Consolidated Financial Statements Guide
Consolidated Financial Statements Guide
IFRS 10 provides that a parent shall prepare consolidated financial statements using uniform accounting policies
for like transactions and events. If a member of the group uses accounting policies other than those adopted
in the consolidated financial statements for like transactions and events, appropriate adjustments are made to
that group's FS to ensure conformity with the group's accounting policies.
Consolidation of FS subsequent to Date of acquisition is quite similar with the consolidation process on the
date of acquisition, however, not only Statement of Financial Position is consolidated, but also includes
Statement of Comprehensive Income and Retained Earnings statement.
CONSOLIDATION PROCEDURES
a. Combine like items of assets, liabilities, equity, income, expenses and cash flows of the parent with those of
its subsidiaries.
b. Eliminate the carrying amount of the parent's investment in each subsidiary and the parent's portion of equity of
each subsidiary.
c. Eliminate all intercompany assets and liabilities, equity, income, expenses and cashflows.
2 Approaches
1. Parent Company Approach - consolidating total enterprise's income that is assigned to the parent
company's stockholders.
For wholly-owned subsidiaries, all income of parent & its subsidiaries accrue to the parent company.
For partially-owned subsidiaries, a portion of its income is allocated to non-controlling shareholders and
is excluded from consolidated net income.
ILLUSTRATION:
Assume that P Company owns 80% of the stock of S company which was purchased at book value. In 2020,
S Company reported comprehensive income of P50,000.00 while P company reported comprehensive income
of P120,000.00 including dividend income from S company of P20,000.00. Consolidated comprehensive income
for 2020 is computed as follows:
2. Entity Approach - Consolidated CI of wholly-owned subsidiary is the same with the first approach. If a
subsidiary is partially-owned by the parent, the portion of its income accruing to NCI is included in the
consolidated comprehensive income.
Consolidated CI equals total earnings of all companies consolidated, less any income recorded by the parent from the
consolidating companies.
IAS 27 provides provides that in the separate financial statements of an entity who have investment in
subsidiaries, it may elect to account for its investments either:
1. Cost method - used when the acquirer/parent owns directly or indirectly more than half of the voting power
of the acquiree/subsidiary, thereby exercising control.
This method is the most commonly used in practice where Income on the investment is limited to dividends from the
subsidiary.
2. Fair Value method - this method requires a parent that is an investment entity to measure its investments
in particular subsidiaries at fair value through profit or loss in accordance with IFRS 9/IAS 39 without consolidating
those subsidiaries in its consolidated and separate financial statements.
Investment entity is defined as an entity that:
-obtains funds from one or more investors for the purpose of providing those investors with
investment management services.
-commits to investors that its business purpose is purely to invest funds only (returns from capital appreciation
and investment income)
-measures and evaluates the performance of sbustantially all of its investments on a fair value basis.
3. Equity method - used when the investor/acquirer owns 20% or more but not more than 50% of the voting power
of the investee/acquiree, thereby exercising significant influence over the operations of the investee.
Assume that on January 2, 2020, Peter Corporation acquires all the stockholders' equity of Saber Company for
P300,000.00 At that time, Saber company has P200,000.00 of common stock outstanding and retained earnings
of P100,000.00. Analysis of the acquisition is as follows:
On December 31, 2020, Saber Company reported the following results of its operations:
Using the cost method, Pete Corporation would make the following entries:
1. Eliminate Dividend income account of Peter Corporation against Dividend declared account
of Saber Company.
2. Eliminate parent's Investment account in the subsidiary's stockholders equity at date of acquisition
against Investment account.
Dividends declared
Peter Corporation - 60,000.00 - 60,000.00
Saber Company - 30,000.00 30,000.00 -
Retained earnings, December 31
Carried forward 410,000.00 120,000.00 430,000.00
Statement of FP
Cash 210,000.00 75,000.00 285,000.00
Accounts Receivable 75,000.00 50,000.00 125,000.00
Inventory 100,000.00 75,000.00 175,000.00
Property and Equipment 525,000.00 320,000.00 845,000.00
Investment in Saber Company 300,000.00 - 300,000.00 -
Total Assets 1,210,000.00 520,000.00 1,430,000.00
Consolidated CI
Peter Corporation CI 170,000.00
Saber Company CI 50,000.00
Dividend Income - 30,000.00
Consolidated CI 190,000.00
Sales 600,000.00
Cost and expenses:
Cost of goods sold 285,000.00
Operating expenses 70,000.00
Other expenses 55,000.00 410,000.00
Consolidated CI 190,000.00
Retained Earnings, January 1 - Peter Corporation 300,000.00
Total 490,000.00
Dividends paid - Peter Corporation 60,000.00
Consolidated Retained Earnings, December 31 430,000.00
Peter Corporation and Subsidiary
Consolidated Statement of Financial
Position Year Ended December 31, 2020
Assets
Current Assets
Cash 285,000.00
Accounts receivable 125,000.00
Inventory 175,000.00
Total current assets 585,000.00
Property and equipment 845,000.00
Total Assets 1,430,000.00
Consolidation procedures at the end of the second year and in periods thereafter are basically the same
as those used in the first year. Each year's consolidation procedures begin as if there had never been a previous
consolidation.
Assuming the same data above and two years after combination, on December 31, 2021, Saber Company
reported net income of P75,000 and paid dividends of P40,000.
Cash 40,000.00
Dividend income 40,000.00
To record dividends received from Saber
Dividends declared
Peter Corporation - 60,000.00 - 60,000.00
Saber Company - 40,000.00 40,000.00 -
Retained earnings, December 31
Carried forward 570,000.00 155,000.00 625,000.00
Statement of FP
Cash 265,000.00 85,000.00 350,000.00
Accounts Receivable 150,000.00 80,000.00 230,000.00
Inventory 180,000.00 90,000.00 270,000.00
Property and Equipment 475,000.00 300,000.00 775,000.00
Investment in Saber Company 300,000.00 - 300,000.00 -
Total Assets 1,370,000.00 555,000.00 1,625,000.00
Retained earnings of P100,000.00 is closed because this was he original balance on the date of acquisition. The remaining 20,000
shall be part of the consolidated retained earnings as Peter's share in the net increase of Saber's RE in the year ended
December 2020.
Assume that on January 2, 2020, Peter Corporation purchases 80% of the common stock of Saber Company
for P240,000.00. All other data are the same as those used in the previous example. The following D&A schedule
was prepared on the date of acquisition:
Peter Corporation would record its investment in Saber Company stock, and the receipt of dividends
from Saber Company as follows:
2020
Jan. 2 Investment in Saber Company 240,000.00
Cash 240,000.00
To record the purchase of Saber Company stock.
E3 NCI in CI of 10,000.00
subsidiary NCI 10,000.00
To recognize NCI in subsidiary's net income
for the year 2020. (P50,000*20%)
Dividends declared
Peter Corporation - 60,000.00 - 60,000.00
Saber Company - 30,000.00 30,000.00 -
Retained earnings, December 31
Carried forward 404,000.00 120,000.00 420,000.00
Statement of FP
Cash 264,000.00 75,000.00 339,000.00
Accounts Receivable 75,000.00 50,000.00 125,000.00
Inventory 100,000.00 75,000.00 175,000.00
Property and Equipment 525,000.00 320,000.00 845,000.00
Investment in Saber Company 240,000.00 - 240,000.00 -
Total Assets 1,204,000.00 520,000.00 1,484,000.00
NCI 60,000.00
6,000.00 10,000.00 64,000.00
Total liabilities and equity 1,204,000.00 520,000.00 340,000.00 340,000.00 1,484,000.00
SHORT-CUT COMPUTATIONS
NCI
Consolidated CI
The CI carried forward to the consolidated retained earnings is the CI attributable to parent(P190,000-10,000)
Consolidated RE
Consolidated RE (Alternate)
Peter Corporations retained earnings, Jan 1 300,000.00
Net Income attributable to Parent (NIAP) 180,000.00
Dividends declared - Parent/Peter - 60,000.00
Consolidated RE 420,000.00
Consolidation procedures
1. Eliminate intercompany dividiends and recognize NCI share of subisidiary's dividends declared
2. Eliminate equity accounts of subsidiary at date of acquistion against Investment account and NCI
3. Allocate excess to the specific assets and liabilities of the subsidiary.
4. Amortize the allocated excess except goodwill
5. Assign income of subsidiary to NCI.
D&A SCHEDULE
Parent NCI at FV
Total Price (80%) (20%)
Fair value of subsidiary 375,000.00 300,000.00 75,000.00
Less book value of interest acquired
Common stock - S Company 200,000.00
Retained earnings - S Company 100,000.00
Total 300,000.00 300,000.00 300,000.00
Interest acquired 80% 20%
Book Value 240,000.00 60,000.00
Excess 75,000.00 60,000.00 15,000.00
Allocations (adjustments)
Inventory - 5,000.00
Property and equipment - 60,000.00
Total - 65,000.00
Goodwill 10,000.00
For the first year immediately after the acqusition, Saber Company reported the following:
Peter Corporation would record its investment in Saber Company stock, and the receipt of dividends
from Saber Company as follows:
2020
Jan. 2 Investment in Saber Company 300,000.00
Cash 300,000.00
To record the purchase of Saber Company stock.
E3 Inventory 5,000.00
Property and equipment 60,000.00
Goodwill 10,000.00
Investment in Saber Company 60,000.00
NCI 15,000.00
To allocate excess between investment cost
and book value of identifiable assets acquired
with remainder to goodwill
Dividends declared
Peter Corporation - 60,000.00 - 60,000.00
Saber Company - 30,000.00 30,000.00 -
Retained earnings, December 31
Carried forward 404,000.00 120,000.00 411,200.00
Statement of FP
Cash 204,000.00 75,000.00 279,000.00
Accounts Receivable 75,000.00 50,000.00 125,000.00
SHORT-CUT COMPUTATIONS
NCI
The CI carried forward to the consolidated retained earnings is the CI attributable to parent(P179,000-7,800)
Consolidated RE
Consolidation procedures at the end of the second year and in periods thereafter are basically the same
as those used in the first year. Each year's consolidation procedures begin as if there had never been a previous
consolidation.
Assuming the same data above and two years after combination, on December 31, 2021, Saber Company
reported net income of P75,000 and paid dividends of P40,000.
Cash 32,000.00
Dividend income 32,000.00
To record dividends received from Saber
(P40,000.00*80%)
E3 Inventory 5,000.00
Property and equipment 60,000.00
Goodwill 10,000.00
Investment in Saber Company 60,000.00
NCI 15,000.00
To allocate excess between investment cost
and book value of identifiable assets acquired
with remainder to goodiwll
E4 Retained Earnings - Saber, Jan 1 1,800.00
NCI 1,800.00
To assign the NCI their share of the increase in
the subsidiary's adjusted undistributed earnings that occurred
between the acquisition date and the beginning of the current
period, computed as follows:
Dividends declared
Peter Corporation - 60,000.00 - 60,000.00
Saber Company - 40,000.00 40,000.00 -
Retained earnings, December 31
Carried forward 536,000.00 155,000.00 566,400.00
Statement of FP
Cash 231,000.00 85,000.00 316,000.00
Accounts Receivable 150,000.00 80,000.00 230,000.00
Inventory 180,000.00 90,000.00 5,000.00 5,000.00 270,000.00
Property and Equipment 475,000.00 300,000.00 60,000.00 12,000.00 823,000.00
Investment in Saber Company 300,000.00 - 240,000.00 -
60,000.00
Goodwill 10,000.00 10,000.00
Total Assets 1,336,000.00 555,000.00 1,649,000.00