INTRAMOLECULAR
FORCES &
INTERMOLECULAR
FORCES
INTRAMOLECULAR FORCES
-are the forces that hold atoms together within a molecule.
INTERMOLECULAR FORCES
-are forces that exist between molecules.
TYPES OF
INTRAMOLECULAR
FORCES
1. IONIC BOND
This bond is formed by the complete transfer of valence
electron(s) between atoms.
2. COVALENT BOND
This bond is formed between atoms
that have similar electronegativities—
measure of the tendency of an atom to
attract a bonding pair of electron.
2. COVALENT BOND
a. Non-polar covalent bond- is formed
between same atoms or atoms with very
similar electronegativities.
2. COVALENT BOND
a. Polar covalent bond- is formed when
atoms of slightly different electronegativities
share electrons.
3. METALLIC BOND
This type of covalent bonding specifically occurs between
atoms of metals, in which the valence electrons are free to move
through the lattice. This bond is formed via the attraction of the
mobile electrons—referred to as sea of electrons—and the fixed
positively charged metal ions. Metallic bonds are present in
samples of pure elemental metals, such as gold or aluminum, or
alloys, like brass or bronze.
RELATIVE STRENGTH OF THE
INTERMOLECULAR FORCES
TYPES OF
INTERMOLECULAR
FORCES
1. ION-ION INTERACTION
• The interactions between ions (ion
- ion interactions) are the easiest to
understand: like charges repel each
other and opposite charges attract.
2. ION-DIPOLE INTERACTION
• Ion dipole interaction is very
evident when pouring water
molecules around sodium ions
which is the case when dissolving
sodium chloride in water.
3. DIPOLE-DIPOLE INTERACTION
• Forces are attractive forces between the positive end of
one polar molecule and the negative end of another
polar molecule.
4. HYDROGEN BOND
INTERACTION
• “Hydrogen just wanna have FON”
5. London dispersion Interaction / Van der
Waals Intermolecular Forces
• This type of interaction happens to be present in
all types of molecules whether ionic or covalent-
polar or nonpolar.
1. London dispersion is evident in nonpolar molecules.
2. Hydrogen bonding refers to a hydrogen from one
molecule boded to N, F, and Br to the other molecule.
3. Ion-dipole interaction leads to the building of forces
between nonpolar molecules.
4. According to ion-ion interaction, the electrostatic force
increases as the size of the magnitude of charges decreases.
5. Dipole-dipole interaction is significant between an ion
and a dipole molecule.
Direction: Complete the table by writing all types of intermolecular
forces (IMF) that will exhibit between the pairs of molecules.
Direction: Complete the table by describing the types of
intermolecular forces and arrange these types according to
increasing strength by numbering them 1-5.
Just like molecules, humans are also attracted
to one another. As a teenager, you have
experienced being attracted to someone. How
did you deal with your attractions to others?
Do you listen to your parents for advice on
this matter?
