RIZAL MEMORIAL COLLEGE
OBLIGATIONS AND CONTRACTS
Atty. Aimee N. Calo
Coverage
1. Obligations and Contracts by Justice Edgardo L. Paras, or any other Obligations and
Contracts book
2. It includes:
Topic 1:
Guidelines
1. Every student is expected to read the textbook and assigned cases. These constitute the
primary course materials. Read the assigned cases in their full text which can be found
either at lawphil.net or chanrobles.com.
2. Every student must join the Zoom Meeting or Google Meeting during the duration of their
class hour.
3. Every student is expected to submit their work on or before the deadline. A student who
is unable to submit their work on time must properly request an extension of the deadline
with a valid cause of their delay.
Attendance
1. Attendance will be checked every class day.
2. Every student has an allowable total of three (3) absences. Any student who goes
beyond the allowable number of absences shall be dropped from the roll and given a
failing grade.
Grades
1. Class Performance (50%)
a. Recitation
b. Quizzes
c. Project
2. Major Exams (50%)
a. Prelim
b. Midterm
c. Semi-Final
d. Final
3. Overall Final Grade
a. Prelim and Midterm Grades (⅓)
b. Semi-Final and Final Grades (⅔)
4. Passing grade is 75%
5. All students are required to take all four (4) examinations. Failure to do so for any reason
shall mean a failing grade of zero (0) for the missed examination. A student who misses
an examination due to valid reasons may be given a completion examination upon
submission of the required documents. Failure to complete a missed examination on the
date set shall result in a failing grade for the missed examination.
6. Removal examination for a failed examination may be given.
7. Any form of cheating shall be given a failing grade.
COURSE OUTLINE
I. OBLIGATIONS
PRELIM
A. General Provisions
a. Obligations (Article 1156)
b. Sources of Obligations (Articles 1157 - 1162)
B. Nature and Effect of Obligations
a. Diligence (Article 1163)
b. When Creditor is Entitled to the Fruits (Article 1164)
c. Obligation in view of Subject Matter (Article 1165)
d. Obligation to Give a Determinate Thing (Article 1166)
e. Positive Personal Obligation (Article 1167)
f. Negative Personal Obligation (Article 1168)
g. Default or Mora (Article 1169)
h. Grounds for Liability in the Performance of Obligations (Article 1170)
i. Liability for Fraud or Dolo (Article 1171)
j. Negligence (Articles 1172 - 1173)
k. Fortuitous Events (Article 1174)
l. Usury (Article 1175)
m. Receipt (Article 1176)
n. Rights of Creditors (Article 1177)
o. Transmissibility of Rights (Article 1178)
MIDTERM
C. Different Kinds of Obligations
a. Pure and Conditional Obligations (Articles 1179 - 1192)
b. Obligations with a Period (Articles 1193 - 1198)
c. Alternative and Facultative Obligations (Articles 1199 - 1206)
d. Joint and Solidary Obligation (Articles 1207 - 1222)
e. Divisible and Indivisible Obligations (Articles 1223 - 1225)
f. Obligations with a Penal Clause (Articles 1226 - 1230)
SEMI-FINAL
D. Extinguishment of Obligation; General Provisions (Article 1231)
a. Payment or Performance (Articles 1232 - 1251)
i. Application of Payments (Articles 1252 - 1254)
ii. Payment by Cession (Article 1255)
iii. Tender of Payment and Consignation (Articles 1256 - 1261)
b. Loss of the Thing Due (Articles 1262 - 1269)
c. Condonation or Remission of the Debt (Articles 1270 - 1274)
d. Confusion or Merger of Rights (Articles 1275 - 1277)
e. Compensation (Articles 1278 - 1290)
f. Novation (Articles 1291 - 1304)
FINAL
II. CONTRACTS
A. General Provisions
a. Contract (Articles 130 - 1317)
B. Essential Requisites of Contracts; General Provisions
a. Requisites of a Contract (Article 1318)
i. Consent (Articles 1319 - 1346)
ii. Object of Contracts (Articles 1347 - 1349)
iii. Cause of Contracts (Articles 1350 - 1355)
C. Form of Contracts (Articles 1356 - 1358)
D. Reformation of Instruments (Articles 1359 - 1369)
E. Interpretation of Contracts (Articles 1370 - 1379)
F. Rescissible Contracts (Articles 1380 - 1389)
G. Voidable Contracts (Articles 1390 - 1402)
H. Unenforceable Contracts (Articles 1403 - 1408)
I. Void or Inexistent Contracts (Articles 1409 - 1422)
