Concepts

• Taxonomy
• Classifies and organizes biological information according to different
methods.
• Describe the organisms
• Importance: taxonomy that organizes entomological diversity.
• Systematic
• Diversity science
• Organize knowledge about organisms
• Its phylogeny, taxonomy, ecology or paleontology.
• It has a theoretical background that surpasses that of taxonomy and a
predictive vocation.
• Phylogeny
• It is the history or evolutionary chronicle of the species.
• Its mission is to know the evolutionary relationships between groups of
species.
Importance of taxonomic studies

• You have information about an unknown insect.

• Systematically identifies a pest or an insect, based on its
scientific name you can search for worldwide information.
• Each order of insects has particular characteristics.
• At the order level, one must know its biology, type of
feeding and other characteristics that may be useful to
make a first appreciation of the insect under study.
• At the family level, one must know its biology, feeding
habits, host, reproduction and whether it is a beneficial,
harmful or unimportant insect.
Scientific nomenclature for the class
insecta
• Rules defined and established in the International Code of
Zoological Nomenclature.
• Scientific names are Latinized but can derive from any
language, and are derived from Latin or Greek and generally
refer to some characteristic that the species or group of
species presents.
• The scientific names of species consist of two words.
• The names of the superfamilies, families and subfamilies have
fixed endings and are formed based on the name of the genus.
• Superfamily, oidea ending
• Family, ending of idae
• Subfamily the ending inae
For example: for the type genus Pyralis , Superfamily
Pyraloidea , Family Pyralidae and Subfamily Pyralidinae
1. Protura
2. Collembola
3. Diplura
4. Microcoryphia
5. Thysanura 17. Zoraptera
6. Ephemeroptera 18. Psocoptera
7. Odonata 19. Phthiraptera
8. Grilloblattaria 20. Hemiptera
9. Phasmida
10. Orthoptera 21. Homoptera
11. Mantodea 22.Thysanoptera
12. Blattaria 23. Neuroptera
13. Isoptera 24. Coleoptera
14. Dermaptera
25. Strepsiptera
15. Embiidin
16. Plecoptera 26. Mecoptera
27. Siphonaptera
28. Diptera
29. Trichoptera
30. Lepidoptera
31. Hymenoptera
Order Characteristics:
• Orders01to the03 = Entognatha (not considered insects)
• Orders04to the31 = Ectognatha (true insects)
• Orders01to the05 = Apterygota (primitively wingless)
• Orders06to the22 = Exopterygota (external development of wings
• Orders23to the31 = Endopterygota (internal development of wings)
• Orders06to the07 = Paleoptera (wings cannot be folded over the
abdomen)
• Orders 08 to 31 = Neoptera (can fold wings over abdomen)
• Orders 01 to 05 = Ametabola (without metamorphosis)
• Orders 06, 07 and 16 = Hemimetabola (incomplete metamorphosis)
• Orders 08 to 22 = except three previous Paurometabola (gradual
metamorphosis)
• Orders23to the31 = Holometabola (metamorphosis complete)
• Orders08to the15 = Orthopteroids
• Orders18to the22 = Hemipteroids
 Identification of a species
BCRROR 8 D.

CONSTOCK,1940) ESSIG |1942| (1963) IMMS (1984) DALY AND ERLICH (1999)-

Phylogenetic classification APTEFUGET APTERYGOT APTERYGOT APTERYGOT

1 Prat-re
' Probura 1 Prcbura 1. Pratare 1 Thysarura

2. Thysenurs 2 Thyen-re 2. Thysarura 2 Diplura 2. Ocle-ball

3 Cdlembale 3. Aptera 3. Cale-bala 3 Proturs 3. Diplurs or Aptere

Domain : Eukaryota Whittaker & Margulis,1978 PTERYGOTHA 4 Collembole PTERYGOT 4 Collembais 4 Archaeagrathe

Kingdom : Animalia Linnaeus, 1758 - animals 4. Orthaptera PTERYGOTHA EXOPTERYGOT PTERYGOT 5. Ty sarure

Subkingdom : Bilateria (Hatschek, 1888) Cavalier-Smith,

5 Zoraptera 1983
Exopterygats 4. Ephemeridee EXOPTERYGOT 6. Ephemeridee

Branch : Protostomia Grobben, 1908 6 sapter 5 Orthopte: 5. Odoneta Psleopters 7. Odansta

Infrakingdom : Ecdysozoa Aguinaldo Et Al., 1997 Ex Cavalier-Smith,

7. Ne-roptere 6 Gryilabletodes 6. Orhaptere 5 Ephemeridee 3. Flecapter

1998 8 Ephemeroptera '.Batana 7. bite's 6 Odonsis 9 Sletodea

Superphyllum : Panarthropoda Cuvier 9.Odanata B Phazmidse 3. Plecapter DEC'S ORTHOPTER 10 sapter

Phyllum : Arthropoda Latreille, 1829 - Arthropods

10 Plecopters
9. Manlodes 9. Dermeptere
7 Plecopters 11 Mentdes

Subphyllum : Mandibulata Snodgrass, 1938 11 Corodentitis 10. Dermapters 10 E-biaptera 5 Gryilablatades 12. Grpllobletodes

Infraphyllum : Atelocerata Heymons, 1901 12 Melophsga 11. Dipiogesseta 11. 9 Orthopters 13 Dermeptere

Superclass : Panhexapoda 13 Embiidin 12 Plecapters 12 Zoraptera 10. Phes-idse '4 Orhaphera

Epiclass : Hexapoda 14 Thysanaptere 13. zpkera 13 Mallaphegs 1 ‘. Dermeptere 15 Phezmstodea or Phasmid:

Class : Insecta C. Linnaeus, 1758 15 Anoplar 14. Zorepter 14. Anaplurs 12. Embioptere 16 E-bioptera or E~b izina

Subclass : Dicondylia 15 Hemiptere 15 Embiopte's 15 Thysenopters 13. Dicbiaptere 17. Zoraptera

Infraclass : Pterygota 17 Homopters 1 5. Corrode you 16 Hemiptera 14. lsoptera 18 Psocoptera c Corroderte

Superorder : Condylognatha 1.5 Derapters 17. Valophaga 17. Homaptera 15. Zorepter 19. PshErepthera

Order : Hemiptera C. Linnaeus, 1758 19 Coleaptere 13 Anoplar ENDOPTERYGOUT PTEROID HEM 20 Hemiptera

Suborder : Sternorrhyncha 20 Strepsipters 19. Ephemeris 18 Ne-ropters 16. Psocaptera 21 Thysenopters c Psysopds
Infraorder : Aphidomorpha 21 Mecoptere 20. Odansta 19. 17. Valophega 22. Stepsitters

Superfamily : Aphidoidea 22 Trichaptere 21. Thysanaptera 20 Strepsiptera 13. Siuncuibde 23 Cdleopters

Family : Aphididae 23 Lepidapters 22 Hem ptere 21 Mecopters 19. Hemiptere

Genre : Cinara Curtis, 1835 24 Diptere ENDOPTERYGOUT 22. 20. Thysanaptera
SUPER ORDER NEUROPTERIODEA
24 Mega Erne's

Species : cupressi 25 Siphanapter 23. Vegslotters 23 Lepidaptere ENDOPTERYGOUT 25 Raphidioptere

Scientific name : Cinara cupressi Buckton 1881 SENASA, 24.(2009),

25 HPmenapte's Neuroptera (ITIS REPORT,
24 Dipters 2011)
twenty-one . Neuroptera 26 Ne-roptere

25 Abduct or dee 25.Sphonapter 22. Coleaptera 27. Mecopters

25. Mecaptera 23. Steps piers 28 Sphcnacle-e

27. Trichaptere 24. Vecoptera 29 Diptera

25. Lepidoptera 25 Siphonaptera 30. Trichopters

29. Coleaptera 26. Dipbera 31 Lepidaptere

26. Hymenaptera 32. Hymenptere
30. Steps piers 27. Lepi dop ter

31. Hymenapter 23. Trichaptera

Characterize an Order

1. Head
2. The thorax
3. The abdomen (No. of abdominal segments)
4. Metamorphosis
5. Habitat
6. Economic importance
7. Important Sub Orders, Families, Genera and
Species.
Characterization of the Orders

Protura Order
• Small up to 2 m, elongated and
fusiform
• They do not have antennae or
compound eyes. Pseudoculli or
false eyes
• Sucking mouthparts
• They don't have wings
• Long legs, first pair are tactile
• Abdomen with 12 segments
• Anamorphosis
• They live in all regions of the
world, humid soils
Collembola Order
• Elongated body < 8 mm; covered in hair
or scales
• They have antennae and absent
compound eyes.
• chewing mouthparts
• Abdomen 6 segments and in the first
abdominal segment it has colophore.
• III abdominal segment, has the
retinaculum and in the IV it has the
furcula.
• Ametabole.
• Habitat: organic matter
• Without economic importance, but
some species attack greenhouse
nurseries.
• They are very ancient insects
• They are entognathous
Order Diplura
• Body elongated and flattened,
without median caudal filament.
• They have filiform antennae;
chewing mouthparts.
• Compound eyes and absent
ocelli
• Three pairs of legs. wingless
• Abdomen with 10 segments ,
and the 11th has short cercles.
• Cerci present
• Ametabola.
• Habitat: Universal and in dead
wood, leaf litter.
• Families: Campodeidae,
Projapigidae and Japigidae
Order Thysanura
• Elongated, soft and flattened body
• They have a middle caudal filament.
• Eyes reduced and separated or
absent, ocelli absent.
• Long antennae and chewing
mouthparts.
• Abdomen 11 segments .
• They have style
• Ametabola
• Universally distributed and live in
leaf litter, stones and logs.
• Families: Lepismatidae:
Ctenolepisma longicauda
“Silverfish”, and Thermobia
domestica
• Family Nicoletidae
Order Ephemeroptera
Thin and fragile body, small to medium The male genitalia have efferent
size. vessels with a pair opening, that is,
Triangular head, with short antennae double aedeagus.
Well-developed compound eyes and They are hemimetabolous.
three ocelli • Campodeiform naiads
Mouthparts atrophied in adults and • The adult has a lifespan of 48 hours.
chewing in nymphs Wings Habitus, adults do not feed, and
membranous, with abundant • adults copulate quickly and die.
intercalary veins Important families: Ephemeridae,
Abdomen with 10 segments , with a Heptageniidae and Baetidae.
pair of long, filiform cerci
Order Odonata
• Narrow and elongated body • Hemimetabolous metamorphosis.
• Large, mobile head • In Anisoptera, naiads breathe through the
Short antennae, three ocelli, large rectum.
• prominent compound eyes Chewing • Habitat Near water sources.
mouthparts • They have no economic importance.
• Robust thorax, short and weak legs that • Sub Order Anisoptera : Big eyes Families:
• together form a basket Aeshnidae, Gomphidae, Libelullidae and
Cordullidae
Two pairs of membranous wings, with
abundant longitudinal and transverse • Sub Order Zygoptera, dichoptic eyes;
veins, hyaline with nodus and pterostigma. Families Coenagrionidae,
Pseudostigmatidae, Megapodagrionidae,
Abdomen elongated, cylindrical with 10 Lestidae and Agrionidae
segments .
The male genitalia are in the third abdominal segment and copulate during flight.
Order Odonata
Order Odonata
Family Aeshnidae
Family Libellulidae
Order Odonata
Family Aeshnidae
Family Libellulidae
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Family Calopterigidae
Family Coenagrionidae
Family Lestidae
Odonata nymphs or naiads
Order Plecoptera
• Soft, flattened body, earthy
yellow to yellowish green.
• Transverse and sessile head
• Chewing mouthparts
• Long, filiform antennae
• Small compound eyes and 2
to 3 ocelli
• Well developed thorax
• Aquatic habit.
• membranous wings
• Abdomen with 10 segments
• incomplete metamorphosis;
field-shaped naiads
Blattaria Order
Body dorsumally flattened urban importance
• Chewing mouthparts • Classification:
Two filiform antennae, • Family Blatidae spp > 25 mm.
compound eyes, ocelli in American periplanet
• number of two Family Blatellidae spp < 25 mm.
Apteras or tegminae Blatella germanica
• Very wide coxae legs Abdomen Family Blaberidae
Family Cryptoceridae (from the
11 segments Reduced Valley)
ovipositor Short cerci
• Paurometaboles
• •dimorphism
sexual

• • Nocturnal and
omnivorous
habits; they live
the ground,
scratch leaf
• Of medical and
 Blattaria Order

Family Blatellidae < 25

mm (German
cockroaches).
Captured in Satipo 02/06/09)

Family Blatidae > 25 mm

 Blattaria Order

Large American
cockroach (tropical)
Order Blattodea or
Blattaria
Family
Cryptocercidae

Family
Blaberidae
Order Isoptera
• Sclerotization and
ISOPTERA
Termite Anatomy External
pigmentation vary with
breeds Compound Eye Mandible

•
Fontanelle

Winged and apterous

•
Metanotum

Moniliform antennae with

12 - 32 segments
1st Abdominal
Segment

• Compound eyes in winged

shapes
10th Abdominal
Segment

•
wing

They do not have a middle

ocellus, instead they have
a defensive gland called
fontanel.
• Chewing mouthparts
• Winged species with
similar wings
 Order Isoptera
• The wings have a humeral males and females. Termite
mound work
suture, which is detached
during the nuptial flight. • 4th. caste: of soldiers or
• Sessile abdomen of 10 nasutis formed by sterile males
and females; They have well-
segments with a pair of cerci
developed jaws
• Paurometabolos.
• Habits: they build their nests or
• It has four social castes: termite nests under the ground
• 1st. caste: reproductive and live on plant residues.
fertile males and females that
lose their wings and found new
• Its main food is cellulose and
paper.
colonies, becoming queens
• 2nd. caste: reproductive,
supplementary caste, called
neotenic
• 3rd. caste: of workers or
workers, made up of sterile
 A: reproductive
adult
B: Neotenics; chemical
defense
C: Workers
D: Nasutis or
soldiers
 Rhinotermitidae : Known as
“white comejen”, it attacks forest
plantations and processed wood,
in the Peruvian jungle there are
Heterotermes tenuis and

Coptotermes testaceus that

attacks rubber. Termitidae : soil
Kalotermitidae : dry of termite mounds, the
wood termites. On the species Nasutitermes
coast Cryptotermes spp being important in
brevis Peru. that attacks tree
species and buildings.
 Mantodean
Order
• Relatively large and
elongated body
• Free and mobile head
• Thin, filiform antennae
• Chewing mouthparts
• Compound eyes round,
sometimes pointed
• Ocelli in number of three
Mantodean
• Thin and elongated thorax;
Order
•
•
mobile from the mesothorax
Wings when tegminae present.
Raptor forelegs
• Compressed abdomen of 11
segments
• Multi-segmented fences
• Paurometabolos.
• Eggs in ootheca
• They are carnivores, insects
and other animals such as
lizards and rodents.
• Cosmopolitan distribution
 Mantodean
Order

• They have no economic importance:

• Important families: Mantoididae (2 cm long) Praying mantis ; Family Vatidae (3 – 10 cm long
Stagmomantis spp : Family Acanthopidae (1-5.0 cm) Acontista spp and Acanthops spp.
Order Dermaptera
• Body elongated, narrow and • Abdomen 11 segments , long, mobile,
short and flattened telescopic; at the end two pincer-shaped
• Little ones fences
• Broad head, large compound •Paurometaboles
eyes, no ocelli, long, thin •Wide distribution in tropical areas.
antennae with 10-50 segments.
•Nocturnal habits, organic matter, under
• Chewing mouthparts stones. It is not of economic importance.
• There are species, apterous, •Important families
brachypterous and winged. The • Forficulidae, Arixenidae
winged ones with radial Hemimeridae and Labidae
branching
• Labiduridae
• walking legs
Order
Orthoptera
•
•
Medium to large body size
Apterous, winged and brachypterous
•
•
Abdomen with 11 segments
Females with well-developed
• short and long antennas; ocelli 2 to 3; ovipositor with three pairs of valves
large compound eyes • Gradual metamorphosis or
• Forelegs and middle legs cursor; the paurometabola, and the nymphs are
terrestrial.
rear jumper
• Tegmina wings. • Wide global distribution
• Except for some males, they stridulate • There are some phytophagous
by rubbing the forewing with the other species and agricultural pests and
or the hind femur with the forewing; to some are omnivorous.
attract females.
Order Orthoptera - Classification
Sub Order Ensifera Sub Order Caelifera
• Long antennas > 30 segments • Short antennas <30 rods
• Ovipositor more or less elongated, • short protorax
lance-shaped • Ovipositor short, saber-shaped
• If they have tympanic organs in the • They have tympanic organs at the
anterior tibiae base of the abdomen.
• If they have stridulatory organs, • Stridulatory apparatus if you have
usually tegminals alar femorus
• Important families: Tettigonidae, • Important families: Eumastacidae ,
Gryllidae, Gryllotalpidae
Proscopidae, Acrididae,
Tetrigidae, Tridactylidae
Family Tettigonidae

Captured in Tingo María 2010

Family Gryllidae
Family Gryllotalpidae
 Family Proscopidae

Anchotatus peruvianus “Salta palo” Captured in Ahuac – Chupaca 2010

Family Eumastacidae
Family Tridactylidae
Family Tetrigidae
Order Phasmidae or
Phasmatodea

• Stick or leaf shaped body

• Apterous and winged
• Small compound eyes, usually
three ocelli
• Antennas of variable length from 8
to 100 segments.
• Chewing mouthparts.
• Elythroid or tegmina wings if
present, or are brachypterous
Family
•
Phasmidae
Cursor legs Phasmatidae :
• Dorsoventrally compressed Diapheromera femorata
abdomen of 11 segments. (Stick Insect)
They lack stridulatory
organs.
• Gradual metamorphosis,
eggs are laid in the ground.
Parthenogenesis occurs.
• Terrestrial and
phytophagous habits
• They can become potential
pests
• Phyllidae Family: Phyllium
scythe (Leaf Insect) and
Family Phyllidae
Family Phyllidae
"Leaf insect"
Family Phasmatidae

"Stick insect"
Family Pseudophasmatidae
Order Embiidin
• Elongated and flattened body; rare
• Well developed head; antennae
filiform, compound eyes large
and small in the female.
• Chewing mouthparts, with
flattened jaw
• Winged and apterous
• Legs with silk glands.
• Abdomen 10 segments
• Paurometaboles
Order Zoraptera
Small insects of 3mm and 7mm wing expansion
Winged and wingless
• Moniliform antennae, they have
compound eyes and 3 ocelli.
chewing mouthparts
• primitive
Abdomen short and robust with
•
11 segments .
Paurometaboles
• coretza habitat of trees
Order Psocoptera or
Corrodentia
Small, wingless or mobile winged
insects.
Large head, long antennae, with “Y”-
shaped epicranial suture.
• Various compound eyes. Chewing
mouthparts with large clypeus
• Winged species keep their wings in the
shape of a gable roof
• 9-segment abdomen
• Paurometaboles, passing through six
stages
Order Psocoptera
Order Psocoptera
book louse
Order Phthirapthera
Sub Order Mallophaga Sub Order Anoplura
Order Phthirapthera: Sub Order Mallophaga
“Chewing lice”
• Flattened body, small between 5
– 6 mm
• Apteros ectoparasites of birds
and mammals
• Large, broad and variable head;
reduced compound eyes; ocelli
absent; nailed or moniliform
antennae
• Chewing mouthparts, located at
the bottom
• Free
Shortprothorax,
legs meso
and metathorax
partially fused
Order Phthirapthera: Sub Order Mallophaga
• Abdomen of 8 to 10 segments , with • Importance: they are pests of
absent cerci domestic animals
• Simple gradual metamorphosis • Important families:
• Habits, they oviposit on the same • Menopodidae Menopom chickens
“chicken louse”
host in the hairs or feathers
• They are specific in relation to their • Gyropidae Gliricola porcelli and
Gyropus ovalis “guinea pig louse”
hosts
• They feed on feathers or hair.
• Trichodectidae Bovicola bovis “cattle
chewing louse” and trichodectis equi
However, it has been observed that “horse chewing louse”
they feed on the bait or follicle. • Philopteridae Lipeurus caponis
• The genus Mecanathus feeds on the “chicken louse” and Goniodes
blood emanating from wounds. dissimilis “European chicken louse”
• Family Gyropidae
• Family Menoponidae
Order Phthirapthera: Sub Order Anoplura
“Bitting lice”
• They are small, apterous with a narrow,
flattened, oval-shaped body.
• Free and conical head
• Stinging-sucking mouthparts, with fleshy,
retractable and unisegmented probocis.
• Reduced compound eyes, no ocelli
• setiform antennae
• Short, narrow thorax with short, robust
legs with a strong, curved claw
• Abdomen with 9 segments , oval with
highly sclerotized and pigmented edge
and without circles
Order Phthirapthera: Sub Order Anoplura
• Simple gradual • Important families:
metamorphosis due to its • Pediculidae Pediculus
apterous condition and its humanus , subspecies
permanent parasitic life capitis ; transmit typhus
• Habits The eggs are attached • Phthiridae Phthirus pubis or
to the host. They are specific pubic louse, which is very
in relation to their hosts small and crab-shaped
• Importance constitute a • Haematopinidae
serious problem for humans Haemathus suis “Pig louse”
and livestock and “ Linognathus ovillus
attacks sheep.”
• Pediculidae • Phthiridae
 Order Hemiptera

• The Hemiptera in sensu latus (sl), includes the Homoptera and Heteroptera in sensu stricti (ss).
• They generally have two pairs of wings; The anterior ones being almost always harder in
consistency than the posterior ones, either uniformly (Homoptera) or with the apical portion more
membranous than the rest (Heteroptera). Biting and sucking mouthparts and paurometabolic
metamorphosis.
 Order Hemiptera
Sensu
latus

Sub Order Heteroptera Sub Order Homoptera

Sensu stricti:
Sub Order Heteroptera
Sub Order Heteroptera

• Body generally oval, some elongated

• Very varied size and others are tiny
• Free and elongated head
• Sucking chopper mouthparts inserted
in the anterior part of the head
consisting of a probosis (= rostrum,
haustelum or beak
• Relatively robust antennas with a
maximum of five antennas
• The free terrestrial ones and the
hidden aquatic ones
• Well-developed compound eyes,
and ocelli in number from two to three
Sub Order Heteroptera

• Thorax compact and uniform in the

various shapes
• The mesothorax has a sclerite called
scutellum, which is generally triangular
in shape.
• They are mostly winged, with apterous
and brachypterous species.
• The winged species have two pairs of
wings, the first pair of which are
hemiliters; The second pair is
mebranous with abundant venation.
• Well-developed legs for walking
• In some species they are adapted to
digging or swimming
• Relatively wide and robust abdomen
with 9 segments for males and 10
segments for females.
Sub Order Heteroptera

• Fences always absent; and females with

a well-developed ovipositor and oviposit
in the plant tissue if they are
phytophagous.
• They are Paurometabolous, generally
going through five nymphal stages.
• Habits Nymphs and adults same habitat
and identical diet
• Most live in the foliage or are
ectoparasites of birds, mammals and
humans.
• Importance: they attack many crops and
other predatory species
Family Corixidae: aquatic
Family Notonectidae
Comparing
Corixida Notonectida
e e
Curved

Big
Little

clear hotun

dark llodus
Stet num dark

clear sternum
Family Nepidae: water scorpions
TO
Family Belostomatidae
Family Gerridae

Captured in San Ramón (06/04/09)

• Family Veliidae • Family Mesoveliidae
Family Hydrometridae
TO
Family Hydrometridae
Family Saldidae
Family Miridae
Family Reduviidae

Captured in San Ramón on 06/04/09

Family Lygaeidae
Family Coreidae
Family Anthocoridae
Family Nabidae
Family Pyrrocoridae
Family Aradidae

J. ARIAS
Family Gelastocoridae

“Toad bugs”
Family Tingidae

“Lace bugs”
Family Scutelleridae
Family Cydnidae
Sub Order Homoptera
• Very variable shape, color, inserted in the infero-
posterior part of the head
sizes
• Apterous or winged • Well-developed compound
• Many insects are not typical, eyes, with 2 to 3 ocelli, and
and may be scales or absent in wingless forms.
mealybugs. • Antennas generally well
developed
• Sucking chopper mouthparts
• Thorax not distinguishable
from the abdomen in the
wingless
• The winged forms with
membranous wings; In the
Superfamily Coccoidea,
males have only one pair.
Sub Order Homoptera
• Abdomen of 9 to 11 segments oviparous, viviparous; as well as
and does not present cerci. hermaphroditism
• Gradual metamorphosis. Some • Importance: All are phytophages
species with a very complex and are mostly of economic
biological cycle presenting importance.
bisexual, parthenogenetic • It is divided into 3 series:
generations; they can be Coleorryncha, Auquenorryncha
and Sternorryncha.
functional as in Icerya .
Aleyrodidae Family – White Flies
Family Cicadidae
a
n
Family Membracidae
Family Membracidae

Captured in Pucharini – Yurinaki on 06/03/09)

Captured at Tingo Maria 2010

Family Cercopidae
Comparing
Family Fulgoridae
Family Fulgoridae
Family Flatidae
Family Aphididae

“Aphids”
Aphis craccivora Aphis fabae
 a Family Coccidae
Copyright (c) 2006 SeaStar

Cup-like
invagination Marginal
•
mushroo
Tubular
duct
Spiracular
setae
Antenna
Tubular duct

Bilocular
pore quinquelocular
3 pores

spiral furrow

Microtubular duct

Discoidal pore
Anal cleft
■
digitules

.Claw'

2-ringed Anal plates Multilocular Tubular duct

duct By e
 Family Coccidae
Adult female

Eggs

Nym
ph

Adult male
Family Coccidae
Saissetia coffeae “Hemispherical scale of Hassi and
Tecoma
Family Calophydae

molle aphid
Family Orthezidae
“Queresas insignia or queresas
“mobile”

Enlarged
mushroom
terminal

Antenna
Labium

Modified
mushroo
m

Tubular
duct

*908000-*
Ovisac
band
watoNANN

Discoidal
pore

Abdominal
spiral

'Anal ring
with pores
Quadrilocular
and setae
By e Claw
 Antenna

Previous
cerarius Discoidal pores
C near eye

Discoidal
pore

Trilocular pore
Translucent
pores

Cerarius

Oral-rim
tubular duct

Circle
b Oral-collar n
tubular ducts

Auxiliary
mushroo
m, Ceranan Multilocular
mushroom Anal pore
cerarius
Family Margaroridae

Icerya purchassi “ Cottony broom scale”

Family Dactylopidae

Thank you