ALKANE AND ALKENE
1
But-1-ene has the structure CH3CH2CH=CH2.
What is the structure of poly(but-1-ene)?
2 The diagram shows part of the molecule of a polymer.
Which diagram shows the monomer from which this polymer could be manufactured?
3 In which row are the monomer and polymer chain correctly matched?
4Ethene forms an addition polymer as shown.
Which terms describe this polymer?
A a saturated compound called poly(ethane)
B a saturated compound called poly(ethene)
C an unsaturated compound called poly(ethane)
D an unsaturated compound called poly(ethene)
5 In the polymerization of ethene to form poly(ethene), there is no change in
A Boiling point
B Density
C Mass
D Molecular formula
6 Chloroethene, CH2=CHCl , can be polymerised.
Which diagram represents a section of the polymer?
7 The diagram shows the structures of three compounds.
Why do these three compounds belong to the same homologous series?
A They all contain carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.
B They all contain the same functional group.
C They are all carbon based molecules.
D They are all flammable liquids.
8 What is the main constituent of natural gas?
A carbon dioxide
B ethane
C hydrogen
D methane
9 Butene is an alkene which is manufactured by cracking hydrocarbons.
Which hydrocarbon can be cracked to make butene?
A ethane, C2H6
B decane, C10H22
C methane, CH4
D propane, C3H8
10 Ethanol is an important chemical produced by the ……1…… of ……2…… .
Which words correctly complete gaps 1 and 2?
11 Which columns describe the hydrocarbons ethane and ethene?
A 1 (ethane) and 2 (ethene)
B 1 (ethane) and 4 (ethene)
C 2 (ethene) and 3 (ethane)
D 3 (ethane) and 4 (ethene)
12 In which reaction could one of the products belong to the same homologous series as the organic
reactant?
A addition of steam to ethene
B combustion of an alkane
C cracking of an alkane
D polymerisation of ethene
13 Which reaction is used as a test for alkenes?
A Alkenes burn in air to give carbon dioxide and water.
B Alkenes decolourise aqueous bromine.
C Alkenes form polymers when heated in the presence of a catalyst.
D Alkenes react with steam to form alcohols.
14 Which compound does not belong to the same homologous series as the other three
compounds?
A CH3OH B C2H5COOH C C2H5OH D C7H15OH
SECTION B
Q1(a) Cracking is used to convert long chain alkanes into shorter chain alkanes and alkenes.
Alkenes
are unsaturated compounds.
Decane, C10H22, can be cracked to give propene and one other product.
(i) Complete the chemical equation.
C10H22 → C3H6 + ............... [1]
(ii) What is meant by the term unsaturated?
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(iii) Describe a test to show that propene is an unsaturated compound.
test ......................................................................................................................................
result ...................................................................................................................................
[2]
(b) Propene can be polymerised. The only product is polypropene. The equation for the
polymerisation is:
(i) Name the type of polymerisation that occurs.
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) Give the empirical formula of
propene, ..............................................................................................................................
polypropene. ........................................................................................................................
[2]
Q2 (a) An homologous series is a ‘family’ of organic compounds whose names have the same
ending.
(i) Name the homologous series for which the names of the organic compounds end in -ene
and -oic acid.
-ene ............................................................................................................................... [1]
-oic acid ......................................................................................................................... [1]
(iii) State two characteristics of an homologous series.
.............................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................... [2]
(b) The structure of prop-2-enoic (acrylic) acid is shown.
(i) What would you see if prop-2-enoic acid were added to
aqueous bromine, ................................................................................................................
(ii) Prop-2-enoic acid can be polymerised to form poly(acrylic acid).
Suggest the type of polymerisation that occurs and draw one repeat unit of the polymer.
type of polymerisation .........................................................................................................
repeat unit
(c) Alkanes and alkenes are hydrocarbons.
(i) What is meant by the term hydrocarbon?
.............................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................... [2]
(ii) State the general formula of:
(iii) alkanes ...............................................................................................................................
(iv) alkenes ...............................................................................................................................
[2]
(d) When one mole of bromine, Br2, reacts with one mole of propene, one organic product is
formed.
(i) Which part of the propene molecule reacts with bromine?
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) What is the name of the type of reaction which takes place between bromine and
propene?
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(e) When one mole of chlorine, Cl 2, reacts with one mole of propane, a mixture of two structural
isomers is formed.
(i) What is the name of the type of reaction which takes place between chlorine and
propane?
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(iii) Draw the structure of two structural isomers formed when one mole of chlorine reacts with
one mole of propane.
[2]
Q3 The table below shows some properties of the fi rst fi ve members of the alkane homologous
series.
(a) (i) What do you understand by the term homologous series ?
............................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................... [2]
(ii) Deduce the molecular formula for pentane.
...................................................................................................................................... [1]
(iii) Describe how the boiling points of these alkanes change as the number of carbon atoms
increases.
...................................................................................................................................... [1]
(iii) Deduce the density of liquid ethane.
...................................................................................................................................... [1]
(b) Methane is a fuel which is a gas at room temperature.
State the name of a fuel which is:
a solid at room temperature, ......................................................................................................
a liquid at room temperature. ..................................................................................... [2]
