 The institution should improve coordination during the SIWES program to help assess the

quality of training under gone by the students.

 This kind of program should be conducted often to expose students to the working

experience or condition of the broadcast industry.

 The student’s supervisor from the institution should try to visit the student regularly during

the industrial training

 The student should endeavor to stop truancy towards work and improve their relationship

with the employees and their co-workers to make out the best during the training program.
  Lastly I will also like recommend that this program should continue and future participants

should develop more attitudes towards the programme because it helps one develop more

interest in his or her discipline.

4.3 CONCLUSION

In conclusion, there were many things that I have experience and learnt during this period. The

whole training period was very interesting, instructive and challenging. Through this training, I

was able to gain new insights and more comprehensive understanding about the real industry

working condition and practice. It has also provided me the opportunities to develop and improve

myself in this field. All of this valuable experience and knowledge that I have gained were not

only acquired through the direct involvement in task given but also through other aspect of the

training such as work observation, interaction with colleagues, superior, and other people related

to the field. From what I have undergone, I am very sure that the industrial training program has

achieved its entire primary objectives. It’s also the best way to prepare students to face the real life

task that will surely surface after academic activities. As a result of the program now I am more

confident to build my future career which I have already started.