VERB (BASIC) CHAPTER Verb art a APT Tafa #1 sa: verb ai ‘doing word’ ti Hei 1 Verb at at ait ¥ ater wt went F- Verb ———.42——— Helping Verb Main Verb Main verb # aria tS verbs #1 Ved @ Wi aaa We fen & ea We ata ZI Modals Primary Auxiliary Verbs of Main verb 3 rt Ht (Be, Do, Have} WR ‘vi Helping verb td Main ‘aa: Can, Could, May, etc. verb ai a ard at ad BI viz: Need, dare Ud used to (Marginal Auxiliary Verbs) Need 4 Dare modal t@ main verb @4i #1 ard i THe ZI Used to modal 4 adjective ¢Fi #1 4 Ft Tad ZI AUXILIARY VERBS: 4 verbs St 3121 verbs & Wa Waa Tid @ Auxiliary verbs #TCM #1 3% helping verbs “ft aI wa @1 MODAL AUXILIARY VERBS : Can, Could, May, Might, Shall, Will, Would, Should, Must, Ought to Modal Auxiliary Verbs #1 371 Wim faa helping verb & WU 4 #1 fT H GaRT ZI 1. (a) She can run_ fast. can, run Modal - MV. (}) You should study English. should study’ Modal AV. MARGINAL AUXILIARY VERBS : Used to, need, dare Marginal Auxiliary Verbs #1 4 0 Modals ¢ fare Wan a A Main Verb (need Ud dare) Sik adjective (used to) # waa id aed tta Iam usedto sleeping late at night. am, used to, SICEPINE, WV. “Aajestive | ~Gerund 2. (a) I need, you. mu. (b) You need, not come tomorrow. HY. Direct tive 3. (a) She does not dare, to come home late. MY. Inte (b) [Link] not enter his room without permission. Gare, enter BY. Direct iniive AUXILIARY VERBS & wo Te faa Rule (1): Modal Auxiliary Verbs #1 Ya Main Verbs & ®u 4 Ae tia #1 FaHT WNT Helping Verbs 4 64 4 Bim @1 aa: T ean lift, this box BY. MV He should work hard. should work, my. MV Rule (2): Modal Auxiliary verbs #1 V,, V,) V,, ing-form 4 s/es-form Wet tia G1 TH TANT TM Numbers #7 persons & Subjects & Wa FAM Ua Ht WU A sia BI Baia sam wT (form) 4 wid uicada wei tit #1 She canhelp you. vw You should understand you friends. rr Rule (3): Ought aa Used & az Infinitive ‘to + V,! a watt aa #1 wa: We ought to respect our parents. res He used to come late. tocome tory USE_OF MODAL AUXILIARY VERBS CAN ta COULD Rule (1): Can 4 FIM power ( Wife). ability (daar) Ta capacity (amet amar) wh afer wet fae fra Ht Could #1 WM Past ability/ power/ capacity ( waatct A araaaea erred ) al ora wel & fee fran sa #1 wa: 1. He can lift the box. 2. I eould not come yesterday. Rule (2): Can 4 WM permission ( armafa) 3-H ora ai Aftoraa Hew few fea sa 1. You can go now.Rule (3): Can #1 W417 theoretical possibility (tate ware ) FI atte Fe F fae ea wat #1 a: Everyone can make a mistake. Rule (4): Could &1 321 remote possibility aH HT fee frat SIT BI 3a: There could be a bomb under your seat. Rule (5): Can #1 wai ‘atearn fae’ ae are Wea are A farm aia & we Could ‘sitvenfca fae ee ad were are Wa: 1. Can I take your scooter? 2. Could I talk to Mr. Shukla? Note: ‘able to' a Waitt 'can/could’ & wer 4 wat Fife at maT TAA T1 I cannot be able to come tomorrow. (x) aie: ta a BH al area i superfluous 7H 24 #1 ‘superfluous’ # 3 # ‘more than what is needed’. 38 aR I Fel formation a- I cannot come tomorrow. (¥) I will not be able to come tomorrow. (¥) MAY, MIGHT ,oa MUST Rule (1): May 1 9am areata Barer a ora HTT a fore fern ara #1 3a: It may rain tonight. Rule (2): May 1 3m Zest a aad TATA & few optative sentence 4 za #1 a: May you live long ! Rule (3): af Principal clause Present Tense 4 @ 3m subordinate clause that/so that/ in order that 4 9M al 7 Sad purpose (3evq) HT AT el Gi subordinate clause # may HT Warm tia #1 Wa: We eat so that we may live. Rule (4): Might a Wit less possibility (aa Haren) @ sa Fl or HC B fer fen aa 2) Gah may &1 Waitt more possibility (Met Ware) Hwa al OTR HEH fete fen wie Bh 3a: He might pass the exam but seeing his intelligence, I do not have much hope. Rule (5): 30 BNET aed sts Ft ct Must at watt Hi | wa: He stays in five-star hotels and travels by flight. He must be very rich. Rule (6): 'May' #1 aT Ta S ae fae we S fore wee aaa A fra ae BI 3a: May I come in sir? wie: May va Might & wa 'Possibly' Va ‘likely’ a watt a at Fife si weer wad BI We may possibly come tomorrow. (x) (Superfluous) We may come tomorrow. (¥) We will possibly come tomorrow. (¥)SHALL ,oa WILL Rule (1): Shall #1 Wan first person & Subjects I/We # 17 future & fendt cart wl erat we: > aa: wie: att & fer fra arm #1 arat subjects & Are ‘will’ aT wT WaT wT | I shall go to college tomorraw and he will come with me. Modern English 4 #4 'T' wa ‘we’ @ We ‘will! Hl WAM Hl Twa eT sa Her é ahs interrogative sentence % 374 “ft 'l' wa ‘we' F We ‘shall’ #1 WaT tial 1 Will 1 go? (*) Shall I go? (V) Shall & Wal second person H Subject - you aM third person % Subjects - He, she, it, they, @ WW command (37a¥), promise (aTaT) threat (sat), determination (4% Waet ), compulsion ( atfardar) Ud Advice (AeTe ) cit CaaT TA & fore fan sr &) eA ware S area H will aT WaT I wa We & ara shan f1 (a) Command ( 3787) You shall leave the room at once. Promise ( wftst/arat ) You shall be awarded. I will help you come what may. Threat ( Hat) Trespassers shall be prosecuted. I will punish you. (d) Determination (= Wad) I will work hard and score good marks. {e) Compulsion ( atfrardat) You shall be here for the meeting. I will have to finish this work. (b) (c) Rule (2): Let us/ let’s & re #14 let Imperative sentences & question tags 4 wt ‘shall’ =r aa: seat een 21 Let us dance together, shall we ? Rule (3): Shall #1 V4" suggestions (qerai ) HI Gia HCI ale Interrogative sentence % aa: ate: aa: first person & subjects th Wa Fra @ Shall we talk to the management? ‘Shall’ Gi ‘will!’ q vit Frafaiad yan & are Fadi zie B- 1, 30 are past @ ore #i- He hoped that he wilt would pass the test. am are past @ YE et ct Will/ shall’ +i ‘would/ should’ a yal er ware 4 fer aa ft am a @ 3a 'will/shall' # AH iE ak Modal 7 verb #1 Far Ban BlWa: He said that he is was coming. 2. amd ard afar ¥ ve & ae we a okt at ard ued an SAA we Pek at a cee zard Simple Present Tense 4 im sit ARNT simple future tense W | 7 fet A English Translation FO #1 sea tht & fraat aie S oA Ves Hr wt Ht simple future F ya mae Sa: am Farsi ah any & faci If I will come, I will meet you. (*) If come, I will meet you. (Y) > «= frefafad wei a 2a) ga Ga aK simple future tense a wa Tet ea & afes simple present tense #1 Wim état @1 If, as soon as, in case, provided, unless, until, before, after, when. (Conditional Sentence Chapter 2@) WOULD Rule (1): Would #7 Wim Past habit # saat HWE & feu fra wa Z1 Ga: I would go to school by bus. Rule (2): Would’ #1 Wm ‘preference’ (aaa Matter ) UT ‘choice’ (UH /AT ) il OF HT & fore fran ore 81 ae: 8 are F rather! a A wan ata #1 Ga: He would rather die than beg. Role (3): 27K @vet HT BNET Past @ #t ai aay at Past ¥ #1 WM six ‘Will’ HT Past Tense "Would' tm #1 a: He hoped that he wil! would pass. Rule (4): 'Would’, ‘used to’ U7 ‘Simple Past tense’ di Gt WaT Aaa H Routine Action at ast & few of fen ara #1 a: Lused to go to school by bus. Iwould return on foot. We played for hours before used to+ Vy ‘would + ¥; ye returning home. Rule (5): Would #1 ¥4r Present WI Past & tt Heel ht AaT HLA aTel Alea H principal clause Haat Ga: If I were a bird, I would fly in the sky. de: am oe areatren ue a Safa a at ae subjects Wa were HH WaT Hil ‘Wa:1 wish, I were a bird. frofafan wel 8 are & areottes ei a ansre eit 81 Faas ea was’ a WaT wet ehM wa: Iwish, as though, if, as if, would that U¢ suppose. Rule (6):'Would' #1 Yan 'will' & Past form # © 4 Indirect speech W eat 21 Wa: He said, “He will go there.” (Direct) He said that he would go there. (Indirect)Rule (7): Would #1 341 Polite request #1 Sad HEF fare wears are A iat 21 aa: Would you help me ? Rule (8): Would 4 Wim Probability (arent) Ht Oa HE S few fan aH F1 wa: He would be sleeping. Rule (9): Would a WaM wish (saat) at or He fare fen arm #1 aa: I wish, India would become a developed country soon. Rule (10):'Would like to’ #1 Yam ‘i wish (Zar) Fi or HA SF few gia ZI wa: I would like to talk to the manager SHOULD Rule (1): Should #1 34M suggestion (Wem) 23 & few fan wa ZI 3: You should study English. Rule (2): ‘Should’ #1 wit ‘advice’ 4 # wa Fl Stad BEI | few fran aT ZI #8: You should not laugh at his mistakes. Rule (3): Should #1 Wir lest H ae negative purpose ( 7HNTeH TIT) Ht Aa HT GH fe fea srt aa: He ran fast lest he should miss the train. a2: lest & Wa Simple present tense a wt watt Ht Wat #1 #8: Take care lest you fall. OUGHT TO Rule (1): Ought to 1 a moral obligation (Aftm Hier) Tt duty Ht or eT few fara IT ZI 3: We ought to love our country. MUST Rule (1): Must #1 32" compulsion ( ateqat) a oat HE F few fad GMa #1 3a: Candidates must write in ink. Rule (2): Must 1 Wai fixed determination ( Waa SUa1/ae Wares) Hl a HT & few fea aI 1 3: India must win the world cup. Rule (3): Must 4 Wa duty (arior) Fl oat HET & fer fran se 1 wa: A soldier must fight for his country. USED TO Used to #1 aM Past habit/situation ( Wena St STAT /aTaEMT ) Hl SIT HT F Ferd fra orm #1 wa: He used to study till 10 PM. (ii) "Use to’ or ‘uses to’ af Wart Present routine action Ht Aaa & few Aa ATs eH(c) aie: wa: ae: a aa: Present routine action #1 OF ST # fav Simple Present Tense #1 ar ea BI He uses to study till 10 p.m and then goes to bed. (x) He studies till 10 p.m and then goes to bed. ”) (i) Used to a7 Wim affirmative, negative aut Interrogative sentences 4 34 WHR tid 1 aa: Affirmative He used to come here. Negative He used not to come here. He did not use to come here. Interrogative Used he to come here? Did he use to come here? : ‘Verb + used to! #4 'V, + ing’ HI Wa Gat € sik 4 ‘habitual action’ Hi wim #1 Iam used to getting up late in the morning. Tine a Verbs/adjective/phrase % 1 'to’ yan tia #1 7ef to Bara V, ar wet ae ein afee 'V, + ing’ #1 3am erm Be used to, accustomed to, averse to, with a view to, addicted to, devoted to, in addition to, look forward to, object to, owing to, given to, taken to, prone to. 1. He is addicted to smoking. 2. 1am looking forward to meeting you. 3. He was used to driving on the right when he was in London. DARE ,caNEED > > aa: v ‘Dare’ GHIeG OUR HU # ain 'Need' WET! Dare Tat Need @ Wa Main Verb va modal dri # Ha H tim 1 (1) He needs me. needs wv (2) She does not dare to go there. wv (3) You need, not come tomorrow. “eda Need wsDare swt modal ey ove mel (1) JL need help im. &) a “podal YO (2) I need tohelp him. (Y) MeV ntti> TR ‘dare’ Wi ‘need’ 41 VAM +ve aad F a ct Saw AK to + V,' HT Wan tia ZI wa: (1) He needs to work hard. (2) He will not dare to come here. > am need dare & WIM helping verb H 374 #1 Gi -ve ate F need Va dare H aa ‘to! ar yam Al tra! wa: (1) I meed not come tomorrow. (2) He dare not cheat anyone again. Praaa cart & fie Prevfefiad Modals a war frat wat #- [Gan [Friendly request | [May Request with respect Would [Polite Request fafitx Ie Ta Voice A Modals 21e1-31eTl formulae # weet Ha #1 Ate fae ae areal H src wart Sa: Can Take your bike? (Could I talk to Mr. Sing May I come in Sir? [Would you help me? MODALS ACTIVE VOICE PASSIVE VOICE [Sub+modal+V,+obj. (Obj + modal + be + V, + by + sub. Continuous [Sub + modal + be + V, + ing + obj. | xxxxx Perfect Sub + modal + have + V, + obj. _ | Obj + modal + have + been + V, + by + sub. Perfect Continuous [SUD * modal * have + been *V. | esx + ing + obj + for / since + time. > ar fea 74 BH formulae F 2al 379 WH fF Modal th Wa aa verb HI WaT 'V,' form Baar # > Modals #1 Wm 'Perfect' 4 4 few 74 formula 4 28 sin Sam fasts ard ft see Fea) Sub + modal + have +V, + ol > ¥8 UN Va FH Modal + have + V, #1 wim ava #, (SH: should have come, could have gone, need not have seen seme) a aay Hue fou wan ard Hi dao Wl aaa S att S feratta tit 1 3a: (1) Teould score good marks. (Meaning-I had the ability) (2) I could have scored good marks. (Hidden meaning -I didn’t score though I had the ability) (3) You should work hard. (Just a suggestion)@ Gi) e (4) You should have worked hard. (Hidden Meaning - You didn't) PRIMARY AUXILIARY VERBS: Do, Have, Be Primary Auxiliary Verbs 814 verbs I Wim Main Verb Ud Helping Verb ait #1 wa 4 fre HT Aad ZI 1. Do & forms 38 YER @-Do/ Does Bid Done yO 5 (a) 1 do my work. av. (b) Idid notknow him, HY. MV. Has/have Had Had 2. Have & forms Fa Fan #0 Mv aa ad Have #1 Yam possession ( atftrart) cuit & fer fan aim 21 I havea car. have, mV. Have #1 YN ‘helping verb' # © 4 Perfect Ud Perfect continuous tense 4 @al @1 (a) I have not seen, him. WW oM. (b) I had been waiting for him for a long time. WW. Ne Have + infinitive 4 32M forced action (cara ¥ ferar wrt are cared ) Saha | fer fered ST BI {a) T have to work hard. (b) She had to leave her job. Be, is,am,are was, were been 3. Be % forms 58 WHR @ 2 % vy vy 3 HV. wa M. Vv. & 80 8 srr var ta (a) I am_a doctor cag (b) He was working hard. HV MV (}) He hag been to London. wv MW MAIN VERB MAIN VERBS: 4 Verbs sil Sentence 4 Main verbs $ 6 4 94H Gia @ ait farts V,, V,, V,, ing-form, aut s/es-form area % yaad Ha # Main verb arent Bt I know you. % 1 knew you. ve Ihave known you for two years. ¥, s> ‘Main verb’ area & tense & smart fafa forms # uftafia ti #1 FORMS OF VERB 1. Present (1* form) 2. Past (2™ form) 3. Past Participle (3" form) 4. Present Participle (-ing form) GROUP - I Present ad Past P. Participle -ing Form s/es Form (1* Form) (2 Form) (3" Form) Arise sen arose arisen arising arises Awake =I awoke awaken awaking awakes Be aw was, were been being is/was Bear wa a bore born bearing bears Bear We aa bore borne bearing bears Become aa became become becoming — becomes Begin ann ee began begun beginning begins Bite aia a aren bit bitten biting bites Blow wl FI WI blew blown blowing blows Bind aera bound bound binding binds Bid ait avait wT «= bade bidden. bidding bids Break wen broke broken breaking breaks Choose 7 chose chosen choosing chooses Cling farea clung clung clinging _—_clings Come arn came come coming comes Dig aa dug dug digging digs Do 77 did done doing does Draw dia drew drawn drawing draws Drink ir drank drunk drinking drinks Drive ar drove driven driving drives Eat am ate eaten eating eats Fall fret fell fallen falling falls Find 1 found found finding finds Fly 3a, SAI flew flown flying flies Forbid TA FAT forbade forbidden forbidding _ forbids Forget We arr forgot forgotten forgetting forgets Freeze aT froze frozen freezing freezes Get I got got getting gets Give a gave given giving gives Grind via ground ground grinding grinds Grow 7a, TA grew grown growing grows Hang wear hung hung hanging _hangsHide femvism Hold. oar Know I Lie den Ride wat Fo Ring IT Rise sar See wa Shake fear Shine eT Shoot Wet FeV eh A Shrink forest Sing 7 Sink = Sit aon Slay a4 eH Speak art Spit ol Stand we tr Steal aH Stick fara Strike dle WEY EErIe FE Swear wae a Swim a Swing aa Take wa Tear IEA Wear Ter Weave Ca] Win sien Wind at 7 Write fora Wring frist hid hidden. held held knew known lay lain rode ridden rang rung rose risen saw seen shook shaken shone shone shot shot shrank shrunk sang sung sank sunk sat sat slew slain spoke spoken spat spat stood stood stole stolen stuck stuck struck struck swore sworn swam swum swung swung took taken tore torn wore worn wove woven won won wound wound wrote written wrung wrung GROUP - IL hiding holding knowing lying riding ringing rising seeing shaking shining shooting shrinking singing sinking sitting slaying speaking spitting standing stealing sticking striking swearing swimming swinging taking tearing wearing weaving winning winding writing wringing hides holds knows lies rides rings rises sees shakes shines shoots shrinks sings sinks sits slays speaks spits stands steals sticks strikes swears swims swings takes tears wears weaves wins winds writes wrings re feu my Verbs % 2" form Ud 3“ form aH BaF Bit 1" form F ed, en saa t erred 2°4 ua 3 form ae 7a #1 Present aie Past (1* Form) (2" Form) Abuse Tet avert ee abused Act am arvatira ae acted P. Participle 3" Form) abused acted -ing Form s/es Form abusing acting abuses actsAdd Admire Advise Allow Answer Appoint Appear Arrive Arrest Ask Attack Bark Bathe Beg Believe Behave Bleed Bless Break Bring Boil Boast Borrow Build Burn Buy Call Carry Catch Clean Close Change Check Climb Clap Copy Collect Complain Cook Count Confuse san a zary frat ac SRI / SICA ao ae ETT aq aT Teavaia aT aet ar Tea ao Te FH Peer eT seer A sta a1 added admired advised allowed answered appointed appeared arrived arrested asked attacked barked bathed begged believed behaved bled blessed broke brought boiled. boasted borrowed built burnt bought called carried caught cleaned closed changed checked climbed clapped copied collected complained cooked counted confused added admired advised allowed answered appointed appeared arrived arrested asked attacked barked bathed begged believed behaved bled blessed broken, brought boiled boasted borrowed built burnt bought called carried caught cleaned closed changed checked climbed clapped copied collected complained cooked counted confused adding admiring advising allowing answering appointing appearing arriving arresting asking attacking barking bathing begging believing behaving bleeding blessing breaking bringing boiling boasting borrowing building burning buying calling carrying catching cleaning closing changing checking climbing clapping copying collecting complaining cooking counting confusing adds admires advises allows answers appoints appears arrives arrests asks attacks barks bathes begs believes behaves bleeds blesses breaks brings boils boasts borrows builds burns buys calls carries catches cleans closes changes checks climbs claps copies collects complains cooks counts confusesConsult Cover Crow Cross Creep Cry Decorate Dance Deceive Defeat Decide Desire Discover Dip Die Divide Dream Dry Drown Dye Earn Enter Employ Explain Face Fail Fear Feed Feel Fell Flee Fight Finish Fine Float Graze Gather Have Hate Hang or OH Ta 4a (Fae TRE FAVE TAVIS A yon eT erat PIT consulted covered crowed crossed crept cried decorated danced deceived defeated decided desired discovered dipped died divided dreamed dried drowned dyed earned entered employed explained faced failed feared fed felt felled fled fought finished fined floated grazed gathered had hated hanged consulted covered crowed crossed crept cried decorated danced deceived defeated decided desired discovered dipped died divided dreamed dried drowned dyed earned entered employed explained faced failed feared fed felt felled fled fought finished fined floated grazed gathered had. hated hanged consulting covering crowing crossing creeping crying decorating dancing deceiving defeating deciding desiring discovering dipping dying dividing dreaming drying drowning dyeing earning entering employing explaining facing failing fearing feeding feeling felling fleeing fighting finishing fining floating grazing gathering having hating hanging consults covers crows crosses creeps cries decorates dances deceives defeats decides desires discovers dips dies divides dreams dries drowns dyes earns enters employs explains faces fails fears feeds feels fells flees fights finishes fines floats grazes gathers has hates hangsHear Help Improve Invite Join Jump Keep Kill Knit Kneel Lay Lie Laugh Learn Leave Lend Lose Like Listen Look Live Love Lead Marry Make Mean Meet Move Melt Mend Mix Name Need Nip Obey Open Order Oppose Pay TET TN gure teat er Frat a aa Far. a= am 8 FET yet $ aa aan Te (set) ST IER TT ae aera 7 SE. SSA aren (4 a) heard helped improved invited joined jumped kept killed knitted knelt laid lied laughed learned left lent lost liked listened looked lived loved led married made meant met moved melted mended. mixed named needed nipped obeyed opened ordered opposed paid heard helped improved invited joined jumped kept killed knitted knelt laid lied laughed learned left lent lost liked listened looked lived loved led married made meant met moved melted mended mixed named needed nipped obeyed opened ordered opposed paid hearing helping improving inviting joining jumping keeping killing knitting kneeling laying lying laughing learning leaving lending losing liking listening looking living loving leading marrying making meaning meeting moving melting mending mixing naming needing nipping obeying opening ordering opposing paying hears helps improves invites joins jumps keeps kills knits kneels lays lies laughs learns leaves lends loses likes listens looks lives loves leads marries makes means meets moves melts mends mixes names needs nips obeys opens orders opposes paysPlay Pray Praise Preach Peep Plant Pluck Prepare Pull Prevent Punish Prove Promise Push Plough Quarrel Rain Reply Reach Receive Refuse Rest Resign Repair Remember Return Roar Say Seek Sell Save Saw Send Select Sleep Stand Stay Spend Stop am played weft aT prayed weet aT praised se FM preached wit peeped Gen eT planted aera Ga Tete) plucked et AA prepared dia pulled a7 prevented as tH punished fas aa proved Comal promised RR OI pushed waa Sita ploughed wen quarrelled ani aa rained sat replied a reached UI, WA AT received Far oN refused aR el rested Ta resigned Td aT repaired aR aT remembered ern. cen returned 7 roared 7 said ail EVEs ~— sought Ca sold wart saved am 4 i sawed ra sent rl (BER) selected awa slept ae i stood sem stayed wi aa spent 77 stopped played prayed praised preached peeped planted plucked prepared pulled prevented punished proved promised pushed ploughed quarrelled rained replied reached received refused rested resigned repaired remembered returned roared said sought sold saved sawed sent selected slept stood stayed spent stopped playing praying praising preaching peeping planting plucking preparing pulling preventing punishing proving promising pushing ploughing quarrelling raining replying reaching receiving refusing resting resigning repairing remembering returning roaring saying seeking selling saving sawing sending selecting sleeping standing staying spending stopping plays prays praises preaches peeps plants plucks prepares pulls prevents punishes proves promises pushes ploughs quarrels rains replies Teaches receives refuses rests resigns repairs remembers returns roars says seeks sells saves saws sends selects sleeps stands stays spends stopsSweep aga swept swept sweeping sweeps Study we studied studied studying _ studies Slip frat slipped slipped slipping slips Talk an Fe talked talked talking talks Tell well told told telling tells Teach TeRVivar taught taught teaching teaches Think wa thought thought thinking thinks Tie aera tied tied tying ties Touch a touched touched touching touches Try WI TAT tried tried trying tries Trust favara on trusted trusted trusting trusts Use Tae TH used used using ‘uses Understand 4a understood understood understanding understands Walk = walked walked walking walks Wash um washed washed washing washes Wait Wien FT waited waited waiting waits Weep wn wept wept weeping weeps Work =m aH worked worked working works Watch fame aon watched. watched watching —_ watches Wish =e wished wished wishing wishes Wander Yl wandered wandered wandering wanders Waste We +o wasted wasted wasting wastes Wed feats Hen wedded wedded wedding weds Wound = Waa ee wounded wounded wounding — wounds Worship Wt worshipped worshipped worshipping worships Wonder = ®t wondered — wondered wondering wonders Wrap wie wrapped wrapped wrapping wraps Yield wey tt FoI yielded yielded yielding yields GROUP - III ara few mW Verbs & Wit forms TH Va #1 Present ad Past P. Participle -ing Form s/es Form (1* Form) (2 Form) (3 Form) Bid ate ara bid bid bidding bids Bet wi 7 bet bet betting bets Burst wen burst burst bursting bursts Cast Saver cast cast casting casts Cost qe rT cost cost costing costs Cut wen cut cut cutting cuts Hurt Wer wart hurt hurt hurting hurtslet put read set shed shut spread thrust quit letting lets putting puts reading reads setting sets shedding sheds shutting shuts spreading spreads thrusting _ thrusts quitting quits * Read Ud Study 4 aft #1 Study aT are ateaqet UT # Tals Read 7H Magazine, CONFUSING PAIR Let aa let Put m7 put Read ven * read Set Stet Er set Shed aerVve ef shed Shut ae eT shut Spread warn spread Thrust Seaveiren thrust Quit sien quit newspaper Safa ait Gta #1 1, Bear bore born Bear bore borne 2. Fall fell fallen Fell felled felled 3. Find found found Found —_ founded founded 4. Grind ground ground Ground grounded —_—_ grounded. 5. Hang hanged hanged Hang hung hung 6. Lie lied lied Lie lay lain Lay laid laid 7. Rend rent rent Rent rented rented 8. Rise rose risen Raise raised raised Raze razed razed 9. See saw seen Saw sawed sawed/sawn 10. Wind wound wound Wound wounded wounded 11. Fly flew flown, Flow flowed flowed bbbbbddldide aa weld FAI fren fre 77 wait Fe te a TORY JER NT Wad wT wel & Er OM, Tear we ae wet fs (Horizontally) TT > AEA ET Lldddbdddse ‘Hens lay eggs frm tH SeMt (AR. Wer eeae) Se ATT tan amt a stay aren aieay wey art IT oa Fel sen ren10. VERBS CONFUED WITH VERB/ NOUN/ ADJECTIVE Practice - Practise Practice Non verb Fu - AST ae Advice - Advise aevice aos Noun verb 1 4 wae - | Wee a Complain - Complaint CTT Neb Neon fram eer - fered Affect - Effect obese Set Vet Noun/ Ve aR BeI- VOM ae A Assure - Ensure - Insure Assure Ensure insure Verb Verb Verb t t t waeeh or - affrad een - dtm eer Hear - Listen verb. Verb + 4 w- aaa Heal - Heel, Heal, Heel, Verb Noun t tL ate a - we (a a HH) Prescribe - Proscribe Prescribe Proscribe Verb Verb + t waren - wad Adopt - Adapt - Adept a = Verb Verb Aaj 1 + Y wie wat - arm - fm Allude - Elude Allude Verb Verb t t aaitsdaam- aa ll. 12. 13. 14, 15. 16. 17. 18. 19, 20. Amend - Emend Amend Emend Verb Verb 4 + aes ae - safe faa oa Bought — Brought —_ ee — V, & Vy format buy YANG fosmot bring 4 wien - am Compose - Comprise Verb Verb t t rT - Fam Deface - Efface Verb Verb t 4 fara - fra Deprecate - Depreciate = Verb Verb + 4 ares eT - ae eH er Envelop - Envelope Verb Noun + t wal (are en) - ferarm Excite - Incite Verb Verb + + Tif SH - ASErT Flout - Flaunt Flout Flaunt vero verb + 4 Terr wen - fart HoT Hoard - Horde ae on ve ein fou ata Se int a are Loathe - Loath Veo Tee eT21, - Loose 28, Wave - Waive ag NounjVer ven - aa wet (N)/ Tew (V)- oe a Mitigate - Militate - —E_ SS 29. Tow, - Toe - Tiptoe 22. vere Verb veo Nan aoa % v Tek Hen (a aH) - itera eT - ‘ “ are . 93, Pour Pore aia at ci ort — Rai sinter - hat aiqferal Verb Noun qa + oy ort is 30. Site, - Sight - Cite fox Noun ‘Noun Verb 24, Proceed — Precede ‘ + ‘ Proceed Precede vege vg Frater eat - aera a efte - secia aA ama - awd an 31. Defuse - Diffuse 25. Pray Prey i a ve vep Nan we eT ea - | Fa wen ae - fre ae fran 32, _Desert__, ~ Dessert Noun Verb Noun 26. Rout - Route - Root t t vee Nem neta Via Trt I - Meals & az HI sweet dish sreri & erm - Ten - 3S 33. Sever - Severe - Sewer 27. Censure — Censor Verb ‘Adj Noun Verb Verb + + ¥ i me aeeamae-da - aa Fie eT - Wet a 34. See - Look, - Stare - Peep - Glare/Glower - Glance - Glimpse Verb —_VerbjNoun. ‘Verb ‘Verb VerbjiNown VerbjNoun un + t + + 1 + + SGT — GAIA Ser - wav) = TES SEY) UH Ber AAV) UH Be BEAT (Vy) Appearance(N)- as S VAY) AAG FE AN) Ta eT (N) - UH FeA(N) 35. Light - Burn, ‘Adj Noun Verb Verb Noun t + t + t went tert wafer ae Fert | Fe Ba AMT CIR HT) 36. Catch - Hold. Vere }iioun verb fons feat afavia ei vet (V)- sed sé dist at aT (Vv) WHE (N) ‘Wee (N)37. Canvass - Canvas . S canvas veo Nowa wae hate air - cher aver (fared wa wa Ze aaa 8) 38. Refuse - Deny /Refute - Decline Seease - as ween Verb Verb Verb 4 L t wee - Ge TT aha HoT wa tT 39, Peddle - Pedal Verb Noun/Verb way FWA Se - UUsfaet 8 fra wk we ae eM #1 (N), Pedal WaT (V) 40. Ride - Drive Verb/Noun: Verb/Noun + + & (N) / aafea a aa at Tart Her (V) - FN) / aK Vea BT Bat wet (Vv) 41, Wither - Weather - Whether - Whither Verb N Conj. Adj. tL + 4 L germ - feeshi are - a... TT - | Where (met) [QA ae a [Whether .. of Co-reative #) ast ara 1 42. Sink - Drown Verb Verb L t Sa (fia a) - «=SaRverh 43. Cease - Seize 44. Invent - Discover Verb Verb Vem verb + 4 + 4 wrt - wa ao afar eT - am ae 32 UnsihagsdDmenmijer Wisadcizkeme he a: 1. The servant hung the picture on the wall Tanged 2. Lay your books aside and lie down to rest. dad 3. Practice makes a man perfect. 4. Practise the questions given in the assignment.5. Ineed your advice. Noun 6. Donot advise me. ‘Verb 7 have lodged acomplaint against him. —_ Nown 8. Hecomplained against me. oe verb 9, Bad weather affects your health and the eect is cough and cold. vert 10. Many songs are not worthlistening to (3: isten # 3K ‘to! wl Wi ear Sos ‘worthlistening’ (Gi # ah) F Be Fell Ba: 'to’ Fel 1 11. He lighted the candle and burnt the papers. 12. The thief eluded arrest. eluded Verb 13. The earth's atmosphere comprises of three layers ( Active voice 4 comprise Ae ‘of sr WaT AMT Be Ba: ‘of Fete) 14. Mirabai composed many songs. 15. I refused to help him. 16. The thief denied the charges. 17. I declined the offer. 18. Silence precedes the storm. 19, This is a good site for school. 20. Please cite an example. SPOTTING THE ERROR {a) He was so inquisitive/ (b) that he rose many/ (c) questions in the class ./ (d) No error. {a) He was borne of poor parents,/ (b) but brought up/ (c) in an affluent family./ (d) No error. {a) The university was/ (b) found in 1950/ (c) when India was not self dependent in many aspects./ (d) No error. {a) I complaint against him/ (b) as in spite of my repeated warnings/ (c) he failed to mend his ways./ (d) No error. {a) Failure must not have/ (b) permanent affect on a person/ (c)because only the tough survives./ (d) No error. {a) I keep my cool/ (b) and never loose my temper/ (c) even when provoked/ (d) No error. (a) He lied on the grass/ (b) for hours/ (c) enjoying the cool breeze./ (d) No error. (a) During the rainy season/ (b) many rivers overflew their banks/ (c) and caused great difficulty./ (d) No error. (a) He lay his luggage/ (b) aside and lay down/ (c) to rest for a while ./ (d) No error.(a) When calamity fell the village,/ (b) they faced it/ (c) bravely./ (d) No error. (a) The assassin was convicted/ (b] and ordered to/ (c) be hung./ (d) No error. (a) If] leave now, / (b) I will not be able to/ (c) return back before 9 p.m ./ (d) No error. (a) When the company offered him a purse on his retirement/ (b) he refused to/ (c) agree it ./ (d) No error. (a) The timid creature was driven/ (b) into a narrow lane/ (c) where it was slewed by the kidnapper. (d) No error. (a) Being implicated in a murder case,/ (b) he was conclusively suspected/ (c) for all the unsovled murder cases./ (d) No error. (a) My brother thinks/ (b) that somebody must have dared/ (c) him steal the scooter. / (d) No error. (a) When I was young,/ (b) I can run/ (c) faster than Mohan./ (d) No error. (a) Harish needs not/ (b) come here/ (c) as it is getting dark./ (d) No error. (a) He dare/ (b) not to/ (c) go there/ (d) No error. (a) Luse to/ (b) play Hockey/ (c) when I was ten year old./ (d) No error. (a) A soldier/ (b) could fight/ (c) for his country and save his country's honour./ (d) No error. (a) I would rather/ (b) die/ (c) then beg./ (d) No error. (a) Run fast/ (b) lest you/ (c) will miss the train/ (d) No error. (a) He hoped/ (b) that he will/ (c) pass the exam with flying colours./ (d) No error. (a) You need to work hard/ (b) but you need not/ (c) to waste time on unimportant lessons/ (d) No error. (a) She would broke/ (b) a plate every day/ (c) when she came to Delhi last month./ (d) No error. (a) The old lady/ (b) prayed that he/ (c) may live long./ (d) No error. (2) Rama must not to/ (b) have treated his mistress/ (c) like that./ (d) No error. (2) Waste material/ (b) should be recycle/ (c) if possible/ (d) No error. (a) The Government cannot/ (b) be able to contain/ (c) Encephalitis by spending just 1% of GDP on Health sector./ (d) No error. (2) The police think/ (b) that he may be there/ (c) yesterday at the scene of crime./ (d) No error. (2) "He may live long’/ (b) his sad mother/ (c) prayed./ (d) No error. (a) He returned the purse/ (b) though he could keep/ (c) it very easily./ (d) No error. (2) When you were young/ (b) you ought to learn/ (c) good habits./ (d) No error. (a) Ifyou get good marks/ (b) I shall happy/ (c) as much as you./ (d) No error. (2) We ought to/ (b) honest/ (c) in our dealings. / (d) No error. (a) It is very cold here/ (b) I should bring/ (c) my woolen clothes but I didn't. / (d) No error. (a) Are you/ (b) used to get/ (c) up early./ (d) No error. (a) Our knowledge of history does not come to our help/ (b) and sometimes we even fail to remember/ (c) who invented America./ (d) No error. (a) I think/ (b) the news/ (c) might true./ (d) No error.41. (a) Very soon/ (b) I realised/ (c) that he is at fault/ (d) No error. 42. (a) He remembered/ (b) that his visa/ (¢) will be expired in a month/ (d) No error. 43. (a) I wasn’t/ (b) at the last meeting and/ (c) neither was you/ (d) No error. 44, (a) In any case no disciplinary action/ (b) are required/ (c) to be taken/ (d) No error. 45. (a) The capital of Yemen/ (b) is situating/ (c) 2190 metres above the sea level/ (d) No error. 46. (a) Owing to the heavy rains,/ (b) the ship drowned/ (c) in the middle of the ocean./ (d) No error. 47. (a) Ifyour jogging clothes/ (b) were not made off (c) permeable fabric you will drown/ (d) in your sweat. Answers with explanation 1. (b) ‘rose’ (rise #1 V,) #1 arf @ ‘sea’ ‘ws Tara Ser’ S fw ‘raised many questions #1 War SU 2, (a) Bear’ (41 ST) FV, 'born’ Bat Z) ‘Bear! (HEA BAI) HI V, ‘borne’ sat 2) 3. (db) found’ tm & founded’ a wan Bil ‘found’ (enfed HEN) HIV, founded wat #1 4, (a) Complain (V,) #1 V, @ V,'Complained’ @1 ‘Complaint’ (Noun) 41 at ferred #1 5. (b) ‘Affect’ (V) @ 77 R'effect’ (N) a1 war Si) 6. (b) loose’ (adj.) a sei & ‘Zien’! Fei Lose (V) HI Want Hitt ‘Lose my temper’ a ae # ‘aT a) 7. (a) Tie’ (AeA) 1 V, ‘lay’ ia @1 ‘Lie’ (as aerM) HV, ‘lied’ Ba @1 8. (b) ‘Overflow’ #1 V, ‘overflowed’ tia #1 9. (a) lay’ (WM) FV, laid tat # 10. (a) Fei ‘fell’ S 2a T befell’ FH am Fi ‘Befall’ a sel S Ped FET wT eT / st TET 11. () ‘hang’ (rt) #1 ‘V,’ ta ‘V,’ hung @1 ‘Hang! (Hidt AIAN) &I V,’ Ua ‘V, hanged! #1 12. (c) ‘return’ & Wa ‘back’ wT WaT 7 Hil az: sl WER ‘repeat’ F Oy ‘again’ W ‘enter’ # We ‘into’ #1 War Ae at Awa 13. (c) ‘agree’ & WIM UK ‘accept’ HI Wa Hil 14, () ‘Slay’ #1 V, ‘slain’ tat @ 7 fF ‘slewed’. 15. (b) 'Conclusively’ #1 314 @ 'putting an end to debate, question or doubt’. 'Suspect' 7% ® we ‘conclusively’ a wim aay F aie Hi ‘self contradictory’ at Fa #1 16, (c) ‘steal’ # Wed ‘to’ 7 Wit Hil Dare’ 2mm ‘main verb' ¢ ci] Jas AM ‘infinitive’ 'to + V,' 4 Yar Bat 1 Ha: 'to steal’ HI yay we eM 17. (b) Past Tense’ 4 ‘ability’ ait + fa ‘can’ # 2 W ‘could’ a walt wi 18. (a) Jef ‘needs’ Main verb 7éi aieH modal ¢ Bd: ‘needs’ LIM KR 'need’ BW WANT Hel 19, (b) ef dare’ HI 92M modal & %a F et WI F BA: ‘to go’ HI Ae afew 'go' HH WaT FMI Modal ag 'V,' ar Wait iat @ 4 fe 'to + V,' I 20. (a) Tused to’ #1 W401 I use to’ } TIA T SM Ada F routine action H wa F few() ‘used to + V,' al yam #1 wel ‘could’ & #44 TW 'must' #1 win eT alsa ‘then’ @ 1 W 'than' a yar Hil ‘would rather’ H Wa ‘than! #t wal gia F1 ‘will’ # 2 W ‘should’ =I wit EM ‘lest’ F Be ‘should’ #1 yam tia z) ‘will @ IF K would’ + 34M Hi a7 ‘Past Tense’ 4 $1 aia: ‘would’ ar wa tA eR a fee ‘will’ =I ‘to waste! & 7H FHF ‘waste’ Ht WT eM ‘need not’ S Her 'V,' FH wa Sat 81 ‘would’ @ aK 'V,' 1 Warr eat @ 4 fe V, FI ‘broke’ F FIM W ‘break’ Hi VIM wil ‘may! @ IAW might’ 4 wi wt areT Past’ A ZI ‘To! #ei &1 are, a structure #m ‘must + not + have + V,.' ‘should be! # a4 'V,' 1 yarr ei 3 fae 'V,' aT ‘recycle’ FI ‘recycled’ # uftatta wi ‘be able to! Bal 21 ‘Cannot’ aa eee #1 aid: 'be able to’ er wait wed Ael st ara a wafer 2 May’ a Might’ 9 vftafda st aie yesterday’ A am ta @ fie aa ‘Past’ A 21 “May he live long’ wet wat & aif a7 ‘wish’ #1 ‘Could keep’ #1 ‘could have kept’ 4 waft Ft ‘Ought to learn’ #1 ‘Ought to have learnt’ 4 tRafda wt ‘Shall’ $ 4% Main verb ‘be’ #1 Wart Fil ‘Ought to’ S Fe ‘he’ Wart Hel ‘Should bring’ #1 ‘should have brought’ uftafia wt) ‘get’ FI ‘getting’ ¥ fafa i) are ‘habitual action’ @1 invented’ #1 ‘discovered’ ¥ Wafia Ft Might’ a ‘be’ wal ‘is' FI 'was' F ufatia et wife aes 'Past Tense! FB ‘will Fi ‘would’ 4 fafa ei aif aaa ‘Past Tense’ #2 ‘was’ WA ‘were’ H fafa Sil 'You' F Gea ‘were’ #1 wa tal BI ‘are’ Fi ‘is' 4 fafa BY FPF subject ‘disciplinary action’ singular #1 'situating’ i ‘situated’ 4 ufafta si Fria S Sai Fi ‘sink! Hed & el ‘drowned’ F WH TW ‘sank’ (V,) HI Wa Hil ‘will i ‘would’ 4 sfafia at Hifi TAT "Past Tense’ F #1