Clinical nutrition revision

True or False:
1. Physical activity is the ability to maximize genetic potential with appropriate physical , mental Attitude aiming
competition.
2. The body has limited capacity to store glycogen.
3. After the body takes all energy needed, the excess glucose is stored as glycogen in the liver, then glycogen in
the muscle, then as fat in adipose tissue.
4. The ATP-CP energy pathway supplies about 10 seconds worth of energy and is used for long bursts of exercise.
5. Anaerobic pathway has the highest rate of energy production.
6. Before workout by 1-1:30 hours, complete meal includes proteins , carbs and fats to be given.
7. In carbohydrate cycle, the best sequence is 3 days zero carb then 1 day low carb then 1 day high carb.
8. Eat-stop-eat type of intermittent fasting considered to be the best pattern to loss weight

MCQ :
1. A pre event meal should
a. Be high in fat to increase digestion
b. Include caffeine for optimal endurance
c. should be different from what you are used to eating
d. should be light and high in Carbohydrates
2. The role of nutrition in athletics
a. Has been found to greatly affect recovery after workout
b. Is more important for performance than recovery
c. Is not a major issue anymore
d. Is only important for top level swimmers
3.For optimal recovery, which of the following should be included in a post workout snack?
a. Carbohydrates, fluids, proteins
b. Carbohydrates, fats, proteins, and sweets
c. Carbohydrates fats, proteins
d. Just fluids and Proteins
4. Which of the following is not a characteristic of the Anaerobic Energy System?
a. Non-oxygen dependent
b. Short duration activities between 1 second and 60 seconds
c. Oxygen-dependent
d. Lactic acid is a by product
5.The following are characteristics of Aerobic or Anaerobic exercises?
"Presence of oxygen, moderate intensity, long duration, develops stamina and burns calories during
activity"
a. Aerobic exercises
b. Anaerobic exercises
6. A patient with gout should follow which diet
a. High ca diet
b. Low purine dies
c. Renal diet
d. Alcohol
7. During a home health visit you are helping a patient with gout identify foods in their pantry they should
avoid eating. Select all the foods below the patient should avoid:
a. Sardines
b.Whole wheat bread.
c. Bananas
d. Crackers

8.Which of the following is not a symptom of lactose intolerance?

a. Bloating
b. Cramps
c. Nausea
d. Fever
9. Which of the following is a food someone with lactose intolerance might try?
a. Fresh milk
b. Buttermilk
c. Yogurt
d. Powdered milk

Questions on Sport
1. What is the definition of Physical Activity?
a. Movement caused by mental Contraction
b. Any movement caused by Muscle Contraction that results in caloric expenditure even if it is purposeless
c. Endurance type of exercise
d. Sprinting for a short period
2. Where does Metabolism occur in the body?
a. Excreted in urine
b. Digestive organs
c. Cells
d. Respiratory system
3. Why is Nutrition important for Athletes?
a. To meet the daily nutrient requirements
b. To watch TV without getting bored
c. To have fun
d. To maximize sleep
4. How is energy needed for Exercise obtained from food?
a. Sugars turn into protein
b. Food is digested into amino acids
c. Food is digested into glucose, fatty acids, and amino acids
d. Food is stored in the liver
5. What is the main purpose of the ATP-CP energy pathway?
a. Long-term energy storage
b. Slow and steady energy release
c. Short bursts of energy for activities like sprinting
d. Energy conversion for brain function
6. Which system provides energy by the partial breakdown of glucose without oxygen?
a. Phosphate system
b. Aerobic system
c. Anaerobic glycolysis
d. Creatine-Phosphate system
7. What is the primary fuel in sprint-type activities?
a. Protein
b. Fats
c. Carbohydrates
d. Vitamins
8. When does Anaerobic metabolism produce energy?
a. During low-intensity exercises
b. Only when there is oxygen available
c. For short, high-intensity bursts of activity
d. During long-duration activities
9. What is the main fuel used in Aerobic metabolism?
a. Proteins
b. Fats
c. Carbohydrates
d. Minerals
10. Which type of metabolism is more efficient for sustained energy production?
a. Anaerobic Metabolism
b. Aerobic Metabolism
c. Creatine-Phosphate system
d. Phosphate system
11. How does Aerobic metabolism contribute to weight loss during exercise?
a. Burns up available and stored sugars
b. Stores excess calories as fat
c. Converts proteins into energy
d. Suggests caloric supplements
12. What is recommended as a pre-event meal for athletes?
a. 2 grams of protein per kg of body weight
b. Foods high in fats and sugars
c. Simple carbs with minimum protein and no fats
d. No meal needed before an event
13. Which nutrient mainly fuels moderate to high-intensity exercise?
a. Proteins
b. Fats
c. Carbohydrates
d. Vitamins
14. How many days should one workout per week as per the general rules mentioned?
a. 1 day
b. 5 days
c. 7 days
d. At least 3 days
15. What is the main concept of the Carbs Cycle?
a. A nutrition strategy that rotates between high and low carbohydrate days
b. A strict low-carb diet without any fluctuations
c. A high-carb diet without any restrictions
d. A protein-focused eating pattern
16. What is Intermittent Fasting?
a. A diet that promotes continuous eating throughout the day
b. A method that cycles between periods of fasting and eating
c. Eating only during nighttime hours
d. Juicing all meals
17. How does Intermittent fasting affect insulin levels?
a. Increases insulin sensitivity
b. Decreases insulin sensitivity
c. Keeps insulin levels unchanged
d. Causes insulin resistance
18. Which type of fasting involves restricting calories to 500-600 on two days?
a. The 16-8 method
b. The 5:2 diet
c. Eat-Stop-Eat
d. The 8-8-8 method
19. What is recommended to consume during fasting periods according to Intermittent Fasting facts?
a. Sugary beverages
b. Fatty meals
c. Water, coffee, tea, and other non-caloric beverages
d. Energy drinks
20. What is the key difference between Anaerobic metabolism and Aerobic metabolism?
a. Anaerobic metabolism uses fats as fuel, while Aerobic metabolism uses carbohydrates
b. Anaerobic metabolism is more efficient for long-duration activities
c. Aerobic metabolism can only use glucose and glycogen, while Anaerobic metabolim can break down fats and
proteins
d. Anaerobic metabolism is used for sustained energy production, while Aerobic metabolism is only for short
bursts of activity

Questions on GOUT , IBS

1. What is GOUT?
a. Gout is a form of arthritis caused by bacteria in the blood
b. Gout is a painful form of arthritis due to high levels of uric acid forming crystals in and around a joint
c. Gout is a result of low levels of uric acid in the blood
d. Gout is caused by excessive vitamin C intake
2. Risk factors for GOUT include:
a. Low blood pressure and healthy kidney function
b. Low alcohol intake
c. High dietary fiber consumption
d. Moderate to high alcohol intake
3. How can a gout diet help patients?
a. Cure gout attacks completely without need for medication
b. Slow the progression of joint damage
c. Increase the risk of recurring gout attacks
d. None of the above
4. What is the role of Weight loss in managing gout?
a. Being underweight is preferred for gout patients
b. Losing weight can lower uric acid levels and reduce gout attacks
c. Weight loss has no impact on gout
d. Weight loss increases stress on joints
5. What should be increased in a gout diet to control uric acid levels?
a. Foods high in purines
b. Lean meat, poultry, and low-fat dairy
c. Saturated fats from red meat
d. Organ meats like liver and kidney
6. How does Vitamin C impact gout?
a. Increases uric acid levels
b. Helps lower uric acid levels
c. Has no effect on gout prevention
d. Causes gout attacks
7. Lifestyle recommendations for gout patients include:
a. Excessive alcohol consumption
b. Sedentary lifestyle
c. Regular exercise
d. High stress levels
8. What is Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)?
a. An autoimmune disorder
b. A group of symptoms affecting the large intestine
c. A type of food allergy
d. Damage in the digestive tract
9. Triggers for IBS can include all of the following except:
a. Food
b. Stress
c. Hormones
d. Physical activity
10. How does fiber help in managing IBS?
a. Fiber worsens constipation
b. Fiber makes stool harder to pass
c. Fiber improves constipation by making stool soft
d. Fiber has no impact on IBS
11. What should be avoided in IBS patients related to gluten?
a. Gluten should be increased
b. Gluten has no impact on IBS
c. Gluten should be avoided
d. Gluten is beneficial for IBS
12. What is the low FODMAP diet aimed at?
a. Increasing hard-to-digest carbohydrates
b. Reducing or avoiding certain carbohydrates
c. Eliminating protein from the diet
d. Introducing more sugars
13. Which of the following contains lactose?
a. Fruits
b. Beans
c. Dairy products
d. Whole grains
14. How is lactose broken down in the body?
a. Absorbed as is into the bloodstream
b. Broken down into glucose and galactose
c. Converted into fructose
d. Excreted unchanged
15. Symptoms of lactose intolerance include:
a. Nausea and diarrhea
b. Palpitations and chest pain
c. Increased appetite
d. Clear skin
16. What is the key difference between lactose intolerance and milk allergy?
a. Both conditions affect the immune system
b. Lactose intolerance is digestive, milk allergy is immune-related
c. Lactose intolerance is life-threatening
d. Milk allergy leads to constipation
17. Are infants commonly lactose intolerant?
a. Yes
b. No
c. Depends on the country
d. Only premature infants
18. How can one manage lactose intolerance in children?
a. Increase milk consumption
b. Take lactase enzyme supplements
c. Avoid all dairy products
d. Stop eating fiber-rich foods
19. Which food products often contain lactose?
a. Meat
b. Cereals
c. Leafy greens
d. Seafood
20. What can be a good source of calcium for individuals with lactose intolerance?
a. Dairy products
b. Nuts and beans
c. Fish and seafood
d. Eggs

Questions on kidney , HTN

1. Which of the following is NOT a risk commonly faced by Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) patients?
a. Hyperkalemia
b. Hypocalcemia
c. Hypertension
d. Hyperphosphatemia
2. How does Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) impact the body's ability to maintain phosphate balance?
a. Enhances excretion of excess phosphorus
b. Prevents enough phosphorus excretion
c. Increases phosphate homeostasis
d. Balances phosphorus levels effectively
3. What is the primary function of vitamin D in individuals with End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD)?
a. Induces hypophosphatemia
b. Decreases bone reabsorption
c. Activates intestinal calcium reabsorption
d. Inhibits parathyroid hormone secretion
4. What is recommended protein intake for CKD stages 4-5 patients?
a. 1.0 g/kg/body weight
b. 0.8 g/kg/body weight
c. 0.6 g/kg/body weight
d. 0.4 g/kg/body weight
5. How can low-protein diets benefit CKD patients?
a. Increase glomerular pressure
b. Improve bone deterioration
c. Reduce nitrogenous waste
d. Exacerbate renal workload
6. Which factor does NOT contribute to high blood pressure (Hypertension) according to the provided text?
a. Genetics
b. Smoking
c. Lack of sleep
d. Too much salt intake
7. What is a recommended dietary intake limit for sodium to help manage high blood pressure?
a. 1500 mg/day
b. 2500 mg/day
c. 3500 mg/day
d. 4500 mg/day
8. Which of the following is a potential complication of uncontrolled high blood pressure?
a. Osteoporosis
b. Dementia
c. Anemia
d. Diabetes
9. How does the DASH diet aim to lower high blood pressure?
a. By increasing sodium intake
b. By reducing magnesium intake
c. By cutting back on fats
d. By lowering sodium intake
10. What is the role of potassium intake in managing hypertension?
a. It increases blood pressure
b. It lowers blood pressure
c. It has no impact on blood pressure
d. It induces hyperkalemia
11. What can a sedentary lifestyle lead to, according to the text?
a. Reduced CHD risk
b. Decreased LDL levels
c. Elevated blood pressure
d. Improved blood vessel function
12. How can eating fish help reduce the risk of Coronary Heart Disease (CHD)?
a. By increasing inflammation
b. By raising cholesterol levels
c. By lowering blood pressure
d. By improving endothelial function
13. What effect does a low-fat diet have on LDL levels according to the text?
a. Increases LDL levels
b. Reduces LDL levels
c. Has no impact on LDL
d. Raises HDL levels
14. What is the recommended fat intake percentage according to the provided nutrition guidance?
a. 5-10%
b. 10-20%
c. 20-25%
d. 25-30%
15. In the dietary recommendations for CHD patients, what is the suggested dietary cholesterol limit?
a. < 200 mg/day
b. < 300 mg/day
c. < 400 mg/day
d. < 500 mg/day
16. How can soluble fibers help in managing CHD risk factors?
a. Increase LDL levels
b. Lower LDL levels
c. Raise blood pressure
d. Reduce HDL levels
17. What is the significance of folic acid, vitamin B12, and vitamin B6 in CHD prevention?
a. They increase heart rate
b. They promote fat buildup
c. They decrease homocysteine levels
d. They elevate blood pressure
18. Which lifestyle factor is recognized as one of the top risk factors for CHD?
a. Moderate alcohol consumption
b. Regular physical activity
c. Smoking cessation
d. Sedentary lifestyle
19. What is the impact of alcohol intake on blood pressure according to the provided text?
a. Decreases blood pressure
b. Increases blood pressure
c. No impact on blood pressure
d. Reduces cholesterol levels
20. What is the primary cause of plaque buildup in arteries leading to Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)?
a. High potassium levels
b. High sodium intake
c. Elevated cholesterol
d. Low blood pressure

Questions on Anemia , eating disorders , rest of the lecture

1. What is a common symptom of anorexia nervosa?
a. Regular periods
b. Excessive exercise
c. Overeating
d. High BMI
2. How do individuals with bulimia nervosa typically try to get rid of extra calories?
a. Eating more vegetables
b. Vomiting
c. Drinking more water
d. Going for a walk
3. Which treatment component is essential for individuals with eating disorders?
a. Surgery
b. Nutritional therapy
c. Herbal remedies
d. Acupuncture
4. What is a key factor in the nutritional assessment of eating disorders?
a. Height measurement
b. Weightlifting history
c. Diet history
d. Past medication use
5. What is the recommended weekly weight gain for patients with eating disorders?
a. 2-4 kg
b. 0.5-1 kg
c. 5-7 kg
d. 10-12 kg
6. In anemia, what is the condition where there's an insufficient number of healthy red blood cells?
a. Hypertension
b. Hyperglycemia
c. Anorexia
d. Ferropenia
7. Which symptom is characteristic of anemia?
a. Hyperactivity
b. Pale skin
c. Increased appetite
d. High blood pressure
8. What are common sources of haem iron?
a. Dark green leafy vegetables
b. Lean red meat
c. Whole grains
d. Legumes
9. Iron absorption is enhanced by which key dietary factor?
a. Coffee
b. Oxalates in vegetables
c. Tea
d. Vitamin C
10. What is the primary risk factor for developing gall bladder stones?
a. Low dietary fat intake
b. Rapid weight loss
c. Regular exercise
d. Adequate water intake
11. Which nutrient is inversely related to the risk of gall stones?
a. Calcium
b. Vitamin C
c. Iron
d. Zinc
12. What is a key dietary recommendation for chronic liver disease patients?
a. High protein and sodium intake
b. Low fat diet
c. Sugar-rich diet
d. Minimal fiber intake
13. How is protein intake advised for patients with cirrhosis?
a. Unlimited intake
b. Limit to 0.8-1 gram/kg/day
c. Increase by 10% weekly
d. Avoid entirely
14. What is the primary requirement for healthy elder adults in terms of protein intake?
a. 0.5 gram/kg
b. 2 grams/kg
c. 0.8-1 gram/kg
d. No protein needed
15. What is the estimated energy needs range for individuals aged 60 and over?
a. 1000-1500 kcal for men and women
b. 1800-2200 kcal for men and women
c. 2000-2600 kcal for men and 1600-2000 kcal for women
d. 3000-3500 kcal for men and women
16. What is a key recommendation for elderly nutrition regarding water intake?
a. 500 ml per day
b. 1 ml water / 2 kcal
c. 1 ml water / kcal
d. 2 liters per day
17. Which macronutrient should provide 20-35% of total calories in elderly diets?
a. Protein
b. Carbohydrates
c. Fats
d. Vitamins
18. Which nutrient may help improve immune function in the elderly?
a. Protein
b. Vitamin C
c. Iron
d. Magnesium
19. What is the primary advice for elderly nutrition regarding caffeine consumption?
a. Unlimited intake
b. Limit to 100 milligrams per day
c. Limit to 400 milligrams
d. Avoid entirely
20. In post-surgical removal of the gall bladder, what diet is generally recommended?
a. High-fat diet
b. Low-fiber diet
c. Regular diet as tolerated
d. Juice cleanse