Ill. Match the following mt 1. (0) 2. (d) 3. (a) 4. (b) 5. (c) 7. (d) 8. (c) IV, Assertion-Reason Type Ques eat 1. (b) Both the statements (A) and (R) are correct sb ae 2. (a) Both the statements (A) and (R) are correct an i TL is false 3. (c) Statement I is true but Statement 4, (b) Both the statements (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the right explanation 5. (d) Statement I is false but Statement II is true (R) is not the right explanation, is the right explanation of ;, EST CBSE QUESTIONS JUESTION 1: aeen and state the various elements of communication se aed in the following (a) Department ‘A’ has sent an encoded message to department ‘B’ through internet. Wp, is the role of internet here? (6) Madhur is making gestures so that he can send a message to Ranbhir. What is doing here? (©) Ranbhir is trying to understand the message sent by Madhur by reading his gesture What is Ranbhir doing here? (@) Kamesh picks up his phone and finds a message on it. He reads the message care! What is the role of Kamesh here? (CBSE Sample Paper 2023-202) ANSWER: (@) Media: Media is the path through which encoded message is transmitted to rece like through a face to face interaction, phone call, internet etc., (®) Encoding: Encoding refers to the process of converting the message into comm symbols such as words, pictures, gestures etc., (©) Decoding: Decoding is the process of converting encoded symbols of the sere" (d) Receiver: Receiver refers to the person who receives communication of the QUESTION 2: Elon Reeve Musk is a top-level executive with diverse leadership roles of (@) Founding and leading companies such as SpaceX, Tesla and The Boring Compan @ Assuming the roles of CEO and Product Architect to guide Tesla’s operations innovations, (c) Engaging in engineering and technical as] re Sp. ‘pects to drive the development of Sp Projects. What are the three essential functions he is likely performing in his (CBSE Additional Practice Paper 202 ANSWER: The three essential functions that Elon Reeve with diverse leadership roles are outlined be (@) Founding and leading companies s Musk is likely performing as a top-level ex: elow: uch as SpaceX, Tesla and The Boring Comp2"Y 184 Case Studies Mentor in Business Studies-XIlReeve Musk is involved in taking responsible for their overall ee ee pp asuming the roles of CEO and Py tions: In his role as C| jnnovations: In s CEO and Product to oversee the day-to-day operations of eects jenovational approach in the development of ee iiéeri és Engaging in engineering and technical as i fects: As Chief Engineer of SpaceX, [1 ineering and technical aspects of th e - le com) ey Beye es space en Sony Pp tn : lative and launching these companies and al, growth and vision. 0 QuesTION 3: the following scenarios and identi Ana 8 identify the specific barriers to effective communication ine (CBSE Additional Practice Paper 2023-2024) jo 1: During a team meeting, two peeions Beeiproject’s Meine As i pe reece from different status have different itp Bt delays they end up working on different timelines, ‘Scenario 2: In an email exchange between team members, one team member uses technical jagon and industry-specific terms that others may not fully understand. As a result, some team members misinterpret the message, leading to misunderstandings and misaligned tasks. Scenario 3: A team member consistently interrupts others during team discussions, not allowing them to express their ideas fully. This behaviour leads to frustration among team members and limits open and constructive communication. Scenario 4: During a virtual team meeting, poor internet connectivity causes frequent disruptions and audio glitches. As a result, some team members miss crucial information, and the overall meeting efficiency is reduced. ANSWER: The identified barriers to effective communication in each scenario: Scenario 1 Barrier: Status Differences: In this scenario, r status backgrounds their interpretations of the project deadline a1 situation may arise when the team members differ in terms of their ‘ Work forms, and work practices to meeting deadlines. This may be leading to confusion delays in project execution. Scenario 2 Barrier: fechni * i come so habitual to use technical Technical j 2 ial a particular field become so habitual ee re ee ay even do so while communicating it) ET Who are not the s Baticts in the concerned field. In most of the situations, the te nical Words are beyond Pre comprehension of the recelv ssult, it hampers the pro ication. Scenario 3 Barrier: , ge es ot Tako stenton: When the rcever of ESE i being ee. nder the proces ton Pepe cated. it is ee ae red so he/she is not listening 200-5 ANSWER: (a) Incentive provided to the employees by Lilly: Productivity linked wage incentives: An organisation adopt incentive based plan in order to motivate workers towards increasing productivity. Un system the remuneration of the employees correspond with their performance |: incentive system may be adopted either at individual level or at group level with, an organisation. (6) Incentive provided to the employees by Milly: Employee Recognition: It refers to the act of acknowledging with a show of appre There is an innate desire in every individual that their good work is duly re Therefore, every organisation should adopt a suitable employee recognition pr So as to activate its employees motivate in the desired manner. QUESTION 5: Nitya is a student of class XII of a well-known her teacher always finds fault in her work. XII, her teacher wanted to appreciate Nil before she could complete her sentence, school. She has a preconceived notion th One day while checking the project work ot c tya for her hard work and good performance, Nitya left the room without listening to he (Delhi 202: (q) Identify the type of barrier and the category of barrier to which it is related. (b) Explain two other communication barriers of the type/category identified in (0 ANSWER: (a) Premature Evaluation - Psychological barrier (b) The two other psychological communication barriers are: (i) Lack of attention: When the receiv is being communicated, it is lik ) above er of the message does not pay attention, to wh ely to hinder tl I the process of communication my may happen because the receiver's mind is pretcoun, > he/she is #0 Preoccupied and so he listening carefully to what is being communicated (ii) Distrust: The process of communication adversely affected in the situations Wh the sender and receiver do not trust each other. In 5 comprehend the message in its original sense. uch cases they are unab 186 P Case Studies Mentor in Business Studies-XIITION 6: QuesT ffered shares of its com gt offer pany to its employees at a price less than market price. (Delhi Comptt. 2023) tify the incentive offered by the ci (@ Iden! ; ed by the company and state the type of incentive discussed other incentives Pe! (@ State two entives of the type of incentive identified in (a) above. ae ; a) es Sonal ~ Co-partnership is the incentive offered by the company. f) (@ Bonus: A bonus payment is an incentive offer f ‘ 0 RAGS adlary paid to them, ‘entive offered to the employees over and above (ii) (Saale ae ee incentive, the employees of the organisation are provided e z er s of the organisation. This approach is based on the belief that e success of an organisation is a result of dedicated efforts of its employees. QUESTION 7: Alka is working in the Accounts Department of ‘Modern Locks Ltd’ Her mother is not well and to attend to her she wanted to take leave for one week. For this, she went to the Senior Accountant, Manoj and discussed her problem. At that time Manoj was simultaneously checking the Balance Sheet of the company. Since his mind was preoccupied in some work, he did not listen to Alka attentively and could not understand her problem. Alka was quite disappointed with the behaviour of Manoj. (a) Identify the type of communication barrier discussed above (0) Also explain any three barriers of the same type. (Delhi Comptt. 2020) ANSWER: (@) Psychological Barrier/Lack of attention. (b) The other three Psychological Barriers are detailed below: ( Premature evaluation: When the receiver of the message tries to interpret the message even much before the senders completes the message it leads to premature evaluation. Ufiderstand situations the receiver understanding of the message is based onuthe basis, of the past on prejudice, perceptions and past experiences (i) Loss by transmission and poor retention: Many a times when the message has to be routed through various levels, it is likely to be distorted. Moreover in certain situations people are unable to retain the required information for a long period of time. This may happen because, they are not attentive or not interested in the content of the communication (iii) Distrust: The process of commu the sender and receiver do not trust each othe comprehend the message in its original sense QUESTION 8: a Stnthak Steel several initiatives have ae ariety of work content, providing i s that IF - . Ere through designing ee work, providing fringe benefits like housing, medical mety about future income 2 various incentives. Identity and briefly explain the , allotment of shares in line employees. (CBSE Sample Paper 2022-23) Meentives being given by the organisation to the nication adversely affected in the situations where . In such cases they are unable to her improve the motivation levels Directing > 187ANSWER: 1 to its employ. . rthak Stee! ployees are ives being given by Saa 2 The various types of Incentives i Bl ed with designing jobs in a manner “ ii rn ‘i t: Job enrichment is concernes 1 of know! 7 ig SES eas af work content, requires higher level of knowledge gives the employees more autonomy and responsibility; and provides opportyn, k experience. | growth and a meaningful worl . (Job security, Job security creates 2 sense of stability in the employee abou i from the related stro come. It relieves them : a in terms of both work and iMtnem to contribute more enthusiastically towarg inui nd inspires 4 ie te eae teal goals. However, gametes it en been obsery, the feeling of job security tends to make people complacent and’ as a result become lazy or start evading work. (0) Perquisites: Under this incentive, the employees are offered perquisites and {;, benefits like housing facility, car allowance, reimbursement of medical expenses, education of children etc. The incentives are provided over and above the sal order to motivate employees in any manner. (@) Co-partnership/stock option: Under these incentive schemes, the shares of 4 company are offered at a set price to its employees which is lower than market Sometimes, management may allot shares in line of various incentives payable i» cash. As a result an employee will be motivated to contribute wholeheartedly for he growth of the organisation. QUESTION 9: Mr. Pawan Kumar, the CEO of an e-Commerce start up, which was facing the problem huge employee turnover, decided to hold a meeting with the managers to discuss the ise While addressing the managers in the meeting, he advised them to take certain measure which focus on psychological, social and emotional factors, in order to motivate emp Explain any two such measures discussed by him, when he suggested that job shoul made interesting so that the job itself becomes a source of motivation, employees should congratulated for good performance, also, stability regarding future income and work shou be provided to employees, in order to develop a positive attitude among the subordinates (CBSE Sample Paper 2021-22 ANSWER: The two incentives that Mr. Pawan Kumar is refering to are outlined below: (mention an (a) Job enrichment: Job enrichment is concerned with designing jobs in am. offers greater variety of work content, requires higher level of knowle: gives the employees more autonomy and responsibility; and provides opportunity ' personal growth and a meaningful work experience. (6) Employee recognition programmes: Recognition refers to the act of acknowl with a show of appreciation. There is an innate desire in every individual that ¢ good work is duly recognised. Therefore, every organisation should adopt @ st employee recognition program so as to activate its employees motivate in the des! manner. : (c) Job security: Job security creates a sense of stability in the employee about fut terms of both work and income. However, sometimes it has been observed that t"® feeling of job security tends to make people complacent and as a result they ™? become lazy or start evading work ¥ 188 > Case Studies Mentor in Business Studies-XIl10: Jatin American, while closing losing a business de Nat ; atk Uged & ren considered offensive in spa, away a businessman from Seah business set and he backed away. State the sn, anslated. This made the sanicatiOn: 'e semantic barrier to effective g r (CBSE, OD 2019) A is : ns is the semi faall¥ translation antic barrier to effective communic: Question 11: pete ed as a Shop Level Manager in i una joins BITE! Bechuse of his sa REE: feu Department of a Textile Company in fe Company in the year 2010. He had Status and Beate F eealy Prodtiction Manager die company, On 1st March, 201, he Ms and was well respected by y. Kunal was very happy on his promotion as now he eee pee ible of becoming. As a good manager, Kunal d e had become what he was apa b lecided to motivate his subordinates, af nderstanding the Need Hierarchy Theory which is based on — malized that people’s behaviour is based on their needs and the manaser can pron, He [haviour of his Employees by satisfying their needs. ao (a) One of the Assumptions of Need Hierarchy Theory i i e aph State the other three Assumptions of this Theory, cesta aise Paer=nt (#) State the Needs of Kunal which are being satisfied through Promotion. (CBSE, OD 2019) ‘ation in the above case. ANSWER: (a) Maslow’s theory is based on certain assumptions as stated below: ( People’s needs are in hierarchical order, starting from basic needs to other higher level needs. (ii) A satisfied need can no longer motivate a person; only next higher level need can motivate him. (iii) A person moves to the next higher level of the hierarchy only when the lower need is satisfied. (6) Kunal’s Needs aré)being satisfied through “Promotion” which are stated below (@ Esteem Needs: The esteem needs relates to self respect for oneself and the prestige or status of self in the eyes of others. Satisfaction of esteem needs boost the morale of the employees and stimulates them for higher performance. Therefore, every Organisation should give recognition, challenging jobs, praise promotions etc. to the high achievers. (i) Self Actualisation Need: According to Maslow, “Self actualization needs are the desires to become everything one is capable of becoming nerally pene work towards fulfillment of this need only when their first for needs are pate : This need reflects the inner desire of an individual for personal satisfaction. At e sel ctualization needs of their it is sible anagers to assess the self actual Bere nt poset reedom and flexibility to operate to Rama However, BY Hy a ae them to satisfy this need the competent employees, the managers Directing > 189QUESTION 12: Handsen is His 104 managers who can perform ¢ the group but only when need: is absolutely essential He supports them and suppl (a) Identify the leadership sty! ° () With the help of diagram, explai ‘Ne’ Ente! v, one of the Nee documen ; heir tasks creatively their own Cae ‘ vor ‘ jes them the require Je adopted by Handsen. in the other two the CEO of stories have bee and a‘ members to work on authority. ANSWER: (a) Laissez faire or free-rein leaders! (b) The other two leadership styles b: @) (i) Chief Executive Officer of 190 PB Case Autocratic leadership z ‘An Autocratic leader is the one who believ« centralising control in his own hands and does not take any advice from his subordinates. Under autocratic leadership style, there is only one-way flow of communication because a manager gives command to his subordinates, who in turn are only expected to fulfill the command. A leader can use both reward and punishment as motivation es in depending upon the performance of the subordinates. Autocratic style of lead: ; world’s most successf, re He chooses highly motivated , i dequately without his he) nd resolve issues themselves, He ituation. He does not use poy, for his people to learn ¢,, .d information to complete the ass igne Com, nd P. He leadership styles based on y, (CBSE, OD » hip is the leadership style adopted by Hang ased on the use of authority are de: is considered to be suitable in the situations where targets have to be short notice, the subordinates new and not well versed with the job etc Democratic or Participative _ leadershi democratic leader encourages active participation ofa subordinates in the process of decision making and action although the final authority rests with him. He encourages his subordinates to take Ge initiative and give their opini i pinion about vari aspects related to the work. pera aah Teativity and competence. on Manag Studies Mentor in Business Studies 1 emer control by using forc P lered to be suitable when the s 1 Ra le when the organisation through their ative pets Of their job and can ac QUESTION 13: Chintamani is the Producti steel. During the eae i . ig the year a the company rae manufacturing and compan, , Meet its production Y Constituted a committee of experts to fit ter,(CBSE, OD 2019) nes of communication barriers di of ¢ ation barriers discussed above are outl sational barriers: When the factors related Peay oe lated t th flow of communication organisational a ee may arise as a result of the organisational We aaa MMe Nucawonltentataa te © Rik « nt etc. onal barriers: When the personal factors related to both |e and influence on effective communiation Seen cer of ser personal values are said to exist ior uarvirs re and subordinates are mentioned below: eg eee each of the types identified in part (a) because k Ltd. ot meet its production targets are as follows ional barriers: s and regulations: In some organisations, the top management may restrict the flow of communication within the organisation through rules and regulations. ‘result, the process’of communication may become cumbersome and also result in eeGlobaleindia Ltd? had rigid rules and would insist on communication bed channels, which led to delays.” isation structure: It has been observed that the MiSometimes may even be distorted if it has to be ta! ‘umber of managerial levels. number o} communication nsmitted f managerial levels causing further ~The company also had a and distorted communication. “ onal barriers: jistrust: The process of co? ender and receiver do not tr ehend the message in its oni uations where affected in the sit are unable to they mmunication adversely must each other. In such cas ginal sense ‘om a reputed business MBA fri ni ould like to join. Jeting the e tion they W Rajat, Raman Pak othe woo ogee ge i ork w! ic] Bi: | retire from his rvice Directing. > 191 ggP riate skill development plan, Raman wanted to workin Co igrer levels in essen z adaig® © ice conpey sidan aE MT Ansh said that the would prefer to work in an Siar eertth employees PF op e. autonomy, is considerate to employees and Taare = personal growth and a meaningful work experience: — (@) Identify the various financial and non-financial ince scussed by the iy, friends in the above conversation. (b) Explain three other non-financial incent them. tives which were not discussed by any on. (CBSE, OD, 2, ANSWER: (a) The various financial incentives discuss by th are as follows: (i) Rajat — Retirement benefits (ii) Raman - Perquisites The various non-financial inside discuss by the three friends in the given conversat, are as follows: (i) Rajat — Job security (ii) Raman ~ Career advancement opportunities (iif) Ansh ~ Organisational climate and job enrichment (b) The other three non financial incentives which were not discussed by any one 0! the are stated below: (i) Employee Recognition: Recognition refers to the act of acknowledging, with ast of appreciation. There is an innate desire in every individual that their work is duly recognised. Therefore, every organisation should adopt a suitable emp Tecognition program so as to activate its employees motivate in the desired m A few of the most commonly used techniques employee recognition ar below: * Congratulating the employee for good performance. * Displaying on the notice board or achievement of employee. * Installing award or certificate for best performance. * Distributing mementos, services. three friends in the given conversa in the company news letter abot complimentaries like T-shirts in recognition of & + Rewarding an employee for (ii) Employee participatior in the process of decision for giving valuable suggestions. 18 a proven fact that encouraging employee pati“? making of the issues which relate to them ¢ au of motivation. An organisation may enco"S* e Sin many ways like by forming of joint ma __ committees, work committees, canteen Retirees: _ (iii) Employee Empowerment: powers to subordinates. The i is that their jobs are importance te Of empowering employees makes ‘mpowerment means giving more autonomy § 192 P Case Studies Mentor in Business Studies-XI}Sation a r at times she al she is able to unify effective control she uses forces SO makes uses of positive aspects diverse interests and ensure that many theories and styles of influencing people’ ies a | dhya which is based on the use Staudt nae e two positive aspect of the communication ah as an intelligent manager. vera CaSarD Ge a iour. Identify the style le used by Sandhya which is based on the use of authority is Democratic style positive aspect of informal communication are stated ‘below: sIps to satisfy the social and emotional needs of the members by all their personal matters. ee be used effectively by the managers for speedy transmission of any ation and also to gauge views/reactions of employees about various iswace gh grapevine. d in a call center. Her team manager did not wish to be contradicted and gave ding on the result. State one benefit of the style of leadership being followed (CBSE Sample Paper 2018) a x ig Autocratic style of leadership. One of the benefits of the that it can be effective in work environments where decisions the sole decision making responsibility rests with the leader, chef of ‘Khidmat’ restaurant located in the city of Bangaluru. The place exquisite Mughlai cuisine especially mutton biryani and kababs. All red under Roshan’s purview. The various activities in the kitchen are iy his instructions. He is very clear and specific in issuing instructions © 1 order to ensure smooth working of the department. He personally poe ed by the chefs for preparation of each dish. He miss é no om ates for their good work. All his team members feel vee) be REN p direction. He provides constant guidance to en ro eee d presentation and also encourages them to innovate 3 Directing P 193. joned in the above paragray) In the above context: aaa Healers eo Be ious ele! (a) Identify the variou' importance of directing lines from the PABMPD yo highlight the IPO" recting a, 0 (6) Describe briefly any tW0 P of management. a f directing mentioned in the above paragraph arg and specific in issuing instruct N oth working of the department. s the method followed by thy (a) The various elements 0! in ( Communication: “He is Very subordinates in order to (ii) Supervision: “He persona preparation of each dish: a " tant gui (iii) Leadership: “He prea nase eceiteaes them to innovate and be mor taste and presentation in their work.” (iv) Motivation: “He misses NO} ly oversee’ opportunity to praise his subordinates for their go, f management is described be! irectit function 0! (b) The importance of directing as @ jon ty @n ane action: Directing helps to initiate action by people in the "rt fives, It is the first execution towards attainment of desired objec management. (ii) Integrates employees’ efforts: Directing seeks to integrate the individual employees in the organisation towards the realisation of the organisational » (iii) Helps to realise their potential: Directing provides effective guidance, mot leadership to the employees so as to enable them to realise their potent: =| capabilities. (any two) QUESTION 2 Neeraj has been working as a sewing machine operator in an export house fo ten years. His basic work is to seam the parts of a garment together, and attac hooks, zippers, and accessories to produce clothing. Considering the fact that \e experienced operator, he is well versed with the fundamentals of industrial pro: possesses good communication skills. The plant superintendent in the factory 1c Neeraj’s name to the production manager for the post of supervisor which wil ae eee ea at tbe Present supervisor. Consequently, Neer ini ee the export house, he is offered free medical aid andl edacaton io hoe nec the types of financial incentives offered to Neeraj by quoting lines from the ANSWER: e The types of financial incentives offered to Nee (i) Pay and allowances: “his salary is increa (ii) Perquisites: “as per the policy o education to his two children,” QUESTION 3: After completing his bachelor’s He observed there that the raj are as follow sed accordingly.” f the export house, he is offered free in computer senior manage, Science, Abhijeet joined an IT co Ment more often communicates 194 P Case Studies Mentor in Business Studies Xi_ qhey rarely shared any good news related to the 5 Tits employees for their extraordir jet never Felt eNCOUTARED enough tg i, Abe avenues for employment, growth of the firm or give any ‘ary contributions towards the firm. As a work up to his full potential and started text of the above case: ' 7 .d explain the element of directi a yan ae irecting in the absence of which the employees don’t jot eo >wER: i ‘ i ment of directing being referred to is motivation Nee ised ti r ; tarted his own consultancy firm under the 4 , vaya U2 , e name ‘Happy Go Lucky’ after work e ae years in a company as a wedding planner. Considering the fact that wai fritora Hele i id motivation is a complex s: ie business an : mplex process, Atulia wants to offer such rewards we es nefits that will help to fulfill the various needs of the employees and will fare tier iy teir best to the Organisation. in context of the above case: (a) Why is motivation considered to be a complex process? ( Name the various types of needs that exist in/a hierarchy within every human being ‘Also, suggest any two suitable incentives for each of these that Atulia may offer to his employees. . ANSWER: (a) Motivation is considered to bea complex process as the individuals may differ in their expectations, perceptions and reactions. Therefore, the same type of motivation may not have uniform effect on all the persons. (0) The various types of needs that exist in a hierarchy within every human being are stated below: ( Basic Physiological Needs:These needs are most basic in the hierarchy and are linked to primary needs like hunger, thirst, shelter etc. Atulia may fulfill these needs of his employees by providing basic salary and the necessary breaks to use the bathroom and eat and/or drink. (ii) Safety/Security Needs: These needs offer security and protection from physical and emotional harm. Atulia may offer job security and safe working conditions to his employees for the fulfillment of these needs. (ili) Affiliation/Belonging Needs: These needs refer to affection, sense of belongingness acceptance and friendship. Atulia, by encouraging cooperative teamwork and by being an accessible and kind manager, can fulfill these needs of his employees. (iv) Esteem Needs: These include factors such as self-respect, autonomy, status, recognition and attention. Atulia may give praise and recognition when the employee does Well, and offer promotions to fulfill these needs of his emplo (®) Self Actualisation Needs: It is the highest level of need in the hie drive to become what one is capable of becoming. These needs include self-fulfilment and achievement of goals. Atulia, by providing challengin and giving them flexibility and autonomy in their jobs, may fulfill these needs of "is employees. work Directing B 195e basement of her residence after .,, inted ten employees to take care o¢ ith each employee to tell exactly wh, he/she SE cerplopecs openly car of him/her and what he/s : t wherein the €! yes hehe ironmen dla Sw ook etter oI es other in order to , oe lead to spreading rumours which are not au! In context of the above case: (a) Name and explain the two aragraph. ene (b) a ‘does effective communication increa QUESTION 5: aie iat Sunidhi has started a designer al tppol masters in fashion designing: °° aspects of the work. She interacts types of communication being referred to ses managerial efficiency? ANSWER: (a) The two types of communication being referre communication and informal communication. (i) Formal communication: The communication that flows through offic signed in the organisation structure is called formal communicati munication may take place between a subordinate and superior or amon team employees or managers. Usually a written record of such comm maintained, recorded and filed in the office. Formal communicatior classified as - Vertical and Horizontal. (ii) Informal communication: Informal communication is the type of commun takes place without following the formal lines of communication. It is » referred to as the ‘grapevine’ because it spreads throughout the organis» its branches going out in all directions in utter disregard to the lev The informal communication arises out of needs of employees to © views, which cannot be done through formal channels. (b) Effective communication increases managerial efficiency by lubricati be eolirg organisation through quick and effective performance of mana It enables the management to express the goals and targets, issue insti jobs and responsibilities and look after the performance of subordir QUESTION 6: Gagan has joined as a Mana, d to in the above parag aging Director of True Help Ltd, le assistance to the vehicle owners. He was prev Joining incentive, the comp: has enti) the g incentive, the company ly the type of financial incentive offered | incentives to ¢ , a company e ANSWER: Co-partnership/Stock option i Th Fo buona ttiettypetef Anaricial incent other method that can be used re incentive offered to Ga Bonus is an incentive offered over anc aE seanelal incentives to the emp QUESTION 7: ee ees Yash has set up a smal detergents. In order to alary to the emplo’ 1 scale man Nufactu: ‘ market his pace Unit for making different varietie’ © aihas a8 employed a team of five s“!° 196 P Case Studies Mentor in Business Studies-xu XIas been assigned specific are 2s i psa the objectives to achieved” te city. He holds during the for each month which is mutually’ agree by both onth. A sales target is pre- oe aueceeds in reaching this target 5 pores! Paid out t. ; te onthly salary: ine text of the above case: fp what style of leadership is adopted by Yash? Explain b Name the type of non financial incentive ("heir involvement in deciding the monthly ANSWER: ic style of leaders ) The democratic style of leadership is adopted by Yash, A de @ his subordinates to participate in the proc js able to motivate his subordinates to Y quoting lines from the para. being offered to the salesmen by seeking targets of the firm h. A democratic leader encourages ess of decision making. Thereby, the manager Perform their best, as they themsel ves have set the goals. ¥A sales target is pre-determined for each month which is mutually agreed by both Yash and his sales team.” ) (W) Employee participation is the type of non financial incentive that is being offered to the salesmen by seeking their i involvement in deciding the monthly targets of the firm QUESTION 8: Priyank works as a banquet manager in a hotel the work that is assigned to him frequently ini autonomy and responsibility and provided and a meaningful work experience. In context of the above case: (a) Define the term ‘motivation’. (6) What are the measures used to motivate the employees to improve performance known as? Give its classification. (© Identify the type of non-financial incentive being offered to Priyank. ANSWER: (@) Motivation ‘refers to the process of stimulating people to action to achieve desired Boals. (0) The measures used to motivate the employees to improve performance are known as incentives. These incentives may be broadly classified as financial and non-financial (9 Job Enrichment is the type of non-financial incentive being offered to Priyank QUESTION 9; is i i ation that is best known for running one of a attratona cores eb (WWW). Every day, 200 million people Stgest search engines on the World Wide Web fy, day, 200 milion people Wet Google was named the 2014 “Best Company to Work For” by the Great Plce werk titute and Fortune Magazine. The organisation rae the list for ae pains all fridays where there is an examination Rg S00em 8 Say he ee at ‘st eye oe ae RitNatieRey Ghaniislerinclude Go i ici eir ideas and annels i omens te (24 hour sprints wholly dedicated to fixir 1. He feels highly motivated at his job because volves variety of challenges. He is given more with ample opportunities for personal growth i ; an 4 specif ONS: @ wide variety of surveys, Fixi reprints wholly Problem) and en direct emails to any of the Google leader Directing > 197 aIn the above context: ite be: by Google Inc. by (a) Identify the type of communication barrier being overcome Y Provigi,, a sae of eas of expression to their employees to communicate their ide. a thoughts. ; . (b) Briefly explain any two other types of communication barriers. ANSWER: (a) Organisational barrier is being overcome by providing organisation facilities throug a number of channels of expression to their employees to communicate their i, and thoughts. (&) Two other types of communication barriers are described below: (i) Psychological barriers: Sometimes the emotional or psychological factors 2 barriers to communicators. Thus, the state of mind of both sender and rece; of communication reflects in effective communication. For example, prem: evaluation, distrust etc. (ii) Semantic barrie These barriers are concerned with problems and obstructions in th process of encoding and decoding of message into words or impressions. Norma such barriers result on account of use of wrong words, faulty translations, differen interpretations etc. QUESTION 10: Nikhil runs a small dhabba on the Jaipur highway. He is very rigid and follows a policy of punishment like cutting the salary, stopping increments or giving job termination threats to his workers for any kind of discrepancies in their work. He does not seek advice or opinions from his workers, as he does not have any confidence on the competence of his workers. Also, the workers are not willing to offer useful suggestions as they do not ¢ any motivation or incentive for taking such initiatives. As a result, the labour turnov high and his business has been adversely affected In the above ‘context: (@) Name and explain the style of leadership adopted by Nikhil (b) Identify the various human needs of workers that are being overlooked by Nikhi per the Maslow’s need hierarchy theory of motivation. (0) Identify the type of communication barrier created by Nikhil due to which the wore suppress their need to communicate with him. ANSWER: (a) The autocratic style of leadership has been adopted by Nikhil. An autocratic |e expects strict compliance from his subordinates with regard to the orders instructions given by him. Therefore, it involves only one-way communication (b) The various human needs of the workers that are being overlooked by Nikhil #5 P* the Maslow’s need hierarchy theory of motivation are listed below: (i) Basic Physiological Needs: These needs are most basic in the hierarchy and are to primary needs like hunger, thirst, shelter etc. (ii) Safety/Security Needs: These needs offer security and protection from phys! emotional harm. (c) Personal barriers have been created by Nikhil due to which the workers supp" need to communicate with him freely. 198 P Case Studies Mentor in Business Studies-XIILack of confidence of superior on his sub the competency of thei Plicedinangy oueee superiors do not have confidence ‘Lack of proper incentives: If there is no oe ay Not seek their advice or opinions. nates May not take initiative - reward or appreciation for a good su; to offer useful suggestions, ation or incent live for communic: ; ‘ation, eae ae For example, if there is no Bestion, the subordinates may not be willing a vs pursuing a course in gemmology from Australi f fet Pens father’s jewellery business in Delhi, He is ed-ey coe bene Surat to workers understand only Hindi and Gujarati, Hence, hear ee ea the work due to miscommunications betw i . Hence, he started facing problems inthe sallery, desi between him and the workers. As a result, he ino getthe jewellery designs made in the desired manner and getting them 1 cee ai out to be very expensive. getting them redesigned In eontext of the above case: Define the term ‘communication’ {o) Identify the type of communication barrier being referted to in the above paragraph wunication is a process by which people ¢reate and share information with one snother in order to reach common understanding. (@ Semantic barrier is being referred to in the above paragraph. QUESTION 12: Shui Mahila Griha Udyog, Lijjat Papad, popularly known as Lijjat, is an Indian women’s cooperative involved in manufacturing of various fast-moving consumer goods. The ion’s main objective is empowerment of women by providing them employment ities, It was started in theyyear 1959 with a seed capital of 80. Lijjat is headquartered in Mumbai and has 81 branches and_27 divisions all over India. Since the quality of papads can vary due to quality of water used in various parts of India. To avoid any inconsistencies, the final products are tested in the Lijjat’s laboratory in Mumbai. In the monthly meeting: the quality issue and modifications are tested. The central office purchases and distributes all intain the quality of the final product. For example, the urad dal is imported is imported from Afghanistan, and black pepper comes from Kerala kes surprise visits to various branches to assure that production conditions are hygienic. On successive failures of a branch to abide by the organisation's y of consistent quality and production of papacs, the central committee reduces "wages of its members by 1 rupee. The member-siste instance, in previous years the member-sisters at the . Several issues of Lijjat Patrika enumerate the names of the isters, who were rewarded for their extra efforts. of the above case: and explain the fun are also rewarded for extra Rajkot branch received %4,000 names/numbers ctions of management being described in the above ph. the type of motivation being provided to the membersisters 7 briefly the various types of incentives being provided to mem lines from the paragraph verssisters by Directing D199i -. —_ gement being de, na ee the two functions of mai (0) Directing and Controlling ar i - the above paragraph: instructing, guiding, motivating and leading isational goal: Directing refers to the process 0! rganisati goals, in the organisation for the Puro” 1 means ensuring that acti jeving 0 of achievi | a ities in an ‘organisation are performed , Controllin, plans, (b) Both positive (©) The various types of incen aie., (i) Bonus ~ financial incentive: “In previous Y* branch received %4,000 each Sati =e i Recognition — non-finan su ; (i EmpeyesRecogiion = nan the members rewarded for their extra efforts.” i i th ae 4 negative motivation is being provided to the member-sist, and ne} i ided to member-sisters are stated },, tives being prov! the member-sisters at 1,» QUESTION 13: ; 7 Jack Welch was chairman and CEO of General Electric between the year 1981 ap During his tenure at GE, the company’s value rose 4,000 %. When he retired from cp | received a severance payment of $417 million, the largest such payment in history. i. remarked “If you pick the right people and give them the opportunity to spread their and put compensation as a carrier behind it, you almost don’t have to manage them In context of the above case: (@) Identify the style of leadership he is referring to in the above lines. } (b) State any three features of the style of leadership as identified in part (a) of the g ANSWER: (a) The Laissez-Faire style of leadership is being described in the above lines (©) The three features of Laissez-Faire style of leadership are being described (9 The leader give high degree of freedom to the followers to determine their objectives and devise ways to achieve them. (i) The leader does not believe in the u it becomes absolutely essential (Gi) he toMiowers dette FeeporeM My far We Were to be carried out by ther QUESTION 14: After pursuing a course in gemmology fro ym Ay i supplement his father’s jewellery businese oe Bante local skilled workers understand only Hindi and Guess f ; ise of power in normal work situations Raj started a workshop in S used to speaking in En |. Hence, he started facing In context of the above case: (a) Define the term ‘communication’, b i ote B Me the oa of communication barrier being referred ; est any four m¢ fy meferres i meaeove Pa” ¥ four measures by which he can improve his « ee i ffectiver= is communication ele 200 Case Studies Mentor in Business Studtesx)according to the needs of receiver: Raj sh Id adjust his communicati g to the education and underst, eva Sap Ree pe ‘anding levels of his subordinates. Of message: The contents of the message, tone, which the message is to be communicated ‘ommunication. ? feedback: He may ensure the success of communication by asking regarding the message conveyed. Thus the communication Process may oved by the feedback received to ensure that the workers have understood clearly. ¢ p communications: He should do a regular (follow up and review on the s given to the workers. Such follow up measures help in removing any, in implementing the instructions. Sa