ABSTRACT
This presentation examines the evolution of India's educational system through three key
phases: the pre-British era, the colonial period, and the post-independence phase, using a
historical-comparative methodology. It highlights how India's education system has
transitioned from traditional learning methods to a Westernized framework introduced by
British rule, and finally to a post-colonial system focused on inclusivity, literacy, and
modernization. In the pre-British era, education was largely decentralized, with gurukuls and
madrasas playing a key role. Religious institutions such as temples and monasteries provided
education in subjects like philosophy, mathematics, and languages (e.g., Sanskrit). The British
introduced a Western-style education system, focusing on English and science. Macaulay’s
Minute of 1835 emphasized creating a class of educated Indians for administrative roles,
sidelining traditional learning systems. Although this system increased access for some, it
marginalized indigenous knowledge and deepened social inequalities. However, educated
Indians eventually used this system to challenge colonial rule and advocate for reforms. After
1947, India’s focus shifted to improving access and quality of education. Key reforms included
the Kothari Commission (1964-66) and the National Education Policy (2020), which promoted
universal literacy, vocational training, and modern curricula. This research provides a
historical view of India’s educational journey and the impact of colonial and post-colonial
reforms on modern education. By analysing the shifts across these phases, it offers insights into
how historical lessons can inform ongoing reforms in India and globally. Through research
and data collection on the historical context and colonial impact of the evolution of Indian
education system on the masses, we ensure a coherent walk-through of information through
various topics and subtopics covered via engaging visual aids and comprehensible texts.
Guaranteeing a perfect presentation through rehearsals, punctuality, feedback and response.
This project enables us to get a detailed analysis and a historical sense of view on the Indian
education system. It sheds light on the educational paradigms of now and then. As a result, we
stand to gain unique insights into the ongoings and policies of education, be it nationally or
globally.
Keywords
GURUKULS, MACAULAY’S MINUTE OF EDUCATION, KOTHARI EDUCATIONAL
COMMISSION, DIGITALIZED EDUCATION, NATIONAL EDUCATION POLICY(NEP)
2020.
