Topic-wise DPPs for NEET Aspirants

Current Electricity
DPP- III – Ohm’s Law, EMF of Cell, Internal R and Distribution of Current & Voltage in Circuits

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1. A battery of emf E and internal resistance r is connected to an external resistance R the condition for
maximum power transfer is
a) r<R b) r>R c) r=1/R d) R=R
2. For the network shown in the figure the value of the current 𝑖 is
2

4 4
3

6

V
9𝑉 5𝑉 5𝑉 18𝑉
a) b) c) d)
35 18 9 5
3. A battery having e.m.f. 5𝑉 and internal resistance 0.5 Ω is connected with a resistance of 4.5 Ω then the
voltage at the terminals of battery is
a) 4.5 𝑉 b) 4 𝑉 c) 0 𝑉 d) 2 𝑉

4. The current in a simple series circuit is 5.0.A. when an additional resistance of 2.0 Ω is inserted, the
current drops to 4.0 A. the original resistance of the circuit in ohm was
a) 1.25 b) 8 c) 10 d) 20

5. In the circuit shown the value of I in ampere is

4Ω

I 4Ω
4Ω 4Ω
V

4V 1.6Ω

a) 1 b) 060 c) 0.4 d) 1.5

6. Five equal resistances, each of resistance 𝑅,are connected as shown in figure below. A bettery of 𝑉 volt
is connected between 𝐴 and 𝐵. The current flowing in 𝐹𝐶 will be
C

R R

F R
R A
B

R
E

3𝑉 𝑉 𝑉 2𝑉
a) b) c) d)
𝑅 𝑅 2𝑅 𝑅

7. The figure shows a network of currents. The magnitude of currents is shown here. The current 𝑖 will be
15A
3A

8A

i
5A

a) 3 𝐴 b) 13 𝐴 c) 23 𝐴 d) −3 𝐴
8. 5 cells, each of emf 0.2𝑉 and internal resistance 1Ω are connected to an external circuit of resistance of
10Ω. Find the current through external circuit
1 1 1 1
a) 𝐴 b) 𝐴 c) 𝐴 d) 𝐴
2.5 10 15 2
9. The current in the 1Ω resistor shown in the circuit is
4Ω

1Ω 6V

4Ω

2 b) 3A c) 6A d) 2A
a) 𝐴
3
10. The current in the given circuit is

RA = 3 RB = 6
4.8V

RC = 6

a) 8.31 𝐴 b) 6.82 𝐴 c) 4.92 𝐴 d) 2 𝐴

11. In the figure given below, the current passing through 6Ω resistor is
6

1.2 A

4

a) 0.40 𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑒 b) 0.48 𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑒 c) 0.72 𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑒 d) 0.80 𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑒

12. The internal resistance of a cell of emf 2 V is 0.1Ω. It is connected to a resistance of 3.9Ω . The potential
difference across is
a) 0.5 V b) 1.9 V c) 1.95 V d) 2 V
13. The magnitude of I in ampere, passing through 60 Ohm is
60 Ω

15 Ω 5Ω
1A 1A
10Ω

a) 0.1 b) 0.3 c) 0.6 d) None of the above

14. A wire of resistance 10 Ω is bent to form a circle. 𝑃 and 𝑄 are points on the circumference of the circle
dividing it into a quadrant and are connected to a battery of 3 𝑉 and internal resistance 1 Ω as shown in
the figure. The currents in the two parts of the circle are

3V
Q
1Ω

6 18 5 15 4 12 3 9
a) 23 𝐴 and 23 𝐴 b) 26 𝐴 and 26 𝐴 c) 25
𝐴 and 25 𝐴 d) 25 𝐴 and 25 𝐴
15. If the ammeter in the given circuit reads 2 𝐴, the resistance 𝑅 is

a) 1 𝑜ℎ𝑚 b) 2 𝑜ℎ𝑚 c) 3 𝑜ℎ𝑚 d) 4 𝑜ℎ𝑚

16. A battery of 𝑒𝑚𝑓 E produces currents 𝐼1 and 𝐼2 when connected to external resistances 𝑅1 and 𝑅2
respectively. The internal resistance of the battery is
𝐼1 𝑅2 − 𝐼2 𝑅1 𝐼1 𝑅2 + 𝐼2 𝑅1 𝐼1 𝑅1 + 𝐼2 𝑅2 𝐼1 𝑅1 − 𝐼2 𝑅2
a) b) c) d)
𝐼2 − 𝐼1 𝐼1 − 𝐼2 𝐼1 − 𝐼2 𝐼2 − 𝐼1
17. A cell of emf E is connected across a resistance R. the potential difference between the terminals of the
cell is found to be V volt. Then the internal resistance of the cell must be
a) (E-V) (𝐸 − 𝑉) 2(𝐸 − 𝑉)𝑅 2(𝐸 − 𝑉)𝑉
b) 𝑅 c) d)
𝑉 𝐸 𝑅
18. Three voltmeters A, B and C having resistances R, 1.5R and 3R respectively are used in a circuit as
shown. When a potential difference is applied between X and Y, the readings of the voltmeters are
𝑉1 , 𝑉2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑉3 respectively. Then
B

X A Y

a) 𝑉1 = 𝑉2 = 𝑉3 b) 𝑉1 < 𝑉2 = 𝑉2 c) 𝑉1 > 𝑉2 > 𝑉3 d) 𝑉1 > 𝑉2 > 𝑉3

19. In a network as shown in the figure, the potential difference across the resistance 2 R is (the cell has an
emf of E volt and has no ingternal resistance)
4R

2R

a) 2E 4𝐸 𝐸 d) E
b) c)
7 7
20. A series combination of two resistors 1 Ω each is connected to a 12 𝑉 battery of internal resistance
0.4 Ω. The current flowing through it will be
a) 3.5 𝐴 b) 5 𝐴 c) 6 𝐴 d) 10 𝐴
21. A current 2 𝐴 flows through a 2Ω resistor when connected across a battery. The same battery supplies a
current 0.5 𝐴 when connected across a 9Ω resistor. The internal resistance of the battery is
a) 1Ω b) 0.5Ω c) 1/3Ω d) 1/4Ω
22. A cell of e. m. f. 𝐸 connected with an external resistance 𝑅, then p.d. across cell is 𝑉. The internal
resistance of cell will be
(𝐸 − 𝑉)𝑅 (𝐸 − 𝑉)𝑅 (𝑉 − 𝐸)𝑅 (𝑉 − 𝐸)𝑅
a) b) c) d)
𝐸 𝑉 𝑉 𝐸
 : HINTS AND SOLUTIONS :
1 (d) So, net resistance,
We know that the current in the circuit R=2.4+1.6=4.0Ω
𝐸 Therefore, current from the battery.
𝐼=
𝑅+𝑟 𝑉 4
and power delivered to the resistance R is 𝑖 = = = 1𝐴
𝑅 4
2
𝐸2 𝑅 Now, from the circuit (b),
𝑃=𝐼 𝑅=
(𝑅 + 𝑟)2 4I’ =6I
𝑑𝑃
It is maximum when 𝑑𝑅 = 0 3
⟹ 𝐼′ = 𝐼
2
𝑑𝑃 (𝑟 + 𝑅)2 − 2𝑅(𝑟 + 𝑅) But 𝑖=I+I’
= 𝐸2 [ ]=0
𝑑𝑅 (𝑟 + 𝑅)4 3 5
Or (𝑟 + 𝑅)2 = 2𝑅(𝑟 + 𝑅) =𝐼+ 𝐼= 𝐼
2 2
Or 𝑅 = 𝑟 5
∴ 1= 𝐼
2 (b) 2
The given network is a balanced Wheatstone 2
⟹ 𝐼 = = 0.4𝐴
18 5
bridge. It’s equivalent resistance will be 𝑅 = Ω
5 6 (c)
𝑉 𝑉 5𝑉
So current from the battery 𝑖 = = = 𝑉
𝑅 18/5 18 𝐼=
3 (a) 𝑅
R C R

𝐸 5 F E
𝑖= = = 1𝐴 A R B

𝑅 + 𝑟 4.5 + 0.5 R R

𝑉 = 𝐸 − 𝑖𝑟 = 5 − 1 × 0.5 = 4.5 Volt

4 (b) V

Let the original resistance is R Ω.

1 𝑉
∴ 𝑉 = 𝐼𝑅 ∴ Current in FC = =
2 2𝑅
𝑉 = 5 × 𝑅 = 5𝑅 …(i) 7 (c)
When 2 Ω resistance is inserted, then total By Kirchhoff’s current law
resistance 8 (c)
=(R+2) Ω
∴ 𝑉 = 𝐼’ (𝑅 + 2) = 4(𝑅 + 2) …(ii)
From Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get
5𝑅 = 4(𝑅 + 2)
∴ R=8 Ω
5 (c) Here, emf of each cell, 𝜀 = 0.2𝑉
We can simplify the network as shown Internal resistance of each cell, 𝑟 = 1Ω
4Ω I’ 4Ω
External resistance, 𝑅 = 10Ω
4Ω
The total emf of 5 cells = 5𝜀 = 5(0.2)𝑉 = 1𝑉
I 4Ω I 6Ω
4Ω Total internal resistance of 5 cells = 5𝑟 =
i
5(1)Ω = 5Ω
4V 1.6Ω 4V 1.6Ω Total resistance of the circuit = 𝑅 + 5𝑟 = 10 +
(a) (b) 5 = 15Ω
2.4Ω The current in the external circuit,
5𝜀 1𝑉 1
i 4V 1.6Ω 𝐼= = = 𝐴
𝑅 + 5𝑟 15Ω 15
(𝑐)
9 (d) 1
∴ 𝐼= = 0.1𝐴
In the given circuit 4Ω resistors are connected in 10
parallel, this combination is connected in series 14 (a)
with 1Ω resistance. In the following figure
Resistance of part 𝑃𝑁𝑄;
2Ω 1Ω
M
i2
i P

i1
6V N Q
3V, 1Ω
1 1 1 2 1
∴ ′ = + = =
𝑅 4 4 4 2
10
⟹ 𝑅′ = 2Ω 𝑅1 = = 2.5Ω and
4
Also, R’’=2 Ω +1Ω =3Ω Resistance of part 𝑃𝑀𝑄;
From Ohm’s law, 𝑉 = 𝑖𝑅 3
𝑉 6 𝑅2 = × 10 = 7.5Ω
∴ 𝑖 = = = 2𝐴 4
𝑅 3 𝑅1 𝑅2 2.5 × 7.5 15
10 (d) 𝑅𝑒𝑞 = = = Ω
𝑅1 + 𝑅2 (2.5 + 7.5) 8
6Ω and 6Ω are in series, so effective resistance is Main Current 𝑖 = 15
3
=
24
𝐴
+1 23
12Ω which is in parallel with 3Ω, so 8
1 1 1 15 𝑅2 24 7.5 18
= + = So, 𝑖1 = 𝑖 × (𝑅 +𝑅 ) = 23 × (2.5+7.5) = 23 𝐴
1 2
𝑅 3 12 36 24 18 6
36 and 𝑖2 = 𝑖 − 𝑖1 = 23 − 23 = 23 𝐴
⇒𝑅=
15 15 (a)
𝑉 4.8 × 15 𝑉 6 6
∴𝐼= = = 2𝐴 𝑖= ⇒ 2 = 6×3 = ⇒𝑅 =1Ω
𝑅 36 𝑅 +𝑅 2+𝑅
11 (b) 6+3
6×4 16 (d)
P.d. across the circuit = 1.2 × = 2.88 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑡
6+4 Let 𝐸 and 𝑟 be the emf and internal resistance of a
2.88
Current through 6 𝑜ℎ𝑚 resistance = 6 = 0.48 𝐴 battery respectively
12 (c)
𝐸 2
𝑖= = = 0.5;
𝑅 + 𝑟 3.9 + 0.1

𝑉 = 𝐸 − 𝑖𝑟 = 2 − 0.5 × 0.1 = 1.95V

In the first case current flowing in the circuit
13 (a) 𝐸
𝐼1 =
All the resistances are in parallel order, so voltage 𝑅1 𝑟
across them will be equal. Or 𝐸 = 𝐼1 (𝑅1 + 𝑟)
60 Ω

𝐼
15 Ω 5 Ω
1A 𝐼1 1A
1 − 𝐼 − 𝐼1 10 Ω In the second case current flowing in the circuit
𝐸
𝐼2 =
∴ 60𝐼 = (15 + 5)𝐼1 𝑅2 + 𝑟
⟹ 60𝐼 = 20𝐼1 Or 𝐸 = 𝐼2 (𝑅2 + 𝑟)
⟹ 𝐼1 = 3𝐼 Equating equations (i) and (ii), we get
Again (15 + 5)𝐼1 = 10(1 − 𝐼 − 𝐼1 ) 𝐼1 (𝑅1 + 𝑟) = 𝐼2 (𝑅2 + 𝑟) ⇒ 𝐼1 𝑅1 + 𝐼1 𝑟 = 𝐼2 𝑅2 + 𝐼2 𝑟
⟹ 2𝐼1 = 1 − 𝐼 − 𝐼1 𝐼1 𝑅1 − 𝐼2 𝑅2 = (𝐼2 − 𝐼1 )𝑟 ⇒ (𝐼2 − 𝐼1 )𝑟
⟹ 2(3𝐼) = 1 − 𝐼 − 3𝐼 = 𝐼1 𝑅1 − 𝐼2 𝑅2
⟹ 6𝐼 + 4𝐼 = 1 𝐼1 𝑅1 − 𝐼2 𝑅2
𝑟=
⟹ 10𝐼 = 1 𝐼2 − 𝐼1

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17 (b)
R 4
Let the potential difference across battery is V and |3 R

internal resistance of the cell is r, then

𝐸 = 𝑉 + 𝑖𝑟 … . (𝑖)
𝑉 = 𝑖𝑅 … … … (𝑖𝑖)
Now, from Eqs. (i) and (ii) we have
1 1 1
𝐸 = 𝑖𝑅 + 𝑖𝑟 = 𝑖(𝑅 + 𝑟) …..(iii) = +
𝑅 ′ 4𝑅 2𝑅
Now, dividing Eq. (iii) by Eq. (ii), we get
6𝑅
𝐸 𝑅+𝑟 𝑟 = 2
= =1+ 8𝑅
𝑉 𝑅 𝑅 8
𝐸 𝑟 𝑅′ = 𝑅
−1= 6
𝑉 𝑅 4
𝐸−𝑉 = 𝑅
or ( )𝑅 = 𝑟 3
𝑉 4 7𝑅
Hence, internal resistance ⟹ 𝑅′′ = 𝑅 + 𝑅 =
3 3
𝐸−𝑉
𝑟=( )𝑅 Given, emf is E volts, therefore
𝑉 𝐸 3𝐸
18 (a) 𝑖= =
𝑅 7𝑅
Here, 𝑉2 = 𝑉3 7R/3
1.5 R

R V 2

V1 V3

3R Potential difference across R is

3𝑅 3𝐸
𝑉 = 𝑖𝑟 = ×𝑅 =
7𝑅 7
𝑖𝑒. , 𝑖2 × 1.5𝑅 = 3𝑅 × 𝑖3 Potential difference across 2R is
And 𝑖2 + 𝑖3 = 𝑖 3𝐸 4𝐸
2𝑖 𝑖 𝑉′ = 𝐸 − =
⟹ 𝑖2 = 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑖3 = 7 7
3 3 20 (b)
Now, 𝑉𝑖 = 𝑖𝑅 12
2𝑖 𝑖= = 5𝐴
𝑉2 = × 1.5𝑅 = 𝑖𝑅 (1 + 1) + 0.4
3 21 (c)
𝑖 𝜀
𝑉3 = × 3𝑅 = 𝑖𝑅 2=
3 2+𝑟
𝑖𝑒, 𝑉1 = 𝑉2 = 𝑉3 𝜀 2 9+𝑟 1
0.5 = 9+𝑟 or 0.5 = 2+𝑟 ∴ 𝑟 = 3 Ω
19 (b)
In the given circuit, resistors 4R and 2R are 22 (b)
𝑉
connected in parallel while resistance R is Let the current in the circuit = 𝑖 = 𝑅
connected in series to it. 𝐸−𝑉 𝐸−𝑉
Across the cell, 𝐸 = 𝑉 + 𝑖𝑟 ⇒ 𝑟 = = =
𝑖 𝑉/𝑅
Hence, equivalent resistance is 𝐸−𝑉
( )𝑅
𝑉

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