Cloud Computing
Layer 1: Cloud vs. On-Premise
On-Premise Computing
Definition: Hosting IT resources within the organization’s own
infrastructure.
Features: Full control, high CapEx, maintenance responsibility.
Components: Server clusters, data centers, physical security.
Challenges: High initial cost, scaling complexity.
Cloud Computing
Definition: Delivery of computing resources and services over the
internet by third-party providers.
Features: Scalability, cost savings, flexibility.
Early Models: Grid computing, utility computing.
Advantages: Rapid scalability, centralized security, reduced CapEx.
Limitations: Internet dependency, vendor lock-in, security concerns.
Key Differences
Ownership: Organization (On-Premise) vs. Provider (Cloud).
Cost: High CapEx (On-Premise) vs. Pay-as-you-go OpEx (Cloud).
Maintenance: Manual updates (On-Premise) vs. Managed by provider
(Cloud).
Scalability: Fixed resources (On-Premise) vs. Elastic resources (Cloud).
Layer 2: Cloud Components
Cloud Architecture
Front-End
Devices: Laptops, smartphones, user applications.
Client-side interaction with cloud services.
Back-End
Data centers, servers, storage systems managed by cloud providers.
Middleware
Connects front-end and back-end.
APIs, management interfaces, workflow orchestration.
Network
Ensures data transmission between front-end, middleware, and back-
end.
Virtual Private Networks (VPN), internet, Content Delivery
Networks (CDN).
Virtualization
Key to cloud services.
Types: Server, storage, and network virtualization.
Hypervisors: Type 1 (Bare-metal) and Type 2 (Hosted).
Security and Governance
Centralized security provided by cloud providers.
Identity and Access Management (IAM), encryption, compliance.
Layer 3: Cloud Deployment Models
Public Cloud
Definition: Cloud services delivered over the internet by third-party
providers.
Features: Scalability, cost-effectiveness, no infrastructure management.
Use Cases: Startups, high-growth tech, seasonal applications.
Private Cloud
Definition: Dedicated cloud infrastructure for one organization.
Features: Full control, high security, customization.
Challenges: High cost, limited scalability.
Use Cases: Regulated industries like finance, healthcare.
Hybrid Cloud
Definition: Combines public and private clouds for flexibility and
control.
Features: Data mobility, disaster recovery, cost control.
Use Cases: Businesses with complex data needs and regulatory concerns.
Community Cloud
Definition: Shared cloud infrastructure among organizations with similar
needs.
Features: Cost-sharing, collaboration, tailored services.
Use Cases: Government agencies, research organizations.
Layer 4: Cloud Service Models
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
Provides cloud-hosted infrastructure (virtual machines, storage,
networks).
Features: High availability, scalability, disaster recovery.
Use Cases: Disaster recovery, eCommerce, IoT.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
Provides platforms for developers to build, deploy, and manage
applications.
Features: Middleware services, automatic updates, support for multiple
languages.
Use Cases: Agile development, DevOps, IoT.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
Software applications delivered over the internet.
Features: Multi-tenancy, accessibility from any device, minimal setup.
Use Cases: Productivity tools, CRM systems, email services.
Layer 5: Performance Monitoring and Management
CPU Utilization
Monitors how much of the CPU’s capacity is being used.
Important for autoscaling decisions.
Mean Time to Repair (MTTR)
Measures how quickly a system can be restored after a failure.
Requests Per Minute (RPM)
Tracks the number of requests a server handles in a minute.
Helps understand traffic spikes and server load.
Error Rate
Monitors the percentage of failed requests.
Indicates system issues like configuration errors or overloading.
