Chapter 8: Linear equations

Page number: 107

Question 1.
Solution:
8 x  3  27  2 x
 8 x  2 x  27  3
 6 x  24
x4

Question 2.
Solution:
5x  7  2 x  8
 5 x  2 x  8  7
 3 x  15
 x  5

Question 3.
Solution:
2 z  1  14  z
 2 z  z  14  1
 3 z  15
 z 5

Question 4.
Solution:
9 x  5  4( x  2)  8
 9x  5  4x  8  8
 9 x  4 x  5
 5 x  5
 x  1

www.vedantu.com 1
Question 5.
Solution:
7y
 y4
5
 7 y  5( y  4)
 7 y  5 y  20
 7 y  5 y  20
 2 y  20
 y  10

Question 6.
Solution:
2
3x   2 x  1
3
2
 3x  2 x  1 
3
3 2
x
3
1
x
3

Question 7.
Solution:
15( y  4)  2( y  9)  5( y  6)  0
 15 y  60  2 y  18  5 y  30  0
 15 y  2 y  5 y  60  18  30  0
 18 y  12  0
 18 y  12
2
y
3

Question 8.
Solution:
3(5 x  7)  2(9 x  11)  4(8 x  13)  17
 15 x  21  18 x  22  32 x  52  17
 52  17  21  22  32 x  15 x  18 x
 35 x  70
x2

www.vedantu.com 2
Question 9.
Solution:
x5 x3 1
 
2 5 2
5( x  5)  2( x  3) 1
 
10 2
 5 x  25  2 x  6  5
 3 x  5  25  6
 3 x  24
 x 8

Question 10.
Solution:
3t  2 2t  3 2
  t
4 3 3
3(3t  2)  4(2t  3) 2
  t
12 3
 9t  6  8t  12  8  12t
 t  18  8  12t
 13t  26
t 2

Question 11.
Solution:
2 x  7 3 x  11 2 x  8
  5
5 2 3
2(2 x  7)  5(3 x  11) 2 x  8  15
 
10 3
4 x  14  15 x  55 2 x  7
 
10 3
 3  4 x  14  15 x  55   10  2 x  7 
 12 x  42  45 x  165  20 x  70
 33 x  123  20 x  70
 33 x  20 x  70  123
 53 x  53
 x  1

www.vedantu.com 3
Question 12.
Solution:
5x  4 3 x  10
 4x 1
6 2
5 x  4 8 x  2  3 x  10
 
6 2
 2(5 x  4)  6(8 x  2  3 x  10)
 10 x  8  48 x  12  18 x  60
 8  60  12  48 x  18 x  10
 40  20 x
x2

Question 13.
Solution:
1  1 
5 x  ( x  1)  6  x  
3  30 
x 1 1
 5x   6x 
3 5
15 x  x  1 30 x  1
 
3 5
 5(15 x  x  1)  3(30 x  1)
 75 x  5 x  5  90 x  3
 70 x  90 x  3  5
 20 x  8
8
x
20
2
x
5

www.vedantu.com 4
Question 14.
Solution:
2( z  4) 1
4  (2 z  5)
3 2
2z  8 5
 4  z
3 2
12  2 z  8 2 z  5
 
3 2
 2(12  2 z  8)  3(2 z  5)
 24  4 z  16  6 z  15
 24  16  15  6 z  4 z
 25  10 z
5
z
2

Question 15.
Solution:
3( y  5) ( y  3)
 4y  3
4 2
3 y  15  16 y 6  y  3

4 2

Question 16.
Solution:
8x  3
2
3x
8 x  3  2(3 x)
8x  3  6 x
8x  6 x  3
2x  3
3
x
2

www.vedantu.com 5
Question 17.
Solution:
9x
 15
7  6x
9 x  15(7  6 x)
9 x  105  90 x
9 x  90 x  105
99 x  105
35
x
33

Question 18.
Solution:
3x
 4
5x  2
3 x  4(5 x  2)
3 x  20 x  8
3 x  20 x  8
23 x  8
8
x
23

Question 19.
Solution:
6y 5 7

2y 9
9(6 y  5)  7(2 y )
54 y  45  14 y
54 y  14 y  45
40 y  45
9
y
8

www.vedantu.com 6
Question 20.
Solution:
2  9z 4

17  4 z 5
5(2  9 z )  4(17  4 z )
10  45 z  68  16 z
10  68  45 z  16 z
58  29 z
29 z  58
58
z  2
29

Question 21.
Solution:
4x  7 1

9  3x 4
4(4 x  7)  9  3 x
16 x  28  9  3 x
16 x  3 x  9  28
19 x  19
x  1

Question 22.
Solution:
7 y  4 4

y2 3
3(7 y  4)  4( y  2)
21 y  12  4 y  8
21 y  4 y  8  12
25 y  20
20 4
y 
25 5

Question 23.

www.vedantu.com 7
Solution:
15(2  y )  5( y  6)
 10
1 3y
30  15 y  5 y  30
 10
1 3y
20 y
 10
1 3y
20 y  10(1  3 y )
20 y  10  30 y
20 y  30 y  10
10 y  10
y 1

Question 24.
Solution:
2 x  (7  5 x) 7

9 x  (3  4 x) 6
2 x  7  5x 7

9x  3  4x 6
7x  7 7

5x  3 6
6(7 x  7)  7(5 x  3)
42 x  42  35 x  21
42 x  35 x  42  21
7 x  21
x3

Question 25.

www.vedantu.com 8
Solution:
(m  1) (m  2)
m  1
2 3
2m  m  1 3  m  2

2 3
m 1 5  m

2 3
3(m  1)  2(5  m)
3m  3  10  2m
3m  2m  10  3
5m  7
7
m
5

Question 26.
Solution:
3x  5 3x  4

4x  2 4x  7
(4 x  7)(3 x  5)  (4 x  2)(3 x  4)
12 x 2  20 x  21x  35  12 x 2  16 x  6 x  8
12 x 2  41x  35  12 x 2  22 x  8
12 x 2  12 x 2  41x  22 x  8  35
19 x  27
27
x
19

Question 27.

www.vedantu.com 9
Solution:
9 x  7 3x  4

3x  5 x  6
( x  6)(9 x  7)  (3 x  5)(3x  4)
9 x 2  7 x  54 x  42  9 x 2  12 x  15 x  20
9 x 2  47 x  42  9 x 2  3x  20
9 x 2  9 x 2  47 x  3x  20  42
44 x  22
1
x
2

Question 28.
Solution:
2  7x 3  7x

1  5x 4  5x
(4  5 x)(2  7 x)  (1  5 x)(3  7 x)
8  28 x  10 x  35 x 2  3  7 x  15 x  35 x 2
35 x 2  18 x  8  35 x 2  8 x  3
35 x 2  35 x 2  18 x  8 x  8  3
10 x  5
1
x
2

Page number: 111

Question 1.
Solution:
Let the numbers be 8x and 3x.
8 x  3x  143
11x  143
x  13
So, one number = 8x = 8 13  104
Other number = 3x = 313  39

Question 2.

www.vedantu.com 10
Solution:
Let the original number be x.
2
of original number is 20 less than the original number.
3
2
x  x  20
3
2 x  3( x  20)
2 x  3 x  60
x  60
Therefore original number is 60.

Question 3.
Solution:
Let the number be x.
Four- fifths of the number is 10 more than two-thirds of the number.
4 2
x  10  x
5 3
4 x 30  2 x

5 3
3(4 x)  5(30  2 x)
12 x  150  10 x
2 x  150
x  75
Therefore, the number is 75.

Question 4.
Solution:
Let one part be x.
7 times the first part = 7x
Let the other part be (24-x)
5 times the second part = 5(24-x)
7 x  5(24  x)  146
7 x  120  5 x  146
7 x  5 x  146  120
2 x  26
x  13
Therefore one part = 13
Other part = (24-x) = (24-13) = 11.

www.vedantu.com 11
Question 5.
Solution:
Let the number be x.
x
Fifth part increased by 5 = 5
5
x
Fourth part diminished by 5 =  5
4
x x
5  5
5 4
x x
55  
4 5
5x  4x
10 
20
200  x
x  200
Therefore the number is 200.

Question 6.
Solution:
Let the common multiple for the given three numbers be x.
Then, the three numbers would be 4x, 5x and 6x.
4 x  6 x  5 x  55
10 x  5 x  55
10 x  5 x  55
5 x  55
x  11
Smallest number = 4x = 4×11 = 44
largest number = 6x = 6×11 = 66
third number = 5x = 5×11 = 55.
Therefore, three numbers are 44, 55 and 66.

Question 7.
Solution:
Let the number be x.
10  4 x  5 x  5
10  5  5 x  4 x
15  x
x  15
Therefore, the number is 15.
Question 8.

www.vedantu.com 12
Solution:
Let the common multiple of both the numbers be x.
Then first number = 3x
Second number = 5x.
3 x  10 5

5 x  10 7
7(3 x  10)  5(5 x  10)
21x  70  25 x  50
21x  25 x  50  70
4 x  20
x5
Therefore, first number = 3x = 3×5 = 15
Second number = 5x = 5×5 = 25.

Question 9.
Solution:
Let the first odd number be x.
Second odd number = (x+2)
Third odd number = (x+4)
x  ( x  2)  ( x  4)  147
x  x  2  x  4  147
3 x  6  147
3 x  141
x  47
Therefore, first odd number is 47.
Second odd number = (x+2) = 47+2 =49
Third odd number = (x+4) = 47+4 =51

Question 10.
Solution:
Let the first even number be x.
Second even number = x+2
Third even number = x+4
x  x  2  x  4  234
3 x  6  234
3 x  228
x  76
First even number = 76
Second even number = x+2 = 76+2 =78

www.vedantu.com 13
Third even number = x+4 =76+4 =80.

Question 11.
Solution:
Let the digit in the units place be x.
Digit in the tens place = (12-x)
Original number = 10(12  x)  x  120  9 x
On reversing the digits we have x at tens place and (12-x) at units place.
New number = 10x  12  x  9x  12
New number – old number = 54
9 x  12  (120  9 x)  54
9 x  12  120  9 x  54
18 x  108  54
18 x  54  108
18 x  162
x9
Therefore, the digits in the units place is 9.
Digits in the tens place = (12-x) = (12-9) =3
Therefore, original number is 39.

Question 12.
Solution:
Let the digit in the units place be x.
Digit in the tens place = 3x
Original number = 10(3x)  x  30 x  x
On reversing the digits we have x at tens place and 3x at units place.
New number = 10x  3x  13x
New number = old number -36
13 x  30 x  x  36
13 x  31x  36
36  18 x
x2
Therefore, the digits in the units place is 2.
Digits in the tens place = 3x = 3×2 = 6
Therefore, original number is 62.

Question 13.

www.vedantu.com 14
Solution:
Let the numerator be x.
The denominator is greater than numerator by 7 = (x+7).
x  17
2
( x  7)  6
x  17
2
x 1
x  17  2( x  1)
x  17  2 x  2
17  2  2 x  x
x  15
Therefore numerator is 15.
Denominator = x+7 = 15+7 = 22
15
So, original fraction = .
22

Question 14.
Solution:
Denominator, d=x
Twice of numerator, 2n  x  2
x2
Numerator, n 
2
n3 2

d 3 3
3(n  3)  2(d  3)
3n  9  2d  6
3n  2d  6  9
3n  2d  3
x2
On replacing d by x and n by
2
 x2
3   2 x  3
 2 
3x  6  4 x
 3
2
6  x  6
 x  6  6
x  12
So, denominator is 12.

www.vedantu.com 15
 x  2 12  2
Numerator =  7
2 2
7
So, original fraction = .
12

Question 15.
Solution:
Let the breadth of the original rectangle be x cm.
Then, its length will be (x+7) cm.
The area of rectangle will be ( x)( x  7)cm2 .
 ( x  3)( x  7  4)  ( x)( x  7)
( x  3)( x  3)  x 2  7 x
x 2  3x  3x  9  x 2  7 x
x2  6x  9  x2  7 x
9  x2  x2  7 x  6 x
9x
x9
Breadth = 9 cm.
Length = (x+7) = (9+7) = 16 cm.

Question 16.
Solution:
Let the width of the rectangle be x cm.
3
Length of rectangle will be x.
2
3
Perimeter = 2( x)  2   x  180m.
2
3
2( x)  2   x  180
2
6x
2x   180
2
4x  6x
 180
2
10 x  360
x  36
Therefore, width of the rectangle is 36 m.
3 3
Length of the rectangle will be = x   36  54m.
2 2

www.vedantu.com 16
Question 17.
Solution:
Let the length of the base of the triangle be x cm.
5
Then, its altitude will be x cm.
3
1 5  5
Area of triangle = x  x   x 2
2 3  6
1 5  5
 ( x  2)  x  4   x 2
2 3  6
 x  2   5 x  12  5 x
2

  
 2  3  6
( x  2)(5 x  12) 5 x 2

6 6
5 x  12 x  10 x  24 5 x 2
2

6 6
5 x  12 x  10 x  24  5 x 2
2

5 x 2  5 x 2  2 x  24
2 x  24
x  12m
Therefore, the base of the triangle is 12 m.
5 5
Altitude of triangle = x  12  20m.
3 3

Question 18.
Solution:
Let the common multiple of all the three angles be x.
Then, the first angle will be 4x.
And the second angle will be 5x.
In a triangle, sum of all three angles is 180°.
So, third angle = 180  (4 x  5 x)  180  9 x
 4 x  5 x  180  9 x
9 x  180  9 x
9 x  9 x  180
18 x  180
x  10
First angle = 4x = 4×10 = 40°
second angle = 5x = 5×10 = 50°

www.vedantu.com 17
third angle = 4x+5x = 9x = 9×10 = 90°.

Question 19.
Solution:
Let the speed of the steamer in the still water be x km/h.
Speed (downstream) = (x+1) km/h
Speed (upstream) = (x-1) km/h
Distance covered in 9 hours (downstream) = 9(x+1) km
Distance covered in 10 hours (upstream) = 10(x-1) km
But both of these distances will be the same.
9( x  1)  10( x  1)
9 x  9  10 x  10
9  10  10 x  9 x
x  19
Therefore, speed of the steamer in still water is 19 km/h.
Distance between the ports = 9( x  1)  9(19  1)  9  20  180km.

Question 20.
Solution:
Let the speed of one motorcyclist be x km/hr.
So, speed of other motorcyclist will be (x+7) km/hr.
Distance travelled by the first motorcyclist in 2 hours = 2x km
Distance travelled by the first motorcyclist in 2 hours = 2(x+7) km
Therefore,
300   2 x  (2 x  14)   34
300  (2 x  2 x  14)  34
300  4 x  14  34
286  4 x  34
286  34  4 x
252  4 x
x  63
Therefore, the speed of motorcyclist is 63 km/h.
The speed of second motorcyclist is (x+7) = (63+7) = 70 km/h.

Question 21.
Solution:
Let the first number be x.
5
Then, the second number will be x.
6

www.vedantu.com 18
 45  2
Third number =  x   x.
56  3
5x 2 x
x   150
6 3
6 x  5x  4 x
 150
6
15 x  150  6
15 x  900
x  60
Therefore, first number is 60.
5 5
Second number = x   60  50
6 6
2 2
Third number = x   60  40.
3 3

Question 22.
Solution:
Let the first part be x.
Let the second part be (4500-x).
5% of x = 10% of (4500-x)
5 10
x  4500  x 
100 100
5 x 45000  10 x

100 100
5 x  45000  10 x
15 x  45000
x  3000
Therefore, the first part is 3000.
Second part = (4500-x) = 4500-3000 = 1500.

Question 23.
Solution:
Let the present age of Rakhi be x.
Then, the present age of Rakhi’s mother will be 4x.
After 5 years, Rakhi’s age will be (x+5).
And her other’s age will be (4x+5).

www.vedantu.com 19
4 x  5  3( x  5)
4 x  5  3 x  15
4 x  3 x  15  5
x  10
Present age of Rakhi = 10 years
Present age of her mother 4x = 4×10 = 40 years.

Question 24.
Solution:
Let the age of Monu’s father be x.
The age of Monu’s grandfather will be (x+26).
Then, age of Monu will be (x-29).
x  ( x  26)  ( x  29)  135
x  x  26  x  29  135
3 x  3  135
3 x  138
x  46
Therefore, age of Monu’s father = 46 years.
Age of grandfather = (x+26) = 46+26 = 72 years
Age of Monu = (x-29) = 46-29 = 17 years.

Question 25.
Solution:
Let the age of the grandson be x.
Then his grandfather’s age will be 10x.
Also, the grandfather is 54 years older than his grandson.
Therefore, age of grandson = x+54
10 x  x  54
10 x  x  54
9 x  54
x6
Therefore, grandson’s age is 6 years.
Grandfather’s age = 10x = 10×6 = 60 years.

Question 26.
Solution:
Let the age of the younger cousin be x.
Then, the age of elder cousin will be (x+10).
15 years ago:

www.vedantu.com 20
Age of younger cousin = (x-15)
Age of elder cousin = (x+10-15) = (x-5)
 ( x  5)  2( x  15)
x  5  2 x  30
x  2 x  30  5
x  25
Therefore, present age of younger cousin is 25 years.
Present age of elder cousin = x 10  25 10  35 years.

Question 27.
Solution:
Let the number of deer in the herd be x.
1
The number of deer grazing is x.
2
x x
Remaining deer = x  
2 2
3 x 3
Number of deer playing =    x.
42 8
The number of deer drinking water is 9.
3 x
9  x   x
8 2
72  3 x  4 x
x
8
72  7 x  8 x
x  72
Therefore, total number of deer in the herd = 72.

Page number: 113

OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS:
Tick () the correct answer in each of the following:
Question 1.
Solution: (c) 5
2x  3  x  2
2x  x  2  3
x5

www.vedantu.com 21
Question 2.
Solution: (b) -5
7 3
5 x   x  14
2 2
10 x  7 3 x  28

2 2
10 x  7  3 x  28
10 x  3 x  28  7
7 x  35
x  5

Question 3.
Solution: (a) 40
4
z  ( z  10)
5
5 z  4( z  10)
5 z  4 z  40
z  40

Question 4.
4
Solution: (c)
5
8
3m  5m 
5
25m  8
3m 
5
15m  25m  8
10m  8
8 4
m 
10 5

Question 5.
Solution: (b) -1
5t  3  3t  5
 5t  3  3t  5
2t  2
t  1

www.vedantu.com 22
Question 6.
7
Solution: (d)
3
5 26
2y    y
3 3
6 y  5 26  3 y

3 3
6 y  5  26  3 y
6 y  3 y  26  5
9 y  21
7
y
3

Question 7.
Solution: (b) -1
6x 1 x3
1 
3 6
6x 1 3 x  3

3 6
6(6 x  1  3)  6( x  3)
36 x  24  3 x  9
36 x  3 x  24  9
33 x  33
x  1

Question 8.
Solution: (c) 36
n 3n 5n
   21
2 4 6
6n  9n  10n
 21
12
7n  2112
252
n
7
n  36

www.vedantu.com 23
Question 9.
1
Solution: (d)
2
x 1 3

2x  3 8
8( x  1)  3(2 x  3)
8x  8  6 x  9
8x  6 x  9  8
2x  1
1
x
2

Question 10.
Solution: (c) 8
4x  8 5

5x  8 6
6(4 x  8)  5(5 x  8)
24 x  48  25 x  40
24 x  25 x  48  40
 x  8
x 8

Question 11.
Solution: (d) 12
n 4

n  15 9
9n  4( n  15)
9n  4n  60
9n  4n  60
5n  60
n  12

www.vedantu.com 24
Question 12.
Solution: (a) -2
3(t  3)  5(2t  1)
3t  9  10t  5
3t  10t  9  5
7t  14
t  2
t  2

Question 13.
Solution: (c) 80
Let the number be x.
4 3
x  x4
5 4
4 x 3 x  16

5 4
16 x  15 x  80
16 x  15 x  80
x  80

Question 14.
Solution: (b) 28 years
Let x be the common multiple of the ages of A and B.
Then, the ages of A and B would be 5x and 7x respectively.
5x  4 3

7x  4 4
4(5 x  4)  3(7 x  4)
20 x  16  21x  12
16  12  21x  20 x
x4
Age of B = 7x = 7×4 = 28 years.

Question 15.
Solution: (b) 5 cm
Let the equal sides of triangle be x.
Then, perimeter would be ( x  x  6)

www.vedantu.com 25
2 x  6  16
2 x  10
x5
Length of each equal side = 5 cm.

Question 16.
Solution: (d) 17
Let the three consecutive integers be x, x+1 and x+2
x  x  1  x  2  51
3 x  3  51
3 x  48
x  16
Middle integer = x+1 = 16+1 = 17.

Question 17.
Solution: (a) 40
Let the number be x and x+15
x  x  15  95
2 x  15  95
2 x  80
x  40
The smaller number is 40.

Question 18.
Solution: (c) 48
`Let the number of boys in the classroom be x.
Then, the number of girls will be (x-8)
The equation becomes:
x 7

x 8 5
5 x  7 x  56
2 x  56
x  28

www.vedantu.com 26
Page number: 115
TEST PAPER 8

A. Question 1.
Solution:
2a 2  3b 2  4c 2  5  (4a 2  5b 2  6c 2  8)
 2a 2  3b 2  4c 2  5  4a 2  5b 2  6c 2  8
 2a 2  4a 2  3b 2  5b 2  4c 2  6c 2  5  8
 2a 2  8b 2  2c 2  13

Question 2.
Solution:
(i)
(4a  5b)  (5a  6b)
 4a(5a  6b)  5b(5a  6b)
 20a 2  24ab  25ab  30b 2
 20a 2  ab  30b 2
(ii)
(6 x 2  x  8)  ( x 2  3)
 x 2 (6 x 2  x  8)  3(6 x 2  x  8)
 6 x 4  x 3  8 x 2  18 x 2  3 x  24
 6 x 4  x 3  10 x 2  3 x  24

Question 3.
Solution:
a 2  2a  3)5a3  4a 2  3a  18(5a  6
5a3  10a 2  15a
6a 2  12a  18
6a 2  12a  18
0

www.vedantu.com 27
Question 4.
Solution:
(i)
 1
x 4
 x
2
 1
 x    (4)
2

 x
1 1
x 2  2  x   2  16
x x
1
x 2  2  16  2  18
x
(ii)
2
 2 1 
 x  2   (18)
2

 x 
1 1
x 4  2  x 2  2  4  324
x x
1
x 4  4  324  2  322
x

Question 5.
Solution:
(83) 2
 (17) 2 
 (83  17)(83  17)
 100  66
 6600

Question 6.
Solution:
(i)
x3  3x 2  x  3
 x 2 ( x  3)  1( x  3)
 ( x 2  1)( x  3)
(ii)
63 x 2 y 2  7
 7(9 x 2 y 2  1)
 7 (3 xy ) 2  (1) 2 
 7(3 xy  1)(3 xy  1)

www.vedantu.com 28
(iii)
1  6 x  9 x2
 9x2  6x  1
 9 x 2  3x  3x  1
 3 x(3 x  1)  1(3 x  1)
 (3 x  1)(3 x  1)
 (3 x  1) 2
(iv)
7 x 2  19 x  6
 7 x 2  21x  2 x  6
 7 x( x  3)  2( x  3)
 (7 x  2)( x  3)

Question 7.
Solution:
2 x  7 15

3 x  5 17
 17(2 x  7)  15(3 x  5)
 34 x  119  45 x  75
 119  75  45 x  34 x
 44  11x
x4

Question 8.
Solution:
Let the present age of the son be x years and that of the father be f years.
5 years back, the father was 7 times as old as his son.
 ( f  5)  7( x  5)
f  7 x  35  5
f  7 x  30
After 5 years, ages of the father and son will be ( f  5)and ( x  5) , respectively.
After 5years, the father will be three times older than his son.

www.vedantu.com 29
( f  5)  3( x  5)
7 x  30  5  3 x  15
7 x  25  3 x  15
7 x  3 x  25  15
4 x  40
x  10
Therefore, the present age of the son is 10 years.
Father’s present age = (7 x  30)  7 10  30  40 years .

B.
Question 9.
Solution: (c) (a  1)(b  1)
ab  a  b  1
 a(b  1)  1(b  1)
 (a  1)(b  1)

Question 10.
Solution: (b) (1  8 x)(3  x)
3  23 x  8 x 2
3  23 x  8 x 2
 3  24 x  x  8 x 2
 3(1  8 x)  x(1  8 x)
 (1  8 x)(3  x)

Question 11.
Solution: (a) ( x  3)(7 x  2)
7 x 2  19 x  6
 7 x 2  21x  2 x  6
 7 x( x  3)  2( x  3)
 ( x  3)(7 x  2)

Question 12.
Solution: (c) 3(2 x  5) 2

www.vedantu.com 30
12 x 2  60 x  75
 3(4 x 2  20 x  25)
 3 (2 x) 2  2  2 x  5  52 
 3(2 x  5) 2

Question 13.
Solution: (b) (5 p  3)(2 p  1)
10 p 2  11 p  3
 10 p 2  11 p  3
 5 p(2 p  1)  3(2 p  1)
 (5 p  3)(2 p  1)

Question 14.
Solution: (c) 2 x(2 x  1)(2 x  1)
8 x3  2 x
 2 x(4 x 2  1)
 2 x (2 x) 2  (1) 2 
 2 x(2 x  1)(2 x  1)

Question 15.
Solution: (b) x  4
x  5 x  5 25
 
2 3 6
3( x  5)  2( x  5) 25

6 6
3 x  15  2 x  10  25
5 x  5  25
5 x  20
x4

C. Question 16.
Solution:
(i) x2  18 x  81  ( x  9)2 .
(ii) 4  36 x 2  4(1  3x)(1  3x) .
(iii) x 2  14 x  13  ( x  13)( x  1) .

www.vedantu.com 31
(iv) 9 x 2  x 2  4 y 2  4 xy  (3z  x  2 y )(3z  x  2 y ) .
(v) abc  ab  c  1  (c  1)(ab  1) .

D. Question 17.
Solution:
(i) (5  3x 2 ) is a binomial. - T
(ii) 8 is a monomial. - T
(iii) (5a  9b)  (6a  2b)  (a  7b) . - F
8 3 4 64
(iv) When x  2 and y  1 the value of x y is . -T
7 7
x x x 3
(v)     x  9. . - T
4 6 2 4
2
(vi) 2 x  5  0  x  . . - F
5

www.vedantu.com 32