Sinatra

https://sinatrarb.com
 Sinatra
Sinatra is a *DSL for quickly creating web applications
in Ruby with minimal e ort

# myapp.rb
require 'sinatra'

get '/' do
'Hello world!'
end

It’s a Rack-based application framework

Rack is a Ruby web server interface

* A domain-speci c language (DSL) is a computer language specialized to a particular application domain.

fi
ff
 Routes

A route is an HTTP method paired with a UReL-matching pattern. Each route is

associated with a block
Routes are matched in the order they are de ned. The rst route that matches the
request is invoked.

get '/' do
.. show something ..
end

post '/' do options '/' do

.. create something .. .. appease something ..
end end

put '/' do link '/' do

.. replace something .. .. affiliate something ..
end end

patch '/' do unlink '/' do

.. modify something .. .. separate something ..
end end

delete '/' do
.. annihilate something ..
end
fi
fi
 Routes - Query parameters

# matches "GET /posts?title=foo&author=bar"

get '/posts' do
# matches "GET /posts?title=foo&author=bar"

title = params['title']
author = params['author']
# uses title and author variables; query is optional to the /posts route
end

get '/posts' do
title = params['title']
author = params['author']
# uses title and author variables; query is optional to the /posts route
end
Routes - named parameters (path params)

get '/users/:name' do
# matches "GET /users/foo" and "GET /users/bar"
# params['name'] is 'foo' or 'bar'
"Hello #{params['name']}!"
end

get '/users/:name' do |n|

# matches "GET /hello/foo" and "GET /hello/bar"
# params['name'] is 'foo' or 'bar'
# n stores params['name']
"Hello #{n}!"
end
 Routes - examples

get '/hola-mundo' do
… show something … GET http://localhost:9292/hola-mundo
end

get ‘/users’ do
GET http://localhost:9292/users … show all users …
end

get ‘/users’ do
… params[:sort] … GET http://localhost:9292/users?sort=firstName
end

get ‘/user/:id’ do
… show user with id :id …
GET http://localhost:9292/user/5 params[:id]
end
 Routes - examples (POST)

post '/users' do
… show user with id :id …
JSON.parse(request.body.read)
end

HTTP Request

POST http://localhost:9292/users
{ "firstName": 'test' }

curl -X POST -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \

http://localhost:4567/users --data '{"firstName": "test"}'
 Request

request.accept # ['text/html', '*/*']

request.accept? 'text/xml' # true
request.preferred_type(t) # 'text/html'
request.body # request body sent by the client (see below)
request.scheme # "http"
request.script_name # "/example"
request.path_info # "/foo"
request.port # 80
request.request_method # "GET"
request.query_string # ""
request.content_length # length of request.body
request.media_type # media type of request.body
request.host # "example.com"
request.get? # true (similar methods for other verbs)
request.form_data? # false
request["some_param"] # value of some_param parameter. [] is a shortcut to the params hash.
request.referrer # the referrer of the client or '/'
request.user_agent # user agent (used by :agent condition)
request.cookies # hash of browser cookies
request.xhr? # is this an ajax request?
request.url # "http://example.com/example/foo"
request.path # "/example/foo"
request.ip # client IP address
request.secure? # false (would be true over ssl)
request.forwarded? # true (if running behind a reverse proxy)
request.env # raw env hash handed in by Rack

https://sinatrarb.com/intro#Accessing%20the%20Request%20Object
 Responses

Most commonly, this is a string. But other values are also accepted.

You can return any object that would either be a valid Rack response, Rack body object or HTTP status code:

[status (Fixnum), headers (Hash), response body (responds to #each)]

halt 402, {'Content-Type' => 'text/plain'}, 'revenge'

 Views

get '/' do
'hola'
end

get '/' do
"<form action="/login" method="post">
<label for="uname"><b>Username</b></label>
<input type="text" placeholder="Enter Username" name="uname" required>

<label for="psw"><b>Password</b></label>
<input type="password" placeholder="Enter Password" name="psw" required>

<button type="submit">Login</button>
</form>"
end
 Templates
get '/' do
erb :index
end

renders views/index.erb.

<form action="/login" method="post">

<label for="uname"><b>Username</b></label>
<input type="text" placeholder="Enter Username" name="uname" required>

<label for="psw"><b>Password</b></label>
<input type="password" placeholder="Enter Password" name="psw" required>

<button type="submit">Login</button>
</form>

http://www.kuwata-lab.com/erubis/users-guide.html
 Templates
get '/' do
@user = current_user
erb :landing
end

# views/landing.erb.

<% if @user.present? %>

Hola <%= @user.username %>
<% else %>
<a href=“/login”> Ir a ingresar </a>
<% end %>
 References

• Ruby https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/

• Sinatra http://sinatrarb.com/

• ERB http://www.kuwata-lab.com/erubis/users-guide.html