Progression
Concept
An arithmetic progression (AP) is a sequence where the differences between every two
consecutive terms are the same.
nth term of an AP: an = a + (n - 1)d
𝑛
Sum of n terms of an AP: Sn = [2a+(n-1)d]
2
A geometric progression (GP) is a progression where every term bears a constant ratio
to its preceding term.
nth term of a GP: an = arn-1
(1−𝑟 𝑛 )
Sum of n terms of a GP: Sn = a for r≠1
(1−𝑟)
Harmonic progression is obtained by taking the reciprocal of the terms of an arithmetic
progression. The terms of a harmonic progression is of the form,
1/a, 1/(a + d), 1/(a + 2d), 1/(a + 3d), 1/(a + 4d),...1/(a + (n - 1)d).
nth Term of HP = 1/(a + (n - 1)d)
AM > GM > HM
The square of the geometric mean is equal to the product of the arithmetic mean and
harmonic mean.
GM2 = AM x HM
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What is the value of the 21st term and the nth term of the
harmonic progression: 1/5, 1/9, 1/13, 1/14 .....?
Explanations
Solution:
The given harmonic sequence is 1/5, 1/9, 1/13, 1/14 ...........
Comparing this with 1/a, 1/(a + d), 1/(a + 2d),..., we get 1/a = 1/5, 1/(a +
d) = 1/9.
a = 5, a + d = 9, or d = 4.
The 21st term = 1/(a + 20d) = 1/(5 + 20 x 4) = 1/(5 + 80) = 1/85.
The nth term = 1/(a + (n - 1)d) = 1/(5 + (n - 1)4) = 1/(5 + 4n - 4) = 1/(4n +
1)
Answer: Therefore, the 21st term is 1/85, and the nth term is 1/(4n + 1).
Question
Compute the 16th term of HP if the 6th and 11th term of HP
are 10 and 18, respectively.
Explanations
The H.P is written in terms of A.P are given below:
6th term of A.P = a+5d = 1/10 ……..(1)
11th term of A.P = a+10d = 1/18 ……(2)
By solving these two equations, we get
a =13/90, and d = -2/ 225
To find 16th term, we can write the expression in the form,
a+15d = (13/90) – (2/15) = 1/90
Thus, the 16th term of an H.P = 1/16th term of an A.P = 90
Therefore, the 16th term of the H.P is 90.
Question
Find the 12th term of the harmonic progression, if the fifth
term is 1/16, and the eighth term is 1/25.
Explanations
Solution:
The fifth term = 1/(a + 4d) = 1/16
The eight term = 1/(a + 7d) = 1/25
Comparing this we have a + 4d = 16, and a + 7d = 25.
Solving these above two expressions we have a = 4, and d = 3.
The 12th term of the harmonic progression = 1/(a + 11d) = 1/(4 + 11x3) = 1/(4 + 33) = 1/37.
Answer: Therefore, the 12th term of the harmonic progression is 1/37.
Thanks to all
