Question on Big Bang Epochs
1. The first epoch after Big Bang is the Planck Epoch. How long did it last?
0 to 10-43 sec after the Big Bang
2. Which of the following is true about Planck epoch?
A) The four fundamental forces were combined into one.
B) The four fundamental forces had equal strength.
C) The temperature of the universe was 103 K.
D) All are correct.
E) Only option A and B are correct.
3. Within t=0 to t=1 sec after the Big Bang, how many epochs are considered to exist?
A) 4
B) 6
C) 35
D) 43
4. The photos that we see today as CMBR takes us back to which of the following epochs?
A) Photon epoch
B) Recombination epoch
C) Reionization epoch
D) Planck epoch
5. Name the first fundamental force that was first separated from the four united forces during one
of the epochs.
Gravitational Force
6. In electroweak epoch, how many separate fundamental forces were present in the Universe?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
7. Name the theory that describes the unification of the four fundamental forces.
The theory of everything/ The unified field theory
8. In which of the following epochs, all the four fundamental forces were separated from each
other?
A) Inflationary epoch
B) Quark epoch
C) Hadron epoch
D) Lepton epoch
9. After the Big Bang, in the Universe, the first neutral atoms were formed in which of the following
epochs?
A) Inflationary epoch
B) Quark epoch
C) Reionization epoch
D) Recombination epoch
10. Out of the following numbers, which one is the smallest?
A) 10-35
B) 10-12
C) 10-6
D) 10-2
11. Name five consecutive epochs starting from the Hadron epoch.
Hadron Epoch-Lepton Epoch-Nucleosynthesis-Photon Epoch-Recombination Epoch
12. What was the temperature of the Universe in Planck epoch?
1035 Degrees
13. Which of the following pair of particles can annihilate upon collision and release equal amount of
energy?
A) Electron and proton
B) Electron and Positron
C) Proton and antiproton
D) Both option B and C
E) All of the above
14. In which of the following epochs, the Universe was filled with quark soup?
A) Quark epoch
B) Hadron epoch
C) Inflationary epoch
D) Hadron epoch
15. In Grand Unification epoch, how many separate fundamental forces were present in the
Universe?
A) 4
B) 3
C) 2
D) 1
16. In which of the following epochs, bosons were created?
A) Inflationary epoch
B) Electroweak epoch
C) Quark epoch
D) Hadron epoch
17. Which of the following epochs had the longest duration?
A) Hadron Epoch
B) Lepton Epoch
C) Nucleosynthesis Epoch
D) Photon Epoch
18. What is the significance of Reionization Epoch?
In this epoch, the Universe was again filled with ionized plasma.
19. Name any three theories on the death of our Universe.
The Big Rip – The Big Crunch- The Big Freeze- The Big Slurp
20. Name the theory, according to which, the Universe will end in a singularity.
The Big Crunch
21. One of the theories on the death of the Universe says, the Universe will end, when all the
chemical reactions, life processes, and energy transfers will cease. Name the theory.
The Big Freeze
22. At what approximate time after the Big Bang did the epoch of Big Bang Nucleosynthesis occur,
leading to the formation of light elements like hydrogen, helium, and lithium?
A) 10^-43 seconds
B) 3 minutes
C) 380,000 years
D) 1 billion years
23. Which of the following is a key feature of the Recombination Epoch that allows us to observe the
Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) today?
A) The universe became dominated by dark energy
B) Matter and antimatter annihilated, leaving behind photons
C) Free electrons combined with protons to form neutral hydrogen atoms
D) Neutrinos decoupled from other particles, forming the cosmic neutrino background
24. Which process occurring during the Lepton Epoch ensured the survival of more matter than
antimatter, ultimately leading to the existence of a matter-dominated universe?
A) Inflation
B) Baryogenesis
C) Neutrino Decoupling
D) Reheating
25. Complete the following reaction.
Electron + Proton = _________________________ + __________________________
Neutron + Neutrino
