Framo

No. 1000-0121-401
Rev.B 04Jul07/AGAa

Cargo Pumps

Operation manual

SD100
SD125
SD150
SD200
SD250
SD300
SD350
 No. 1000-0121-401
Framo Cargo Pumps Date/Sign.: 08Jun98/AGAa
OPERATION MANUAL Page: 2 of 20
Rev. B 04Jul07/AGAa

CONTENTS
1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION ................................ ................................ ................................ ..... 2
1.1 Top plate ................................ ................................ ................................ ..................... 2
1.2 Pipe stack................................ ................................ ................................ .................... 2
1.3 Pump head ................................ ................................ ................................ .................. 2
2 OPERATING INFORMATION ................................ ................................ ................................ 4
2.1 Discharging ................................ ................................ ................................ ................. 4
2.2 Running of pumps in parallel ................................ ................................ ....................... 6
2.3 Stripping ................................ ................................ ................................ ...................... 8
2.4 Purging of cofferdam ................................ ................................ ................................ . 11
2.5 Precautions to be taken when handling special types of cargoes .............................. 14
2.6 Tank cleaning / cleaning of pump ................................ ................................ .............. 15
2.7 Precautions if using cargo pumps in sea water................................ .......................... 16
2.8 Loading of cargo tank................................ ................................ ................................ 17
3 MAINTENANCE INFORMATION................................ ................................ .......................... 18
4 TROUBLE SHOOTING ................................ ................................ ................................ ........ 18

Reference to associated instructions

1000-0109-4: Interchange of pump control valve
1375-0027-4: Service manual for Speed Torque Controller (STC)

1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The Framo cargo pump is a hydraulically driven single stage centrifugal pump – with parts exposed to
cargo in stainless steel as standard material. The pump is installed in the cargo tank with suction inlet
at the bottom of the tank.

1.1 Top plate

The cargo pump is supported by a deck trunk welded to the deck. All the connections are at the top
cover plate, to which the pump control valve STC (Speed Torque Controller) is also mounted. This
control valve for remote and local operation of the cargo pump regulates the inlet pressure to the
hydraulic motor. Thereby the pump speed can be regulated stepless from 0 – to max. speed.

1.2 Pipe stack

The pipe stack connects the pump head to the top plate by a cargo pipe and a hydraulic section. In
addition the stripping pipe, the check pipe and eventually temp. sensor pocket and vacuum drain pipe
are integrated in the pipe stack.

1.3 Pump head

The pump head is welded or flanged to the pipe stack/casing and supported by the bottom support.
The hydr. motor is located inside the pump head and surrounded by low pressure hydraulic oil.
The short shaft, supported by bearings lubricated by hydraulic oil, is connected to a single-stage
impeller. The hydraulic section is surrounded by a cofferdam that completely segregates the hydraulic
oil from the cargo. Leakages to the cofferdam chamber will be purged through the cofferdam check
pipe and collected in the exhaust trap when cofferdam is purged.
The seal arrangement consists of a mechanical oil seal, single cofferdam lip seal and a cargo seal.
The cargo seal is only exposed to static head from the cargo.
The backstop unit installed on the shaft enables the pump to be used as a drop line.
Wear rings are fitted between the impeller and the volute casing.
 No. 1000-0121-401
Framo Cargo Pumps Date/Sign.: 08Jun98/AGAa
OPERATION MANUAL Page: 3 of 20
Rev. B 04Jul07/AGAa

Local control valve Stripping valve

Manometer

Pump control valve (STC)

Cargo
Discharge valve
Cofferdam purging connection Cargo purging
valve/connection

Top plate

Exhaust trap Deck trunk

Flexible suspension

Cofferdam check pipe

Cargo stripping pipe

Hydraulic Pipestack
Cofferdam pipe Cargo pipe

Hydraulic pressure pipe

Hydraulic return pipe

Cofferdam
surrounding
hydraulic section

Bearings
Hydraulic motor

Mechanical
oil seal
Back stop unit

Cargo seal set

Volute casing

Wear rings

Impeller

Fig. 1
 No. 1000-0121-401
Framo Cargo Pumps Date/Sign.: 08Jun98/AGAa
OPERATION MANUAL Page: 4 of 20
Rev. B 04Jul07/AGAa

2 OPERATING INFORMATION Note!

Avoid running pumps against closed cargo valve
2.1 Discharging with high discharge pressure for a longer period.

To get maximum lifetime of the pumps, operate

the pumps within the operation range. 5) Increase hydraulic Manifold Discharge
pressure pressure
125% motor pressure until
required discharge
100%
pressure or
Head H

75% OPERATION
OPTIMUM
100% dp capacity is
RANGE OPERATION achieved. 1P
50% 80% dp 300
RANGE
25% 60% dp 225

20% dp 40% dp 150

0
0 25% 50% 75% 100% 125% 75

Flow Q 0
Check that the hydraulic system is started and BAR ON

enough hydraulic power is available.

Note!
Check that the system pressure is about 20 bar
Operation of pump from cargo control panel:
above the motor pressure of the highest
1) Local control valve and cargo discharge valve consumer.
must be in closed position.
Cargo discharge valve, CLOSED

Cargo purging valve

6) End of discharging
CLOSED When the pump starts to loose suction
(Purging hose disconnected)
(indicated by vibrations and hydraulic pressure
Local control HP service valve, OPEN
valve, CLOSED
Only to be closed when carrying pulsations),
out service work on the pump.
reduce pumping capacity Reduced capacity
to avoid hunting and
dry running.
Stripping valve, CLOSED Empty the cargo
tank at reduced 300
1P

1P
hydraulic motor 225

2) Start the pump and let it run 300

pressure. 150

with hydraulic motor

225
75
150

pressure at approx 50 bar 75

0
BAR ON

for 1 minute. 0
BAR ON
Start

7) When the cargo tank is empty the hydraulic

Manifold Discharge
3) Increase hydraulic pressure pressure motor pressure will drop. Reduced capacity
motor pressure Close cargo
until the cargo discharge valve
discharge pressure and stop
is above cargo the pump 1P

manifold pressure. 300

1P
(handle in
300

225 225

150
minimum 150

75 position). 75
0
BAR ON 0
BAR ON

4) Open cargo 8) If the pump is to be restarted, relieve the

OPEN
discharge valve. vacuum in pump cargo pipe as described
in chapter 2.3, Stripping (page 9).
 No. 1000-0121-401
Framo Cargo Pumps Date/Sign.: 08Jun98/AGAa
OPERATION MANUAL Page: 5 of 20
Rev. B 04Jul07/AGAa

Operation of pump from local control valve:

1) Open local control valve (by turning counter 6) Increase hydraulic motor pressure until
clockwise). Cargo discharge valve must be in required discharge pressure or capacity is
closed position. achieved.

Cargo discharge valve, CLOSED 7) End of discharging

When the pump starts to loose suction
Cargo purging valve
CLOSED (indicated by vibrations and hydraulic pressure
(Purging hose disconnected) pulsations), reduce pumping capacity to avoid
HP service valve, OPEN hunting and dry running. Empty the cargo tank
Local control Only to be closed when carrying
valve, OPENED out service work on the pump. at reduced hydraulic motor pressure.
Reduced capacity

Stripping valve, CLOSED

1P1P
2) Set the remote control 300
300 200

handle in maximum position.

100 300
225
225

(Remote control closed) 150

150 0 bar 400

75
75
0
BAR ON
0
BAR ON

3) Start the pump by 8) When the cargo tank is empty the hydraulic
closing the local motor pressure will drop. Close cargo
control valve discharge valve and stop the pump by opening
(turn clockwise)
200
the local control valve (by turning counter
clockwise).
100 300

and let it run with

hydraulic motor 0 bar 400

pressure 50 bar
for minimum 1 minute.
Open local
control valve
4) Increase hydraulic motor pressure (turn the
local control valve clockwise) until the cargo CLOSE
discharge pressure is above cargo manifold
pressure.
Manifold pressure Discharge pressure

9) Reset for remote control

operation: 300
1P

Set the remote control 225

handle in minimum 150

position (remote control 75

open) and close the 0

BAR ON

local control valve.

10) If the pump is to be restarted, relieve

5) Open cargo the vacuum in pump cargo pipe as
discharge valve OPEN
described in chapter 2.3, Stripping
(page 9).
 No. 1000-0121-401
Framo Cargo Pumps Date/Sign.: 08Jun98/AGAa
OPERATION MANUAL Page: 6 of 20
Rev. B 04Jul07/AGAa

2.2 Running of pumps in parallel

This is a general description for running pumps
in parallel. 5) Open cargo discharge OPEN
valve.
1) Local control valve and cargo discharge valve (Ref. fig 27, pos. A-B)
must be in closed position.

Cargo discharge valve, CLOSED

Cargo purging valve

6) Start offloading and raise the hydraulic
CLOSED motor pressure command to maximum
(Purging hose disconnected)
(fig.27, pos C).
HP service valve, OPEN
Local control Only to be closed when carrying
valve, CLOSED out service work on the pump. Manifold pressure
Note! Discharge pressure
Handle in
maximum
position.
Stripping valve, CLOSED
1P
300

225

150

2) Start the hydraulic SYSTEM PRESSURE

75

0
system and set the BAR ON

system pressure to 200

100 300
about 100-150 bar. PRESSURE SET

(Depending on piping 0
bar
400
7) Start the second 300
2P

system, cargo sp.gr., cargo pump against 225

visc. etc.) closed cargo 150

Also see performance diagram for actual pump. discharge valve as 75

described in step 3. 0
BAR ON

1P Start
3) Start the first pump and 300

let it run with hydraulic 225

motor pressure at 150 8) Check that pump discharge pressure is

approx. 50 bar for 1 75 higher than manifold pressure. If necessary
minute. 0
BAR ON
adjust the motor pressure until the cargo
(Ref. fig. 27 pos. A) discharge pressure is just above cargo
Start manifold pressure and then open cargo
discharge valve.

Manifold pressure Discharge

4) Increase hydraulic Manifold Discharge
pressure
pressure pressure
motor pressure
until the cargo Note!
Handle in
discharge maximum
pressure is above position.
cargo manifold 300
1P
2P
pressure. 225
300

225

150 150

75
75
0
BAR ON
0
BAR ON

9) Start offloading and raise the hydraulic motor

pressure command to maximum (the handle
in maximum position).
Verify that the ullage in the tank is increasing.
 No. 1000-0121-401
Framo Cargo Pumps Date/Sign.: 08Jun98/AGAa
OPERATION MANUAL Page: 7 of 20
Rev. B 04Jul07/AGAa

10) Start the next pumps, one by one, following 13) When a cargo tank becomes empty, close
the same procedure, ref. fig. 27 pos. E-F. the cargo discharge valve and stop the
Ensure that enough hydraulic power is pump (handle in minimum position).
available for the pumps to be run in parallel.

11) Increase the hydraulic system pressure until

required discharge pressure or capacity is
achieved, ref. fig. 27 pos G-H-I.

12) During parallel pumping with differences in 300

1P

tank ullage and pressure losses in deck 225

150

piping – it is sometimes required to readjust 75

the hydraulic motor pressure on some of the

0
BAR ON

cargo pumps to adjust individual capacities. Stop

Manifold pressure Discharge pressure

14) If the pump is to be restarted, relieve the

vacuum in pump cargo pipe as described
in chapter 2.3, Stripping (page 9).
SYSTEM PRESSURE

200
100 300

0 400
bar

4P 3P 2P 1P
300 300 300 300

225 225 225 225

150 150 150 150

75 75 75 75

0 0 0 0
BAR ON BAR ON BAR ON BAR ON

A) Increase hydraulic motor pressure.

Cargo discharge valve closed.
125%
A-B) Open cargo discharge valve.
100%
C) Increase hydraulic motor pressure.
Head H

75% 100% dp
80% dp D) Open cargo discharge valve - 2 pumps.
A
50%
B C 60% dp
Pressure loss E) Open cargo discharge valve - 3 pumps.
25% 40% dp discharge system
20% dp F) Open cargo discharge valve - 4 pumps.
0
0 25% 50% 75% 100% 125%
G-I) Increase hydraulic system pressure
Typical capacity/head diagram Flow Q
for one cargo pump running (4 pumps running).

125% Pressure loss

discharge system
I
100%

H
75%
G
A
Head H

50%
F
B C D E

25%

0
0 25% 50% 75% 100% 125%

Typical capacity/head diagram for four cargo pumps running Flow Q

Fig. 31
 No. 1000-0121-401
Framo Cargo Pumps Date/Sign.: 08Jun98/AGAa
OPERATION MANUAL Page: 8 of 20
Rev. B 04Jul07/AGAa

2.3 Stripping
Stripping is to remove remaining cargo in pump cargo Minimum required hydraulic pressure to prevent
backflow through impeller
pipe upon completion of the discharge operation. 8
The stripping is done by running the pump at reduced

Purging medium pressure

hydraulic motor pressure against closed discharge 6

in cargo pipe (bar g)

valve while purging the pump cargo pipe.
4
The remaining cargo is then purged into the deck line
through the stripping valve. 2

The pump impeller acts as a non-return valve, 0

preventing cargo from returning to tank. If the pump 60 80 100 120
Hydr. motor pressure (bar)
speed (hydraulic motor pressure) is too low, cargo will
flow through the impeller back to the tank. Fig. 32

The arrangement of deck piping must be taken into

consideration when stripping. Optimal procedure for
Cargo deck line
tank stripping to be based on experience on board. back pressure
Cargo purging valve/
The best stripping result is obtained when stripping connection (B)
against lowest possible backpressure. At increased
back pressure cargo flow is reduced, and stripping
time is increased. High cargo viscosity will also Cargo discharge
Purging
increase stripping time. medium
valve (D)
supply (A)
Examples:
Stripping
Purging press. - Static head - Back press. = Available purging valve (C)
pressure
Local
I 7 bar - 2 bar - 0 bar = 5 bar control valve
II 7 bar - 2 bar - 3 bar = 2 bar
Static
Pressure (bar)
8 Purging medium head
Purging pressure
7 medium
Available pressure
6 purging Pump
pressure cargo pipe
5 Available
purging
4 pressure
Back
3 pressure

1 Static head Static head

0 Flow

Reduced stripping flow at Stripping flow at

increased back pressure min. back pressure
Stripping pipe
Fig. 33

Estimated time to empty the pump cargo pipe

(Backpressure 0 bar(g), 1cSt, spgr. 1.0) *
SD100 / SD125 / SD150 2 – 4 min.
SD200 / SD300 4 – 7 min Fig. 34
SD350 8 – 9 min

* Time will be influenced by pump length, back pressure, piping system, type of suction well, cargo,
purging medium pressure etc.
 No. 1000-0121-401
Framo Cargo Pumps Date/Sign.: 08Jun98/AGAa
OPERATION MANUAL Page: 9 of 20
Rev. B 04Jul07/AGAa

Stripping procedure
Preparations
Relieving vacuum in pump cargo pipe Purging of cargo deck line Relieving deck line pressure
Purging B CLOSED CLOSED
medium
A 1) When the tank is CLOSED
OPEN supply A
empty, close cargo
Purging B
medium D CLOSED discharge valve(D) OPEN CLOSED CLOSED
supply and stop the pump.
CLOSED C OPEN/CLOSE
2) Connect purging hose
to the purging medium
supply (A) and cargo 5) Purge the cargo 6) Relieve the deck
purging valve (B). deck line either line pressure into
to terminal line, the tank by open
3) Relieve vacuum in slop tank or and close
pump cargo pipe by other cargo tank stripping valve (C).
opening valves at in accordance with
purging medium supply ships procedure.
(valve A and B). Close the manifold
valve.
4) Close the cargo purging
valve (B).

Note!
Purging medium
pressure in the hose
Pump must always be
stopped higher than the
pressure in the
cargo pipe.

Stripping

CLOSED
Purging 7) Start the pump by using the local control valve, and
medium A increase hydraulic pump pressure to 90-120 bar.
supply
B CLOSED
CLOSED Note!
Optimum hydraulic pressure depends on cargo specific
C OPEN gravity and viscosity, purging medium pressure, static
head etc., and must be based on experience on board.

8) Open stripping valve (C)

9) Open cargo purging valve (B) to start the stripping.

10) Continue stripping until pump cargo pipe is empty, identified by frequent speed variations
of pump.

Note! Do not run the pump unnecessary during stripping.

11) Close stripping valve (C) and valve at cargo purging connection (B).

12) Stop the cargo pump.

13) If necessary, purge the cargo deck line and repeat the stripping sequence.

14) Close valve (A) and disconnect purging medium hose.

Alternatively the pump can be stripped into a slop tank through a dedicated deck line.
Pump running It is also possible to strip to a cargo deck line at low manifold pressure, however
stripping time will increase with increased cargo pressure.

Fig. 35
 No. 1000-0121-401
Framo Cargo Pumps Date/Sign.: 08Jun98/AGAa
OPERATION MANUAL Page: 10 of 20
Rev. B 04Jul07/AGAa

Water test procedure according to Marpol Annex II

Ensure that the cargo tank to be tested and Test hose

Min. Ø75mm
its associated piping have been cleaned and
that the cargo tank is safe for entry.

Provide 100kPa (1 atmosphere) back Manifold 10m

valve
pressure at the cargo tank’s unloading
manifold, see fig. 36. Cargo piping

Fig. 36 Suggested back pressure manifold arrangement

- Fill the cargo tank with water to a depth necessary to carry out normal end of discharge operation.
Water test with sea water must be followed by a thoroughly rinse with fresh water to remove
chlorides.

- Purge and relieve pressure in cargo piping according to “Stripping procedure” step 1 to 6.

- Follow the normal stripping procedure.

Start timing when cargo purging valve is opened, ref. step 9. Stop timing when stripping valve
is closed, ref. step 11.

- The time taken to be recorded.

- Residues to be collected and measured.

Note! Residues in cargo deck line to be measured separately.

Log the results

Residues (liter)
Tank no Duration (sec)
In suction well On tank top
Water residues
in tank after
water test.

Fig. 37
 No. 1000-0121-401
Framo Cargo Pumps Date/Sign.: 08Jun98/AGAa
OPERATION MANUAL Page: 11 of 20
Rev. B 04Jul07/AGAa

2.4 Purging of cofferdam

This procedure describes purging of submerged cargo
pumps with «dry» cofferdam. (For submerged cargo pumps
CLOSED with liquid filled cofferdam, refer to instruction 1000-0102-4.)
Vent. line
The cargo pump cofferdam is essential for segregation of
CLOSED
CLOSED
the pump hydraulic section from the cargo – and for seal
CLOSED monitoring. Purging to be carried out at regular intervals for
Drain valve
the purpose of:
- Leakage rate detection
- Condition monitoring of the shaft seal system
- Avoid that leakages are blocking the cofferdam
Purging
Flexible hose with
snap-on coupling
medium How to purge the cofferdam

Cofferdam purging connection

CAUTION:
Exhaust gas and liquid may be hazardous.
Purging medium supply
Wear safety gear and avoid contact with drain from exhaust
Relief valve trap and venting line.
Exhaust trap
Preparation:
1) Place a suitable container underneath the exhaust trap to
collect the leakage.
2) Check that drain valve at bottom of exhaust trap is not
Exhaust gas blocked.
Container to 3) Drain the purging medium supply line for condensed
collect the leakage water.
4) Connect purging hose (max. supply pressure 7 bar).

Cofferdam Purging:
check pipe
5) Start the purging by opening the valve at purging medium
supply line.
Note!
A relief valve is fitted at cofferdam purging connection. This
is set at 3-3,5 bar to limit the purging pressure for protection
of the pump seals. A small leakage from the relief valve is
normal when liquid is purged from cofferdam. The valve will
also open if the cofferdam is blocked.
6) Check that exhaust gas is coming out of the exhaust trap
vent line (to verify that cofferdam is open).
CAUTION! Exhaust gas and liquid – watch out !

7) Purge cofferdam in several sequences if required.

Drain exhaust trap between each sequence.
8) Disconnect purging hose.
Fig. 38
9) Close exhaust trap drain valve.
10) Log the amount of leakage, -evaluate the result.

Note! For handling special cargoes, ref. chapter 2.5.

 No. 1000-0121-401
Framo Cargo Pumps Date/Sign.: 08Jun98/AGAa
OPERATION MANUAL Page: 12 of 20
Rev. B 04Jul07/AGAa

Purging intervals, - logging of purging result

LOADING VOYAGE DISCHARGE

1. Shortly before 1. 1-2 days after loading. 1. Shortly before
loading. discharging.
2. If no leakage at step 1, purge every fortnight. 2. Shortly after
discharging.
3. If leakage is detected at step 1, or at a later stage
during the voyage, purge this pump every day.
4. If pumps are used for cargo circulation during the
voyage, the cofferdam must be purged before start
and after stop.

Note! Neglecting of purging can result in a blocked cofferdam and lack of leakage control.

The purging form should be filled in with the results from every purging operation. Each
horizontal line in the form represents one cargo in one tank from loading till discharging. If a ship
loads and discharges some tanks more frequently than other, an extra form should be filled in for
those tanks.
RESULT:
If no leakage, write OK.
If leakage, write amount of leakage in litres and
type of leakage. Open cofferdam:
Type of Date of (Example: 1H= 1 litre hydraulic oil, 1C= 1 litre cargo, Yes= air or liquid coming through Note action taken -
Tank no.
cargo purging 1 H/C= 1 litre mixture of hydraulic oil and cargo). No = blocked cofferdam new parts installed etc.

PURGING ROUTINE FOR FRAMO SUBMERGED CARGO PUMPS

SHIP NAME:__________________________________ VOYAGE NO.: __________________________________
NOTE: Electronic copy: [email protected]
In "Result" column: If paper copy: Frank Mohn Services AS
H = hydr. oil Ship owner: Electronic/ Paper copy
C = cargo
W= water condensate A B C D
For long voyages with
In "Open cofferdam" column: "no leakage at A"
Yes = air or liquid coming through Shortly 1-2 days If no leakage at A go to C. Shortly Shortly
purge at least every
No = Blocked cofferdam before loading after loading If leakage at A purge this pump before unloading after unloading
fortnight.
every day
Tank Cargo Date Result Open Date Result Open Date Result Open Average Date Result Open Date Result Open State action taken,
No. coffer- coffer- coffer- result coffer- coffer- new parts installed, etc.
dam dam dam dam dam

Signed by: Chief Officer Chief Engineer Pumpman

Fig. 39 Example of FRAMO purging form

Filled in purging form to be sent to Shipowner and to Framo([email protected]).

(Green copy for the ship, red copy for the Shipowner and white copy for Framo.)

Ship’s crew to evaluate the purging results and to take necessary action – however in case the
ship’s crew needs advice, contact a Framo Service Station.
 No. 1000-0121-401
Framo Cargo Pumps Date/Sign.: 08Jun98/AGAa
OPERATION MANUAL Page: 13 of 20
Rev. B 04Jul07/AGAa

Evaluation of the purging result

Cargo leakage Hydraulic oil leakage

A small leakage rate of up to about 0.5 l/day Hydraulic oil in the cofferdam normally
(and higher with light cargoes) during pump indicates shaft seal leakage, but might come
operation is normal. from flange face seals in pipe stack/ pump
head or damage in the pipe stack/pump head.
Acceptable leakage rate depends on the type of
cargo and possible consequences in case of A small leakage rate into the cofferdam up to
leakage. about 10 ml/h (0.25 l/day) from the
- Risk for clogging of pump cofferdam mechanical oil seal or lip seal during pump
Cargoes like naphtha, condensate etc. operation is normal. For short periods of time,
penetrates the shaft seals more easily than higher leakage peaks can occur.
lubricating oils, vegetable oils and other viscous
cargoes. If the leakage rate is increasing above
It is therefore recommended to carefully monitor acceptable level, the pump must be purged a
the leakage rate over a period of time, couple of times daily, and inspected as soon
preferable with different type of cargoes. as possible to find the reason for the leakage.
Intensify the purging if the leakage rate is
For critical cargoes, when the leakage rate is increasing above the acceptable level. If this
about 2 litres/day or higher, the pump must be is not keeping the leakage under control,
purged a couple of times daily and service close the hydraulic service valve. Depending
(pressure test-repair) carried out at first of the nature of the cargo consider to use the
opportunity. portable pump to discharge the cargo.

Intensify the purging if the leakage rate is

exceeding acceptable limits. If this is not Blocked cofferdam
sufficient to keep the leakage under control it In general we do not recommend to operate
must, depending on the nature of the cargo, be the cargo pump with blocked cofferdam.
considered to discharge the tank using the For advice, depending of type of cargo etc.,
portable pump. contact a Framo Service Station.

Cargo leakage to cofferdam normally indicates

shaft seal leakage. But the leakage might come
from flange connections or damage (cracks/pin
holes) in pump/pipe stack (ref. chapter 4,
Trouble shooting).

The development of a cargo leakage can be

monitored if purging is done according to
instructions. Thereby maintenance work can be
planned, and unexpected shut down due to
leakage can be avoided.

Note! Always remember to pressure test the cofferdam with 3 bar to locate the leakage prior to any
dismantling of the cargo pump.
 No. 1000-0121-401
Framo Cargo Pumps Date/Sign.: 08Jun98/AGAa
OPERATION MANUAL Page: 14 of 20
Rev. B 04Jul07/AGAa

2.5 Precautions to be taken when handling special types of cargoes

The main rule is to have the cofferdam clean, dry and vented to atmosphere through the exhaust trap
vent line, in order to detect leakages easily. However, when handling certain groups of cargoes it may
be an advantage to fill the cofferdam with liquid to improve the seal lifetime and to avoid solidifying
cargo blocking the cofferdam. Recommended type of liquid to be filled into the cofferdam for some
groups of cargoes is given below.
This is a general advice, only experience can define which liquid gives the best result for the great
number of different types of cargoes.
Acid cargoes Phenol, caustic soda etc.
After discharging and purging is finished, it A circulation of hot water through the cofferdam
may be an advantage to circulate fresh can avoid clogging.
water through the cofferdam to remove all Note! Remember that some of these types of
residues after a leakage. cargoes are very hazardous.

Polymerising cargoes. (TDI, MDI) Heated oil products (fuel oil, crude oil)
Fill cofferdam with dioctyl phthalate(DOP) to Fill cofferdam with diesel oil/white spirit to keep
limit the risk of blocking the cofferdam. any leakage into cofferdam in liquid form. (This is
especially important after stripping and during
Crystallizing cargoes (molasses, etc.) tank cleaning.)
Fill cofferdam with fresh water. The
cofferdam may also be arranged with a
small water circulation.

CLOSED
Vent. line Filling
To fill liquid in the cofferdam, disconnect the
CLOSED exhaust trap piping from the pump top plate. Using
a suitable adapter, fill the liquid through the
CLOSED
cofferdam check pipe. Open the purging connection
to ventilate the cofferdam during filling. (Connect an
open female coupling or similar).
Open purging
connection
Fig. 40
Circulation
A circulation of liquid through the cofferdam can
CLOSED be arranged in the following way:
- Connect liquid supply to the purging connection.
The supply line must also be equipped with a
OPEN
valve to regulate the liquid flow.
CLOSED
CLOSED - Open drain valve on the exhaust trap, and
Liquid collect the return liquid here.
return

Note!
When filling or circulating liquid in the cofferdam,
it is important that the hydraulic oil return pressure
Liquid
supply always is higher than the pressure in the cofferdam.
This is especially important on hydraulic systems
Flexible hose with Valve for
snap-on coupling regulation of flow with non-pressurised return line.
Fig. 41

Solidifying cargoes (in cargo tanks with heating coils)

To prevent the cargo to get solid (freeze) inside the suction well, circulate the cargo at intervals by
starting the cargo pump.
 No. 1000-0121-401
Framo Cargo Pumps Date/Sign.: 08Jun98/AGAa
OPERATION MANUAL Page: 15 of 20
Rev. B 04Jul07/AGAa

2.6 Tank cleaning / cleaning of pump

For viscous/solidifying cargoes Note!

During tank cleaning the pump should be run at Remains of cleaning water in suction well to be
approximately the same flow rate as cleaning removed to avoid galvanic corrosion.
water / liquid supply.
Halfway the tank cleaning time close the cargo
discharge valve, open the stripping valve and
operate pump for a short period in order to get
a good cleaning of wear rings, seal rings, Suction well
pumps parts and stripping pipe. empty
Then open the cargo discharge valve and run
the pump to complete the tank cleaning
operation.
Galvanic
Cleaning water left in pump's cargo pipe is to cell
be stripped as described in chapter 2.3.

For corrosive cargoes

Tanks to be cleaned should be filled with a Fig. 42
large amount of cleaning water to dilute the
corrosive cargo. Note!
After tank flushing the same cleaning If steam is used to clean the pump, the
procedure as for viscous / solidifying cargoes steaming out period must not exceed 10
should be followed. minutes, to avoid damage of seals or hydraulic
motor. Always purge the cofferdam before tank
washing with steam.

Note!
If using sea water or brackish water for tank
cleaning, see chapter 2.7.
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Rev. B 04Jul07/AGAa

2.7 Precautions if using cargo pumps in sea water

Seawater tank cleaning (Continuous circulation)
Tank cleaning The nominal corrosion rate for stainless steel in sea
80
water is low. However, under certain circumstances,
Seawater temp. oC

70 local corrosive attack can take place and the corrosion

rate might be severe. High chloride concentrations and
60
low pH increase the probability of pitting and crevice
50 corrosion as do high temperatures and stagnant
solutions. Tank cleaning using sea water must
40 therefore be carried out according to qualified
procedure.
2 4
Max. exposure time, hours - In general the tank cleaning should be carried out
within limited time frame at temperature below
Fig. 43 60°C. Higher temperature up to 80°C can be used
for a shorter period. (Fig. 37, for guidance only.)
- Avoid pH values below 6,5. Check carefully if the
ship has been carrying acids.
- If hot seawater is used, cool immediately with cold
seawater until surface temp. is below 40°C before
fresh water rinse. This to avoid concentration of
chlorides from evaporation on hot steel surfaces.
- Tank cleaning with seawater must be followed
by a thoroughly rinse with fresh water to remove
chlorides.

Sea water for heavy ballast

- When possible, take clean seawater in open sea
Seawater temp. oC

40 and avoid contaminated harbour water.

Ballast
30 - Empty the tanks as soon as possible when the
20 ballast is no longer required or when the testing is
finished.
10
- Carefully clean the tank and the pump to ensure no
chlorides remain on surfaces.
2 4 6 8 10 12
Max. exposure time, days
Fig. 44
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Rev. B 04Jul07/AGAa

2.8 Loading of cargo tank

In general it is recommended to start the loading slowly to avoid pressure surges in the cargo pipe line
and the pump. Correct operation of valves is important. Open / close valves slowly !

If a separate drop line is installed,

Cargo discharge valve
CLOSED it is recommended to load through
Cargo line
the drop line only.
Loading pressure
Max. 8 bar
If required to load through the pump,
OPEN valve
use following procedure:
Drop line
Note! For sampling procedures,
ref. charterer's requirements.

- Keep manifold valve closed until

the cargo reach the manifold.

- Open manifold valve partly to fill

cargo line on deck.

- Open cargo pump discharge valve

and drop line valve slowly.

- Open manifold valve slowly until

required pressure/capacity is reached.

Note! Maximum acceptable loading

pressure when loading through
Fig. 45 Arrangement with separate drop line – the pump is 8 bar at the pump
loadin through the drop line onl top plate.
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OPERATION MANUAL Page: 18 of 20
Rev. B 04Jul07/AGAa

3 MAINTENANCE INFORMATION
Prior to entering a cargo tank for doing Caution: Venting gas and liquid may be
service it is essential to become familiar hazardous.
with the ship's safety rules and
requirements regarding cargo-handling To prevent skidding and minimize the risk of
equipment. Do not enter a cargo tank fire it is important to remove oil spill during
before the tank is confirmed gas free and maintenance and servicing work. The
safe. Before doing service on pump, always operator should be confident that all flange
close and lock the hydraulic pressure inlet connections are in satisfactory condition so
valve and purge the cofferdam. Purge as to prevent hydraulic oil and cargo spills.
cofferdam according to chapt.2.4.

Close the cargo discharge valve. Ensure

that the valve is in closed position until the
work/service is finished (info sign to be
placed at the control panel/computer).

4 TROUBLE SHOOTING
Warning: To prevent damage from hazardrous cargoes, take necessary precautions, wear safety
gear and avoid contact with spray/gases.

Symptom: Possible reason: Remedy: *)

COP operational problem General Ref. system service manual - Trouble shooting
(First it is necessary to section
verify if the problem is in
the pump control system or
in the pump unit itself).
The pump will not start a) Cargo pump remote a) Ref. instruction for Remote control system
control system failure
b) Pump control valve b) Ref. Instruction for Pump control valve – STC
failure
c) Pump impeller stuck.
c1)Frozen /solidified cargo c1) Heat the cargo in the pump suction well.

c2)Foreign objects stuck in c2) Pump unit to be inspected.

pump or other
mechanical problem
Pump is vibrating heavily a) Control system problem a) Ref. instr. for Pump control system.
b) Rotating parts out of b) Impurities stuck in impeller or other
balance. mechanical problem.

Too low pumping capacity a) Control system problem a) Ref. instr. for Pump control system and instr.
for Pump control valve.
(If required interchange pump control valve
as described in instr. 1000-0109-4)

b) Worn wear rings. b) Pump unit to be inspected

Impurities stuck in
impeller, or other
mechanical problem
*) Ref. instruction for maintenance and r epair for actual pump.
 No. 1000-0121-401
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Rev. B 04Jul07/AGAa

Symptom: Possible reason: Remedy: *)

Noise(non return valve) Check hydraulic motor inlet pressure – pressure

and vibration when loading above 15-20 bar indicates malfunctioning back
through the pump. stop unit.
Damaged back stop unit Change back stop unit.
Contact a Framo Service Station..
Not possible to purge the a) No or insufficient a) Check valves, hose connections and purging
cofferdam (no air, inert gas purging medium supply medium relief valve (open at approx. 3 bar).
or liquid coming out of the
check pipe when purging)
b) Blocked cofferdam b) Check the exhaust trap and the piping on
(See also chapter 2.4) system deck for blockage. Open if possible.

b1) Disconnect check pipe from pump unit

(lower seal house) – watch out for possible
pressurized liquid in cofferdam!!
By carefully purging check if the blockage is
located in the check pipe or in the pump/
Note! pipe stack cofferdam.
In case steam is used in Depending on the nature of the medium
attempt to clear a blockage blocking the cofferdam system use steam or
in pump cofferdam system solvent to dissolve the blockage.
pay special attention not to Dismantling of pump might be required.
over pressurize the
pump/pipe stack
Note! Pressure test pump after assembly.
Cargo leakage to pump General Pressure test pump cofferdam system at approx.
cofferdam. 3 bar.
Note! Check for leakage – if required spray with soapy
(See also chapter 2.4)
Always pressure test pump water to locate the leakage.
prior to and after
dismantling. This is required
to locate possible leakage
and to confirm no leakage
upon completion of repair.

a) Worn cargo seal a) Replace cargo seal set.

Note; If no leakage is Also, carefully check ceramic sleeve for
detected by pressure test possible damage-wear.
it is likely that the cargo
leakage to cofferdam is
caused by worn cargo
seal. (the upper seal lip is
sealing when pressurizing
cofferdam).

b) Leaking seal element in b) Check for loose bolts and for pitting corrosion
flange connection in seal faces – in case of corrosion repair is
required.
When assemble,renew damaged seal
element.
c) Crack/pinhole in piping
c) Contact a Framo Service Station.

*) Ref. instruction for maintenance and repair for actual pump.

 No. 1000-0121-401
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OPERATION MANUAL Page: 20 of 20
Rev. B 04Jul07/AGAa

Symptom: Possible reason: Remedy: *)

Hydraulic oil leakage to General Drain the pump return side prior to dismantling.
pump cofferdam. Disconnect pump head/unit from pipe
stack/casing.
(See also chapter 2.4)
Pressurize pump unit return side at approx 4 bar
and check for leakage to cofferdam side.
Pressure test pump pipe stack / casing at max 7
bar on cofferdam side and check for leakage to
return side.

a) Leaking shaft seal a)Replace shaft seal (replaced seal to be

reconditioned if feasible)

b) Leaking seal element in b) Check sealing surface for possible damage –

flange connection. repair if damaged.
When assemble, renew damaged seal
element.
c)Crack/pinhole in piping
c) Contact a Framo Service Station.

*) Ref. instruction for maintenance and repair for act ual pump.

Note!
Evaluate if changed parts as sleeves, mechanical seals etc. are possible to recondition.
Send these parts to a Framo Service Station and ask for an evaluation.