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Understanding Laplace Transform Basics

The Laplace transform reduces differential equations to algebraic equations by transforming functions of time (t) to functions of a complex variable (s). The key properties covered are: 1) The Laplace transform of a function f(t) is defined as an integral from 0 to infinity of f(t)e^-st dt. 2) The linearity property states that the Laplace transform is a linear operator, so the transform of a sum is the sum of the transforms. 3) The first shifting property states that a shift in t results in a multiplication by es in the transform domain.

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Carl Martin Lendio Fusilero
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253 views7 pages

Understanding Laplace Transform Basics

The Laplace transform reduces differential equations to algebraic equations by transforming functions of time (t) to functions of a complex variable (s). The key properties covered are: 1) The Laplace transform of a function f(t) is defined as an integral from 0 to infinity of f(t)e^-st dt. 2) The linearity property states that the Laplace transform is a linear operator, so the transform of a sum is the sum of the transforms. 3) The first shifting property states that a shift in t results in a multiplication by es in the transform domain.

Uploaded by

Carl Martin Lendio Fusilero
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Definition of Laplace Transform Let for that be a given function which is defined .

If there exists a function so

. Solution 01

then

is called the Laplace Transform of , and will be denoted by . Notice the integrator where is a parameter which may be real or complex. Thus,

The symbol which transform into is called the Laplace transform operator. Laplace transformation is a powerful method of solving linear differential equations. It reduces the problem of solving differential equations into algebraic equations. For more information about the application of Laplace transform in engineering, see this Wikipedia article and this Wolfram article.

Thus, answer Problem 02 Find the Laplace transform of Solution 02 .

Laplace Transform by Direct Integration To get the Laplace transform of the given function , multiply by and integrate with respect to from zero to infinity. In symbol,

Problem 01 Find the Laplace transform of

when

Thus, answer Problem 03 Find the Laplace transform of Problem 03 .

Thus,

For

. Table of Laplace Transforms of Elementary Functions Therefore, answer Below are some functions Laplace transforms . and their

Using integration by parts: . Let

Using integration by parts again. Let

then,

Change of Scale Property If , then,

Constant Multiple If is a constant and , then

is a function of

Multiplication by Power of If , then,

Example: Linearity Property If and are constants while and are functions of whose Laplace transform exists, then

where Division by If

, then,

provided Example:

exists.

Transforms of Derivatives The Laplace transform of the derivative exists when , and First Shifting Property If , then,

In general, the Laplace transform of nth derivative is Second Shifting Property If , and

Linearity Property | Laplace Transform

Solution 02

Linearity Property If and are constants while and are functions of whose Laplace transform exists, then But

Proof of Linearity Property Thus,

okay This property can be easily extended to more than two functions as shown from the above proof. With the linearity property, Laplace transform can also be called the linear operator. See examples below. Problem 01 Find the Laplace transform of Solution 01 .

From the table of Laplace transform, and Hence,

answer Problem 02 By using the linearity property, show that okay

First Shifting Property | Laplace Transform

First Shifting Property If , when

then,

In words, the substitution for in the transform corresponds to the multiplication of the original function by . Proof of First Shifting Property

Thus,

answer Problem 03 Find the Laplace transform of . Solution 03 okay Problem 01 Find the Laplace transform of Solution 01 Thus, .

Thus, answer Problem 02 Find the Laplace transform of . Solution 02 Problem 04 Find the Laplace transform of . Solution 04

answer

when

Thus,

answer

Second Shifting Property | Laplace Transform Second Shifting Property If , and okay Problem 01 Find the Laplace transform of

then, Solution 01

Proof of Second Shifting Property and

Thus,

answer Checking

Let

when

Let

when when

okay Change of Scale Property | Laplace Transform Multiplication by Power of t | Laplace Transform Division by t | Laplace Transform Laplace Transform of Derivatives Laplace Transform of Intergrals

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