Advisory Desk
AD 373
Connections using preloaded bolts,
subject to combined shear and tension
Queries have been raised regarding the verification of connections subject Combined shear and tension, slip-resistant at ULS
to combined shear and tension when using preloaded bolts, for connections For shear: Category C: Slip resistant at ULS (3.4.1 (1) (c))
designed in accordance with BS EN 1993 1 8:2005 (Amd 2010) and the UK
For tension: Category E (3.4.2 (1) (b))
National Annex.
Fv,Ed ≤ Fs,Rd ULS
This Advisory Desk note gives a summary of the checks required, where
in BS EN 1993 1 8 the check is identified and where appropriate, provides Fv,Ed ≤ Fb,Rd ULS (**see comment below)
Table 3.2
guidance for such connections. Fv,Ed ≤ Nnet,Rd ULS
All the references are to BS EN 1993 1 8 unless otherwise stated. Ft,Ed ≤ Ft,Rd ULS (*see comment above)
All symbols are as defined in BS EN 1993-1-8 unless otherwise stated.
SLS refers to Serviceability Limit State (i.e. verify against SLS loads). Fv,Ed Ft,Ed
ULS refers to Ultimate Limit State (i.e. verify against ULS loads). + ≤1 ULS Table 3.4
Fv,Rd 1.4Ft,Rd
Combined shear and tension, slip-resistant at SLS ** The verification of bearing resistance is required as a fail safe in case slip
For shear: Category B: Slip resistant at SLS (3.4.1 (1) (b)) does occur in the connection. No separate verification is required for
bolt shear resistance as it will always exceed the slip resistance, but the
For tension: Category E (3.4.2 (1) (b))
interaction between bolt shear and tension should be verified.
Fv,Ed,ser ≤ Fs,Rd,ser SLS
Fv,Ed ≤ Fv,Rd ULS Slip resistances, Clause 3.9.2
Table 3.2
Fv,Ed ≤ Fb,Rd ULS
ksn μ(Fp,c - 0.8Ft,Ed,ser )
Ft,Ed ≤ Ft,Rd ULS (*see comment below) Fs,Rd,ser = SLS (Eq. 3.8a)
γM3,ser
Fv,Ed Ft,Ed ksn μ(Fp,c - 0.8Ft,Ed )
+ ≤1 ULS Table 3.4 Fs,Rd = ULS (Eq. 3.8b)
Fv,Rd 1.4Ft,Rd γM3
* The design tensile force, Ft,Ed , should include any force due to prying Shear, bearing and tension resistances
action. Alternatively in some cases, the design tensile force can be
αvfubA
calculated by ignoring prying action, but in these cases the tensile Fv,Rd = γM2 ULS
resistance should be reduced. For more guidance, see Advisory Desk
note AD354 (Resistance of bolted connections in tension for design to k1 αbfudt
Fb,Rd = γM2 ULS Table 3.4
BS EN 1993 1 8), available at [Link].
k2 fubAs
Ft,Rd = γM2 ULS
Anet fy
Nnet,Rd = γM0 ULS (Eq. 6.8, BS EN 1993 1 1: 2005)
Contact: Abdul Malik
Tel: 01344 636525
Email: advisory@[Link]
New and revised codes & standards
From BSI Updates February and March 2013
BS EN PUBLICATIONS BS EN ISO 4035:2012 BS EN ISO 7539-1:2012 BS EN ISO 8674:2012
Hexagon thin nuts chamfered Corrosion of metals and alloys. Stress Hexagon high nuts (style 2) with
BS EN ISO 898-1:2013
(style 0). Product grades A and B corrosion testing. General guidance metric fine pitch thread. Product
Mechanical properties of fasteners
Supersedes BS EN ISO 4035:2001 on testing procedures grades A and B
made of carbon steel and alloy
Supersedes BS EN ISO 7539-1:1995 Supersedes BS EN ISO 8674:2001
steel. Bolts, screws and studs with BS EN ISO 4036:2012
specified property classes. Coarse Hexagon thin nuts unchamfered BS EN ISO 8673:2012 BS EN ISO 8675:2012
thread and fine pitch thread (style 0). Product grade B Hexagon regular nuts (style 1) with Hexagon thin nuts chamfered
Supersedes BS EN ISO 898-1:2009 Supersedes BS EN ISO 4036:2001 metric fine pitch thread. Product (style 0) with metric fine pitch
grades A and B thread. Product grades A and B
Supersedes BS EN ISO 8673:2001 Supersedes BS EN ISO 8675:2001
NSC
36 March/April 13
