Emergency appeal final report

Indonesia: Java eruption,

Sumatra earthquake and tsunami

Final report
Emergency appeal n° MDRID006
GLIDE n° EQ-2010-000213-IDN & VO-2010-000214-IDN
30 September 2011

Period covered by this final report:

25 October 2010 to 30 June 2011

Appeal target (current): CHF 5,038,981

Appeal coverage: To date, the appeal is

61 per cent covered in cash and kind.

<click to go directly to the financial

report, or view contact details>

Appeal history:
 The revised emergency appeal was
launched on 19 November 2010 for
CHF 5,038,980 in cash, kind, or
services to support Palang Merah
Indonesia (PMI) to assist up to
100,000 beneficiaries in Merapi
operation and 3,750 beneficiaries in
the Mentawai operation.
Relief assistance during Merapi eruption response in Central Java and
 The preliminary emergency appeal Yogyakarta province have covered between 25,000 to 100,000 people with the
was launched on 3 November 2010 distribution of relief materials as well as the provision of field kitchen which
for CHF 2,825,711 in cash, kind, or served meals twice a day for these people. (Photo by Talchah Hamid/PMI)
services to support PMI to assist up to 25,000 beneficiaries in Merapi operation and 3,750
beneficiaries in the Mentawai operation.

Most of the activities under this appeal were implemented over six months. However, an extension of the
appeal to the end of June 2011 was made to ensure that all activities were properly completed. With this final
report, this emergency appeal is closed as implementation of all activities has been carried out as planned.
This emergency appeal received a total income of CHF 3.091,118 and expenditure is CHF 2,814,292.
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Remaining un-earmarked balances will be reallocated towards building capacity, supporting lessons learnt
and maximizing good practices in disaster management, especially for individuals and supporting
mechanisms used in Merapi and West Sumatra during the emergency.

Partners and donors are encouraged to contact the Asia Pacific zone resource mobilization unit
within the next 30 days for further clarification on this reallocation, if needed.

Summary: Over eight months of operations, the Indonesian Red Cross/PMI have served 100,000 displaced
individuals from Boyolali, Magelang and Klaten districts in Central Java province and Sleman district in
Yogyakarta province. During the first few weeks, 30,000 people living in evacuation centres received
sufficient basic needs and adequate food nutrition through the provision of relief and emergency food

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The remaining balance figure continues to fluctuate due to foreign exchange rates, pending the settlement of unpaid pledges.
kitchens by PMI. Approximately 25,000 people benefited from the distribution of emergency materials, which
included facemasks, sleeping mats, hygiene kits, blankets, baby kits, mosquito nets, toiletries and food
parcels. Meals for these people were also provided twice a day.

PMI volunteers were mobilized to help distribute the relief items and food and provide instruction about the
safe use of water and hygiene practices. In total, PMI distributed relief items to 14,014 beneficiaries in
Central Java and 16,495 to beneficiaries in Yogyakarta. Shovels and hoes were also distributed to help
families to clean volcanic ash away from their houses.

In West Sumatra, relief materials were provided to 2,580 of the 3,750 target individuals directly affected by
earthquake and tsunami in the Mentawai Islands. Emergency plastic sheeting was also distributed to provide
additional shelter from intermittent heavy rain squalls and shade from the sun while more permanent shelter
options were identified. Solar lights were also issued to provide light at night.

In responding to a request from the local government of Mentawai Islands to contribute to early recovery,
PMI conducted initial assessments that identified 516 families, which were provided shelter options in four
new relocation sites in South Pagai Island.

The shelter programme was later implemented through a participatory approach, which was led by a
construction committee from the involved communities. Many families moved to live with relatives and friends
and others were provided tents as temporary accommodation until PMI had completed the construction of
516 t-shelter homes for them.

The following partners who have contributed to the appeal: American Red Cross, British Red Cross,
Canadian Red Cross/Canadian government, Danish Red Cross/Danish government, Icelandic Red Cross,
Iranian Red Crescent, Japanese Red Cross Society/Japanese government, Netherlands Red
Cross/Netherlands government, New Zealand Red Cross/ New Zealand government, Norwegian Red
Cross/Norwegian government, Republic of Korea Red Cross, Swedish Red Cross, and United Arab Emirates
Red Crescent. Contributions were also received from the Australian government, Voluntary Emergency
Relief Fund (VERF)/World Health Organization, the corporate sector and other private donors. Bilateral
partners supporting PMI include American Red Cross, Danish Red Cross, Hong Kong branch of Red Cross
Society of China, Italian Red Cross, Spanish Red Cross and Red Crescent Society of the United Arab
Emirates.

On behalf of Indonesian Red Cross, IFRC wishes to thank all the partners for their invaluable support
towards this appeal.

The situation
Two disasters struck Indonesia on the same day (25 October): the eruption of Mt. Merapi in Central Java and
Yogyakarta provinces, and the earthquake and subsequent tsunami that hit the Mentawai Islands off the west
coast of Sumatra. As PMI has a network nationwide, the PMI chapters – along with the branches in Central
Java and Yogyakarta responded to the Merapi eruption, and PMI West Sumatra chapter responded to the
earthquake and tsunami in Mentawai. The headquarters assisted in both cases.

Table 1: List of casualties from the Indonesia’s twin disasters on October 2010

2 3
Disaster events Casualties 25 October 2010 1 – 5 November 2010
People died 34 194
Merapi volcano eruption People displaced 70,000 360,557 in 572 locations
People injured 577

People died 500

Mentawai earthquake and tsunami
People displaced 11,000

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In responding the volcano eruption, there have been 15 non-governmental and international non-governmental
organizations assisting the government with health services, water and sanitation, education and basic needs
in Magelang, Boyolali and Sleman districts. Within the Red Cross Red Crescent societies, PMI led the
planning and implementation of the operation with its partners, while IFRC provided support and assistance to
the Mt. Merapi eruption operation and led the coordination with Red Cross Red Crescent partners and external
international organizations. In Mentawai, 43 humanitarian organizations and non-government organizations
presented to deal with the emergency response but only seven continued into the early recovery phase. (Refer
to the Operations Update no. 4 for more detailed information on the situation.)

Red Cross and Red Crescent action

Overview
With the assistance of the national headquarters, PMI chapters and district offices in Central Java and
Yogyakarta responded to the Merapi eruption and PMI West Sumatra chapter responded to the earthquake
and tsunami in Mentawai.

Mt. Merapi eruption

At the earliest stage of the response, PMI aimed to assist up to 25,000 individuals through evacuation, initial
needs assessment and the provision of emergency relief. However, due to the large numbers of people being
displaced, PMI increased its capacity to serve more than 25,000 individuals from the Central Java and
Yogyakarta provinces. After the assessment, with support from Red Cross partners and IFRC, the emergency
appeal was launched with the aim of assisting 25,000 individuals with food and non-food items; 100,000
people with access to clean water and sanitation facilities; and 30,000 people with emergency health and
care.
Table 2: IFRC supported activities in Central Java and Yogyakarta (26 October 2010 – 30 April 2011)

No. PMI Assistance in Central Java and Yogyakarta Overall number of

Period
volunteers provinces people reached
 Relief items distribution:
o 5,000 sweet bread
o 60,000 eggs
26 Oct – o 1,377 bottles of mineral water
398 25,000 people
12 Nov 2010 o 65,000 face masks
o 3,028 sleeping mats
o 783 hygiene kits
o 1,058 blankets

 Field kitchen
12 Nov 2010 –  Psychosocial support service
800
Feb 2011  Water and sanitation and hygiene promotion
 Emergency health care

 Field kitchen
 Psychosocial support service
 Emergency health care
 Water and sanitation and hygiene promotion 100,000 people
 Relief items distribution:
Feb – April o Over 30,000 shovels and hoes
123 o Approximately 8,000 water containers (cap
2011
350 litres)
o Over 8,000 mosquito nets
o Over 5,000 hygiene kits
o 23,000 sand bags
o 2,079 tarpaulins
o 468 baby kits

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This operation also aimed at increasing and improving disaster preparedness of PMI at Central Java and
Yogyakarta chapter. As PMI was involved in exiting from this emergency operation, cooperation with local
stakeholders has helped to ensure handover and the sustainability of clean water supply to the most remote
areas in Central Java and Yogyakarta provinces. In Sleman District, the worst-affected district in Yogyakarta
province, the district government has agreed to cover the running cost of water trucking activity until the State
Water Company rehabilitates the water piping system in several villages in this district.

The Centre of Volcano Research and Technology Development (BPPTK) confirmed that in the aftermath of
the volcanic eruption cold lava floods will remain a potential hazard for the next 1 or 2 years. Therefore, PMI
has established a volcano surveillance post which will play a role as an auxiliary to the government task to
monitor the progress of the volcanic activity and as a multi hazard early warning mechanism/tool (particularly
for cold lava, pyroclastic clouds and volcanic eruptions).

Mentawai earthquake and tsunami

PMI worked very closely with the local authorities to support the survivors in efforts to recover their normal
way of life in their relocation areas. PMI worked to provide shelter for 516 families on South Pagai Island, at
four relocation points at KM 32, KM 37, KM 40 and also at Lakkau. While waiting for the completion of
temporary shelters, a number of survivors lived at their relatives’ houses while others stayed in family tents or
camps. PMI also aimed at assisting 3,750 individuals through emergency health and care, water and
sanitation and hygiene promotion activities. PMI continued to provide basic health care services in the four
relocation areas by making one medical doctor available in each of the relocation areas.

Table 3: IFRC supported activities in Mentawai Islands (26 October 2010 – 30 April 2011)

No. PMI Overall number of people

Period Assistance/activities
volunteers reached
 Evacuation;
 Relief items distribution;
November 2010  Field assessments;
 Provision of mobile clinic service
for the affected communities

 Emergency health care 3,750 individuals (2,580 of

161  Water and sanitation and hygiene them were reached through
promotion t-shelter programme)
 Relief items distribution
December 2010 – April o 330 family kits,
2011 o 259 family tents,
o 60 mosquito nets,
o 100 solar light cells,
o 350 body bags,
o 593 tarpaulins

Achievements against outcomes

Overview
PMI chapters and district offices in Central Java and Yogyakarta provinces responded to the Mt. Merapi
eruption through assistance to the communities in five districts: Boyolali, Magelang and Klaten (Central Java
province) and Sleman district (Yogyakarta province) through relief distributions, emergency health services,
water and sanitation and hygiene promotion. Concurrent to this, PMI in West Sumatra province responded to
the earthquake and tsunami providing similar services but with additional temporary shelter programme
activities.

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 Mt. Merapi eruption

Relief distributions (food and basic non-food items)

Outcome: Immediate food and non-food item needs of 5,000 families (or 25,000 individuals) are met.
Outputs (expected results) Activities planned

 Establish/operate emergency health posts and/or mobile health

People receiving appropriate
clinics to ensure basic life-saving health services are available for
medical services have reduced
displaced populations in camps and in hard-to-reach areas and to
morbidity and are able to
meet gaps in health services not provided by government health
participate in recovery activities.
offices.
 Mobilize PMI first aid and ambulance services to complement health
posts/mobile clinics in meeting emergency health needs.

 Continue to assess and identify emergency needs in four different

The immediate needs of
affected districts of Boyolali, Magelang, Klaten, and Sleman.
affected families are met
 Develop beneficiary targeting strategy and registration system to
through relief distribution of
deliver intended assistance.
non-food items (NFI) such as
family kits, hygiene products,  Mobilize relief supplies and personal protective equipment
blankets, baby kits, sleeping (masks) from the pre-positioned stocks, supplemented by
mats and tarpaulins. additional local/regional procurement.
 Monitor and evaluate the relief activities and provide daily
reporting distributions to ensure accountability to the donors.
 Ensure the implementation of a common approach to volunteer
mobilization, induction, support and recognition across all
programmes that lead to strengthened branch volunteer base and
volunteer management capacities for the future.

 Develop beneficiary targeting strategy and registration system.

Targeted families receive two
meals a day for the first month.  Set up field kitchens to provide cooked meals for people living in
IDP camps.
 Provide meals twice daily.
 Monitor ongoing nutrition needs of the displaced population.

Impact: PMI have assisted the communities in Central Java and Yogyakarta province through the distribution of
relief items and these activities have reached up to 100,000 individuals from both provinces, exceeding the
target of approximately 25,000 individuals. PMI conducted continuous needs assessment to take note of
outstanding community needs. As each district has different needs, each PMI district distributed specific relief
items based on these needs. Since the beginning of the programme, PMI has distributed relief items to the most
affected families as shown in the following table:

Table 4: List of relief distribution for Mt. Merapi eruption operation

No Relief Items Central Java Province Yogyakarta Province

1 Shovels 14,014 units 16,495 units
2 Hoes 14,014 units 16,495 units
3 Water container (cap. 350 ltr) 5,252 units 2,766 units
4 Mosquito nets 6,000 units 2,079 kits
5 Hygiene kits 3,900 kits 2,079 kits
6 Baby kits 0 units 468 kits
7 Tarpaulins 0 units 2,079 units
8 Sand Bags 0 units 23,000 bags

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Shovels and hoes were the key tools for the communities when
cleaning up their houses and the surrounding environment from
volcanic debris. Since the initial eruption, the total volume of safe
water provided by PMI was 51,602,000 litres. The local
government is now providing normal clean water services to the
affected areas.

In total 8,079 members of communities in Central Java and

Yogyakarta received mosquito nets to protect mainly babies and
children from mosquito bites. In addition to improving the health
and sanitation condition of the community, PMI also distributed
hygiene kits and baby kits. PMI volunteers prepared meals for IDP in
Jumoyo camp, Magelang district, Central Java
The movement of internally displaced people (IDP) was not limited (Photo by Talchah Hamid/ PMI).
to the four main districts affected by the eruptions but also other
surrounding districts including Kota Yogyakarta, Bantul, Kulon Progo and Gunung Kidul districts in Yogyakarta
province. Accordingly, each respective PMI branch took the responsibility of implementing the field kitchen
operation to ensure people received sufficient food. As of 19 November 2010, the number of people reached
through PMI field kitchen services amounted to 105,552. Out of these numbers, Sleman housed the majority of
the IDP as this district was the most affected by this disaster.

In addition, over 20,000 people in Yogyakarta were provided with sand bags filled with soil to mitigate the cold
lava flow, which passed through the southern part of Sleman district and Yogyakarta city.

Emergency health

Outcome: Up to 30,000 affected people have benefited from a variety of preventive, curative and/or referral
health services for the first three months (or until the government services have been restored), reducing
community health risks and facilitating quicker rehabilitation and recovery processes.
Outputs (expected results) Activities planned
 Train and reinforce community-based volunteers on first aid,
Community resilience in health is health, and hygiene promotion according to the outcome of
improved through better health needs assessment.
awareness, knowledge and  Conduct health promotion and disease prevention campaigns in
behaviour. displaced camps and amongst those severely affected to
address identified potential health risks resulting from the
disaster.
 Deliver appropriate and essential supplies to reinforce health
promotion and disease prevention efforts/campaigns, such as
masks to prevent respiratory complications from ash fall.
 Reproduce and distribute health information, education, and
communication (IEC) materials. Psychosocial support is
provided to the target population, and staff/volunteers of PMI
involved in the operations.

Psychosocial support (PSS) is  Provide PSS to affected population particularly children, elderly
provided to the target population, and and other most vulnerable groups.
staff/volunteers of PMI involved in the  Provide PSS to PMI volunteers engaged in the emergency
operations. response activities.

Impact: Overall, the emergency health programme with its various activities have directly reached more than
10,000 people. Initially, PMI and IFRC have set the target to serve up to 30,000 people through health and care
activities. However, the unpredictable eruptions have caused some displaced individuals decided to leave the
camps and stayed at their relatives in other districts. This has caused fluctuating number of the IDPs.

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Since the emergency response until the completion of
the early recovery phase, the PMI medical action team
(MAT) comprising six people (one doctor, one
administration person, and four nurses) provided basic
health services, which were not covered by the local
health authorities (Puskesmas). The team assisted
more than 1,600 people at 32 delivery points in
Sleman and Magelang district during the emergency
response. In Boyolali district of Central Java, the MAT
provided medical assistance to 882 people (414 men
and 437 women). In Klaten branch, the team served
998 people, which consisted of 359 men and 639
women of various ages as well as young children and
the elderly.

The majority of ailments treated by the team included

headache, high blood pressure, stomach problems PMI volunteers facilitated entertaining and educational games
and respiratory infections. There were no outbreaks of for children in IDP camps in Central Java and Yogyakarta as
infectious diseases such as diarrhoea or pneumonia. part of psychosocial support services during the recovery
operations of Merapi eruption. (Photo by PMI)
The team also assisted local health authorities in
delivering basic health services to people affected by cold lava floods resulting from monsoon rains since
December 2010 until April 2011. Through twice-weekly operations, the team provided services to 1,637 people
(some 517 households).

Up to 84 PMI-trained health volunteers carried out socialization and training of community cadres in Magelang,
Klaten and Boyolali districts of Cental Java, and seven in Sleman district of Yogyakarta. There were also ten
community volunteers in each district trained to and involved in disseminating hygiene messages. This was
aimed at conducting health promotion and disease prevention activities, including waste disposal and
environmental sanitation campaigns, to control key infectious diseases that threaten vulnerable communities,
such as diarrhoea and malaria. Complementary to these hygiene promotion activities, the relief team
distributed 6,000 insecticide-impregnated mosquito nets to Klaten, Boyolali and Magelang districts, which were
considered as malaria endemic areas.

Information, education and communications (IEC) materials for disease prevention and health promotion
focusing on diarrhoea, have been used and distributed by volunteers in the field. Some 15,000 copies of
posters delivering the message of what to do during a volcanic eruption, hand-washing and safe water handling
have been printed (5,000 copies for each theme). These posters have been distributed to 39 communities in
Central Java. Additionally, the malaria prevention and breastfeeding campaign were integrated in the local
health post (Posyandu) activities, where child caretakers regularly visit under the child immunization
programme in cooperation with district health office (Puskesmas).

PMI also provided psychosocial support services to Community groups Men Women
beneficiaries at 39 points, reaching more than 2,500 people Children (5 – 15 years old) 1079 1058
(see the table on the right for disaggregated information).
Adults (18 – 60 years old) 299 444
Expressive and entertaining games with children were still the
main support preferred by beneficiaries. The health response Elders (> 60 years old) 15 48
to the disaster was completed in April; the PMI team has been engaged with local health authorities and
community leaders during the reporting period for the development of an exit plan.

PMI volunteers also worked with local health authorities and villagers in spraying of disinfectants in areas,
which were believed to be contaminated by decomposing cattle carcasses. It should be remembered that the
eruption and ash fall resulted in mass deaths of cattle in the affected areas. These dead animals have been
emitting a foul odour in the surrounding communities, and may cause public health problems.

One of the challenges faced during the Merapi operation was the information flow. Since Merapi was a cross-
border operation (involving two provinces), most of PMI staff and volunteers in both of these locations were
continuously in the field and it proved to be a major challenge to set up an effective system to obtain data and
information about the response in an accurate and timely manner. As a result of this, PMI national
headquarters sent some of its staff to the field to support the branch in improving the flow of information.

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Water, sanitation, and hygiene promotion

Outcome: Up to 100,000 displaced people have access to safe water and sanitation facilities and clean-up
sets, enabling them to reduce health risks from contaminated water sources, poor sanitation services and
inhalation of volcanic ash.
Outputs (expected results) Activities planned
 Establish potable water treatment facilities.
Access to safe water is provided to
 Set up water emergency water distribution network, including
affected populations in the targeted
truck tankering, bladders, storage and tap stands (already on
locations.
stand-by in other parts of the country).

 Build sanitation facilities in the IDP camps and in other locations

Appropriate sanitation facilities are where required.
provided at target evacuation centres.  Promote garbage collection and safe hygiene practise in IDP
camps.

Reduce the potential for the

 Conduct hygiene promotion activities within the affected
escalation of transmissible diseases
population.
through hygiene promotion activities.

 Distribution of clean-up sets and materials to clean volcanic ash

Reduce the potential for increase in
from homes and IDP settlements.
respiratory infection from ash.
 Distribution of respiratory masks as part of the relief distributions.

Impact: PMI has successfully provided access to safe water to the

beneficiaries in Sleman district of Yogyakarta, Magelang, Boyolali,
Klaten districts of Central Java, through a total distribution of
51,602,000 litres of water, covering over 100,000 individuals in the
IDP camps.

Volunteers were mobilized to clean up the pre-existing water supply

reservoir affected by volcanic ash and debris so that the
communities would be able to reuse their original water source. The
result of water quality test conducted by Yogyakarta Provincial
Health Office (PHO) BTKL - Environmental Health and Sanitary
Engineering Laboratory showed that the water is of good quality.

During the first few days of the eruption, IFRC together with PMI
visited the disaster areas. It was evident at that time that there was a
significant need for clean water for the displaced communities as
volcanic ash was constantly falling around the mountain,
contaminating water sources, covering houses, killing livestock and
vegetation. Although facemasks were already being distributed, they
were not sufficient to prevent people from inhaling the volatile mix of
ash and smoke, and the potential for respiratory related health
issues to escalate if clean water was not made available quickly, was
significant.
Water trucking activities: With the winding
down of the recovery activities, PMI has
It was planned that under this emergency appeal that PMI would completed its water-trucking activities as
utilize its own water filtration plants and systems to provide large the local government takes over this need.
quantities of clean water. It was also assumed and budgeted, that (Photo by: Talchah Hamid/PMI)
water trucks would need to be rented and deployed to the disaster
locations to ensure that adequate quantities of water could be transported from distant ‘safe’ treatment
locations to local shelters and centres where concentrations of IDP were placed.

However, in the same month as the emergency appeal, the PMI Chairman was able to negotiate and secure
an agreement with Toyota to supply 25 trucks within a few days. The price for these new vehicles was

8
exceptionally cheap and considerably lower than the cost of renting trucks from distant provinces. This
resulted in PMI being able to engage quickly and respond to the increasing need of water supply long before
any other agency or government facility could even respond at a minimal level. This action was a key factor
in how PMI was able to deliver water in excess of its initial target of 1,000,000 litres a day during the
emergency period.

In addition to water delivery, PMI also conducted hygiene promotion (HP) activities in more than 22
elementary schools, which involved about 5,000 students. Up to 361 community water reservoirs were also
checked and cleaned and community level campaigns were conducted on proper hand-washing, diarrhoea
prevention, avian flu awareness and disaster risk reduction.

Mentawai earthquake and tsunami

Relief distributions (food and basic non-food items)

Outcome: Immediate food and non-food item needs of 5,000 families (or 25,000 individuals) are met.

Outputs (expected results) Activities planned

 Continue to assess and identify emergency needs in four different

The immediate needs of
affected districts of Boyolali, Magelang, Klaten, and Sleman.
affected families are met
 Develop beneficiary targeting strategy and registration system to
through relief distribution of
deliver intended assistance.
non-food items (NFI) such as
family kits, hygiene products,  Mobilize relief supplies and personal protective equipment
blankets, baby kits, sleeping (masks) from the pre-position stocks, supplemented by additional
mats and tarpaulins. local/regional procurement.
 Monitor and evaluate the relief activities and provide daily
reporting distributions to ensure accountability to the donors.
 Ensure the implementation of a common approach to volunteer
mobilisation, induction, support and recognition across all
programmes that lead to strengthened branch volunteer base and
volunteer management capacities for the future.

 Develop beneficiary targeting strategy and registration system.

Targeted families receive two
 Set up field kitchens to provide cooked meals for people living in
meals a day for the first month.
IDP camps.
 Provide meals twice daily.
 Monitor ongoing nutrition needs of the displaced population.

Impact:

PMI successfully completed the distribution of relief items for

Mentawai operation by distributing 630 kg of rice to 21
families in Maurau sub-village and 1,620 kg to 54 families in
Asahan sub-village, Bulasat village of Pagai Selatan district.
Each family received a total of 30 kg of rice.

Shelter kits were distributed to 516 families from Malakopak

and Bulasat villages in Pagai Selatan district. Mosquito nets
were distributed to 54 families in Asahan sub-village and 51
families in Konik sub-village as these areas, based on the
government report, were prone to malaria with particular
concern for children. Distribution of relief items was hampered by
transportation issues as weather conditions made it
more difficult for PMI team to transport the goods
In addition, PMI distributed one family kit to each family in using boats. (Photo by PMI)
these areas. These consisted of washing and shower items,
cutlery, sandals, trash bags, jerry cans, sarong, candles, flashlights with batteries and sleeping mats.

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 Temporary shelter
Outcome: 516 tsunami-affected families are provided with safe and resilient shelter within three months.
Outputs (expected results) Activities planned
 Analysis based upon ongoing needs and capacity assessments to
Tsunami-affected households
determine the extent of the shelter needs and preferred shelter
have shelter after rebuilding or
refurbishing their damaged solutions.
homes  Develop community-self directed targeting strategy and registration
system to deliver intended assistance, prioritising the most vulnerable in
selected communities.
 Support formation of community management teams to monitor funds
for community-built shelters using cultural practices that highlight
working together.
 Monitor, coordinate and evaluate the shelter programme
 Provision of cash grants and shelter materials to affected families to
quickly rebuild and recover.
 Provision of technical assistance and safe construction training (in order
to increase the resilience of the houses to future natural disasters).

Impact:
At the end of this project, 516 temporary shelters (t-shelters) in Pagai Selatan had been completed and 516
families or 2,580 individuals had moved from emergency temporary accommodation to new, safe and more
robust shelters in the relocation areas.

In order to cover these 516 shelter units, PMI formed 120 community groups where each group covered four
to six units. PMI volunteers facilitated community participation in the construction of the t-shelters. The
community itself facilitated recovery from the impact of the tsunami and earthquake by mobilizing all possible
human and local resources to construct their shelters. In addition, in order to ensure the community adhered
to the technical elements in building safer shelter structures, trained volunteers or skilled local workers
undertook day-to-day monitoring. For more detail of temporary shelter programme, please refer to Operations
Update 4.

Emergency health and care

Outcome: Up to 3,750 affected people in Mentawai have benefited from a variety of preventive, curative
and/or referral health services for two-months, thus reducing community health risks and facilitating quicker
rehabilitation and recovery processes.
Outputs (expected results) Activities planned
 Establish/operate emergency health posts and/or mobile health
People receiving appropriate clinics to ensure basic life-saving health services are available for
medical services have reduced displaced populations in camps and in hard-to-reach areas and to
morbidity and are able to meet gaps in health services not being provided by government
participate in recovery activities. health offices.
 Mobilize PMI first aiders and (air) ambulance services to complement
health posts/mobile clinics in meeting emergency health needs.

 Train and re-enforce community-based volunteers on first aid, health,

Community resilience in health and hygiene promotion according to the outcome of needs
is improved through better assessment.
health awareness, knowledge  Conduct health promotion and disease prevention campaigns in
and behaviour. displaced camps and amongst those severely affected to address
identified potential health risks resulting from the disaster.
 Reproduce and distribute IEC materials.
 Provide appropriate/essential supplies to reinforce health promotion
and disease prevention efforts, such as the distribution of and
monitoring of used of impregnated mosquito nets.

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 Psychosocial support (PSS) is  Provide PSS support to affected population particularly children,
provided to the target population, elderly and other most vulnerable groups.
and staff/volunteers of PMI  Provide PSS to PMI volunteers engaged in the emergency response
involved in the operations. activities.
 Conduct PSS training for staff and volunteers tasked to deliver PSS
services and activities.

Impact:
By the end of this operation, medical action teams had provided
medical assistance and health promotion support to 1,014
people in the communities of Malakopak, Bulasat and Sikakap of
Pagai Selatan sub-district. Through the provision of psychosocial
services, PMI also reached 3,358 survivors, especially children
in Pagai Selatan, in coping with the trauma caused by the
disaster.

For more detail of health and care activities, please refer to

Operations Update No. 2 and the Operations Update 4.
PMI volunteers provided psychological
support services to 3,358 people who were
mostly children from the areas worst hit by
the tsunami in Pagai Selatan district. (Photo
by PMI)

Water, sanitation, and hygiene promotion

Outcome: Up to 3,750 people (750 families) have received water and sanitation support, enabling them to
ward off the risks of waterborne diseases.
Outputs (expected results) Activities planned
 Establish potable water treatment facilities.
Access to safe water is
 Set up basic emergency water distribution networks, where possible
provided to affected families.
and practical this will include truck tankering, bladders, storage and
tap stands (already on stand-by in other parts of the country).

Appropriate sanitation facilities  Provide sanitation facilities in emergency camps and in other
are provided at target locations where required and feasible.
evacuation centres.  Promote garbage-collecting activities.

The health status of the  Establish disease vector and safe hygiene monitoring.
population is sustainably  Ensure fogging activities carried out where required in relation to
improved through hygiene both high-risk areas of dengue fever and malaria.
promotion activities.  Conduct hygiene promotion activities within the affected population.

Impact:
PMI has installed 10 water storage tanks of 2000-litre capacity near the 516 t-shelters in order to provide
access to safe water in areas not covered by any other organization. In addition, PMI has promoted good
hygiene practices to 1,203 beneficiaries in Pagai Selatan.

This hygiene promotion covers the causes and prevention of diarrhoea, proper hand-washing, environmental
health, and malaria prevention. Approaching the close of the operation, beneficiaries were involved in the
work to clean up the environment. (Refer to Operations Update No. 3 for more detailed information.)

11
 Logistics for Merapi and Mentawai operations

In support of the Merapi and Mentawai operations, PMI initially utilized its pre-positioned emergency stocks
from around the country to ensure that families affected by the disasters were adequately provided relief
assistance, materials, supplies and support in a quick and timely manner. Throughout the emergency
operation, the supplies were being replenished and increased to ensure that adequate stock remained
available. Local transport companies were contracted to ship the many supplies from the PMI warehouses
directly to the beneficiaries. The PMI headquarters and IFRC procurement and logistics units were constantly
working together to ensure that all relevant procedures and processes were followed to support the
operations in an accountable and timely manner.

Communications for Merapi and Mentawai operations

Information, education and communications (IEC) materials were produced for both the Mentawai and
Merapi operations. IEC materials consisted of flyers, posters, booklets and children’s educational toys to help
the dissemination of improved hygiene practices and to raise community awareness towards reducing risks
because of potential health issues like inhaling ash, drinking contaminated water, unsafe cooking and unsafe
living practices. These IEC material distributions and campaigns were used to raise community’s awareness
and knowledge on potential risks, hazard, vulnerability and their own capacity. These materials were also
prepared for use in future operations.

Lessons learned
In the emergency relief phase, PMI did well to clarify their objectives, in order to target a large number of
beneficiaries and meet their immediate needs.

In this emergency, it is noted that the National Society has done well to quickly mobilize and support the
identified needs of the affected communities. Initially, using their own funds, PMI responded to the disaster
within the first hours, quickly evacuating, relocating and sheltering those displaced. The PMI senior
management travelled to the disaster locations early in the emergency to ensure that decisions were made
quickly and that any urgent lifesaving needs would be supported. The chairman himself, after visiting the
disaster areas, quickly met with the local governors of each affected province to understand the capacity of
the local government and to also clarify the extent of service and assistance that the Red Cross could
provide in filling the immediate gaps of relief and urgent assistance. This action helped to alert the
Government to the possibilities and areas of assistance that would be provided by the Red Cross and
contributed towards a quicker, clearer and appropriate response of the society.

Due to the relative ease of access to the disaster areas around the Merapi volcano, PMI was able to quickly
reach most of the affected areas and start providing emergency relief services within the first day of the
eruption. Throughout the emergency period, PMI aimed to provide assistance to those most in need. Special
needs of women, displaced children and the elderly were an early priority of PMI who utilized its helicopters
and Hägglunds vehicles to travel over inaccessible areas and difficult terrain to reach many victims who
were in remote locations or unreachable by any other means in the early stages of the response. In
Mentawai the process of response took a little longer due to the difficulty of access and ability to move large
amounts of relief items into the area.

During both the emergency and early recovery phases, total quantity and general standard of assistance
provided in relief and shelter have been significant; the shelter programme reached the families that needed
shelter and the results of the shelter programme allowed for families to receive services that would not have
been possible through other aid providers.

Some non-shelter aspects of the recovery programme, particularly water and sanitation and psychosocial
support, were well-designed and appeared to have reached beneficiaries beyond those that were targeted.
Most urgent needs were met in Merapi and in some cases, exceeded. Although the analysis of assessment
data gathered could have been improved, PMI were able to make a considerable positive impact on the
families affected by both disasters. In general, the water, sanitation and hygiene promotion (WASH),
psychosocial support service (PSS) as part of integrated risk reduction activities offered good, long-term and
sustainable input towards improving the physical and mental health of children and those most vulnerable

12
within the affected location. The provision of relief, shelter, water, food and other non-food items have
enabled the affected communities to have ready access to safe water for daily needs; protected them from
the unpredictable and constantly changing weather; and helped to prevent diseases in the relocation areas.
One exception is the water trucking which only now has been taken over by the local government authorities.

IFRC immediately supported PMI’s decision to lead on the response from the outset, and fully devolved
formal authority. In this context, PMI has done a remarkable job in responding to this situation. Some good
practices in collaboration between Red Cross Red Crescent Movement members have been in evidence;
particularly between PMI, IFRC and partner national societies at branch level; and at national level between
IFRC and PMI.

Several examples include:

 The move by PMI at the national level to insist on all members of the Movement to follow a single
approval system has proved to be of positive benefit in ensuring that resources were shared and the
integrated response mechanism improved.
 PMI used a standard list of items for each of the kits and materials that helped reduce the potential of
targeted families questioning the possibility of unequal distribution.
 Linkages between health and disaster management helped to avoid gaps and duplication
 A common approach to community-based programming helped to ensure a more sustainable outcome
for the national society and the targeted communities. Through a process of cross visits and staff
exchanges, the target communities were better able to work together in such a fluid disaster where
families were continually relocating from their homes to evacuation centres to escape the ash and cold
lava floods.

The response to, and subsequent involvement in the recovery from, two concurrently occurring complex
disaster events have demonstrated the determination of PMI to deal with Indonesia’s disasters in their own
way. In some respects, these events proved to be a milestone for the national society, which has essentially
implemented all activities in the field covered by the appeal with the technical and financial support of IFRC
and partner national societies.

The appeal was launched more than one week after the events had occurred. This delay meant that media
induced international public interest was declining and the initial momentum of the broader response and the
enthusiasm for donors to contribute to the appeal was somewhat lessened. However, the senior leadership
of PMI had made a conscious decision to fully grasp the impact of these events on their capacity and
ultimately it was the continuation of the Merapi eruption that served as the catalyst to launch the appeal.

The PMI leadership also made it clear from the onset of the emergency that they would utilize the resources
of the National Society in order to speed up the initial process of transfers and to rapidly mobilize its
contingency stocks and equipment. It was hoped that support from the Movement partners would then be
provided to reimburse these initial costs incurred by PMI as well as restock its warehouses, supplement its
resources and aid in the ongoing response and early recovery efforts. This action resulted in an initially low
utilization of this emergency appeal and an extension to the appeal was needed to ensure that all possible
expenditures of the national society could be reimbursed and supported under this appeal.

Some of the remaining funds are being used with the concurrence of PMI to support an independent
evaluation that is now underway, to identify and provide recommendations for improvements and
opportunities that could be applied to and used in future emergency operations. This evaluation is also
intended to flag and propose suggestions for addressing specific issues relating to the operation and its
implementation. Much can be learned from these events and particular emphasis will be placed on the
coordination mechanisms that would improve the mobilization and involvement of the Movement
components in disaster events of a similar scale in the future.

Any remaining funds after the evaluation is completed will be used to assist PMI to build on these lessons
and maximize its good practices. Priority will be given to capacity building activities in the Merapi and West
Sumatra areas and will utilize those individuals and mechanisms that were involved during the emergency
period. Special consideration is being given to areas with limited funding options like emergency health and
water and sanitation activities, and to help reinforce behaviour change for a more sustainable outcome.

13
Contact information
For further information specifically related to this operation please contact:
 IFRC Indonesia country Office:
o Phillip Charlesworth, head of country office: mobile: +62 811 824 859,
phone: +62 21 7279 3440; +62 21 7279 3446; email:
phillip.charlesworth@ifrc.org
o Wayne Ulrich, head of operations: mobile: +62 811 826 614,
phone: +62 21 7279 3440; fax: +62 21 7279 3446; email: wayne.ulrich@ifrc.org
 IFRC Asia Pacific zone office, Kuala Lumpur:
o Al Panico, acting head of operations; email: al.panico@ifrc.org
o Heikki Väätämöinen, operations coordinator: phone: +603 9207 5798;
mobile: +60 12 3058332; email: heikki.vaatamoinen@ifrc.org
o Alan Bradbury, head of resource mobilization and PMER:
phone: +603 9207 5775; fax: +603 2161 0670, email: alan.bradbury@ifrc.org


Click here
1. Financial report below
2. Click here to return to the title page

How we work
All IFRC assistance seeks to adhere to the Code of Conduct for the International Red Cross
and Red Crescent Movement and Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) in Disaster
Relief and the Humanitarian Charter and Minimum Standards in Disaster Response (Sphere)
in delivering assistance to the most vulnerable.

IFRC’s vision is to inspire, encourage, facilitate and promote at all times all forms of
humanitarian activities by National Societies, with a view to preventing and alleviating human
suffering, and thereby contributing to the maintenance and promotion of human dignity and
peace in the world.

IFRC’s work is guided by Strategy 2020 which puts forward three strategic aims:
1. Save lives, protect livelihoods, and strengthen recovery from disaster and crises.
2. Enable healthy and safe living.
3. Promote social inclusion and a culture of non-violence and peace.

14
 Selected Parameters
International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies Reporting Timeframe 2010/11-2011/8
Budget Timeframe 2010/11-2011/8
MDRID006 - Indonesia - Java Volcano Appeal MDRID006
Budget APPEAL
Appeal Launch Date: 03 nov 10
All figures are in Swiss Francs (CHF)
Appeal Timeframe: 03 nov 10 to 30 jun 11

Final Report

I. Consolidated Funding
Disaster Health and National Society Principles and Coordination TOTAL
Management Social Services Development Values

A. Budget 5,038,981 5,038,981

B. Opening Balance 0 0

Income
Cash contributions
# American Red Cross 49,092 49,092
Australian Government 436,131 436,131
British Red Cross 78,000 78,000
Danish Red Cross (from Danish Government) 100,000 100,000
Great Britain - Private Donors 386 386
Icelandic Red Cross 20,000 20,000
IFRC at the UN Inc (from Cummins Inc. Employees) 514 514
IFRC at the UN Inc (from Kraft Foods Foundation) 46,464 46,464
Indonesia - Private Donors 4,477 4,477
Japanese Government 489,093 489,093
Japanese Red Cross Society 166,300 166,300
New Zealand Red Cross 34,142 34,142
New Zealand Red Cross (from New Zealand
Government) 152,520 152,520
Nokia 66,877 66,877
Norwegian Red Cross 16,527 16,527
Norwegian Red Cross (from Norwegian Government) 110,604 110,604
Red Crescent Society of Islamic Republic of Iran 17,328 17,328
Red Crescent Society of the United Arab Emirates 10,040 10,040
Swedish Red Cross 686,670 686,670
The Canadian Red Cross Society 98,554 98,554
The Canadian Red Cross Society (from
Canadian Government) 96,826 96,826
The Netherlands Red Cross 62,629 62,629
The Netherlands Red Cross (from
Netherlands Government) 261,609 261,609
The Netherlands Red Cross (from
Netherlands - Private Donors) 25,483 25,483
The Republic of Korea National Red Cross 50,000 50,000
The Republic of Korea National Red Cross
(from Republic of Korea - Private Donors) 2,206 2,206
United States - Private Donors 4,953 4,953
VERF/WHO Voluntary Emergency Relief 3,000 3,000
# C1. Cash contributions 3,090,425 3,090,425

Other Income
Fundraising Fees -3,344 -3,344
IFRC at the UN Inc allocations 4,036 4,036
C4. Other Income 693 693

C. Total Income = SUM(C1..C4) 3,091,118 3,091,118

D. Total Funding = B +C 3,091,118 3,091,118

Appeal Coverage 61% 61%

Prepared on 14/Nov/2011 Page 1 of 3

 Selected Parameters
International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies Reporting Timeframe 2010/11-2011/8
Budget Timeframe 2010/11-2011/8
MDRID006 - Indonesia - Java Volcano Appeal MDRID006
Budget APPEAL
Appeal Launch Date: 03 nov 10
All figures are in Swiss Francs (CHF)
Appeal Timeframe: 03 nov 10 to 30 jun 11

Final Report

II. Movement of Funds

Disaster Health and National Society Principles and Coordination TOTAL
Management Social Services Development Values

B. Opening Balance 0 0
C. Income 3,091,118 3,091,118
E. Expenditure -2,814,292 -2,814,292
F. Closing Balance = (B + C + E) 276,826 276,826

Prepared on 14/Nov/2011 Page 2 of 3

 Selected Parameters
International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies Reporting Timeframe 2010/11-2011/8
Budget Timeframe 2010/11-2011/8
MDRID006 - Indonesia - Java Volcano Appeal MDRID006
Budget APPEAL
Appeal Launch Date: 03 nov 10
All figures are in Swiss Francs (CHF)
Appeal Timeframe: 03 nov 10 to 30 jun 11

Final Report

III. Consolidated Expenditure vs. Budget

Expenditure
Account Groups Budget Disaster Health and Social National Society Principles and Variance
Coordination TOTAL
Management Services Development Values

A B A-B

BUDGET (C) 5,038,981 5,038,981

Relief items, Construction, Supplies

Shelter - Relief 299,000 137,755 137,755 161,245
Shelter - Transitional 283,000 282,781 282,781 219
Clothing & Textiles 545,300 185,020 185,020 360,280
Food 57,667 20,307 20,307 37,360
Water, Sanitation & Hygiene 528,646 518,081 518,081 10,565
Medical & First Aid 105,233 5,821 5,821 99,411
Utensils & Tools 418,333 204,386 204,386 213,947
Other Supplies & Services 959,667 156,459 156,459 803,208
Total Relief items, Construction, Supplies 3,196,846 1,510,610 1,510,610 1,686,236

Land, vehicles & equipment

Computers & Telecom 22,667 11,402 11,402 11,265
Total Land, vehicles & equipment 22,667 11,402 11,402 11,265

Logistics, Transport & Storage

Storage 5,000 2,607 2,607 2,393
Distribution & Monitoring 301,293 264,563 264,563 36,730
Transport & Vehicles Costs 325,367 193,549 193,549 131,817
Total Logistics, Transport & Storage 631,659 460,720 460,720 170,940

Personnel
International Staff 51,500 2,625 2,625 48,875
National Staff 38,950 36,855 36,855 2,095
National Society Staff 163,300 67,061 67,061 96,239
Volunteers 460,000 450,458 450,458 9,542
Total Personnel 713,750 557,000 557,000 156,750

Consultants & Professional Fees

Professional Fees 600 555 555 45
Total Consultants & Professional Fees 600 555 555 45

Workshops & Training

Workshops & Training 26 26 -26
Total Workshops & Training 26 26 -26

General Expenditure
Travel 33,004 17,936 17,936 15,067
Information & Public Relations 23,667 12,789 12,789 10,878
Office Costs 68,839 46,342 46,342 22,497
Communications 11,806 2,812 2,812 8,994
Financial Charges 8,000 7,747 7,747 253
Total General Expenditure 145,315 87,626 87,626 57,689

Indirect Costs
Programme & Services Support Recover 307,543 170,816 170,816 136,727
Total Indirect Costs 307,543 170,816 170,816 136,727

Pledge Specific Costs

Pledge Earmarking Fee 12,837 12,837 -12,837
Pledge Reporting Fees 20,600 2,700 2,700 17,900
Total Pledge Specific Costs 20,600 15,537 15,537 5,063

TOTAL EXPENDITURE (D) 5,038,981 2,814,292 2,814,292 2,224,689

VARIANCE (C - D) 2,224,689 2,224,689

Prepared on 14/Nov/2011 Page 3 of 3