Chemical Name: Sodium bicarbonate (IUPAC name: sodium

hydrogen carbonate)

Common Name: Baking soda, It is also known as bread

soda, cooking soda.

Chemical Formula: NaHCO3

Chemical Name: Sodium Carbonate

Common Name: washing soda, soda ash and soda

crystals)

Formula: Na2CO3
 Chemical Name: Sodium hypochlorite
Common Name: Bleach or Liquid bleach
Chemical Formula: NaOCl or NaClO
Uses: Bleaching, Cleaning, Disinfection, Deodorizing
Uses: Bleaching, Cleaning, Disinfection,
Deodorizing etc
 Chemical Name: Sodium perborate

Chemical Formula: NaH2BO4 or Na2H4B2O8

Its name is sometimes abbreviated as PBS.

This salt is widely used in laundry detergents, as one of

the peroxide-based bleaches.
It is a less aggressive bleach than sodium hypochlorite
and other chlorine-based bleaches, causing less
degradation to dyes and textiles
Chemical Name: Calcium hypochlorite

Calcium Name: Bleaching powder, chlorine powder, or

chlorinated lime.

Calcium hypochlorite is commonly used to sanitize public

swimming pools and disinfect drinking water.

Chemical formula:
Ca(OCl)2
Copper(II) sulfate

Copper(II) sulfate, also known as copper sulphate, are the

inorganic compounds with the chemical formula
CuSO4(H2O)x, where x can range from 0 to 5. The
pentahydrate (x = 5) is the most common form.

Chemical Name: Copper sulphate pentahydrate

(CuSO4·5H2O)

Common Name: Blue vitriol

 Crystals of CuSO4·5H2O

Copper sulfate pentahydrate is used as

a fungicide
Chemical Name: Sodium Borate, Sodium
Tetraborate, Or Disodium Tetraborate

IUPAC name -Sodium tetraborate decahydrate

Common Name: Borax

Formula - Na2H4B4O9•nH2O
The most commonly encountered one is the octahydrate
Na2H4B4O9•8H2O

Or decahydrate - Na2B4O7•10H2O (borax)

It is a colorless crystalline solid that dissolves in water.

 Uses: Borax is a component of many detergents,
cosmetics, and enamel glazes.

It is used to make buffer solutions in biochemistry, as a

fire retardant, as an anti-fungal compound, in the
manufacture of fiberglass, as a flux in metallurgy,
neutron-capture shields for radioactive sources
Common Name: Brimstone

Sulphur is also called brimstone.

Sulfur is a chemical element with the

symbol S and atomic number 16.

Sulfur is the tenth most common element

by mass in the universe, and the fifth most
common on Earth
Historically and in literature sulfur is also called brimstone which
means "burning stone".

Today, almost all elemental sulfur is produced as a byproduct of

removing sulfur-containing contaminants from natural gas and
petroleum.

Elemental sulfur is a bright yellow, crystalline solid at room

temperature.
Chemical Name: acetylsalicylic acid (ASA)

Common Name: Aspirin

Formula: C9H8O4

It is a medication used to reduce pain, fever, or

inflammation.
Chemical Name: Sodium hydroxide

Common Name: lye, caustic soda, White caustic

Chemical formula: NaOH

Uses: in the manufacture of pulp and paper, textiles,

drinking water, soaps and detergents, and as a drain
cleaner.
Chemical Name: Carbon dioxide

Common Name : Dry Ice (solid form)

Formula : CO2

The frozen solid form of CO2, known

as dry ice is used as a refrigerant and as
an abrasive in dry-ice blasting.
Chemical Name: Ferrous Sulfate

IUPAC name: Iron(II) sulfate

Common Name: Green vitriol, Iron vitriol, Copperas,

Melanterite

Chemical formula : FeSO4

It denotes a range of salts with the formula FeSO4·xH2O. These
compounds exist most commonly as the heptahydrate (x = 7) but are
known for several values of x.

Known since ancient times as copperas and as green vitriol (vitriol is

an archaic name for sulfate), the blue-green heptahydrate (hydrate
with 7 molecules of water) is the most common form of this material.
Chemical Name: Zinc Sulphate

Formula: ZnSO4

The most common form includes water of

crystallization as the heptahydrate, with the
formula ZnSO4•7H2O. It was historically known
as "white vitriol".
Zinc sulfate and its hydrates are colourless solids.

Uses:

In medicine it is used together with oral rehydration therapy (ORT)

and an astringent.

The hydrates, especially the heptahydrate, are the primary forms

used commercially. The main application is as a coagulant in the
production of rayon.

It is used to supply zinc in animal feeds, fertilizers, toothpaste, and

agricultural sprays.
Chemical Name: Sulphuric Acid

Common Name: Oil of vitriol, Battery acid

Formula: H2SO4

It is a mineral acid composed of the elements sulfur, oxygen and

hydrogen.

It is a colourless, odourless, and viscous liquid that is soluble in water

and is synthesized in reactions that are highly exothermic.
Chemical Formula: Calcium oxide

Common Name: quicklime or burnt lime

Formula: CaO
Chemical Name: Calcium carbonate

Common Name: calcite; aragonite; chalk; Limestone;

marble; oyster; pearl, Egg Shell

Formula: CaCO3

The main use of calcium carbonate is in the construction

industry, either as a building material, or limestone
aggregate for road building, as an ingredient of cement,
Chemical Name: Carbonyl dichloride, Carbonyl chloride

Common Name: Phosgene

Formula: COCl2

Phosgene is a valued industrial building block, especially for

the production of urethanes and polycarbonate plastics.
Chemical Name: Calcium sulfate

Formula: It is the inorganic compound with the formula

CaSO4 and related hydrates.

Common Name: Plaster of Paris, Gypsum

Hydration states

CaSO4 · 1​ ⁄2 H2O (bassanite): hemihydrate, also known

as plaster of Paris.
Specific hemihydrates are sometimes distinguished: α-
hemihydrate and β-hemihydrate

CaSO4 · 2 H2O (gypsum and selenit (mineral)): dihydrate

Chemical Name: Methane

Formula: CH4

It is a group-14 hydride and the simplest alkane, and is the

main constituent of natural gas.

Common Name: Marsh gas, Natural gas

Methane has also been detected on other planets, including

Mars, which has implications for astrobiology research.
Uses:

Methane is used in industrial chemical processes and may

be transported as a refrigerated liquid (liquefied natural
gas, or LNG).

Methane is used as a fuel for ovens, homes, water

heaters, kilns, automobile, turbines, and other things
Chemical Formula: Sodium chloride

Formula: NaCl

Common Name: Common salt, halite,

rock salt, table salt.

A second major application of sodium

chloride is de-icing of roadways in sub-
freezing weather.
Chemical Name: Ammonium iron (II) sulfate
(IUPAC name)

Other Names: Ferrous ammonium sulfate,

Ammonium iron sulfate

Common Name: Mohr's salt

Formula: (NH4)2Fe(SO4)2(H2O)6
Chemical Name: Magnesium sulfate

Formula: MgSO4

Magnesium sulfate is usually encountered in the form of a

hydrate MgSO4·nH2O, for various values of n between 1
and 11

The most common is the heptahydrate MgSO4·7H2O,

known as Epsom salt, which is a household chemical with
many traditional uses, including bath salts
Chemical Name: Hydrochloric acid

IUPAC name: Chlorane

Common Name: Muriatic Acid, Spirits of salt

Formula: HCl
Chemical Name: Nitrous oxide

Common Name: Laughing gas

Formula: N2O

At room temperature, it is a colourless non-flammable

gas, with a slight metallic scent and taste.
Chemical Name: Calcium hydride

Other names: Calcium(II) hydride, Calcium dihydride

Common Name: Hydrolith

Formula: CaH2

CaH2 is thus used as a drying agent, i.e. a desiccant

Chemical Name: Dichloro (difluoro) methane

Formula: CCl2F2

Common Name: Freon

It iss a colorless gas usually sold under the brand name

Freon-12, and a chlorofluorocarbon halomethane (CFC)
used as a refrigerant and aerosol spray propellant. It is
used as fire retardant in submarines and aircraft.
Chemical Name: Calcium hydroxide

Common Name: slaked lime, Milk of lime, Pickling lime,

Hydrated lime, Portlandite.

Formula: Ca(OH)2

Calcium hydroxide is used in many applications, including

food preparation, where it has been identified as E
number E526. Limewater is the common name for a
saturated solution of calcium hydroxide.
Chemical Name: Phenol

Common Name: Carbolic acid, Hydroxybenzene

Chemical Formula: C6H5OH or C6H6O

Phenol was first extracted from coal tar, but today is

produced on a large scale (about 7 billion kg/year) from
petroleum-derived feedstocks.
It is primarily used to synthesize plastics and related
materials.
Chemical Formula: Calcium Magnesium Carbonate

Formula: CaMg(CO3)2.

Common Name: Dolomite

Chemical Name: Trichloromethane

Common Name: Chloroform

Formula: CHCl3

It is also a precursor to various refrigerants.

Chemical Name: Potassium hydroxide

Common Name: Caustic Potash.

Formula: KOH
Chemical Formula: Aluminium potassium sulfate
dodecahydrate.

Common Name: Potassium alum, potash alum

Formula: KAl(SO4)2

It is commonly encountered as the dodecahydrate,

KAl(SO4)2·12H2O.
The compound is the most important member of the generic class
of compounds called alums, and is often called simply alum

Potassium alum is commonly used in water purification, leather

tanning, dyeing, fireproof textiles, and baking powder as E number
E522.

It also has cosmetic uses as a deodorant, as an aftershave

treatment and as a styptic for minor bleeding from shavin
Chemical Name: Silicon dioxide

Common Name: Quartz, Silica

Formula: SiO2

In many parts of the world, silica is the major constituent of sand.

The high melting point of silica enables it to be used in such

applications such as iron casting; modern sand casting sometimes uses
other minerals for other reasons
Heavy Water - Deuterium Oxide Chemical Formula D2O
The heavy water produced is used as a moderator of neutrons in nuclear
power plants. Graphite rods also used as moderator.
Control rods are used in nuclear reactors to control the fission rate of
uranium or plutonium. Their compositions includes chemical elements such as
boron, cadmium, silver, or indium,

Vinegar - Acetic Acid Chemical Formula: CH3COOH

Uses - Clean microwave, remove grease, mold, mildew, and mineral deposits;
clean carpeting; as a furniture polish; to remove stains on clothing; remove
crayon marks; clean stainless steel; clean window blinds; clean glass; and use
it as a DVD and CD cleaner
Magnesia - Magnesium Oxide
Chemical Formula: MgO
Used as laxative

Milk of Magnesia
Magnesium hydroxide
Chemical Formula: Mg(OH)₂
 DDT - Insecticide
Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, commonly known as DDT
Chemical formula: C14H9Cl5

Silicon carbide (SiC), also known as carborundum is a semiconductor

containing silicon and carbon

Calomel - Mercurous chloride is the chemical compound with the

formula Hg₂Cl₂, used as Laxative
 Corrosive Sublimate
Mercuric chloride
Chemical compound of mercury and chlorine with the formula HgCl₂

Chile saltpeter - Sodium nitrate is the chemical compound with the

formula NaNO₃
Ordinary saltpeter - potassium nitrate KNO₃

Glauber salt - Sodium sulfate Na2SO4·10H2O used especially in dyeing

and in solar energy systems
 Sodium Photography For
Hypo Na2S2O3
Thiosulphate Fixing Or Washing

Philosopher’s Paints, As A Filler In

ZnO Zinc Oxide
Wool Rubber Etc.
 Quicksilver – Mercury, Hg

Methanol CH₃OH - wood alcohol, methyl alcohol

Oil of Winter Green - Methyl salicylate - C₆H₄

Used as anti-inflammatory and topical pain reliever

Potassium sodium tartrate tetrahydrate - also known as

Rochelle salt
Chemical Name: Mercury sulfide, mercuric
sulfide, mercury sulphide, or mercury(II) sulfide

Common Name: Cinnabar, Vermilion

Formula: HgS
Sucrose – Table Sugar

Ethanol – Drinking alcohol