REFERENCE

Journal/Article

Aida, Y. (1994). Examination of Horwitz, Horwitz, and Cope's construct of foreign language
anxiety: The case of students of the Japanese. Modern Language Journal, 78(2), 155-
168.

Alenezi, S. M. (2020). Foreign Language Enjoyment and Anxiety among the Northern Borders
University EFL Students: Links to Gender and Majors. Education (Al-Azhar): A
Rigorous Scientific Journal for Educational, Psychological, and Social Research, 39(185
Part 3), 1203-1233.

Alijanian, F., Mobini, F., & Ghasemi, P. (2019). The correlation between Iranian EFL learners'
intercultural sensitivity, vocabulary knowledge, and English language proficiency. Issues
in Language Teaching, 8(2), 109-135. [Link]

Al-Qadri, A. H., Al-khresheh, M. H., Boudouaia, A., Boukhris, F., & Boudouaia, A. (2023).
Language anxiety in an Algerian multilingual tertiary context. Humanities and Social
Sciences Communications, 10, 90. [Link]

American Psychological Association. (2017). Ethical principles of psychologists and code of

conduct. American Psychologist, 45(390-395).

Ansari, M. S. (2015). Speaking anxiety in ESL/EFL classrooms: A holistic approach and

practical study. International Journal of Educational Investigations, 2(4), 38-46.

Arkoudis, S., Baik, C., Bexley, E., & Doughney, L. (2014). English language proficiency and
employability framework. Melbourne: Centre for the Study of Higher Education.

Atef-Vahid, S., & Kashani, A. F. (2011). The effect of English learning anxiety on Iranian
high-school students' English language achievement. Broad Research in Artificial
Intelligence and Neuroscience, 2(3), 29-44.

Azizifar, A., Faryadian, E., & Gowhary, H. (2014). The effect of anxiety on Iranian EFL
learners' speaking skills. International Research Journal of Applied and Basic Sciences,
8(10), 1747-1754.
Baker, W. (2011). Intercultural awareness: Modeling an understanding of cultures in
intercultural communication through English as a lingua franca. Language and
Intercultural Communication, 11(3), 197-214.

Banks, J. A. (1993). Multicultural education: Historical development, dimensions, and

practice. Teachers College Press.

Bennett, M. J. (2008). Intercultural competence: A conceptual framework. In M. K. Asante &

J. A. Palda (Eds.), the handbook of intercultural communication (pp. 147–164). Sage
Publications.

Berry, J. W. (1997). Immigration, acculturation, and adaptation. Applied Psychology, 46(1), 5–

34. [Link]

Boldizsar, B. (2021). Teenagers and new media: Impact on foreign language proficiency and
cultural sustainability. European Journal of Sustainable Development, 10(2), 301.
[Link]

Bosher, S., & Rowekamp, J. (1992). Language proficiency and academic success: The
refugee/immigrant in higher education. ERIC.

Brainee, H. J. (2024). Investigating the impact of cultural awareness on language learners'

motivation and proficiency. Journal of Gender, Culture, and Society, 4(1), 29–38.
[Link]

Brown, R. (2018). Critical methodologies in the study of race, ethnicity, and language. In P.
Garrett & J. M. Baquedano-López (Eds.), Language socialization across cultures (pp.
171–189). Cambridge University Press.

Celce-Murcia, M., Brinton, D. M., & Goodwin, J. M. (1996). Teaching pronunciation: A

reference for teachers of English to speakers of other languages. Cambridge University
Press.

Chang, H. (2015). Beyond language proficiency: Affective factors in SLA. The Modern
Language Journal, 99(3), 577–580.

Chen, G. M., & Starosta, W. J. (2000). The development and validation of the intercultural
sensitivity scale. Human Communication, 3(1), 1–15.
Cheng, Y. S. (2004). A measure of second language writing anxiety: Scale development and
preliminary validation. Journal of Second Language Writing, 13(4), 313–335.

Chirkov, V., Vansteenkiste, M., Tao, R., & Lynch, M. (2008). The role of self-determined
motivation and goals for study abroad in the adaptation of international students.
International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 32(4), 372–385.

Chowdhury, S. (2014). Learners’ foreign language speaking anxiety: A tertiary level scenario
in EFL class (Doctoral dissertation, BRAC University).

Clay, A. L. (2023). Foreign language proficiency in higher education: P. Winke & S. M. Gass
(Eds.). Educational Linguistics, 37(1), 127–130.
[Link]

De Costa, P. I., & Norton, B. (2017). Identity, language learning, and social change.
Multilingual Matters.

Deacon, T. W. (1997). The Symbolic Species: The Co-evolution of Language and the Brain.
WW Norton & Company.

Deardorff, D. K. (2006). Identification and assessment of intercultural competence as a student

outcome of internationalization. Journal of Studies in International Education, 10(3),
241–266.

d'Errico, F., Henshilwood, C., Lawson, G., Vanhaeren, M., Tillier, A. M., Soressi, M., Bresson,
F., Maureille, B., Nowell, A., Lakarra, J. A., Backwell, L. R., & Julien, M. (2003).
Archaeological evidence for the emergence of language, symbolism, and music–An
alternative multidisciplinary perspective. Journal of World Prehistory, 17(1), 1–70.

Dervin, F., & Liddicoat, A. J. (2013). Linguistics for intercultural education. John Benjamins
Publishing Company.

Derwing, T. M., & Munro, M. J. (2013). The development of L2 oral language skills in two L1
groups: A 7-year study. Language Learning, 63(2), 163–185.

Deveneyns, A., & Tummers, J. (2011). Secondary education degree: An inconclusive

determinant of written language proficiency in higher education. In ICERI2011
Proceedings (pp. 5695-5704). IATED Digital Library.
Dewaele, J. M. (2019). A plea for a multidisciplinary approach to research on multilingualism,
emotions, and well-being: Commentary on 'Language learners' anxiety: Affective
profiles and learning outcomes'. In R. P. Oxford & M. Gkonou (Eds.), Language
learners' anxiety: Affective profiles and learning outcomes (pp. 271-277). Multilingual
Matters.

Dewaele, J. M. (2019). Why the dichotomy 'L1 versus LX user' is better than 'native versus
non-native speaker'. International Review of Applied Linguistics in Language Teaching,
57(3), 271-278.

Dewaele, J. M., & Alfawzan, M. (2018). The effects of classroom anxiety and motivation on
foreign language achievement: A research synthesis. Applied Linguistics Review, 9(1),
47-73.

Dewaele, J. M., & MacIntyre, P. D. (2014). The two faces of Janus? Anxiety and enjoyment in
the foreign language classroom. Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching,
4(2), 237–274.

Dewaele, J.-M. (2018). Why do so many students on Erasmus get stressed? An empirical study.
Innovations in Education and Teaching International, 55(6), 586–596.
[Link]

Dewey, D. P., Belnap, R. K., & Steffen, P. (2018). Anxiety: Stress, foreign language classroom
anxiety, and enjoyment during study abroad in Amman, Jordan. Annual Review of
Applied Linguistics, 38, 140–161. [Link]

Dweck, C. S. (2006). Mindset: The new psychology of success. Random House.

Eckes, T., & Althaus, H.-J. (2020). Language Proficiency Assessments in Higher Education
Admissions. In M. E. Oliveri & C. Wendler (Eds.), Higher Education Admissions
Practices: An International Perspective (pp. 256–275). Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press.

Effiong, M. (2013). Factors influencing foreign language classroom anxiety: An investigation

of English learners in four Japanese universities (Doctoral dissertation, University of
Southampton).

Ellis, R. (2008). The study of second language acquisition (2nd Ed.). Oxford University Press.
Estrella, F. (2023). Foreign language anxiety of an Ecuadorian polytechnic university's English
undergraduate students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Applied Research in
Higher Education, 15(1), 169-184. [Link]

Fantini, A. (2009). Assessing intercultural competence: Issues and tools. In D. K. Deardorff

(Ed.), the SAGE Handbook of Intercultural Competence (pp. 456-476). SAGE
Publications, Inc. [Link]

Fantini, A. E. (2006). Exploring and assessing intercultural competence. Intercultural Press.

Fantini, A. E., & Tirmizi, A. (2006). Exploring and Assessing Intercultural Competence.
Multilingual Matters.

Freedman, N., & Pringle, I. (1984). The development of fluency in advanced learners of
French. In J. Handscombe, R. Orem, & B. Taylor (Eds.), On TESOL '84: A brave new
world for TESOL (pp. 165–177). TESOL.

Gardner, R. C. (1985). Social psychology and second language learning: The role of attitudes
and motivation. Edward Arnold.

Gardner, R. C., & MacIntyre, P. D. (1993). A student's contributions to second language

learning. Part II: Affective variables. Language Teaching, 26(1), 1-11.

Gass, S. M., & Selinker, L. (2008). Second language acquisition: An introductory course.
Routledge.

Gay, G. (2010). Culturally responsive teaching: Theory, research, and practice. Teachers
College Press.

Gholami Pasand, P., Amerian, M., Dowlatabadi, H., & Mohammadi, A. M. (2021). Developing
EFL learners' intercultural sensitivity through computer-mediated peer interaction.
Journal of Intercultural Communication Research, 50(6), 571–587.
[Link]

Gholami Pasand, P., Amerian, M., Dowlatabadi, H., & Mohammadi, A. M. (2021). Developing
EFL Learners’ Intercultural Sensitivity through Computer-Mediated Peer Interaction.
Journal of Intercultural Communication Research, 50(6), 571–587.
[Link]
Gkonou, C. (2011). Anxiety over EFL speaking and writing: A view from language classrooms.
Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching, 1(2), 267–281.
[Link]

Gkonou, C. (2011). Anxiety over EFL speaking and writing: A view from language classrooms.
Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching, 1(2), 267–281.
[Link]

Gregersen, T., & Horwitz, E. K. (2002). Language learning and perfectionism: Anxious and
non‐anxious language learners' reactions to their own oral performance. The Modern
Language Journal, 86(4), 562-570.

Hol, D., & Kasımi, Y. (2022). A growing dilemma: English speaking anxiety-in-EFL
classrooms: A review of research. RumeliDE Dil ve Edebiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi, (28),
421-438.

Horwitz, E. K. (2001). Language Anxiety and Achievement. Annual Review of Applied

Linguistics, 21, 112-126.

Horwitz, E. K., Horwitz, M. B., & Cope, J. (1986). Foreign language classroom anxiety. The
Modern Language Journal, 70(2), 125–132. [Link]
4781.1986.tb05256.x

Huang, H., & Ouyang, C. (2021). Foreign language proficiency in higher education: Edited by
Paula Winke and Susan M. Gass, Switzerland, Springer, 2019, vi + 314 pp., US$99.97
(paperback), ISBN 978-3-030-01005-8. Asia Pacific Journal of Education, 41(3), 631–
634. [Link]

Huang, H., & Ouyang, C. (2021). Review of Foreign language proficiency in higher education
edited by Paula Winke and Susan M. Gass. Asia Pacific Journal of Education, 41(3),
631–634. [Link]

Hulstijn, J. H. (2015). Language proficiency in native and non-native speakers: An agenda for
research and suggestions for second-language assessment. Studies in Second Language
Learning and Teaching, 5(2), 217-236.

Humphreys, P. (2015). English language proficiency in higher education: Student

conceptualisations and outcomes. Unpublished doctoral dissertation.) Griffith
University, Australia.
Jang, E., & Brutt-Griffler, J. (2019). Language as a bridge to higher education: A large-scale
empirical study of heritage language proficiency on language minority students'
academic success. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 40(4), 322–
337. [Link]

Jiang, M. (2023, October 30). Examining the influence of foreign language anxiety on
organizational strategies and foreign language proficiency in Chinese secondary EFL
learners. International Journal of Science and Research Archive, 10(01), 883–892.
[Link]

Kachru, B. B. (1992). The Other Tongue: English across Cultures. University of Illinois Press.

Karapetyan, M. (2020, May 31). Developing cultural sensitivity in EFL classes. Foreign
Languages in Higher Education/Otar Lezunerě Bardzraguyn Dprots’um.
[Link]

Kasper, G., & Rose, K. R. (2002). Pragmatic development in a second language. Language
Learning, 52(S1), 1–62.

Kim, Y. Y., & Elder, C. (2019). Intercultural communication: Perspectives from a multilingual
approach. Routledge.

Kimura, H. (2011). A self-presentational perspective on foreign language listening anxiety.

Temple University.

Kinginger, C. (2013). Identity and language learning in study abroad. Foreign Language
Annals, 46(3), 339-358. [Link]

Kissinger, C. (2004). Alice doesn't live here anymore: Foreign language learning and identity
reconstruction. In A. Pavlenko & A. Blackledge (Eds.), Negotiation of identities in
multilingual contexts (pp. 219-242). Multilingual Matters.

Knowles, M. (1995). [Review of Context and Culture in Language Teaching, by C. Kramsch].

The Modern Language Journal, 79(4), 565–566. [Link]

Kroll, J. F., & Bialystok, E. (2013). Understanding the consequences of bilingualism for
language processing and cognition. Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 25(5), 497–514.
Lee, J. J. (2010). Is cultural sensitivity an inherent concept in teaching English as an
international language? A study of Korean English teachers as non-native speakers of
English. Journal of Language, Identity & Education, 9(2), 117–132.

Lee, J. J. (2010). Is cultural sensitivity an inherent concept in teaching English as an

international language? A study of Korean English teachers as non-native speakers of
English. Journal of Language, Identity & Education, 9(2), 117–132.

Leong, F. T. L., & Ponterotto, J. G. (2003). Ethical issues in psychological assessment in

multicultural contexts. In J. M. Prieto (Ed.), Psychological assessment in multicultural
contexts (pp. 3-20). Sage.

Leong, F. T. L., & Ponterotto, J. G. (2003). Ethical issues in psychological assessment in

multicultural contexts. In J. M. Prieto (Ed.), Psychological assessment in multicultural
contexts (pp. 3–20). Sage.

Leong, F. T. L., Eggerth, D., & Reynolds, K. (2015). The role of cultural humility in racial and
ethnic diversity training. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 25(4),
401–410.

Liu, M., & Li, X. (2019, October 20). Changes in and Effects of Anxiety on English Test
Performance in Chinese Postgraduate EFL Classrooms. Education Research
International. [Link]

Liu, M., & Li, X. (2019, October 20). Changes in and Effects of Anxiety on English Test
Performance in Chinese Postgraduate EFL Classrooms. Education Research
International. [Link]

Liu, M., Huang, W., & Han, X. (2019). Development and validation of the cultural sensitivity
scale for medical students. BMC Medical Education, 19(1), 1–10.

Liu, M., Huang, W., & Han, X. (2019). Development and validation of the cultural sensitivity
scale for medical students. BMC Medical Education, 19(1), 1–10.
[Link]

MacIntyre, P. D., & Charos, C. (1996). Personality, attitudes, and affect as predictors of second
language communication. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 15(1), 3–26.

MacIntyre, P. D., & Mercer, S. (2014). Introducing positive psychology to SLA. Studies in
Second Language Learning and Teaching, 4(2), 153–172.
MacIntyre, P. D., Gregersen, T., & Mercer, S. (2019). Language learners’ anxiety: What have
we learned over 40 years? Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, 39, 96–116.
[Link]

MacIntyre, P. D., Gregersen, T., & Mercer, S. (2019). Setting an agenda for positive
psychology in SLA: Theory, practice, and research. Studies in Second Language
Learning and Teaching, 9(3), 449–467.

MacIntyre, P. D., Noels, K. A., & Clément, R. (1997). Biases in self-ratings of second language
proficiency: The role of language anxiety. Language Learning, 47(2), 265–287.

MacIntyre, P. D., Noels, K. A., & Clément, R. (1998). Biases in self-ratings of second language
proficiency: The role of language anxiety. Language Learning, 48(3), 533–564.

Meara, P. (1996). The dimensions of lexical competence. In G. Brown, K. Malmkjaer, & J.

Williams (Eds.), Performance and competence in second language acquisition (pp. 35–
53). Cambridge University Press.

Mendez, L. I., Ponce, I., & Trevino, E. (2020). Reimagining language learning and teaching:
Contributions of sociocultural theory and critical pedagogy. System, 90, 102215.

Moore, P. J., & Harrington, M. (2016). Fractionating English language proficiency: policy and
practice in Australian higher education. Current Issues in Language Planning, 17(3–4),
385–404. [Link]

Naeem, A. N., & Burgess, S. (2019). Developing intercultural competence in foreign language
learners: A pedagogical model. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development.

Norris, A. E., Ford, K., & Bova, C. (2012). Psychometrics of a brief acculturation scale for
Hispanics in a probability sample of urban Hispanic adolescents and young adults.
Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 34(4), 491–515.

Pavlenko, A., & Lantolf, J. P. (2000). Second language learning as participation and the
(re)construction of selves. In J. P. Lantolf (Ed.), Sociocultural theory and second
language learning (pp. 155–177). Oxford University Press.

Ran, C., Wang, Y., & Zhu, W. (2022). Comparison of foreign language anxiety based on four
language skills in Chinese college students. BMC Psychiatry, 22(1), 558.
[Link]
Routledge. Berry, J. W. (1997). Immigration, acculturation, and adaptation. Applied
Psychology, 46(1), 5–34.

Savignon, S. J. (2001). Communicative language teaching: Linguistic theory and classroom

practice. Cambridge University Press.

Shiozawa, T. (1994). Language Proficiency VS. Cultural Knowledge VS. Culture

Sensitivity. Language Laboratory, 31, 61-79.

Śliwa, M., Johansson, M. How non-native English-speaking staff are evaluated in linguistically
diverse organizations: A sociolinguistic perspective. J Int Bus Stud 45, 1133–1151
(2014). [Link]

Smith, B., & McGannon, K. R. (2018). Developing rigor in qualitative research: Problems and
opportunities within sport and exercise psychology. International Review of Sport and
Exercise Psychology, 11(1), 101–121.

Stringer, C., & Andrews, P. (2005). The complete world of human evolution. Thames &
Hudson. Anderson, G. D. S. (2008). The Indian languages of South America: A
comprehensive guide. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.

Tadmor, C. T., Tetlock, P. E., & Peng, K. (2009). Acculturation strategies and integrative
complexity: The cognitive implications of biculturalism. Journal of Cross-Cultural
Psychology, 40(6), 1059–1078.

Tanielian, A. R. (2014). Foreign language anxiety in a new English program in

Thailand. International Education Journal: Comparative Perspectives, 13(1).

Tantihachai, K. (2017). Foreign language anxiety in listening and speaking English in a Thai
EFL classroom. University of Exeter (United Kingdom).

Tercan, G., & Dikilitaş, K. (2015). EFL students’ speaking anxiety: a case from tertiary level
students. ELT Research Journal, 4(1), 16-27.

Tiwari, H. P. (2023). Speaking Proficiency of Bachelor Level First Year EFL Students. Voice:
A Biannual &Amp; Bilingual Journal, 15(2), 36–45.
[Link]

Tóth, Z. (2011). Foreign language anxiety and advanced EFL learners: An interview
study. WoPaLP, 5, 39-57.
Wang, Y.-C. (2009). Anxiety in English language learning: A case study of Taiwanese
university students on a study abroad program (Doctoral dissertation). University of
Leeds.

Ward, C. (2001). The ABCs of acculturation. In D. Matsumoto (Ed.), The handbook of culture
and psychology (pp. 411–445). Oxford University Press.

Ward, C., & Kennedy, A. (1999). The measurement of sociocultural adaptation. International
Journal of Intercultural Relations, 23(4), 659-677.

Wu, J.-F. (2016). Impact of Foreign Language Proficiency and English Uses on Intercultural
Sensitivity. International Journal of Modern Education and Computer Science
(IJMECS), 8(8), 28-35. [Link]

Young, D. J. (1991). Creating a low‐anxiety classroom environment: What does language

anxiety research suggest? The Modern Language Journal, 75(4), 426-439.

Zhang, L. J. (2001). ESL students' classroom anxiety.

Bibliography

American Psychological Association. (2020). Publication manual of the American

Psychological Association (7th Ed.). Washington, D.C., DC: American Psychological
Association.

Block, D. (2003). The social turn in second language acquisition. Edinburgh University Press.

Bose, S. (2006). A hundred horizons: The Indian Ocean in the age of global empire. Harvard
University Press.

Brutt-Griffler, J. (2002). World English: A study of its development. Multilingual Matters.

Byram, M. (1997). Teaching and assessing intercultural communicative competence.

Multilingual Matters.

Byram, M. (2008). From Foreign Language Education to Education for Intercultural

Citizenship: Essays and Reflections. Multilingual Matters.

Chapelle, C. A. (2001). Computer applications in second language acquisition: Foundations

for teaching, testing, and research. Cambridge University Press.
Chatterjee, P. (1993). The nation and its fragments: Colonial and postcolonial histories.
Princeton University Press.

Cheng, L. (2020). Language testing and assessment. Routledge.

Chomsky, N. (1957). Syntactic structures. Mouton

Crystal, D. (2012). English as a Global Language. Cambridge University Press.

Freed, B. (1995). Second language acquisition in a study abroad context. John Benjamins
Publishing.

Freire, P. (1970). Pedagogy of the oppressed. Continuum.

Genesee, F. (2008). Early bilingual development: One language or two?. Georgetown

University Press.

Gordon, R. G. (2005). Ethnologue: Languages of the World. SIL International.

Gregersen, T., & MacIntyre, P. D. (2014). Capitalizing on language learners' individuality:

From premise to practice. Multilingual Matters.

Gudykunst, W. B., & Kim, Y. Y. (2003). Communicating with strangers: An approach to

intercultural communication (4th Ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.

Hofstede, G. (1980). Culture's consequences: International differences in work-related values.

Sage.

Jackson, J. (2017). Intercultural journeys: From study abroad to starting a business. Palgrave
Macmillan.

Kenoyer, J. M. (1998). Ancient Cities of the Indus Valley Civilization. Oxford University
Press.

Kern, R. (2000). Literacy and language teaching. Oxford University Press.

Kramsch, C. (1993). Context and culture in language teaching. Oxford University Press.

Kramsch, C. (2011). Language and culture. Oxford University Press.

Krashen, S. (1982). Principles and practice in second language acquisition. Pergamon Press.

Lal, K. S. (2016). Indian Muslims: Who Are They. Voice of India.

Liddicoat, A. J., & Scarino, A. (2013). Intercultural language teaching and learning. Wiley-
Blackwell.

Nair, J. S. (1996). The Vernaculars and Education in Colonial India. Orient Blackswan.

Pedersen, P. (2015). The five stages of culture shock: Critical incidents around the world.
ABC-CLIO.

Rogers, E. M., & Steinfatt, T. M. (1999). Intercultural communication. Waveland Press.

Savignon, S. J. (1983). Communicative competence: Theory and classroom practice. Addison-

Wesley.

Saville-Troike, M. (2006). Introducing second language acquisition. Cambridge University

Press.

Selye, H. (1956). The stress of life. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.

Shohamy, E. (2006). Language Policy: Hidden Agendas and New Approaches. Routledge.

Thapar, R. (2013). The Penguin History of Early India: From the Origins to AD 1300. Penguin
Books India.

Ting-Toomey, S. (1994). Managing intercultural conflicts effectively. SAGE Publications.

Ward, C., Bochner, S., & Furnham, A. (2001). The psychology of culture shock (2nd ed.).

Webliography

Gordon, R. G., Jr. (2005). Ethnologue: Languages of the World (15th Ed.). SIL International.
[Link]

Goyal, S. (2021, November 16). What is Three-Language formula? A brief analysis.

[Link]. [Link]
formula-1600256605-1

Pradhan, S. (2022, October 4). Language Policy in India. ProjectStatecraft.

[Link] -policy-in-india.

Smith, A. (2017). What is cultural sensitivity? Retrieved from

[Link] Study of
Language Proficiency in Foreign Language Stress Research.
Three-language formula. (2023, October 1). Wikipedia. [Link]
language_formula

Wang, S., & Willard, E. (2022). The Relationship between Learning Styles, Study Effort and
English Language Proficiency in Chinese Middle Schools. Asian Journal Of Research In
Education And Social Sciences, 4(2), 209-219. Retrieved
from [Link]