IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
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Sustainable Building Materials
To cite this article: D A Suhamad and S P Martana 2020 IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng. 879 012146
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INCITEST 2020 IOP Publishing
IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 879 (2020) 012146 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/879/1/012146
Sustainable Building Materials
D A Suhamad1, S P Martana2*
1,2Departemen Teknik Arsitektur, Universitas Komputer Indonesia, Indonesia.
Email: *ketuapt@ [Link]
Abstract. This research is conducted to inform that a sustainable material is easy to be made and
can be useful for the community. This material is also environmentally friendly. Observation,
precedent, and literature study were used as the research method. The results indicate that the
use of sustainable materials can be used optimally such as bamboo, recycled plastic waste, and
others. As a conclusion, we can find out how important sustainable materials are and the benefit
of a community self-provided material.
1. Introduction
The current state of the earth is quite alarming nowadays. Especially with the issue of global warming
caused by human activities such as industry and the use of materials that are not environmentally
friendly. All of that has an impact on global warming which is dangerous to the earth. One of the
solutions is to reduce the impact of global warming and to apply the concept of Sustainable Design [1].
A building has an impact on its environment and resulted in contributing to global warming [1].
Taking the most groundwater and wasting water are needed so that the surface of the groundwater will
recede [2]. A lot of waste impact, ranging from garbage, dirty water, and household waste pollutes the
environment [3]. It is also contributing to the effects of greenhouse gases, mainly heating from the AC
machine [3, 4]. It also has a bad impact for users, such as health that is beginning to be disrupted and
reduces the efficiency of activities [5]. Besides, when construction begins, it also contributes to many
adverse impacts on the environment, starting from waste materials, noise, smoke and dust, and so on
[6]. Several architectural experts and other experts proposed and made solutions to these impacts,
starting with how to make some recycled materials, design a house to grow, and structure that is light
and fast construction. Adopting the concept of green architecture becomes the main solutions so that the
environment becomes balanced [7-9]. The activist sustainable design movement was started in 1970 and
many buildings have applied the concept [8-10]. At that time, there are many energy-efficient buildings
[10]. Ecobrick is one of the applications of Sustainable material, where the material used consists of
used bottle waste and plastic waste which are combined, then form several modules. At first glance, it
turns out that making sustainable materials is easy to make and can reduce the impact of global warming
[11].
Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a research regarding the development of Sustainable Material.
Therefore, we can find out whether Sustainable Material can be made easily to reduce the impact of
global warming. This research is conducted to inform that a sustainable material is easy to be made and
can be useful for the community. This material is also environmentally friendly. Observation, precedent,
and literature study were used as the research method.
2. Method
This research was conducted with data processing method such as data retrieval, where several examples
of Sustainable Materials and how to process and manufacture them will be discussed. Quantitative
research with descriptive format aims to explain, summarize various conditions, situations or various
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INCITEST 2020 IOP Publishing
IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 879 (2020) 012146 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/879/1/012146
variables that arise in the community. The descriptive format can be carried out in the case study
research. We also distributed the questionnaire as a questionnaire method. Qualitative research is
research that intends to understand the phenomenon that used analytical procedures. This description
describes the application of Sustainable Design and Sustainable Material effect to the impacts of
globalization [12]. The descriptive method is a method of finding facts with the right interpretation by
studying problems in a given community's situation or period including the relationships, attitudes, and
processes. The purpose of descriptive research is to make a systematic, actual and accurate description,
description, and relationships between the phenomena investigated [12].
3. Results and Discussion
In the building, environmentally friendly materials (also known as green building materials) are
materials that used for the production, placement, and maintenance. They should be durable, reusable
or recyclable. It includes materials that can be recycled in their composition and must come from the
resources in the area where the construction activities will take place. These materials also should be
natural (land, adobe, wood, cork, bamboo, straw, sawdust, etc) and must not be damaged by cold, heat
or moisture. [13]
Here are some examples of environmentally friendly materials that can be found easily:
1. Bamboo
The potential of bamboo in Indonesia is promising. Ison bamboo is easy to grow and grow fast with the
harvest period within 3-4 years. Bamboo is expected to replace the expensive and decline commercial
timber. Bamboo has its own advantages compared to wood. Bamboo is grown easier, more flexible and
elastic, easier to work and cheaper. Bamboo can be processed using a low-tech to high, such as in
Europe, America and other countries. Bamboo, in terms of bamboo planting, process technology, hi-
tech applications, and preservation technology is to increase the added and economic value [15].
Bamboo is one of the most developed materials in this era and architecturally widely used. Bamboo is
easy to cultivate, strong and durable. With certain methods, bamboo can last for decades. Below is the
utilization of bamboo materials (Figure 1).
Figure 1. The use of bamboo as a building façade
(source: Teras Cibiru, Bandung. Personal data, 2019)
2. Plastic recycling
Plastic waste is a problem in the current era. Plastic rubbish becomes piled up and cannot be useful.
Research and observation stated that plastic waste can be utilized again. For example, eco-bricks that
turn plastic waste into something useful such as tables, chairs, walls, and also a facade to beautify
buildings. This eco-brick is a collaboration-based technology that provides cost-free solid waste
solutions for individuals, households, schools, and communities. It is lso known as Bottle Brick or
Ecoladrillo. This local waste solution began to be called Ecobrick by a growing community movement
throughout the world [11]. there are a lot of people that still consume food or any product packed in
plastic. Sometimes people try to be creative and reduce waste by making soap at home, but the materials
2
INCITEST 2020 IOP Publishing
IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 879 (2020) 012146 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/879/1/012146
used are still using plastic. It is hard also to just leave 100% plastic due to the fact that almost 90% of
products in supermarkets have been packaged in plastic mostly [11].
If reuse and reduce are difficult, then ecobrick is the solution. Ecobrick is able to provide new life
for plastic waste. Ecobrick is another way to utilize the waste instead of sending it to landfills. With
Ecobrick one will have the opportunity to change the sacrifice of communities and ecosystems in
digesting plastics. It can turn plastics into benefits for the local community and ecosystem. The
characteristics of plastic that are very problematic to use are its longevity and durability [11] (Figure 2)
.
Figure 2. The use of eco bricks as tables and chairs
(Source: Ecobricks, Jul 13, 2015)
3. Glass and ceramic flakes
Broken glass or ceramics are often discarded. Those materials are collected and turned into form
of materials with higher aesthetic value. Below is an example of this application (Figure 3).
Figure 3. Utilization of broken ceramics
(source: [Link], 2014)
4. Used Windows and doors
Aging old windows and doors are often thrown away. It turns out that these objects if neatly
arranged or repainted can increase the value of it. The main attraction below is an example of
the use of used windows and doors (Figure 4).
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INCITEST 2020 IOP Publishing
IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 879 (2020) 012146 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/879/1/012146
Figure 4. Utilization Windows and doors are used former
(Source: Café Hanggar 7, Bandung. Personal data, 2019)
5. Unused Water Pipe
Disposed PVC cannot be easily biodegradable. It will be poluting the soil for hundreds of years
if it is thrown to the backyard. Therefore, waste PVC can be used as a furniture and facade material.
Below is an example of the waste PVC utilization (Figure 5).
Figure 5. utilization PVC perforated for façade building
(Source: Microlibrary Taman Lansia, Bandung. Personal data, 2019)
From the explanation above, it can be stated that inexpensive materials can be used with low prices,
easy to make, and environmentally friendly. It seems to be a general solution to environmental pollution.
4. Conclusion
Sustainable building materials need to be developed and used properly. Other tthan that, it also has
a lot if benefit such as reducing carbon gas, minimizing global warming, minimizing materials and goods
that are not useful.
Acknowledgement
The authors would like to thank the Rector of Universitas Komputer Indonesia and Prof. Dr. Ir. Eddy
Soeryanto Soegoto, who provided material on Entrepreneurship subject, and all lecturers of the
UNIKOM Information System who have provided lots of material on Technology and Information
matter.
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INCITEST 2020 IOP Publishing
IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 879 (2020) 012146 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/879/1/012146
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