guide GR6 V1 11/10/15 11:45 AM Page 1

Collection : PUISSANCE

Mathematics
Elementary level
th
6 year

GR6
Edition 2009
Teacher’s Guide
Volume 1
guide GR6 V1 10/11/15 11:42 AM Page 2

Authors

N. BADR K. ATTIEH
A. MOARBES H. NASSAR
C. MERHEB M. EL ASMAR
G. KARROUM

Editors

AL- AHLIA

Composition and
page arrangement
Al-Ahlia Pre-press

Printing press

The modern press

AL- AHLIA

Distribution

Zouk Mikaël - Haret El Mir - Liban

Tel : 00 961 9 214144 - 5 - 6 - Mobile : 71 315959 - Fax : 00 961 9 213499 - B.P : 369 Zouk Mikaël
Email. [Link]@[Link]

All rights reserved

guide GR6 V1 10/11/15 11:42 AM Page 3

Foreword

«Teaching Methoddogies are not recipes that are prepared before hand».
REVUZ
«The professor is the class’s conscience».

Dear colleagues,
The goal of this guide is not to teach you mathematics, but it is more modest
than that, because we know that most of you master the art of teaching.
We hope to provide you with a supplementary support through insisting on
the essential principle : “let the student do the math himself”.
For this it is advised into :
• give the student the chance to do the activities and all the applications
alone, unless advised otherwise.
• test the student to assess his skills and not to give him a mark.

Dear Colleagues, we hope that this guide will facilitate your nobel task and
contribute to giving our students a better mathematical formation.

The authors

3
guide GR6 V1 10/11/15 11:42 AM Page 4

11 GREATEST COMMON FACTOR

(G. C. F.)

Solve the problems

Page 14

1 7 0 ; 120 ; 1,900 .
Yes .

2 21 ; 255 ; 7,950 .

3 The divisors of 18 are : 1 ; 2 ; 3 ; 6 ; 9 ; 18

The divisors of 27 are : 1 ; 3 ; 9 ; 27
The GCF of 18 and 27 is 9 .

4 1° The divisors of 9 are : 1 ; 3 ; 9 .

The divisors of 21 are : 1 ; 3 ; 7 ; 21 . The GCF of 9 and 21 is 3 .
2° The divisors of 15 are : 1 ; 3 ; 5 ; 15 .
The divisors of 45 are : 1 ; 3 ; 5 ; 9 ; 15 ; 45 . The GCF of 15 and 45 is 15 .
Or 15 is a divisor of 45 , so their GCF is 15 .
3° The divisors of 14 are : 1 ; 2 ; 7 ; 14 .
The divisors of 21 are : 1 ; 3 ; 7 ; 21 , The GCF of 14 and 21 is 7 .

5 15 and 16 are two consecutive integers. They are relatively prime. Their GCF is 1 .
Or the divisors of 15 are : 1 ; 3 ; 5 ; 15
and the divisors of 16 are : 1 ; 2 ; 4 ; 8 ; 16 . The GCF of 15 and 16 is 1 .
15 and 16 are relatively prime .

6 1° List of divisors of 9 : 1 ; 3 ; 9 .
2° 9 is a divisor of 45 .
3° 9 being a divisor of 45 , the GCF of 45 and 9 is 9 .

7 1° 112 is divisible by 4 , the remainder is zero .

2° The share of each is 112 ÷ 4 = 28 , therefore 28 pencils .

4
guide GR6 V1 10/11/15 11:42 AM Page 5

2
2 THE FRACTIONS

Solve the problems

Page 22

18 6 8 2
1 1°  =  3°  = 
27 9 20 5
15 3 60 30
2°  =  4°  =  .
20 4 100 50

22 2 54 27 18 9
2 1°  =  2°  =  or  or 
33 3 42 21 14 7
16 8 4 126 42 6
3°  =  or  4°  =  or 
20 10 5 105 35 5

36 18 3 12
3 ===.
120 60 10 40

4 1° x = 4 2° y = 2 3° z = 7 4° a = 1 5° c = 24 6° d = 55

7 28 49 21
5 ===.
5 20 35 15

48 24 12 6 3
6 ====.
80 40 20 10 5

60 6 3 9
7 ===.
140 14 7 21

15 3 9
8 ==.
20 4 12

5
guide GR6 V1 10/11/15 11:42 AM Page 6

216 3
9  =  ( decimal) .
720 10

160 1 40 1
10 1°  =  ;  =  .
320 2 320 8
120 3
2°  = 
320 8

16 1
11 1°  2° 
80 5

12 1° Easy .

12 × 5
2° AC =  = 10 cm .
6
3° BC = AB – AC = 12 – 10 = 2 cm .

2 1
BC represents :  =  .
12 6

6
guide GR6 V1 10/11/15 11:42 AM Page 7

33 RELATIVE POSITIONS OF TWO

STRAIGHT LINES IN A PLANE

Solve the problems

Page 35

1 A B C D

BC = 5 cm ; BD = 9 cm ; CD = 4 cm .

A E
2 x y

t z
C B

1° AC = 3 cm 2° BE = 3 cm 3° AC = BE = 3 cm

3 MILO is a parallelogram , therefore (MI) // (LO) .

MIEL is a parallelogram , therefore (MI) // (LE) .
But from the point L which does not belong to (MI) , only one parallel can be drawn to
(MI) .
Therefore (LE) and (LO) are confounded and the points E , L and O are collinear .

4 1° a) Yes since they are perpendicular to the same straight line .

b) Yes , similarly .
2° (GD) ⊥ (d) since if two straight lines are parallel , a perpendicular to one is
perpendicular to the other .
(FE) ⊥ (d) , similarly .
(GF) // (d) since if two lines parallel to the same line , then they are parallel to each
other .

7
guide GR6 V1 10/11/15 11:42 AM Page 8

5 A B
C D

We verify that AC = CD = DB (use the compass) . x

6 The straight line (AB) cuts (d1) at C and (d2) at E .

7 A B C D
x
3° We verify that AC = BD .

8 (d2)
(d3)

(d1)

O
C′
A′
B′
C B
We verify that A′ , B′ and (d)
A
C ′ are collinear .

9 (AD) // (BC) and (AC) // (BD) .

10 D

A B
O

AC = CB = BD = AD .
C

8
guide GR6 V1 10/11/15 11:42 AM Page 9

REVISION 1

Page 37-38

1 4000 is a divisor of 8000 : the GCF is 4000 .

7000 and 7001 are consecutive . they are relatively prime ; the GCF is 1 .

2 The number of bags is a divisor of 36 and 48 .

The biggest number of bags is the GCF of 36 and 48 , that is 12 .

1
3 .
4

15 60 3 6 12
4 1°  ;  ;  ;  ; .
40 160 8 16 32
3
2°  .
8
3 3 3 × 125 375
3° Yes, because  = 0.375 or  =  =  .
8 8 8 × 125 1 000

80 2
5 1°  =  .
120 3

2
2° Nabil has covered  of the trajectory.
3

1
3° He still has  of the trajectory left.
3

9 27 3 8+1
6 = ; =.
2 6 5 15

42 6 72 4 84 7 132
7 = ; = ; = ; =3.
35 5 90 5 72 6 44

8 Verify with the ruler or compass .

9
guide GR6 V1 10/11/15 11:42 AM Page 10

9 (AB) passes through C .

10 1° (D1) , (D2) , and (l) are parallel .

2° If two lines are parallel , then a perpendicular to one is perpendicular to the other .

 
(l) // (D1) (l) // (D2)
then (t) ⊥ (D1) , then (t) ⊥ (D2) .
(t) ⊥ (l) (t) ⊥ (l)
3° By using a ruler or a compass, I is equidistant from (D1) and (D2) .

11 1° (AM) and (d1) are parallel being both perpendicular to (d1) .

2° (AP) and (d2) are perpendicular because (AP) is parallel to (d1) which is perpendicular
to (d2) .

3° O , J and P are collinear because they belong to straight line (d2) .

4° (AP) and (IJ) are parallel because they are both parallel to the line (d1) .

10
guide GR6 V1 10/11/15 11:42 AM Page 11

4
4 POWERS

Solve the problems

Page 44-45-46

1 252 • • 0.49 203 • • 27 × 103

302 • • 625 303 • • 343 × 103

0.82 • • 900 83 • • 8 × 103

0.72 • • 0.64 703 • • 512

2 Easy.

3 1° True 3° True 5° True

2° False 4° True 6° False

4 1° A = 11,234 B = 11,234 A=B

2° A = 11,034 B = 11,034 A=B

5 IA = 10 cm
IK = 8 cm
KA = 6 cm
K

IA2 = 102 = 100

IK2 = 82 = 64
KA2 = 62 = 36
100 = 64 + 36
IA2 = IK2 + KA2 I O A

11
guide GR6 V1 10/11/15 11:42 AM Page 12

6 72 ; Number of bars 72 = 49

Number of distributed chocolates 32 = 9


Tania 63 = 216
7 Rami has the better grade .
Rami 152 = 225

8 1 2 3
1 6 2 5
2 1 3
3 8 2 8
4 2 5 0

9 1° True ; 2° False ; 3° True ; 4° True .

10 Easy.

11 1° 7 × 106 + 3 × 105 + 4 × 104 + 6 × 102 + 5 × 10 + 8 .

2° Billions Millions Thousands Ones

h t o h t o h t o h t o

1011 1010 109 108 107 106 105 104 103 102 10 1

7 3 4 0 6 5 8

6 5 9 0 0 4 3

7 0 0 4 9 0 5

12
1 2 3 4 5 6

1 3 4 8 7 5 2

2 1 0 0 0 0 0

3 6 6 0 9 0

4 9 9 9 9 9 9

12
guide GR6 V1 10/11/15 11:42 AM Page 13

55 DECIMALS

Solve the problems

Page 58-59

1 1°

n n  10 n × 0.1 n  100 n × 0.01 n  1,000 n × 0.001

367 36.7 36.7 3.67 3.67 0.367 0.367

45.9 4.59 4.59 0.459 0.459 0.0459 0.0459

2° 10 ; 100 ; 1 000 .

2 1°

n n2 n × 0.5 n4 n × 0.25

24 12 12 6 6

3.8 1.9 1.9 0.95 0.95

2° 2 ; 4 .

3 578 ; 4 ; 57,894 ; 2 .

4 8
4 1°  2°  .
10 5

5 The hundredth digit ; the ones digit ; the hundreds digit ; the thousandth digit ; the tens
digit .

13
guide GR6 V1 10/11/15 11:42 AM Page 14

6 1° A = 3 + 0.4 + 0.07 = 3.47

B = 9 + 0.1 + 0.03 + 0.002 + 0.0007 = 9.1327

C = 0.4 + 0.09 + 0.008 + 0.0001 = 0.4981

D = 5 + 0.06 + 0.003 + 0.0002 = 5.0632

2° 3.5 ; 9.1 ; 0.5 ; 5.1 .

3° 9.13 ; 0.50

4° 5.063

5° 9.13 ; 0.49 ; 5.06 .

7 yes ; yes ; no .

12 205 9021 500

8 1°  = 1.2 2°  = 20.5 3°  = 90.21 4°  = 0.5 .
10 10 100 1,000

9 A = 2.1 ; B = 2.5 ; C = 2.9 .

10 A = 2.11 ; B = 2.16 ; C = 2.21 .

11 1° 1.95 ; 5.91 ; 5.19 ; 9.15 ; 9.51 ; 1.59 ; 19.5 ; 59.1 ; 51.9 ;

91.5 ; 95.1 ; 15.9 .
195 39 591 519 915 183
2° 1.95 =  =  ; 5.91 =  ; 5.19 =  ; 9.15 =  =  ;
100 20 100 100 100 20

951 159
9.51 =  ; 1.59 =  .
100 100
195 39 591 519 915 183
19.5 =  =  ; 59.1 =  ; 51.9 =  ; 91.5 =  =  ;
10 2 10 10 10 2
951 159
95.5 =  ; 15.9 =  .
10 10

12 24.62 ; 24.63 ; 24.64 ; 24.65 .

14
guide GR6 V1 10/11/15 11:42 AM Page 15

13 19 dam 5 m + (3.7 × 2) hm = 935 m .

14 1° 4.3 ; 4.4 ; 4.5 ; 4.6 ; 4.7 ; 4.8 ; 4.9 ; 5 ; 5.1 ; 5.2 ; 5.3 ;
5.4 ; 5.5 ; 5.6 ; 5.7 ; 5.8 ; 5.9 ; 6 ; 6.1 .

2° 4.80 ; 4.81 ; 4.82 ; 4.83 ; 4.84 ; 4.85 ; 4.86 ; 4.87 ; 4.88 ; 4.89 ;
4.9 ; 4.91 ; 4.92 ; 4.93 ; 4.94 ; 4.95 ; 4.96 ; 4.97 ; 4.98 ; 4.99 ;
5 ; 5.01 ; 5.02 ; 5.03 ; 5.04 ; 5.05 ; 5.06 ; 5.07 ; 5.08 .

3° 4.5 .

4° 4.83 .

15 At 35,000 L.L .

16 The length is : 570  1,000 = 0.57 m = 57 cm .

17 1° 5,000 L.L.

2° 10,000 L.L. × 28 = 280,000 L.L.

95,000 L.L. × 3 = 285,000 L.L.

The best way is to buy 28 tickets at 10,000 L.L. each .

15
guide GR6 V1 10/11/15 11:42 AM Page 16

66 CIRCLE

Solve the problems

Page 71-72

1 1° Easy .
2° (d1) and (d2) are tangents to (C) .

2 1° Easy .
2° HB = 6 – 4 = 2 cm .
3° AF = 6 – 4 = 2 cm .
4° HF = AB – AF – BH = 6 – 2 – 2 = 2

3 1° Easy .
2° NH = MN – MH = 5 – 3 = 2
The circle of center N and radius 2 passes through H .

4 Easy . (We see on the figure the centers of the semi circles)

5 Draw line (uv) perpendicular at A to (xy) . On (uv) place the point I such that AI = 3 cm ;
there are two such points .

6 The radius of this circle is the distance from O to (D) .

7 - O is at 3 cm from A
- O is at 3 cm from B
- Draw, in the interior of this circle, an arc of center A and radius 3 cm , and an arc of
center B and radius 3 cm . These two arcs meet at O , the center of the circle .

8 1° Easy
2° (d1) ⊥ (AB) , (d2) ⊥ (AB) and (ED) ⊥ (AB) ;
Therefore : (d1) // (d2) // (ED) .
3° Easy .

9 1° (AU) and (ID) are tangent to (C) .

2° The radius of (C ′) is 3 cm .

16
guide GR6 V1 10/11/15 11:42 AM Page 17

REVISION 2

Page 73

1 five ; two ; two hundred fifty thousand ; ninety million .

One thousand nine hundred ninety four ; five billion seven hundred fifty thousand .

2 1° 704,905 ; 2° 60,000,341 ; 3° 54,879 ; 4° 300,050,903 .

3 8min 20s = 500s .

The distance is : 300,000 km × 500 = 150,000,000 km .

4 1° The number of copies : 200,000 × 30 = 6,000,000 copies ; 6,000,000 = 6 × 106 .

2° six million .

5 Chadi’s sum is : (21)3 $ = 9,261 $ .

His sister’s sum is : (75)2 $ = 5,625 $ .
Chadi’s sum is more than his sister’s by : $ (9261 – 5625) = $ 3636 .

6 For 9.23 : Truncated at the unit : 9 .

Rounded to the unit : 9 .
For 10.62 : Truncated at the unit : 10
Rounded to the unit : 11 .
For 15.157 : Truncated at the unit : 15
Rounded to the unit : 15 .

7 The expanded form of :

3 1 7 5
1° 245.3 = 2 × 102 + 4 × 10 + 5 +  . 4° 0.175 =  +  + .
10 10 102 103
6 2 5
2° 9.06 = 9 +  . 5° 0.025 =  + .
102 102 103
8 9 1
3° 0.89 =  +  . 6° 1.001 = 1 +  .
10 102 103

8
less than 0.1 Between 0.1 and 0.2 Greater than 0.2

0.002 0.11 0.202

0.095 0.102
0.02 0.122

17
guide GR6 V1 10/11/15 11:42 AM Page 18

9 a = 7.424 ; b = 12.05 ; c = 29.05 ; d = 148.5 ; e = 4.321 ; f = 0.2775 .

10 4.50 m ; 2.10 m ; 1.90 m for example .

11 1° 12.341 for example .

2° 12.34 for example .

12 10.427064

1° 10.42 ; 2° 10.4 ; 3° 10.4 ; 4° 10.43 ; 5° 10.42 < 10.427064 < 10.43 .

13 1° A = 3.197
2° a) 3 < 3.197 < 3.1 ; b) 3.1 < 3.197 < 3.2 ; c) 3.19 < 3.197< 3.20 .

14 341  24 = 14.2 ; 718  53 = 13.54 .

37.49 37.49
15 1° 6 <  < 7 ; 2° 6.3 <  < 6.4 ;
5.9 5.9
37.49 37.49
3° 6.35 <  < 6.36 ; 4° 6.354 <  < 6.355 .
5.9 5.9

5 1
16 2 403.051 = 2 × 103 + 4 × 102 + 3 + 2 + 3 .
10 10
1
1.001 = 1 + 3
10
3 6
504.36 = 5 × 102 + 4 +  + 2 .
10 10

17 1° A = 3.47 .
B = 32.507 .
C = 0.307 .

2° For A : 3.5 ; For C : 0.3 .

3° For B : 32.51 .

4° For B : 32.50 and For C : 0.30 .

18
guide GR6 V1 10/11/15 11:42 AM Page 19

18 2° IJ = EF – (EI + FJ) = 7 – (3 + 2) = 2 cm .
3° JK = JI + IE + EK = 2 cm + 3 cm + 3 cm = 8 cm .
4° The two straight lines are perpendicular to (EF) .

19 2° Using the compass with an opening of 5 cm . The arc of center A and radius 5 cm cuts
(C) in two points B1 and B2 : AB1 = AB2 = 5 cm .
3° 9 cm > (3 cm × 2) . E does not exist .
4° The longest length of a chord is equal to the diameter , that is 6 cm .
Since there is one diameter passing through A , then there is only one chord passing
through A and having a length of 6 cm .

20 1° LO = LU (with the help of a compass) .

2° The circle of center L and radius LO is tangent at O to (AT) and at U to (AE) .

AB
21 1° radius of (C) :  = 3 cm .
2
2° OK = 5 > 3 therefore K is exterior to (C) .
3° (d) cuts (C) in two points : (d) and (C) are secant .
4° (D) is exterior to (C) (The distance from O to (D) is 4 cm and 4 > 3) .

AB
22 1° AO =  = 2 cm .
2
EO = EA + AO = 3 + 2 = 5 cm .
EB = EA + AB = 3 + 4 = 7 cm .
2° Easy.
3° E is exterior to (C) . A belongs to (C) .
4° Easy.

23 N.B. This exercise must be done in the chapter on perpendicular bisectors .

MC = OC – OM
= 5 – 2 = 3 cm .
MD = OM – OD
= 2 – 1 = 1 cm .
ME = OE – OM
= 4 – 2 = 2 cm .

19
guide GR6 V1 10/11/15 11:42 AM Page 20

77 LEAST COMMON MULTIPLE

(L.C.M)

Solve the problems

Page 82

1 1° T ; 2° F ; 3° T ; 4° T ; 5° T .

2 28 = 7 × 4 ; 70 = 7 × 10 ; 56 = 7 × 8 ; 77 = 7 × 11

3 1° The multiples of 9 less than 37 are : 0 ; 9 ; 18 ; 27 ; 36 .

2° The multiples of 12 less than 37 are : 0 ; 12 ; 24 ; 36 .
3° The common multiples of 9 and 12 are : 0 ; 36 .
4° The LCM (9 ; 12) = 36 .

4 The divisors of 12 are 1 ; 2 ; 3 ; 4 ; 6 ; 12 .

The divisors of 12 are 1 ; 3 ; 5 ; 15 .
Their GCF d = 3 .
12 × 15
m their LCM, m.d. = 12 × 15 , m =  = 60 .
3
The LCM (12 ; 15) = 60 .

5 1° 7 and 11 are relatively prime. Their LCM is their product 7 × 11 = 77 .

2° Few multiples of 15 and 25
Few multiples of 15 : 0 ; 15 ; 30 ; 45 ; 60 ; 75 ; 90 .
Few multiples of 25 : 0 ; 25 ; 50 ; 75 ; 100 ; ...
75 is the LCM of 15 and 25 .

3° 9 and 10 are relatively prime. Their LCM is their product 9 × 10 = 90 .

6 1° 36 is a multiple of 12 . The LCM of 12 and 36 is therefore 36 .

2° 21 is a multiple of 7 . The LCM of 7 and 21 is therefore 21 .
3° 75 is a multiple of 25 . The LCM of 25 and 75 is therefore 75 .

20
guide GR6 V1 10/11/15 11:42 AM Page 21

88 OPERATIONS ON FRACTIONS

Solve the problems

Page 90-91-92

35 7 18 3 6 2
1 1°  =  ;  =  ;  =  .
16
135 27 3 7 21 105
2°  =  ;  ×  =  = 1 ;  = 1 .

17 12 15 180 9 310
3°  ;  ×  =  =  ;  = 1 .
16

2 5 10 4 6 24 2 3
2 1°  ×  =  ; 3°  ×  =  ; 5°  ×  = 1 .

3 4 12 9 4 4 20 9
2°  ×  =  ; 4°  ×  =  ; 6°  ×  = 1 .

3 7 5 2 65 547
3  ;  ; =5 ;  ;  ; .

2 4 2 5 10 5 7 5 7 3 21 7
4 ÷=×== ; ÷=×==
9 3
12 12 1 12 3 3 9 × 8 72
 ÷ 8 =  ×  =  =  ; 9 ÷  =  =  = 24
17 17 8
12 13 12 12 144 5 5 5 9
÷=×= ; ÷=×=1.
13 12 9 9

8 13 104 52 4 7 7 7 23
5 1°  ×  =  =  =  ; 4°  ÷  =  ×  = 1 .
9
10 9 90 3 5 15 5 14 2
2°  ×  =  =  ; 5°  ÷  =  ×  =  .

7 26 182 2 0 3 0 7
3°  ×  =  =  ; 6°  ÷  =  ×  = 0 .

21
guide GR6 V1 10/11/15 11:42 AM Page 22

6 Easy .

7 Easy .

17 10 170 34 17 32 17 9 153 49 49 1 49
8 1°  ×  =  =  ;  ÷  =  ×  =  ;  ÷ 6 =  ×  = 

19 23 437 43 1 43 11 77
2°  ×  =  ;  ×  =  ; 7 ×  = 
5 50
23 24 552 184 107 22 2 354 214 19 7 133
3°  ×  =  =  ;  ×  =  =  ;  ×  =  = 7 .
3 7 21 7 11 7 77 7 1 19 19
32 69 2 208 47 1 47 112 61 6 832
4°  ×  =  ;  ×  =  ;  ×  =  .
9 5 45 13 4 52 11 33 363

3 8 24 3 4 12 1 8 8 9 7 63
9  ×  =  ;  ×  =  ;  ×  =  ;  ×  =  .
10

11 1 42 9 52 3
10 1°  = 2  ; 3°  = 3  ; 5°  = 7 

20 2 137 1 34 4
2°  = 6  ; 4°  = 8  ; 6°  = 5 

13 23 91 + 115 206
11 1°  +  =  = 
35
47 7 141 – 49 92
2°  –  =  = 
21
31 7 31 + 21 52
3°  +  =  = 
9
22 22 0
4°  –  =  = 0

16 29 464 16 3 16 5 48 80 6,496 ÷ 14 464

12 1°  ×  =  ;  ×  +  ×  =  ×  =  = 
42 2,352 ÷ 14
are equal .
23 4 92
2°  ×  = 

23 7 23 1 161 23 161 – 69 92
×–×=–==
45
are equal .

22
guide GR6 V1 10/11/15 11:42 AM Page 23

 ×  ×  =  = 3
41 6 246 82 33 5 13 33
13 ×== ;
63

 
79 33 237 17 17 14 17 34 17 73 73
×= ; ÷ × =÷=×=.
10 7 13

1 5 35 5 8 1
14 1°  ; 4°  ÷  =  ×  = 

 
12 1 6 2 7 2 9 7 20 7
2°  ×  =  =  ; 5°  ÷  ×  =  ×  = 
45 15

 
7 4 9 7 7 5 9 63
3°  ×  ×  =  ; 6°  ×  ×  = 

2 2,400
15 1° 1,200 ×  =  = 800 liters
3
3 2 2 2 2,400
2°  ×  =  ; 1,200 ×  =  = 480
5

or  × 800 =  = 480

3 2,400
5

7 3
16 Boys  Girls 

7 3 21 7 21 28 – 21 7
1°  ×  =  ;  –  =  = 
40
3 1 3 3 3 30 – 3 27
×= ; –==
100

4 3 34 23 782
17 1° The area : 6  × 2  =  ×  =  = 15.64 cm2
10 10 50

     
4 3 34 23 68 + 23 182
2° The perimeter : 6  + 2  ×2 =  +  ×2 =  × 2 =  = 18.2 cm .
5 10 10 10 10

23
guide GR6 V1 10/11/15 11:42 AM Page 24

99 PERPENDICULAR BISECTOR OF
A SEGMENT

Solve the problems

Page 99

1 (d1) is the perpendicular bisector of [AB]

(d1) cuts (d) at O . O

(d)

A B

2 1° Easy .
2° We have : OR = OA and OR = OI
[RI] and [AM] have the same perpendicular bisector
(d1)
therefore OR = OA = OI = OM

3 (CA) is the perpendicular bisector [LI]

Since CL = CI and AL = AI .

4 (d1)
1° Easy.
A
2° Easy. (d2)

3° a) L being a point of (d1) , then LE = LA E

L being a point of (d2) , then LA = LI
L
b) LA = LI and LE = LA therefore LA = LI = LE .
c) L is then a point of the perpendicular bisector of
[EI] , since LE = LI .

24
guide GR6 V1 10/11/15 11:42 AM Page 25

5 (d)

T
(d) is the perpendicular
bisector of [TV] .
V

H Rivière


OA = OM
6 1° OA = OR Hence OA = OM = OR = OI
and OR = OI Therefore O is the center of the circle passing through A, R, I and M .

2° Yes since OM = OI
3° Yes since OM = OR and OA = OI

7 (d) is the perpendicular bisector of [AB]

(d1) is the perpendicular bisector of [AO]
(d2) is the perpendicular bisector of [OB] .

A O B

(d2)
(d1)
(d)

8 we have : OA = OB = R1
A
hence O belongs to the perpendicular
bisector of [AB] .
IA = IB = R2 R1

hence I belongs to the perpendicular

O I
bisector of [AB] ,
R1
therefore (OI) is the perpendicular
bisector of [AB] .
B

25
guide GR6 V1 10/11/15 11:42 AM Page 26

REVISION 3

Page 101-102

1 For any multiple of 4 days and 10 days , the two trains are at the same position .
They will leave together for the first time after the LCM of 4 days and 10 days , that is
20 days ; 24 November.

2 1° The unit’s digit is : 0 ; 2 ; 4 ; 6 ; 8 .

The solutions : 630 ; 632 ; 634 ; 636 ; 638 .
2° The unit’s digit is 0 or 5 .
The solutions : 630 ; 635 .
3° The unit’s digit is x such that : 3 + 6 + x is a multiple of 9 .
x is 0 or 9 .
The solutions ; 630 ; 636 .
4° 3y is a multiple of 4 : y is 2 , or 6 .

3 1° 1 .
2° If their GCF is 1 .
3° LCM (18, 6) = 18 .
4° 12 is a multiple of 3 and of 4 .
3 and 4 are divisors of 12 .

4 4 and 5 .

3 5 + 2 
10  16  5
×  =  +  ×  =  ×  =  .
2 7 5 17 27 5 34 + 27 5 61
5 1°
10 16 10 16 32

 3 6  15  3 6  22 2 22 2 × 2 4
2 1 22 23 13 15 11 15 15 15
2° 7  – 2    =  –  ×  =  ×  =  =  .

3° 2  + 3  ×  =  +  ×  =  ×  =  .
3 1 3 11 19 3 71 3 1
4 6 71 4 6 71 12 71 4

4° 8  – 2    =  –  ×  =  ×  = 4 .
2 2 43 42 8 30 86 30
5 3 30 5 3 43 15 43

 
2 1 3 2 17 17
6 1°  ×  +  =  ×  = 
3 4 5 3 20 30
2 1 2 3 1 2 17
×+×=+=.
3 4 3 5 6 5 30

   
3 5 4 3 7 1
2°  ×  –  =   = 
7 6 9 7 18 6
3 5 3 4 5 4 15 – 8 7 1
×–×=–===.
7 6 7 9 14 21 42 42 6
7 The fraction representing

26
guide GR6 V1 10/11/15 11:42 AM Page 27

3 1 3
Nada’s part is :  ×  =  .
4 2 8

7 1 7
8 Fraction for food :  ×  =  .
10 4 40


7 2 7
Fraction for lodging :  ×  =  .
10 5 25

2 4 + 3 6 ×   4 6  71  12  71
3 1 3 11 19 3 33 + 38 3
9 = + ×=  ×
71
71 3 1
=×=.
12 71 4

     
2 2 43 42 8 43 126 – 40 43 86 30
8–2 = – =  =×=4.
5 3 30 5 30 30 15 30 15 43

192 × 5
10 1° The number of pages read by Maya is :  = 120 pages .
8
120 × 4
2° The number of pages of Lama’s book is :  = 160 pages .
3

7 3 7 7 49
11 =×=
3 7 3 3 9
7 3
×=1
3 7
7 3 49 – 9 40
–==
3 7 21 21
7 3 49 + 9 58
+==
3 7 21 21
2 3 6 15 2 1 23
×+×=+=
3 5 10 54 5 9 45
3 2 15 1 3 2 14 1 3 2 1 45 + 8 – 30 23
 +    –  =  +  ×  –  =  +  –  =  = 
4 7 14 2 4 7 15 2 4 15 2 60 60
2 5 1 22 5 1 2 1 11
4×+=×+=+=
5 33 4 5 33 4 3 4 12
7 4 7 3 7 6 7 240 + 49 289
2+×=2×+=+==.
3 5 32 7 40 7 40 280 280

12 - K is the intersection of (d) with the perpendicular bisector of [RI] .

- The construction is not possible when this perpendicular bisector is parallel to (d) ,
that is , when : (RI) ⊥ (d) .

27
guide GR6 V1 10/11/15 11:42 AM Page 28

13 We have : MO = MA and NO = NA . Since MO = NO

then MO = MA = NO = NA ; MANO is therefore a rhombus .

14 CD = CB : is a point (d).

15 1° False ; MA = MB .
2° False : it’s the perpendicular to the segment at its midpoint.
3° True.
4• False.

16 1° Easy.
2° Easy.
3° Easy.
4° OA = AE , A is a point of the perpendicular bisector .
5° OA = OF = radius : the perpendicular bisector of [AF] passes through O .

17 We construct the perpendicular bisector of [AP] which cuts (D) at L ; L is equidistant

from A and P.

28
guide GR6 V1 10/11/15 11:42 AM Page 29

1100 QUOTIENT AND RATIO

Solve the problems

Page 113-116

832 603.52 34.34 0.232

1 1°  = 12.8 ; 2°  = 26.24 ; 3°  = 5.05 ; 4°  = 0.58 .
65 23 6.8 0.4

5 5 × 5 25 0.7 7 1
2 1°  =  =  ; 2°  =  = 
9 9 × 5 45 2.8 28 4
2.75 275 6.3 63 7 × 9 9
3°  =  ; 4°  =  =  = 
3.21 321 1.4 14 7 × 2 2
3.25 325 25 × 13 13 10.346 10,346
5°  =  =  = ; 6°  =  .
5.25 525 25 × 21 21 9.225 9,225

7.42 7.42 19.25 192.5

3 1°  ≠  ; 3°  ≠ 
8.50 10.25 8.4 84.2
4.92 2.46 1.932 1,932
2°  =  ; 4°  =  .
9.8 4.9 3.781 3,781

4 16 10.4 6
4 ==≠.
5 20 13 6.5

5 Quotient By default By excess

to the nearest unit 3 4
to the nearest tenth 3.3 3.4
to the nearest hundredth 3.35 3.36
to the nearest thousandth 3.354 3.355

29
guide GR6 V1 10/11/15 11:42 AM Page 30


985 to the nearest 0.1 by excess : 58
6 =
17 to the nearest 0.01 by default : 57.94 .


4,537 to the nearest 0.1 by excess : 252.1
=
18 to the nearest 0.01 by default : 252.05 .


7.03 to the nearest 0.1 by excess : 11.8
=
0.6 to the nearest 0.01 by default : 11.70 .


51.73 to the nearest 0.1 by excess : 2.7
=
19.7 to the nearest 0.01 by default : 2.62 .

7 Framing the quotient

38
to the nearest unit 5 <  < 6
7
38
0.1 5.4 <  < 5.5
7
38
0.01 5.42 <  < 5.43
7

8 1° 24.931
35 872.6
87.26 87.26 87.26
2° a) 24 <  < 25 b) 24.9 <  < 25 c) 24.93 <  < 24.94 .
3.5 3.5 3.5

9 311.43 ; 157.70 ; 8.10 ; 44.19 .

7.68 3.84 2.34

10 1° a =  = 1.6 ; 2° b =  = 2.56 ; 3° c =  = 2.6 .
4.8 1.5 0.9

11
Rounded value to the nearest
Quotient to be 0.01
Result Truncating at 0.01
calculated by default by excess

31.27  4.9 6.3816326 6.38 6.39 6.38

86.352  28 3.084 3.08 3.09 3.08

719.483  41.42 17.370424 17.37 17.38 17.37

935.004  4.5 207.77860 207.77 207.78 207.77

30
guide GR6 V1 10/11/15 11:42 AM Page 31

12 1° 56  0.1 = 560 ; 2° 73.8  0.1 = 738

3° 87.19  0.1 = 871.9 ; 4° 0.029  0.1 = 0.29 .

13 1° 67  0.01 = 6 700 ; 2° 243.3  0.01 = 24 330 .

3° 17.357  0.01 = 1,735.7 ; 4° 0.0085  0.01 = 0.85 .

14 1° 13  0.001 = 13,000 ; 2° 83.5  0.001 = 83,500

3° 3.279  0.001 = 3,279 ; 4° 0.007  0.001 = 7 .

9 13 130 1.39 139 3.7 37

15 1°  = 1.8 ; 2°  =  = 26 ; 3°  =  = 27.8 ; 4°  =  = 9.25
5 0.5 5 0.05 5 0.4 4
.

13.7 137 6.8 68

5°  =  = 68.5 ; 6°  =  = 13.6 .
0.2 2 0.5 5

7
16 .
160

90
17 1°  = 2 .
45
2° Perimeter : (90 + 45) × 2 m = 270 m .
3° Area : 90 × 45 m2 = 4 050 m2 .
Area 4 050
4° a)  =  = 45
Length 90
b) 45 m width .


37.395
18  kg = 13.85 kg .
2.7
244.814 the total is 49.99 kg
 kg = 22.46 kg .
10.9 Mr. Kamal takes this plane.
26.8944
 kg = 4.31 kg .
6.24
2.6236
 kg = 9.37 kg .
0.28

31
guide GR6 V1 10/11/15 11:42 AM Page 32

1111 OPERATIONS AND ORDER

Solve the problems

Page 122-124

1 1° T ; 2° F ; 3° F ; 4° T ; 5° F ; 6° T .

2 1° 41 ; 2° 14 ; 3° 87 ; 4° 5.9 ; 5° 5 ; 6° 24 .

3 1° 100 ; 2° 150 ; 3° 40.875 ; 4° 9.52 ; 5° 6374.62 ; 6° 16.35 .

4 1° 209 ; 2° 14.611 ; 3° 25.065 – 27 ; 4° 290.6 ; 5° 19.74 .

5 A = 36.35 + 11.56 – 11.4 = 36.51

B = 16.32 – 11.4 + 8.5 = 13.42 .

6 The intruder is D = 4 × 3 + 5 = 17 .

7 1° (7 × 5) × 8 = 35 × 8 = 280
7 × (5 × 8) = 7 × 40 = 280
2° Yes .

8 A = 5 × (14 + 30) = 5 × 44 = 220

B = 5 × 14 + 5 × 30 = 70 + 150 = 220
A=B.

9 E = 7.2 × (3.4 + 6.6) = 7.2 × 10 = 72

F = 7.2 × 3.4 + 7.2 × 6.6 = 24.48 + 47.52 = 72
E=F.

32
guide GR6 V1 10/11/15 11:42 AM Page 33

10 1° 7 × 5 + 8 – 2 = 41 2° 8 × (7 – 5) + 9 = 25
3° 45  (8 – 3) + 1 = 10 4° 9 × 7 – 8 × 5 = 23
5° 8 × (6 – 5) × 4 = 32 6° 24  (7 – 3) × 6 = 36 .

11 He still has : 50,000 – (2 × 18,000) = 14,000 L.L.

12 He still has : 100,000 – (3 × 6,000) – (4 × 15,000) = 22,000 L.L.

13 The 2nd given .

14 He must pay : (7,500  5) × 2 + (7,200  4) × 3 = 8,400 L.L.

15 300 g ; 43,500 ; 3 ; 50,000 .

16 3,400 – (27 × 38 + 27 × 43) .

17 42 39 29
↓ ↓ ↓

37 → 16 16 5 PURES

15 → 5 5 5

58 → 21 18 19

33
guide GR6 V1 10/11/15 11:42 AM Page 34

1122 ANGLES

Solve the problems

Page 139-140

1 1° x y
  
2° a) Yes since xOz = xOy + yOz A
B
= 35° + 145° 35°
= 180° .
   O 145°
b) BOD = BOC + COD
= 145° + 35° 35°

= 180° . D C

Then B , O and D are collinear. t z

 
Consequently, AOB and COD are vertically opposite angles.
 v
2 1° yAz = 180° – 30° = 150° .
y
2° ...
 u
3° uAy = 30°  2 = 15°
30°

yAv = 150°  2 = 75° z
A x
  
4° uAv = uAy + yAv = 15° + 75° = 90° .


3 rIx = 180° – (90° + 25°) = 65° .

 z
4 2° yOz = 90° – 20° = 70°

3° ... v


4° uOy = 20°  2 = 10° y

yOv = 70°  2 = 35° u
20°
   O x
uOv = uOy + yOv = 10° + 35° = 45° .

34
guide GR6 V1 10/11/15 11:42 AM Page 35

   u
5 1° xOt = xOu  2 = 40° = uOt ; t
 
2° vOz = uOt = 40°
80°
  y x
yOz = tOx = 40° O

3° [Oz) is the bisector of yOv .
z
v
   u
6 4° xAz = xAy  2 = 60° = zAy z
y
 
uAy = zAy  2 = 30° t
  
tAy = tAz + zAy = 30° + 60 = 90° .
120°
A x

   u
7 3° uOy = xOy – xOu = 160° – 90° = 70° . v
  
xOv = xOy – yOv = 160° – 90° = 70° .
   y
uOv = xOu – xOv = 90° – 70° = 20° .
160°
x
O
 z
8 [Ou) is the bisector of xOy . y

 
xOu = uOy = 54°  2 = 27° u
63°
   54°
zOu = zOy + yOu = 63° + 27° = 90°
x
[Ou) ⊥ [Oz) . O

y
  
9 2° yOz = yOx + xOz = 60° + 60° = 120° .

3° [Ox) is the bisector of yOz .
60°
O x
60°

   v z
10 uOv = uOy + yOv z
 
= 2 xOy + 2 yOz
 
= 2 (xOy + yOz) y
55°
 x
= 2 xOz = 110° . O
u

35
guide GR6 V1 10/11/15 11:42 AM Page 36

REVISION 4

Page 141-142

1 6,000  8 = 750
Average speed is 750 km/h .

2 1,650,000  150 = 11,000

The average number of inhabitants by km2 is 11,000 inhabitants by km2 .

23.75 71.39
3  = 3.32 ;  = 5.95 .
7.15 12

28.5 5.64 1.5 135.2

4  = 2.85 ;  = 5.64 ;  = 15 ;  = 1.352 .
0.01 0.001 0.1 01

5 X = 132.7 + 201 – 281.52 .

X = 333.7 – 281.52
X = 52.18 .

Y = (13.8 × 2.7) – (32.7 – 4.8) + (301.24  2) – (78.1 – 27.8) .

Y = 37.26 – 27.9 + 150.62 – 50.3
Y = 9.36 + 150.62 – 50.3
Y = 159.98 – 50.3
Y = 109.68 .

Z = (97.3 × 20 – (184.11  3) – (215.18 – 103) .

Z = 194.6 – 61.37 – 112.18
Z = 133.23 – 112.18
Z = 21.05 .

36
guide GR6 V1 10/11/15 11:42 AM Page 37

6 2 × 2,500 + 7 × 3,500 + 3 × 1,250 + 35,000

5,000 + 24,500 + 3,750 + 35,000 = 68,250
The amount to be paid is : 68 250 L.L.

7 1° 17,500 – 4 × 1,500
17,500 – 6,000 = 11,500
The price of 5 kg of grapes is : 11,500 L.L.

2° 11,500 × 3  5 = 6,900

The price of 3 kg of grapes is : 6,900 L.L.

8 1° 121.04 + 11.56 – 11.4 = 121.2 .

2° 3,844 + 20.4 = 3,864.4 .

3° 88.36 + 32.49 + 107.16 – 88.36 – 32.49 = 107.16 .

9 1° 0.64 – 0.49 + 0.008 × 100 = 0.15 + 0.8 = 0.95 .

2° 8 × 4 + 9 = 41 .
3° 51.84 + 12.25 + 50.4 – 51.84 – 12.25 = 50.4 .
4° 0.64 + 1 + 0.008 = 1.648 .

15 21 15 4 15 5
10 1°    =  ×  =  =  .
4 4 4 21 21 7
9 10 3 5 3 1
2°  ×  =  ×  =  =  .
15 18 5 9 9 3

 
7 4 9 7 3 7
3°  ×  ×  =  ×  =  .
9 3 16 9 4 12
25 18 10
4°  ×  =  .
9 15 3

  
11 xIy = 180° – (TIx + yIR) = 180° – (25° + 37°) = 118° .

37
guide GR6 V1 10/11/15 11:42 AM Page 38

 
12 sAl + sAr = 34° + 146° = 180°

[Al) and [Ar) form the straight line (rl) .

13 1º) Easy .

  
2º) yOz = xOz – xOy = 100° – 50° = 50° .
  
[Oy) is the bisector of xOz since yOz = xOy .

14 1º) Easy .

 
2º) xOt = 180° – xOz = 110°

 
uOt = 110° – xOu = 20° .

 
zOv = 90° – zOx = 20° .

 
yOz = 90° + zOv = 110° .

15 x
O
60°
z
30°

y
l

 
yOz = 180° – xOy = 180° – 60° = 120° .
   
xOy and yOz are supplementary angles since xOy + yOz = 180° .

38
guide GR6 V1 10/11/15 11:42 AM Page 39

16 1° x

O
40°
u

°
140
t y

  
2° yOt = xOt – xOy = 180° – 40° = 140° .
3° easy.
  
4° uOv = uOy + yOv = 20° + 70° = 90° .

  
17 1° zOt = xOt – xOz = 180° – 150° = 30° .
 
2° xOy and yOt
 
x
xOz and zOt
O
50°
t 100°
y

z
l

  
3° a) yOl = xOl – xOy = 90° – 50° = 40° .
  
zOl = zOy – yOl = 100° – 40° = 60° .
 
b) lOz and zOt

c) [Ol) is the bisector of xOt .

39
guide GR6 V1 10/11/15 11:42 AM Page 40
guide GR6 V2 11/10/15 11:46 AM Page 41

Collection : PUISSANCE

Mathematics
Elementary level
th
6 year

GR6
Edition 2009
Teacher’s Guide
Volume 2
guide GR6 V2 10/11/15 11:48 AM Page 42

11 PROPORTIONALITY

Solve the problems

Page 18-19-20

1 9 12 45 0.27 5 100 400 200 100 50 150


3
15 20 75 0.45 63 252 126 5.4 2.7 8.1

2 Yes since this table represents a table of proportionality of coefficient 0.08 .

3 11 16 28 38 4 14 26 34 5 15 24 36
1.5
13 18 24 29 6 21 39 51 4 12 21 34
No Yes No
since the coefficient of
3
proportionality is  = 1.5
2

4 1° 100 300 2° 350 700 3° 50 25 4° 2 8

7 21 28 56 40 20 25 100

12 × 15,000
5 The price of 12 l :  = 9,000 L.L
20
37 × 15,000
The price of 37 l :  = 27,750 L.L.
20

5 × 21,000
6 5 tickets cost :  = 35,000 L.L.
3

19 × 21,000
7 They cost :  = 57,000 L.L .
7

42
guide GR6 V2 10/11/15 11:48 AM Page 43

8 2° 18 red squares , 46 blue squares .

3° 36%

9 The quantity of water is : 35 cl .

10 × 25
10  = 2.5 km .
100

11 Price of article 35,000 L.L 62,000L.L 70,000 L.L 100,000 L.L

Off 8,750 15,500 17,500 25,000
Price to pay 26,250 46,500 52,500 75,000

12 1° 5%
2° Weight of cocoa : 420 g
Weight of milk : 150 g
3° 1st method : 600 – (420 + 150) = 30 g .
600 × 5
2nd method :  = 30 g .
100

13 1° 3.5 × 2,500 = 8,750 cm .

1
2° 1,500 ×  = 0.6 cm .
2,500

14
Weight of sugar 4 8 12 2
Weight of apricot 6 12 18 3

1° 8 kg
2° For 12 kg of apricot, 18 kg of sugar is needed .
For 2 kg of sugar, 3 kg of apricot .

1,700,000
15 The length is :  = 4.25 cm .
400,000

43
guide GR6 V2 10/11/15 11:48 AM Page 44

16
Unit price Total

4 meals 18,000 L.L. 72,000

4 juice 1,500 L.L. 6,000
1 bottle of 1,500 L.L. 1,500
water
4 coffees 7,000 L.L. 28,000

12% service
12,900
Total to pay
120,400

9
17 The interest is : 25,000,000 ×  = 2,250,000 L.L.
100

100
18 732,000 ×  = 9,150,000 L.L.
8

34 × 103 × 100
19 The initial price :  = 40,000 L.L.
85

20 1° The increase is 12,250 L.L.

2° New price : 187,250 L.L.
The 107% : 187,250 L.L. = New price .

44
guide GR6 V2 10/11/15 11:48 AM Page 45

2
2 STATISTICS

Solve the problems

Page 27-30

1 easy

2 1° at rest.
2° at rest, displacement, game, alimentation.

3 1° The red corresponds to basketball,

The green corresponds to handball
The blue corresponds to dancing
The yellow corresponds to football and the orange to tennis.
1
2° 72 ×  = 18 persons practice basketball .
4
1
72 ×  = 12 persons practice tennis .
6
1
72 ×  = 9 persons practice handball .
8
3
72 ×  = 27 persons practice football .
8
1
72 ×  = 6 persons practice dancing .
12

4 1° Moving . 3° School .
2° Hobbies and meal . 4° Work at home .

5 1° Angle (in °) 144 90 54 72

2° Frequency 24 15 9 12

45
guide GR6 V2 10/11/15 11:48 AM Page 46

6 Yes .
The red part represents 25%; the orange part represents 25% and the yellow 50% .

7
5 5
4
3

Mon Tue Wed Thu Fr

8 1° Path Yellow Red Blue white

Percentage 25 32.5 30 12.5
× 3.6
Angle (in degrees) 90 117 108 45

Percentage
2°
32.5
30
30
25

20
12.5
10 Path
Yelloow

White
Blue
Red

9 1° The total length is 5 cm .

2
The yellow band represents 2 cm, therefore  of the total length,
5
That is 40% .
1
The orange band represents 1 cm, therefore  of the total length, that is 20% .
5
1 1
The white band represents  cm, therefore  of the total length, that is 10% .
2 10
3
The red band represents 1.5 cm, therefore  of the total length, that is 30% .
10
2° 40
40
30
30
20 20
10
0 1 2 3

46
guide GR6 V2 10/11/15 11:48 AM Page 47

3° Number of books read 0 1 2 3 1 book

Percentage 10 20 40 30
× 3.6
Angle (in degrees) 36 72 144 108 72° 0 book
144° 36°
2 books 108°
4° Number of students that have read : 3 books
10
a) 0 book : 50 ×  = 5 students .
100
20
b) 1 book 50 ×  = 10 students .
100
40
c) 2 books 50 ×  = 20 students .
100
30
d) 3 books 50 ×  = 15 students .
100

47
guide GR6 V2 10/11/15 11:48 AM Page 48

33 TRIANGLES

Solve the problems

Page 44-46

1 Easy .

2 Easy .

3 Easy .

4 Easy .

5 The hypotenuse is 5 cm .

6 1° Easy .
2° a) Easy . b) ARI = 180° – (40° + 40°) = 100°

3° a) Easy . b) AMI = 180° – (70° × 70°) = 40° .
 
4° RAM = RIM = 40° + 70° = 110° .
  
ARI + RIM + MAR = 100° + 110° + 110° + 40° = 360° .

 
7 1° LIO is isosceles of vertex I . 3° CRU is scalene .
 
2° ELO is equilateral . 4° PLI is right at P .

8 1° BEA 2° AEC ; BEA 3° BAC

48
guide GR6 V2 10/11/15 11:48 AM Page 49

9 1° AB + AC = 10 – 4 = 6 cm .
AB = AC = 3 cm .
2° Easy .

 
10 MRE = MER = 56° .

EMR = 180° – (56° + 56°) = 68° .

 
11 UBA + UAB = 180° – 50° = 130° .
 
UBA = UAB = 130° ÷ 2 = 65° .

BUH = 180° – (90° + 65°) = 25° .

AUH = 180° – (90° + 65°) = 25° .

 
12 MNO + NMO = 180° – 60° = 120° .
 
MNO – NMO = 120° ÷ 2 = 60° .
MON is an equilateral triangle .

 
13 1° ART = TRA = 55° .
2° Easy .
 
DAR = 350°; ADR = 180° – (35° + 55°) = 90° .
 
DAT = 35°; ADT = 90° .

 
14 OBC = OCB = 60° ÷ 2 = 30° .

BOC = 180° – (30° + 30°) = 120° .


15 1° AJD = 180° – (30° + 60°) = 90° .
JAD is therefore right at J .
2° Easy .

3° IAD = 30° ÷ 2 = 150°

IDA = 30°

AID = 180° – (15° + 30°) = 135° .

49
guide GR6 V2 10/11/15 11:48 AM Page 50

16 1° Easy .
1 1
2° AH =  AB and AK =  AC; Since AB = AC, therefore AH = AK .
2 2
3° a) triangle AHK is isosceles .
 
AHK + AKH = 180° – 60° = 120° .
 
AHK = AKH = 120° ÷ 2 = 60° .
b) AHK is equilateral .
4° The center H is the midpoint of [AB] therefore HK = HA = AB .
The circle passes through K .
5° Since HK = HA = HB; triangle HKB is isosceles of vertex H .
 
6° BHK = 180° – KHA = 180° – 60° = 120° .
 
HBK + HKB = 180° – 120° = 60° .
 
HBK = HKB = 60° ÷ 2 = 30° .

7° BKA = 180° – (60° + 30°) = 90° .
Triangle BKA is right at K .

17 1° Easy .

2° LSO = 90° – 40° = 50° .

3° SOH = 90° – 50° = 40° .

50
guide GR6 V2 10/11/15 11:48 AM Page 51

4
4 CENTER OF SYMMETRY

Solve the problems

Page 54-56

1 Easy .

2 Easy .

3 1° [RA] is the symmetric of [OS] .

[RM] is the symmetric of [LO] .
[MA] is the symmetric of [LS] .

2° LOMR is a parallelogram; its diagonals [LM] and [RO] bisect each other at I .
LAMS is a parallelogram because (LS) // (MA) and (LA) // (MS) .

4 1° (ED) and (GI) are parallel .

(EG) and (ID) are parallel .

2° GEDI is a parallelogram since its opposite sides are parallel . Since EG = ED, then it
is a rhombus .

5 Easy .

6 1° Easy .
2° SOLA is congruent to DORE . SOLA is therefore a rhombus .

3° The diagonals [DL] and [RS] of DSLR bisect each other at O . DLSR is a
parallelogram .
DO = OR gives DL = SR . In the parm DSLR, the diagonals are equal . DSLR is
therefore a rectangle .

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REVISION 1

Page 57-60

1 1° The surface covered by the seas : 510,101,000 × 0.7 = 357,070,700 km2 .

2° The surface covered by land : 510,101,000 × 0.3 = 153,030,300 km2 .

50
2 The mass of Mohair is : 45 ×  = 22.5 g .
100
The mass of polyamide is : 45 × 0.24 = 10.8 g .
The mass of polyester is : 45 × 0.26 = 11.7 g .

3 Draw a rectangle of sides : 10.4 cm and 5.6 cm .

3
4 1° You still have to pay : 45 × 103 ×  = 27 × 103 $ .
5
8
2° The amount of the last settlement is : 27 × 103 + 27 × 103 ×  = 29,160 $ .
100

5 1° 2°
100 60 100 60
? 2,400 1,230 ?

The quantity of apples is : The quantity of cider is :

2,400 × 100 1,230 × 60
 = 4,000 kg .  = 738 liters .
60 100

6
95,000 35,000 48,000 19,000
100 ? 100 ?

35,000 × 100 19,000 × 100

 = 36.8  = 39.58
95,000 48,000
The percentage of the sale on the part The percentage of the sale is 39.58% .
is 36.8% .

52
guide GR6 V2 10/11/15 11:48 AM Page 53

Number of persons 6 7 8 9 10

Almond (in grams) 120 140 160 180 200

Nuts (in grams) 75 87.5 100 112.5 125

Sugar (in grams) 150 175 200 225 250

Flour (in grams) 15 17.5 20 22.5 25

Number of eggs 3 4 4 5 5

Chocolate (in grams) 240 280 320 360 400

Fresh cream (in centiliters) 24 28 32 36 40

8 1° No .
2°
TL LBC MTV NBN Manar Future

50° 130° 50° 40° 45° 45°

3°
TL LBC MTV NBN Manar Future

14 36 14 11 12.5 12.5

4°
Station TL LBC MTV NBN Future Manar

Number of viewers 168 432 168 132 150 150

360 × 45
9 1° Number of employees :  = 162 .
100
360 × 30
Number of free lancers :  = 108 .
100
360 × 15
Number of agriculturists :  = 54 .
100
360 × 10
Number of unemployed :  = 36 .
100

2° Employees Free lancers Agriculturist unemployed

162 108 54 36

53
guide GR6 V2 10/11/15 11:48 AM Page 54

10 BA = BC and BC = BD
So BA = BD
Triangle BAD is isosceles .


11 1° C = 180° – (40° + 120°) = 20° .

2° F = 180° – (90° + 30°) = 60° .

12 1° EF = 4 cm .
2° Easy .
3° a) AL = AO
b) OL = OA = 2
OL = OA = AL = 2
ALO is equilateral .

V
13 1° 18 ÷ 3 = 6 cm .
2° VL = VO = 3 cm

LVO = 60° L O
VOL is equilateral .
3° a) Easy .
b) yes . I E

14 1° M and S are symmetrical with respect to J .

Quadrilateral MOIS is is the symmetric of rectangle MARS with respect to J . MOIS
is therefore a rectangle .
2° (MO) and (RS) are symmetrical with respect to J , so (MO) // (RS) .
But (MA) // (RS), so M, O and A are collinear . Similarly (SI) // (MA) (symmetry of
center J)
and (SR) // (MA), so S, I and R are collinear .
1
3° MO = SR so MO =  MS .
2
1 1
4° AO = AM + MO =  MS +  MS = MS = AR
2 2
Moreover the angles of RAOI are right, therefore RAOI is a square .

54
guide GR6 V2 10/11/15 11:48 AM Page 55

15 1° Easy . D I
2° Area of triangle JAR :
AR = 4 cm
1
Area =  × 4 × 3 = 6 cm2
2
R A
Area of triangle JAL is :
AJ = AI = 3 cm and JL = DI (since symmetric
with respect to A)
1 1
The area of JAL is :  AJ × JL =  3 × 4 = 6 cm2 .
2 2 L
J
3° The area of rectangle DIAR is : DR × RA = 12 cm2 .
The area of rectangle DIAR = area of triangle JAR + area of JAL .

55
guide GR6 V2 10/11/15 11:48 AM Page 56

55 ORTHOGONAL SYMMETRY
OR AXIS OF SYMMETRY

Solve the problems

Page 71-72

1 ISC is isosceles : IS = SC .

2 LEQ is isosceles : QE = QL . Since EQL = 60°, alors LEQ is equilateral .

3 By symmetry CA = CS and RA = RS, therefore CA = CS = RS = RA and CAR = 90° . CARS
is a square .

4 MI = MA, RI = RA, therefore MI = IR = RA = AM .

AMIR is a rhombus .

5 1° BN = 3 cm
2° BRIN is a square .

6 2° AR = AS, RAS is an isosceles triangle .

7 2° O′ is the symmetric of O with respect to (d) .

(OO′) and (AB) are two axes of symmetry of the obtained figure .
3° I is the intersection point of (d) and (OO′) . I is the center of symmetry .

  
8 2° SAP = PAR = 90° SAR = 180°, S, A and R are collinear .
3° By symmetry PS = PR . SPR is an isosceles triangle .

9 3° CL = CF = LE = EF CLEF is a rhombus .
3×2
Its area is 4 × area (CLO) = 4 ×  cm2 = 12 cm2 .
2

10 1° T ; 2° T ; 3° T ; 4° T ; 5° F ; 6° F .

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guide GR6 V2 10/11/15 11:48 AM Page 57

66 CALCULATION OF
LITERAL EXPRESSIONS

Solve the problems

Page 79-80

1 1° 2x – 3 × 5 = 2x – 15 3° a – 4b
y x
2°  4° 
2 4
2 1° Number of boys : 28 – x .
2° Number of girls : y – 15 .
3° a) Number of students of section C : x + y
b) x + y = 13 + 14 = 27 students .

3 a) boys 2 × x or 2x b) 3 × x or 3x c) 3x – 2

4 1° 40 – 3x + 15 ÷ x (for x = 5)
40 – 3 × 5 + 15 ÷ 5 =
40 – 15 × 3 = 28
2° 3.5 × 15 + 2.9 – 15 ÷ 2.5 =
52.5 + 2.9 – 6 =
55.4 – 6 = 49.4 .
3° 4 × (6 ÷ 3) + 45 ÷ (10 – 5) =
4 × 2 + 45 ÷ 5 =
8 + 9 = 17 .

5 The second number is 25 – x .

6
a b c a+b (a + b) + c b+c a + (b + c)

3 4 5 7 12 9 12

17 20 34 37 71 54 71

(a + b) + c = a + (b + c) .

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guide GR6 V2 10/11/15 11:48 AM Page 58

7
a b c a×b (a × b) × c b×c a × (b × c)

2 5 8 10 80 40 80

2.4 3.5 10 8.4 84 35 84

(a × b) × c = a × (b × c) .

8 1° n × (a + b) for n = 4 ; a = 15 ; b = 15
4 × (15 + 5) = 4 × 20 = 80
2° x × (y – z) for x = 6.8 ; y = 15.7 ; z = 3.2
6.8 × (15.7 – 3.2) = 6.8 × 12.5 = 85
3° a × (m – n)
0 × (11.7 – 4.3) = 0 .

9 1° 17 × 2 + 3 = 34 + 3 = 37 .
2° (20 ÷ 5) ÷ 4 = 4 ÷ 4 = 1 .
3° 29 – 4 × 5 = 29 – 20 = 9 . (correct : 29 – 5 × 4 in the book)
4° (24 ÷ 6) ÷ 4 = 4 ÷ 4 = 1 . (correct : (24 ÷ 6) ÷ 4 in the book)
5° 18 + 6 × 3 = 36 .
6° 14 + 75 × 0 = 14 .

10 5 d = 50
d = 50 ÷ 5 = 10
a) 5 × d
b) 5 × d = 50 therefore d = 10 km .

  
11 xOy = xOt + tOy

xOy = 30° + m°

xOy = 90° so 30° + m° = 90° so m = 90 – 30 = 60° .

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guide GR6 V2 10/11/15 11:48 AM Page 59

77 AREAS

Solve the problems

Page 88-90

1 1° Area of ABCNOP = 4 cm2 .

2° Yes this area is 4 × 3 cm2 = 12cm2 = 0.000012 dm2 .

2 1° 30,224,000 km2 = 3,022,400,000 hm2 .

2° 3,022,400,000 ha .
3° 3,0224 thousand km2 .

3
in ha in dam2 in dm2 in cm2

0.32 32 32,000 3,200,000

0.151 15.1 1,510 151,000

0.5347 53.47 5,347 534,700

0.14 14 1,400 140,000

4 1° 4 m2 + 1.4 hm2 = 4 m2 + 14,000 m2 = 14,004 m2 .

2° 32.4 dm2 + 1,300 mm2 = 324 cm2 + 13 cm2 = 3,253 cm2 .

3° 173.5 ha – 94,530 m2 = (17,350 – 9,453) a = 7,897 a .

4° 20,001 mm2 – 1.542 dm2 = 200.01 cm2 – 134.2 cm2 = 65.81 cm2 .

5 The width is : 300 ÷ 30 = 10 m .

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guide GR6 V2 10/11/15 11:48 AM Page 60

6 The area of the garden : 43 × 43 = 1,849 m2 = 18.49 a = 0.1849 ha .

He payed 57,500 × 0.1849 = 10,631.75 $ .

h×b
7 A=
2
2 × A 2 × 1,350
h=  b =  = 50 mm .
54

8 1° JU = 2 × JA = 2 × 3 = 6 cm .

2° The area of the square JITA : JA × JI = 3 × 3 = 9 cm2 .

The area of the parallelogram JUDO : JI × JU = 3 × 6 = 18 cm2 .

9 1° Easy .

2° The area of the square RONI : 3 × 3 = 9 cm2 .

The area of the disc : 3.14 × 1.5 × 1.5 = 7.065 cm2 .

3° 9 – 7.065 = 1.935 cm2 .

10 1° The area of the page is 17 × 22 cm2 = 374 cm2 .

2° 220 pages = 110 papers .
374
Number of meters of papers is  . 110 m2 = 4.114 m2 .
10,000

11 Half of the perimeter is 24 cm, The length is 24 cm – 15 cm = 9 cm .

its area is 15 × 9 cm2 = 135 cm2 .

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guide GR6 V2 10/11/15 11:50 AM Page 61

12 1° SA = TA – TS R
= 7.7 cm – 2.5 cm
= 2.2 cm .
2° Area of triangle RAS .
1
A =  RT × SA
2 A
1 S T
=  × 3.5 × 2.2 cm2
2
= 3.85 cm2 .

13 (ME) cuts (DO) at S R

O
The area A of the polygon
DOREMI is equal to the sum
of the areas A 1 and A 2 of M
the two rectangles ROSE and S
E
DIMS .
A 1 = 2 × 4.5 cm2 = 9 cm2,
A 2 = 8 × (5 – 2) cm2
A = 9 + 24 cm2 = 33 cm2 .
D I

14 The area A of figure 24 is :

A = area (rectangle ABCG) + area (triangle DFG)

 
1
A = 7 × 2.5 +  (7 – 5) (4 – 2.5) cm2
2
A = 19 cm2 .
F

G D C

A B

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guide GR6 V2 10/11/15 11:50 AM Page 62

15 1° A is the area of the digged surface .

A = area (square) + area (disc)
A = [12 × 12 + 100 M] m2 = 458 m2 .
2° A ′ the area of the grass .
A ′ = area (rectangle) – A
= [1,350 × 420 – 458] m2 = 566,542 m2 .

16 The area A of the part on which the house is going to be built is :

A = 12 × 7.8 m2 = 93.6 m2 .
93.6 156 1.56 3
==<
600 100 10 10
She can obtain the licence .

56.25
17 The length of the rectangle : L =  m = 12.5 m .
4.5
The perimeter of the square is equal to the one of the rectangle = 2 × (12.5 + 4.5) m = 34 m.
34
The side of the square : a =  m = 8.5 m .
4
The area of the square : A = 8.5 × 8.5 m2 = 72.25 m2 .

18 1° The total area of the field is : A = (520,000,000 ÷ 50,000) m2 = 10,400 m2 .

2° The area A 1 of lot (1) :
A B
320 320
A 1 =  ×  m2 = 6,400 m2 .
4 4
The area A 2 of lot (2) : (1)
(2)
A 2 = (10,400 – 6,400) m2 = 4,000 m2 .
D

A
19 1st case
A is The area of the yellow surface

 
1
A = area  disc – area (triangle ABC)
2 B C
O
 
1 1
=   × 4.4 –  × 8 × 4 m2 = 9.12 m2 .
2 2

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guide GR6 V2 10/11/15 11:50 AM Page 63

2nd case
A is the area of the figure

 
1
A = area (rectangle ABCD) + 2 area  disc
2
D C
 
1
= 5 × 3 + 2  ×  × 3 × 3 m2
2
= 43.26 m2 .

A B

3rd case
A is the area of the yellow surface
A = area (big disc) – area (small disc)
= ( × 3 × 3 –  × 2 × 2) m2 = 15.7 m2 .
O

20 1° The door is made of a rectangle ABCD of width 1.20 m and

1
of length 3.20 m –  1.20 m = 2.60 m and of a semi circle of
2
diameter 1.20 m .
The area of the door is equal to the sum of the areas of the
rectangle and the semicircle . D C
The area A is :
1
A = (2.60 × 1.20 +  IT × 0.60) m2 = 5.004 m2 .
2
2° The expense is : (2,500 × 5.004) × 2 L.L. = 25,020 L.L.
A B

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88 DIVISION OF TIME

Solve the problems

Page 95-96

1 57,835 s = 16h 3 min 55 s ; 36,475 s = 10h 2 min 55 s ; 186,905 s = 51 h 55 min 5 s

2 296 h = 12 days 8h ; 144 h = 6 days ; 5,674 h = 236 days 10h .

3 1° 8h 7 min 21s ÷ 3 = 2h 42 min 27 s .

2° 29h 24 min ÷ 8 = 3h 40 min 30 s .
3° 47 min 57 s ÷ 7 = 6 min 51 s .

4 1° 7h 28 min + 5h 45 min 13s = 13h 13 min 13s .

2° 18h 30 min 7s – 15h 45 min 17s = 2h 44 min 50s .
3° 8h 15 min 9s × 7 = 57h 46 min 2s .
4° 7h 12 min 15s × 10 = 72h 2 min 30s .

5 1° True . 2° False . 3° True . 4° True . 5° False .

6 The time needed for one turn. 9 min 42.8s ÷8 = 1 min 13.6s .

7 The time needed for the trip

34h 25 min 44s ÷ 8 = 4h 18 min 13s .

8 The time needed for the debit of one hl

2h 35 min 18s ÷ 8 = 19 min 24.75s .
3
The  of the pool = 6 hl .
4
So 19 min 24.75 × 6 = 1h 56 min 28.5s .

9 The time needed for one bottle

1h 54 min 40s ÷ 8 = 14 min 22.5s .

19h 21min – (17h 30min + 15min)

10  = The duration of each half-time : 48 min .
2

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REVISION 2

Page 97-100

1 1° Place point A on [Hx) .

N is the symmetric of D with respect to H .
(HD = HN) and S is the point of [Hy) such that HS = HA .
2° (uv) is the second axis of symmetry in DANS .

2 1° CI = CE and MI = ME, then (CM) is the perpendicular bisector of [EI] .

2° (EI) and (CM) meet at H; we have : HI = HE and (EI) ⊥ (CM) (from 1° .
So I and E are symmetric with respect to (CM) .
1
3° The area of CIME = 2 × the area CIM = 2 ×  IH × CM = 1.5 × 5 = 7.5 cm2 .
2

L
3 1° See the figure .
2° See the figure .
A
3° MA = MI ; ML = ME
and AL = IE (due to the symmetry with respect to (d)) .
Perimeter of MAL = MA + ML + AL (d)
M
= 7 + 7 + 5.5 = 19.5 cm .
4° The symmetric of center M with respect to (d) is M;
hence the symmetric of the circle (C) is circle (C) . 7
7
Circle (C) passes through the points E, L and A since :
MI = ME = ML = MA = 7 cm .
I E
5.5

4 1° Easy .
2° [LI] is the symmetric of [LA] with respect to (LE) then
LI = LA = 5.5 cm .
[LS] is the symmetric of [LB] with respect to (LE), then LS = LB = 5.5 cm .
[IS] is the symmetric of [BA] with respect to (LE), then IS = AB = 5.5 cm .
The perimeter of LIS is : LI + IS + SL = 5.5 × 3 = 16.5 cm .

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guide GR6 V2 10/11/15 11:50 AM Page 66

5
Verbal expression Literal expression

The number a increased by 7 a+7

The double of x decreased by 5 2x – 5

The triple of a increased by the triple of b 3a + 3b

z
Four tines y decreased from the fifth of a number z  – 4y
5
6 The height of Fadi is (t – 4) cm

2
7 1° The number of girls is :  × x
5
2
2° The number of girls is :  × 735 = 294 girls .
5

8 1° AOB = 6x
2° 6x = 90° so x = 15° .

9 Free .

10 1° 5,264.25 cm2 = 0.526425 m2 .

2° 81,416 m2 .
3° 3,514.7461 m2

11 1° The area is : 0.9144 × 0.9144 = 0.836 m2 to 10–3 by default .

2° The area is : 117.9576 × 117.9576 = 13,913.995 rounded to 10–3 by default .

12 DE = 7 ÷ 2 = 3.5 cm; FC = FB = 1.5 cm

EI = IC = 1.75 cm and HF = HC = 0.75 cm .
1
1° The area of BDE is  DE × BC = 5.25 cm2
2
1
2° The area of BEF is  BF × EC = 2.625 cm2
2
3° The area of EFHI is the area of EFC – the area ICH
1 1
It’s therefore :  × 3.5 × 1.5 –  × 1.75 × 0.75 = 1.96875 m2 .
2 2

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13 1° The area of the smallest disc is : 3.14 × 1.5 = 7.065 cm2

The area of the average disc is : 3.14 × 3.5 × 3.5 = 38.465 cm2 .
The area of the largest disc is : 3.14 × 5 × 5 =78.5 cm2 .
2° The area of the crown (1) is the area of the average – The area of the smallest .
That is : 38.465 – 7.065 = 31.4 cm2 .
3° The area of the crown (2) is the area of the biggest – The area of the average .
That is : 78.5 – 38.465 = 40.035 cm2 .
4° Draw three concentric circles of respective radii : 0.75 m; 1.75 m and
2.5 cm .

14 0.5 hm = 50 m
The area of the field is 50 × 50 = 2,500 m2 .
The area of the rectangular field is 4 × 2,500 = 10,000 m2 .
The width of the rectangular field is : 10,000 ÷ 125 = 80 m .
The perimeter of the rectangle is : 2 × (80 + 125) = 410 m .

15 1° The length is 68 × 2,000 = 136,000 mm = 136 m .

The width is 35 × 2,000 = 70,000 mm = 70 m .
2° The area of this field is : 136 × 70 = 9,520 m2 = 95.20 ares.

16 1h 12 min 32.6s
6h 29 min 21.5s
2h 30 min 1.8s
8h 14 min 9.4s

17 1° 6 min = 360s .
For 1 km : 360 ÷ 9 = 40s .
For 54 km : 40 × 45 = 2160s = 36 min .
2° No, she cannot (42 min are needed for 63 km) .

18 For the exchange of 5 gallons 1 min 15s × 5 = 5 min 45s .

The time needed to fill a gallon (1h 7 min 55s – 5 min 45s) ÷ 5 = 12 min 26s .

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99 INTEGERS

Solve the problems

Page 113-114

1 4

RC

–1

–2

–3

2 1° Zahi
Grade 19 9 10 23 5 13.5 12.5 7.5
Deviation from the
+9 –1 0 +3 –5 + 3.5 + 2.5 – 2.5
average
2° Rami
Deviation from the
+3 –1 +4 +1 0 + 2.5 – 3.5 – 0.5
average
Grade 13 9 14 11 10 12.5 6.5 9.5

O E C A
3
D B

4 1° A (– 3) ; M (– 1) .
2° + 2 < abscissa of I < + 3
– 4 < abscissa of N < – 3 .

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guide GR6 V2 10/11/15 11:50 AM Page 69

5 1° 1 7 9
opp
–5 + 8.4 + 0.1 + 3.2 0 –  –  – 
2 10 4
1 7 9
+5 – 8.4 – 0.1 – 3.2 0 +  +  + 
2 10 4
opp 1 7 9
–5 + 8.4 + 0.1 + 3.2 0 –  –  – 
2 10 4

2° They are the same .

3° The number is the same .
4° oppopp(–1) = – 1

  
3 3
opp opp +  = + 
5 5

 4 4
13 13
opp opp+  = + 

oppopp(– 0.9) = – 0.9 .

6 1° T ; 2° F ; 3° T ; 4° T ; 5° F ; 6° T ; 7° T .

7 1° and 2° A′ B′ C′ O C B A
x 1 1 y
–4 – 2.5 –  +  + 2.5 +4
2 2

3° If two integers are opposite , the corresponding points are symmetric with respect
to O .

8 x′ O x
negative numbers

negative positive
9


Whole 0;–1 0 ; +5 ; + 10

– 3.5 ; – 0.9 ;
Decimals + 0.4
– 4.2

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10 1° – 2 ; – 1 ; 0 ; +1 ; +2 .
2° – 5 ; – 4 ; – 3 ; –2 ; – 1 .

11 1° The possible values of a are : – 2 ; – 1 .

2° The possible values of b are : – 5 ; – 4 ; – 3 ; – 2 ; – 1 .
3° The possible values of c are : + 3 ; + 4 ; + 5 ; + 6 ; + 7 .
4° The possible values of d are : + 1 ; + 2 ; + 3 ; + 4 ; + 5 ; + 6 .

12 1° – 1 ; – 2 ; – 3 ; – 4 ; – 5 .
2° 0 ; + 1 ; + 2 ; + 3 ; + 4 ; + 5 ; + 6 .
3° – 6 ; – 5 ; – 4 ; – 3 ; – 2 ; – 1 ; 0 .
4° + 4 ; + 5 ; + 6 ; + 7 ; + 8 ; + 9 ; + 10 .
5° – 5 ; – 4 ; – 3 ; – 2 .
6° – 9 ; – 8 ; – 7 ; – 6 ; – 5 ; – 4 ; – 3 ; – 2 .

13 + 9.8 ; + 1.5 ; + 0.5 ; – 2.9 ; – 4.55 ; – 6.01 .

13 + 9.8 ; + 1.5 ; + 0.5 ; – 2.9 ; – 4.55 ; – 6.01 .

14 –106 < –105 – 500,000 < – 450,000

1 1 5 1
– 2 < – 3 – < –
10 10 4 2

15 1° It is + 9
2° It is + 10
3° It is – 9
4° It is – 10

5° It is 0

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1100 OPERATIONS ON INTEGERS

Solve the problems

Page 120-122

1 (–7) + (–9) = – 16 (–100) + (+36) = – 64

(+50) + (– 41) = + 9 (+93) + (+17) = + 110
(–11) + (+17) = + 6 (+100) + (–121) = – 21
(+81) + (– 40) = + 41 (+256) + (–20) = + 236 .

2 (–5) – (–8) = + 3 (–36) – (–36) = 0

(+40) – (–21) = + 61 (–200) – (+109) = – 309
(–11) – (+15) = – 26 (+ 201) – (–201) = + 402
(+28) – (–20) = + 48 (+354) – (+20) = + 334 .

3 – 15 – 10 0 + 27 + 95 – 15 – 10 0 + 27 + 95
+ (+10) + (–10)
–5 0 + 10 + 36 +105 – 25 – 20 – 10 + 17 + 85

4 (+2.7) + (+1.4) = 4.1 (– 4.5) – (–3) = – 1.5

(–1.8) + (–2.2) = – 4 (–2) – (+3.5) = – 5.5
(+3.8) – (+1.2) = + 2.6 (–5) – (– 4.8) = – 0.2

5 – 21 ; – 16 ; – 11 ; – 6 ; – 1 ; + 4 ; + 9 ; + 14 .

6 + 3 ; + 5 ; + 2 ; – 1 ; – 4 ; – 7 ; – 10 .

7 (+ 5) + (– 2) = + 3 .

8 1° The sum of two opposite integers is zero .

2° The sum of two negative integers is negative .
3° The sum of two positive integers is positive .
4° To subtract (+1.5) is to add the opposite of (+1.5) .

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9 1° c = (+ 2.7) – (– 3.5) = + 6.2

d = (– 3.5) – (+ 2.7) = – 6.2 .
2° c = – d .

10 1° c = a – b = – 19
d = b – a = + 19
c=–d.
2° c = a – b = – 5.1
d = b – a = + 5.1
c=–d.
3° Easy .
4° Easy .

11 1° a b c a+b b+c (a + b) + c a + (b+ c)

+ 2.4 – 5.1 – 1.2 – 2.7 – 6.3 – 3.9 – 3.9
– 6.7 +3.4 +8.1 – 3.3 – 11.5 + 4.8 + 4.8
– 4.1 +3.5 –6 – 0.6 – 2.5 – 6.6 – 6.6
2° (a + b) + c = a + (b + c) .

12 1° x y x+y opp(x + y) opp(x) opp(y) opp(x) + opp(y)

+9 –5 +4 –4 –9 +5 –4
– 0.4 +1.2 + 0.8 – 0.8 + 0.4 – 1.2 – 0.8
+5.1 – 2.3 + 2.8 – 2.8 – 5.1 + 2.3 – 2.8

2° Yes .

13 Easy .

14 Easy .

15 1° F . + 1 + (– 2) = – 1 .
2° T . + 1 + (– 1) = 0 .
3° F . + 1 – (– 1) = + 1 + ( + 1) = + 2 .
4° F . + 1 – (+ 3) = + 1 + (– 3) = – 2 .
5° F . (+ 5) + (– 1) = + 4 .

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16 Revenue Expenses Profit Loss Corresponding integer

156,000 134,000 22,000 0 + 22,000
210,000 220,000 0 10,000 – 10,000
108,000 112,000 0 4,000 – 4 ,000
169,000 207,000 38,000 0 + 38,000
119,000 119,000 0 0 0
90,000 121,000 0 31,000 – 31,000

17 1st test +3 +10 –5 +9 –5 +23 –2

2nd test –5 +9 +8 –7 +5 – 18 – 15
Conclusion –2 + 19 +3 +2 0 +5 – 17

+3
18 – 20
–4 +2
0 – 20
+ 15 – 15 –5
–5 +1 +9
+ 21 –6 –9 +4

–2 +4
–3

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1111 SOLIDS AND UNITS OF VOLUME

Solve the problems

Page 136

1 1° 18,000 cm3 = 18 dm3 . 7° 1,300 l = 1.3 m3 .

2° 34 dm3 = 34,000 cm3 = 34,000,000 mm3 . 8° 36 dam3 = 36,000,000 l .
3° 1.45 dam3 = 1,450 m3 = 1,450,000 dm3 . 9° 23,000 ml = 230 dm3 .
4° 1.58 m3 = 1,580 dm3 = 1,580,000 cm3 . 10°1,750 dal = 175,000 dm3 .
5° 0.03 dam3 = 30,000 dm3 = 30,000,000 mm3 . 11°2.5 hl = 0.25 m3 .
6° 1,990 m3 = 1.99 dam3 = 0.00199 hm3 . 12°2.7 dal = 27,000 cm3 .

2 1° F ; 2° V ; 3° F ; 4° F ; 5° F .

3 1° b) ; 2° b) ; 3° c) .

4
4 Radius 1.5 cm . Volume =  πR3 = 14.13 cm3 = 0.001413 m3 .
3
5 1° The volume v of the pool : v = 56 × 92 × 75 cm3 = 386,900 cm3 .
200,000
2° The height h of the water is h =  cm = 28.985 cm .
92 × 75

6 The side is 6 cm . The volume is 6 × 6 × 6 cm3 = 216 cm3 .

7 1° Volume of the cylinder : V = R2h = 2,000   6,283 cm3 .

 
4
2° Volume of the ball  R3 .
3
4 4,000
V =   103 =    4,189 cm3 .
3 3
V 6,283
3°  =   1.5 .
V′ 4,189

 
22 22
8 Volume of the juice : v =  ×  ×  × 27 cm3 = 10,258.38 cm3 .
2 2
Number of cups : 10,258.38 ÷ 105 = 97 cups .

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REVISION 3

Page 137-142

1 x=7.

2 Opp Opp Opp

3.2 – 3.2 + 3.2 – 3.2

– 9.1 + 9.1 – 9.1 + 9.1

0 0 0 0

– 0.9 + 0.9 – 0.9 + 0.9

+ 10.52 – 10.52 + 10.52 – 10.52

– 7.09 + 7.09 – 7.09 + 7.09

3 x′ C D B O E A F x
H

4 1° Date Nature of the operation Debit Credit

20 January Christmas gift for Mom + 200 $

23 January Bought a costume + 230 $
24 January Bought a gift – 90 $
29 January Gift for Dad + 150 $

TOTAL 850 $

2° The rest of the money after the debit and credit .

A B C D E O
5
–7 –6 –3 –2 –1

6 I am –5.13 .

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7
x y z y+z x – (y + z) x–y–z

15 – (– 13) = 15 + 13 15 – (–y) – (+19)

+ 15 – 32 + 19 – 13
= 28 15 + y –19 = 28

– 14 – (–3.7) – (+11.4) =
– 14 – 3.7 + 11.4 + 7.7 – 14 – 7.7 = – 21.7
– 21.7

+ 0.14 – (+6.68) = 0.14 – (– 4.32) – (+1) =

+ 0.14 – 4.32 + 11 + 6.68
0.14 + (– 6.68) = 6.54 – 6.54

We deduce that : x – (y + z) = x – y – z .

8
–3 +4 –1
+2 0 –2
+1 –4 +3

9 1° (+ 13) – (+ 16) = – 3 4° (– 5) – (– 14) = + 9

2° (+ 15) – (+ 25) = – 10 5° (– 3.4) – (+ 15.4) = – 18.8
3° (+ 26) – (– 4) = + 30 6° (– 53.15) – (+ 53.15) = – 106.3 .

10 1° (+ 2) + (+ 3) = + 5 4° (– 2) + (+ 4) = + 2
2° (– 5) + (+ 5) = 0 5° (– 5) – (– 5) = 0
3° (+ 6) – (+ 4) = + 2 6° (+ 8) – (+ 8) = 0 .

11 The thermometer decreased by 5° .

12 1° in dollars debit credit balance

Balance till 12.02 + 6,875
13.02.00 Check removal – 1,250 + 5,625
14.02.00 Debit credit card – 2,400 + 3,225
15.02.00 Check removal – 2,345 + 880
16.02.00 Check deposit + 1 345 + 2,225
20.02.00 Check removal – 678 + 1,547
Balance till 28.02.00 + 1,547

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13 A = (+ 9.12) + (– 7.5) + (– 3.4) + (+ 9.15) = 7.37

B = (+ 18.15) – (+ 6.5) – (– 4.3) + (– 18.15) = – 2.2
C = (– 14) – (– 19) – (+ 15) + (– 13) – (– 14) = – 9
A + B = + 7.37 + (– 2.2) = + 5.17
A + B – C = + 5.17 – (– 9) = 14.17 .

14 1° The deviation is 14° [+ 5 → – 9]

2° (Easy) .

15 The length of a side is : 60 ÷ 12 = 5 cm . A B

E F
D C

H G

A B

D C
A

G
E H

E
F

A B

16 The 3rd drawing represents the net of a drawer .

17 1° 2.5 m3 = 2,500 l = 250,000 hl 5° 3.51 l = 3.51 dm3 = 3,510 cm3

2° 3,790 cm3 = 3.790 l = 379 cl 6° 97 hl = 9,700 dm3 = 9.7 m3

3° 0.7 dm3 = 0.7 l = 70 cl 7° 66 cl = 0.66 dm3 = 660,000 mm3

4° 937 mm3 = 0.000937 l = 0.937 ml 8° 2,100 dal = 21,000 dm3 = 21 m3 .

18
Height h in cm 3 5 7 10

Volume V in cm3 94.2 157 219.8 314

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19 1° Volume of the tank is = 2.4 × 2.4 × 2.4 = 13.824 m3 .

2° The height of the water :

128 × 72 = 9,216 liter = 9,216 dm3 = 9.216 m3 so the height of the water is : 2.1 m .

20 1° 2,000,000 × 0.75 = 1,500,000 l = 15,000 hl .

2° 1,500,000 × 1.6 = 2,400,000 kg .

21 20 → 25 ml

2
40 ml 40 ml
33 ml
30 30
25 31.25 ml
20 25 ml 20
33 ml – 31.25 ml = 1.75 ml
10 ml 10 ml
1.75 ml = 1.75 cm3 so the height of
the cube is 1.2 cm .

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guide GR6 V2 10/11/15 11:50 AM Page 80

This edition
was printed in the
Al-Ahlia press
December 2009

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