ASSISTIVE DEVICE - Hip kneed, and ankle pain
- Poor balance
Any device designed, made or
adapted to assist in performing a STANDARD CANE
particular task.
- Single point of contact
AMBULATION DEVICE - Can transmit 20-25% of
persons body weight
Equipment that assist asides
mobility ( ex. Walking) of a person QUAD CANE
with injury.
- 4 points of contact hence
MAJOR INDICATION: more stable
- Not practical for use in stairs
- Structural deformity, injury or
disease HOW TO FIT A CANE
- Muscle weakness or paralysis
- Elbow should bend at 20-30
- Inadequate balance
degrees
ULTMATE GOAL: - Should be at the level of
greater trochanter
For patient to achieve the highest
- Should be 5-6 inches from
level of functional independence.
side of foot
FUNCTION OF AMBULATION AID
HOW TO USE A CANE
- Widen base of support and
- Hold the cane using hand
increases ability
opposite to the side affected,
- Reduces weight bearing
to create balance
- Improve balance and provide
- Hold the cane oppose to the
support
body
TYPES - Advance the cane together
with the affected leg
MOST STABLE
- Hold the cane close to the
- Walker body
- Axillary crutches - Good leg goes to heaven,
- Forearm crutches bad leg goes hell
LEAST STABLE WHEN TO USE A CANE
- Quad cane - Move the good leg up
- Standard cane - When moving up the bad leg
and cane up
CANE (INDICATION)
Moving down
- Paralysis of half side of body
- Move the bad leg and cane - For patients who cannot bear
down weight at the wrist and
- Move the good leg after cannot straighten the elbow
REM: UP WITH GOOD, DOWN HOW TO FIT CRUTCHES
WITH BAD
AXILARY CRUTCHES
- Should be 2-3 finger space
CRUTCHES - Should be at bent 20-30
degrees
AXILLARY CRUTCHES
- Should be 5-8 inches from
- Can transfer as much as 80% side foot
of body weight
FOREARM CRUTCHES
- Better trunk support
- Difficult to free the hands - Elbow bent at 90 degrees
Provides two contacts - Measure the distance from
with body, used both tip of elbow to a point 6
side of the body inches from the side foot
NON-AXILLARY CRUTCHES GAIT
- Can transfer as much as 40- 4 POINT GAIT PATTERN
50% of body weight
- Slow gait pattern
- Better maneuverability
- Provide maximum stability
- Can free the hands
- Forearm crutches – platform LC, RF, RC,LF
crutches
2 POINT GAIT PATTERN
FOREARM CRUTCHES
- Faster than the 4 point gait
- AKA Loft strand crutches pattern
- Has single upright, forearm - Provide good stability
cuff and hand grip
RC AND LF, LC AND RF
- Allows use of hands without
the crutches getting 3 POINT GAIT PATTERN
disengaged
- For patient who cannot put
PLATFORM CRUTCHES weight on one leg
- Faster but less stable
- AKA Troughs
- Crutches and bad leg
- Weight is borne at forearm
- Stairs (good)
SWING GAIT PATTERN
SWING TO PATTERN: - Same measurement a cane
- Elbow bent 20-30 degrees
- Both legs are advanced at
- Handgrip should be ate the
the same level as the
level of trochanter
crutches
HOW TO USE A WALKER
SWING THROUGH PATTERN:
1. Advance the walker
- Both legs are advanced
2. Move the weak leg forward
beyond the level of the
3. Advance the good leg
crutches
forward
STAIR CLIMBING
1. Move the good leg up
2. Move the crutches and
bad leg up
3. Move the crutches and
bad leg down
4. Move the good leg down
REM : UP WITH GOOD, DOWN
WITH BAD
WALKER
- AKA Walking frame
- Relatively stable and easy to
use
FUNCTIONS:
1. Provide a wider base of
support
2. Improve front and side
stability
3. Allow arms to transfer body
weight to the floor
TYPES OF WALKER
STANDARD WALKER – no wheels
ROLLATOR WALKER – have
wheels
HOW TO FIT A WALKER
