PRESENTED BY

[Link]

PROFESSOR

ICON

TEST OF INTELLIGENCE,APTITUDE,INTEREST,AND PERSONALITY

STANDARDIZED TEST:

Standardized test have certain of testing to meet the particular objectives .it is known as

standardized test.

DEFINITION:

It is defined as systemic procedure to find out the answer to the same question with uniformity

direction ,time limit &performance should observed one to one &compare the result it is known

as standardized test.

MEANINGS OF INTELLIGENCE:

Intelligence is a capacity of excellence individual in the various area .intelligence is creativity.

APTITUDE:

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Aptitude means ability or a particular skill or a potential.

INTEREST:

To engage the attention of ;to awaken interest in ;to excite emotion or passion in ,in behalf of a

person or thing; as, the subject did not interest him; to interest one in charitable work.

PERSONALITY:

Personality is the total quality of an individual „s behaviour as it is shown in his habits of

thinking ,in his attitude ,interests, his manner of acting & his personal philosophy of life.

PURPOSES OF STANDARDIZED TEST:

1. It is based on the objective in this test can assist common achievement of individual

performance like personality, interest ,intelligence ,aptitude etc.

2. It is developed by professional experts & it provides reliability&validity.

3. It is based on individual capacity.

CHARACTERISTIC OF STANDARDIZED TEST:

1. It should be fixed.

2. It is specific direction of administering &scoring of test.

3. It consist of standard content &procedure.

4. It provides standardized frame of reference determining individual performance.

TYPES OF STANDARDIZED TEST:

There are 5 types of standardized with which teaches or familiar.

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  Achievement test.

 Intelligence test.

 Personality test.

 Aptitude test.

 Prognostic test.

STANDARDIZED TEST CONSTRUCTION:

 It is constructed by professional or expert on.

 It based on objective &content.

 Selection of item will be done very carefully &validity & reliability should be fulfilled.

 Procedure of administration should be standardized.

 Test should be clear direction.

 Provided scoring key.

STANDARDIZED TEST :It deals with quality measurement with validated question –

standardized tools are;

 Test of intelligence.

 Aptitude.

 Personality.

 Interest.

 Achievement.

 Socio-economic status scale test for special mental &physical abilities.

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  Test for scoring .

 Item analysis.

[Link] OF INTELLIGENCE:

DEFINITION OF INTELLIGENCE:

It is a capacity of excellence individual in the various areas. according to terman,intelligence is

the ability to think.

According to Thorndike ; intelligence is the ability to give responses that are true.

HISTORY OF INTELLIGENCE TEST:

The abbreviation „,IQ‟, comes from the term intelligence quotient, first coined by the GERMEN

PSYCHOLOGIST WILLIAM STERN in the early 1900s [from the German intelligence –

quotient] this term was later used in 1905 by ALFRED BINET& THEODORESIMON, who

published the first modern intelligence . because it was easy to administer ,the BINET SIMON

scale was adopted for use in many other countries.

LEWIS TERMAN created and published the first IQ test in the united states ,the binet IQ test.

He proposed that an individuals intelligence level measured as a quotient of their estimated

mental age divided by their chronological age. The original formula for quotient is

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 MENTAL AGE x 100

CHRONOLOGICAL AGE

In 1939 ,David WECHSLER published the first intelligence test for explicitly for an adult

population known as the Wechsler adult intelligence test. Or WAIS .

After the WAIS was published ,Wechsler extended his scale for younger people ,creating the

Wechsler scale FOR children OR WISC .this Wechsler contained separate sub scores for verbal

IQ & performance IQ.

ORIGIN OF INTELLIGENCE:

Intelligence testing ,according to originated around 1904 in France when the French government

wanted to know if there was a way to test for the difference between normal children & inferior

children.

This idea was to place inferior children in special schools where they could receive special

attention .

Enter psychologist Alfred Binet who developed the Binet scale, also known as the Simon –Binet

Scale that offered a radical new approach to assessing mental ability.

It was specifically designed to weed out those needing special attention & was ‟not designed to

rank children in any ways .

Binet also noted that the scale did not permit the measurement of intelligence. He feared that iq

measurement would forever condemn a child to a permanent condition of stupidity thereby

negatively affecting his or her future. Binet‟s scale also had a profound effect on the education

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and intelligence testing of children in the us. Those who gave intelligence tests based on this

scale, however, didn‟t yield to Binet‟s caveats and often misused the test, using it to rank

children‟s intelligence. H. G. Goddard, director of research at Vineland training school in new

jersey, advocated a more general use for the intelligence scale and believed that intelligence was

a solid, fixed entity that could easily be measured. In 1916, Lewis m. Terman, who also believed

that intelligence was fixed and of hereditary origin, published the revised Stanford-binet

intelligence test we‟ve come to know today as the most popular intelligence test used in the us.

Through Goddard‟s and Terman‟s work, the idea that intelligence tests are accurate, scientific,

and valuable tools for bringing efficiency to the schools and has resulted in assigning the IQ

score an almost exalted position as a definitive quality of an individual.

TYPES OF INTELLIGENCE :

 Mechanical intelligence.

 Social intelligence.

 Abstract [or general]intelligence.

Mechanical intelligence:

It is the skill to‟‟ manipulate tools &gadgets‟ & in managing the working of machines.

Social intelligence:

It means the understanding of people & the ability to act wisely in human relationship.

Abstract intelligence:

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It is ability to handle words, numbers formulae& scientific principles. a person with abstract

intelligence is able to discover relations among symbols to solve problems.

TEST OF INTELLIGENCE:

FRENCH PSYCOLOGIST,ALFRED BINET‟,the father of intelligence test construction

movement.

 Based on number of individuals to be tested;

1 .individuals test-one individuals are tested at a time.

2 .Group Tests-Group Of Individuals Are Tested At A Time.

 Based on the form of test;

[Link] tests-uses languages, or paper &pencil.

[Link]- verbal tests-for examples performance test.

TYPES OF INTELLIGENCE:

 INDIVIDUAL INTELLIGENCE TEST.

 GROUP INTELLIGENCE TEST.

Individual intelligence test - this test can be administrated to only one individual at a time .it can

be verbal method ,non verbal method & performance.

TYPES OFINDIVIDUAL INTELLIGENCE TEST:

 VERBAL METHOD.

 NON –VERBAL METHOD.

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  PERFORMANCE TEST.

[Link] METHOD: in this method language ability is essential. The individual can answer

through to verbal way such as reasoning memory & numerical abilities .verbal test cannot be

administrated to dump ,young condition ,or those who doesn‟t understand your

language[foreigners].

[Link] –VERBAL METHOD: non verbal method are deals with diagram& picture. This test

free from language barriers & do not require reading skill .non verbal test can administrate

illiterate ,literate foreign & natives.

[Link] TEST: It is one of the non verbal test but is asses the subject[person] has

to do something to rather than to some .e.g solve your problems ,assemble e.g a pattern of block

,assemble animal picture.

GROUP INTELLIGENCE TEST: In this method test can be administrate to a group of

individual at a time. Individual intelligence test was born in france but group intelligence in

America. Group intelligence test started during first war for selecting shoulder in large number.

GROUP INTELLIGENCE TYPES:

 Verbal .

 Non- verbal.

It type of test is not applicable in group [performance test is no applicable in group ].for

literate –group intelligence test is called alpha army test. for illiterate –group intelligence

test is called beta army test.

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INTELLIGENCE TEST BASED ON SCIENTIST:

 Wechsler test

-Wechsler adult intelligence test scale [wise]

-Wechsler intelligence test scale for children [wisc]

 The Stanford binet intelligence test scale

 Ravens progressive matrix

 Vineland social maturity scale

[Link] test: this test described by American psychologist Wechsler .from this we can assist

the individuals intelligence scale for all age group .WAIS-used for people between ages of 16-

75,WLSC-used for children at age group between 5-16 years.

Test details: each test consist of verbal scale & performance scale ,verbal scale.

Individual verbal tests: usage of language &administered to an individual at a time 30 items

were prepared graded for different age levels on a scale the tasks to be performed by the test

varies from simple manipulation. The different types of scales used for adult & children

differently .it is an individual test used as verbal scale [6 sets]& performance scale[5 sub set]

simultaneously .

Wechsler assist the intelligence through the verbal scale ,involving used of word ,concept &

numbers. It consists of six subsets.

 Tests of general information.

 Test of general comprehension.

 Test of arithmetic reasoning.

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  Test of digit span.

 Test of distinction between similarity.

 Test of vocabulary.

Information: in this test ask general knowledge & asses the individual Information status

particular objects.

Comprehension: are deals with more abstract questions e.g. nature of necessity of laws.

Arithmetic: it is deals with the problem solving method &measure by scoring e.g.986-8.

Digit stand : the subject is required to repeat for backward series of numbers e.g.6,4,3,9

increasing member by backward to forward.

Similarities: the subject is asked to identify paris similar.

vocabulary : the meaning of the words has to be given.

PERFORMANCE INTELLIGENCE TEST: performance [scale] test have 5 sub tests i.e,

 Picture arrangement tests.

 Picture completion tests.

 Object assembly test .

 Block design test.

 Digit symbol test.

IQ= MA [MENTAL AGE ] X 100

CA [CHRONOLOGICAL AGE]

Picture arrangement : the subject is given mixed up sets of picture to that tell sensible strong.

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Picture completion: the subject should find out the missing picture.

Objective assembly: in that are subject assemble the objects to the complete one. generally many small

ports or block given to the individual they will arrange complete object.

Block design: block is a colored blocks to produced picture according to given pattern.

Digit symbol: it is arithmetic procedure to find out the answer of digit valve here provide correction in

right side box.

ADVANTAGES:

 This test available in any language.

 It is an easy method of applying for all the age group.

 It can administer in shorter form.

 It is easy to identify prognosis of disease condition.

 It is detect diagnosis or assist in finding out diagnosis.

 It is useful special abilities & disabilities.

[Link] BINET TEST:

History:

Stanford binet:

[1965] intelligent this is a new version of binet simen test .in 1905 two French psychologist binet &

simen discover this intelligence test. after that it was modified American psychologist termon with binet

at stanford university for current use of intelligence assessment .in 1986 it is known as Stanford binet

intelligence test form .

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Stanford binet test: this test can useful for measurement of general intelligence test. it can useful for 2

year to superior adults up to 45 years .it is very effective only to 16 years. For adult this test result is not

accurate or satisfactory.

1. Verbal test- reporting digit, defining the word ,answering question ,sating similarity &

differences & naming object.

2. Performance test- drawing circle or spiral ,building wooden box ,folding paper in certain way

&pictures .this test is known as intelligence test IQ.

IQ = MA X100

CA

6 years 7years 8years 9years

1 1 1 1

2 2 2 2

3 3 3 3

4 4 4 4

5 5 5 5

6 6 6 6

Mental age consist of basal age 1mental equal to 6. In that the individual intelligence can measure through

standard questions from the individual chronological age. Based on IQ test we can divide or interpreted as

follows:

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IQ LEVEL INTERPRETATION

BELOW 20 PROFOUND MR

20-35 SEVERE MENTAL RETARDATION

35-50 MODERATE MR

50-70 MILD MR

91-110 SLOW LEANER

111-120 AVERAGE

121-140 SUPERIOR

140& ABOVE GIFTED

Nearly 95% belongs to low IQ & only 5% belongs to high .some of the examples of binet test/stanford

binet test.

 For 2 years old child - various names of body parts on the tap picture.

 For 3 years old- copy of drawing circle.

 For 4 years old - explain correctly why we have houses or books .

 For 5 years old- define words like ball or stove ,copy a drawing different type of square .

 For 9 years old - can rhymes.

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Adult can describe differences of meaning of abstracts words.

[Link] PROGRESSIVE MATRIX

This testis given by JC raven‟s british psychologist .

It is based on ability to identify spatial relationship with objects.

This test is used for 6-65 years.

This test can assist through the matrix for children color box for adult black & white color .

From the matrix find out missing piece or ordinary pattern to find out 6-8 often on the same page .

For this test there is no time limitation but normally consider for 20 min.

ADVANTAGES:

 it can administrate many people at time.

 It can be given to the people with multiple handicaps.

[Link] SOCIAL MATURITY TEST:

This scale is devised by doll &his associates at veneland school in america.

It naturally assesses ones maturity status in a particular situation.

But it is not primarily an intelligence test. This test differ from other test because it is not directly

assessing the object but through the care giver like parents, neighbours ,nurses etc,.

It must be remember that parents naturally based in children in their child &many over estimated .

This score recorded in form of SA [SOCIAL AGE] or SQ[SOCIAL QUOTIENT].

USES:

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  To assess the individual social behavior skill & relationship.

 To assess the social maturity behavior .

 It is applicable in medical field.

MEASURING GENERAL LEARNING ABILITY: ‘’ ability to catch or understand instruction &

underlying principles ,the ability to reason & make judgements closely doing well in school.‟‟.

Test 1 : lesson full range intelligence test.

PURPOSES:

Screen intelligence strengths & weakness with a brief instruments.

[Link] 252 test items divided into verbal index performance index.

[Link] 20-35 minute.

[Link]- rapid cognitive index [181-252 qns] ,norm ,group, res. yielded: full rangeIQ.

Types of score –raw score ,std .score, percentile rank ,stains

Reliability 0.96 to 0.98

Age 5- 21 years used in school ,basic & different settings strength easily scores ,quid test & weakness –

used as a screener not as final eligibility.

TEST 2: stanford binet 5th education [2003],

 General mental ability.

 45-60 minutes.

 Comprehensive measurement.

 Helps identify –learning disabilities, gifted ,[Link], speech & language delayed, Alzheimer,

dementia ,traumatic brain injury, autistic.

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 2. APTITUDE TEST

 An aptitude is a component of a competency to do a certain kind of work at a certain kind of

work at a certain level ,which can also be considered „‟talent‟‟.

 Aptitude may be physical or mental. Aptitude is not knowledge, understanding, learned or

acquired abilities [skill] or attitude .the innate nature of aptitude is in contrast to achievement

,which represents knowledge or ability that is gained.

MEANING: while intelligence is a measure of general ability& aptitude is a special ability.

APTITUDE TESTING:

 Measure or assess the degree or level of one‟s special bent or flair.

 Aptitude test are used as diagnostic or identifying tools.

 A person who has aptitude for a particular skill needs only a minimum training for development.

 Aptitude test that are used to help to predict success in some particular course of study are called

scholastic aptitude test[SAT].

 The differential aptitude test [DAT] developed by George [Link] ,haroid g. seashor &

Alexander measure verbal reasoning ,special relationships ,mechanical reasoning & clerical

ability.

Aptitude &

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 Ability test- verbal reasoning.

- Numerical reasoning.

- Abstract reasoning.

- Spatial reasoning.

- Mechanical reasoning.

- Data checking.

UNITY OF APTITUDE TESTS:

 Back bone of the guidance service.

 For educational & vocational selection.

 Properly anticipate the future pontentialities or capacities of individuals.

 Purposeful guidance & counseling programme or entrance examination to specialized jobs.

 It combined with the other information received through interest inventory ,personality test,&

cumulative record etc.

SIGNIFICANCE OFAPTITUDE TEST:

 Aptitude tests are used for a variety of purposes & are administered by assorted sources.

 Teachers use these test to measure student‟s performances ,school may use them to determine an

individual‟s knowledge within certain fields.

 And employers often use them to identify the candidate that‟s most capable or best suited for a

job.

 In addition, aptitude based tests are regarded as one of the most useful varieties of career tests.

PURPOSES:

 EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES:

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 Aptitude tests are intended for educational use include the scholastic assessment test [SAT] ,the

American college testing exam [ACT] & the differential aptitude test [DAT] ,which assess one‟s

particular skills & overall academic competency .the differential aptitude test is also one of the

most commonly used tests for personnel &career assessment .

 OCCUPATIONAL PURPOSES:

Many aptitude tests are created to check an individual‟s specific skills that are relevant to the job

at hand. For staffing & assessment purposes ,employers utilize test like the personality

&preference inventory [PAPI] rust alpha, situational judgement test ,GTIOS psychometric test,

PSL & Watson glaser critical thinking test .

USES OF APTITUDE TESTS:

 Aptitude test have been observed to be a highly accurate tool for selection of the right candidate

as compared to the interview group discussion ,written tests &so on.

 based on assumption ,today an increasing number of organizations now increasingly used as tool

in recruitment process.

 The aptitude tests thus are specially designed tests to measure the ability to acquire /apply skills

& or knowledge to a specific type of job.

 These skills are usally identified when the vacancy is announced & test is then engineered to

identify the based fit candidate independent of formal basic knowledge.

WIDE VARIETY OF APTITUDE TESTS SUCH AS:

1. VERBAL; this type of testing measures critical verbal reasoning , which may be important is

sales/marketing when verbosity can motivate a consumer to accept a scale ,or change a form a brand to

another.

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2. NUMERICAL; significant is banking ,insurance & related fields where numbers & reasoning with

members make the core of business.

[Link]; This test measure the ability of the candidate to notice mistakes. The whole purpose of a

clerk is to keep things smooth & accurate –hence the tests are designed to measure speed & accuracy as

well as the eye for it identifying mistakes .

[Link] ;this test is for people where coordination of color ,sound & visual accuracy is important

such as textiles, interior decoration ,automobile industry , etc.

[Link] ABILITY; these type of test are generally for those who choose a career in space such as

astronauts‟ or related careers.

[Link] ABILITY; These test are design to guage now austute & fast the candidate can

interpret & solve the problems related to mechanical faults; engineers are usually game for the

mechanical ability test.

[Link] DEXTERITY; this implies testing of logical reasoning using pictures & diagrams

intent of test or numbers.

TYPES OF APTITUDE:

[Link] [SAT] : in specific field or activities.

[Link] [GAT] : divided to subtypes.

 Mechanical test .

 Musical aptitude test.

 Art judgement test.

 Professional aptitude .test :teaching clerical, med,law,research etc.

 Scholastic aptitude tests in difficult courses of instruction.

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 MECHANICAL TEST:

Combined motor & sensory capacity testing &perception of spatial ,cap to acquire information &

capacity to comprehend mechanical relationship.

TESTS:1. Minnesota mechanical assembly test.

2. Minnesota special relation test.

[Link] test for MAT-60 pictorial forms .

4. A battery to mechanical aptitude test.

5. SRA mechanical aptitude.

ITEMS:

Asking the subject to put together the parts of mechanical devices.

Asking him to replace cut- outs of various shapes in corresponding spaces on aboard.

Solving geometrical problems.

Questions concerning the basic information about tools & their uses.

Physical & mechanical aptitude.

MUSICAL ;

To discover musical talent.

Discrimination pitch, intensity of loudness ,time interval ,rhythm ,tone memory.

APTITUDE FOR GRAPHIC ART:

[Link] discover talent for graphic art .n

2. 2 nature.

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Scholastic ; for selection of students e , g; am.

DAT TEST[ differential aptitude test]:

Purpose : to measure the differential aptitudes of the subject using the different aptitude test battery

DAT.

TOOL: The seven subsets of the DAT battery are administered one after the other & performance of

the subject are recorded.

MATERIALS:

Differential aptitude tests battery booklet.

Answer sheets.

Key & norms.

Stop clock.

Writing materials.

PROCEDURE

SUBTEST I VERBAL REASONING:

The subject is to read the instruction & examples given in the verbal reasoning test booklet.

He is allowed 30 minutes to complete the 50 sentence as per instruction . the subject has to give his

answer in the answer sheets.

SUBTEST II NUMERICAL ABILITY:

Here the subject is allotted 30 minutes to answer the 40 arithmetic problems.

SUBTEST III ABSTRACT ABILITY:

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The subtest has 50 problems figures. The subject is allowed 25 minutes to find out missing figures of

series from the alternatives.

SUBTEST IV:

Space relations: the subject is given 30 minutes to answer the 40 problems.

SUBTEST V:

Mechanical reasoning : to answer the 68 questions the subject is given 30 minutes.

SUBTEST VI:

Clerical speed & accuracy: it has 2 parts .100 units of numbers ,letters& numbers letter combinations in

part I as well as part is allowed 30 minutes time.

SUBTEST VII:[A]language usage [part I: SPELLING]:

To find identify the correctness or incorrectness of spelling to minutes are allowed.

SUBTEST VII [B]language usage [part II- SENTENCE]: To find out the errors in 50 sentences the

subject is given 25 minutes.

After all the subtests are administered ,the answers are checked with the help of the key & the scores

determined.

RESULT:

The raw score of each of the subtest are converted into percentiles.

3 INTEREST TEST

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Interest test or interest inventories measure a person‟s preferences & motivation ,including what types of

activities a person enjoys ,the product he or she are most likely to purchase ,& motivational factors such

as things that make an individual feel happy versus neutral .

Interest tests are also known interest inventories .

In them, a person indicates his or her preferences among large groups of activities ,ideas and

circumstances .

One of these tests might ask ,‟‟would you rather fix a broken clock, keep a set of accounts ,or paint a

picture ?‟‟most individuals prefer certain types of activities over others.

The pattern of answer reveals the strength of a person‟s interest in various field.

INTEREST ASSESSMENT:

 The strong interest inventory [SII] is an interest inventories used in career assessment .

 The goals of this assessment is to give insight into a person‟s interest,

 So that they may have less difficult in deciding on an appropriate career choice for themselves.

 It is also frequently used for educational guidance as one of the most popular career assessment

tools.

 The test was developed in 1927 by psychologist E.K strong ,JR. to help people exiting the

military find suitable jobs .

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  It was revised later by JO-IDA Hansen ,& David Campbell .

 The modern version is based on the typology [HOLLAND CODES] of psychologist john

[Link].

 The newly revised inventory consists of 291 items, each of which asks you to indicate your

preference from five responses .

 It is an assessment of interests,& not to be confused with personality assessments or aptitude test.

 The test can typically be taken in 25 minutes after which after which the result must be scored by

computer .

 After scoring, an individual can then view how their personal interests compare with the interests

of people in a specific career field.

 Access to the comparison data base& interpretation of the results usually incurs a fee.

 Strong interest inventory is a registered trademark of CPP, [Link] mountain California.

THE RESULTS INCLUDE:

 Scores on the level of interest on each of the six Holland codes or general occupational themes .

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  Scores on 30 basic interest scale [e.g art ,science ,& public speaking].

 Scores on 244 occupational scales which indicates the similarity between the respondent‟s

interests & those of people working in each of the 122 occupation.

 Scores on 5 personal style scales [learning ,working, leadership ,risk-taking & team orientation ].

 Scores on 3 administrative scales used to identify test errors or unusual profiles.

OCCUPATIONAL INTERESTS:

 Campbell interest & skill survey : the CISS is a survey of self –reported interest & skills.

 It can help you understand how your interests & skills match those in the world of work.

 Strong interest inventory : The SII can help you to explore occupation options by identi fying

patterns of like and dislikes, and by showing how these patterns compare with those of people in

a wide range of occupation.

 Self-directed Search: The SDS is a self-administered and self-scored inventory that helps you

determines some careers/occupation you might be suited for based on your interest, abilities and

experience.

[Link] TEST

The term personality is derived from the word persona or the mask which the roman and greek actors

used to wear in ancient time to indicate to the audience.

Personality is the total quality of an individual‟s behaviour as it is shown in his habits of thinking, in

his attitude, interest, and his manner of acting and his personal philosophies of life.

BASIC FACTORS FOR ANALYSING THE PERSONALITY:

 The internal aspects of the individuals: the basic drives, the physiological

systems, glands and inherently physical features.

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  The social and material stimuli to the individual: these modifies and direct

individual impulses & needs .it includes the influence of the family and other

groups.

 The reaction or behaviour or conduct which result from the interaction of the

individual and the stimuli.

DEFINITION:

The aggregate of the physical and mental quality of an individual‟s which will interact

and function in characteristic fashion with the environment.

- TAYLOR 1982.

Personality means once inner or outer circumstance suitable with his environment.

Personality=Inner + outer circumstance

Environment

-DUNN

Personality is the “MASK” i.e. provides external circumstance for the individuals

character. “Persona”-mask but personality is known as individual behaviour pattern with his /her

environment.

PERSONALITY ASSESSMENT: 5 METHODS

1. Where one can see how one individual behave in actual life situation.

 Observation technique

 Situation technique: any assignment

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[Link] one can find out what an individual says about him.

 Subject- autobiography

 [Link]/personality inventory

 Interview

[Link] by which one can find out what others say about the individual whose personality is under

assessment .

Objectives :

 Case history.

 Biography.

 Rating scale.

 Sociometry.

[Link] by with one can find how an individual reacts to an imaginative situation involving font any

e.g projective.

[Link] by which one can determine same personality variables in terms of physiological responses

by measuring instruments e.g lie detector.

OBSERVATION METHOD:

Interview [a] structured

[b] unstructured.

 It is most popular method.

 Appearance ,bearing, speech can be noticed.

 To evaluate for employment &for education as well as for identifying personality traits.

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  Body language to be observed i.e. posture ,movement, of hands ,facial express.

QUESTIONNAIRE:

 Written method of merge personality.

 Very easily checked & scored.

Goode & hatt developed questionnaire ,related to personality which consists of series of items by using

A form which the respondent responses by himself .

These responses will be taken into consideration for personality assessment .

It is useful for assessing both qualitative & quantitative information.

PERSONALITY INVENTORIES:

Minnesota multiple personality inventory[MMPI]

 MMPI: Minnesota multiphase personality.

 Inventory [MMPI,MMPI,MMPI-A]

 MMPI : original MMPI 1993

 MMPI2: 2nd i.e .first revolution in 1989.

 MMPI A: adolescent from.

PURPOSES-TO DISTINGUISH ‘’NORMAL ‘’FROM „’ABNORMAL’’:

Test ask for answer. T or F or cannot say about different personality taints like attitudes environment

reaction ,physiological symptoms & past experience.

Dr. murthy HN of NIMHNAS: reduced into 100 items called multiphase questionnaire.

Counseling & research used for selection for employment or promotion .

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They cover health ,psychosomatic symptoms ,behaviour, disorder motor disturbances ,sexual religious

political & social attitude & marital affairs.

MMPI SCORE: 9 CLINICAL AREAS NAMEDON PSYCHIATRIC :

 Hypochodriasis.

 Depression.

 Psychosthenis.

 Hypomania .

 Schizophrenia.

 Individual social.

 Social work skill.

 Psychosomatic disorder.

MMPI: BUTCHER 1989:

 82 rewritten +154 new times -704.

 566 items selected.

PROJECTIVE TECHNIQUE:

 What is inside a person rather than what can be seen in a person‟s behaviour.

 To find out more about a person‟s feelings ,unconscious desire & inner thoughts.

 Rorschach inkblot test was the first projective test & is still widely used.

RORSCHACH INK BLOT TEST:

Swiss psychologist –herman Rorschach[1920].

 Test uses ten different kinds of ink blots which must be described by the person taking the test.

 It consists of 10 STANDARDIZED INKBLOTS.

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  10 different kinds of ink blot which must be described by the person taking the test.

 Consists of 10 different standardized ink blot.

 It vary in color ,shading, from& complexity.

 Those test make use of peoples tendencies to makes up stories .

e.g people see butter flees, dancing girls etc,

RBIT : Response & differ from person to person based on individuals personal experience.

INFORMATION;

 Degree of intelligence control of subject on his action.

 Emotional aspect.

 Mental approaches to given problems.

 Creative & imaginative capacities.

 Security& anxiety.

 Personality growth & development.

 Phobia ,sex disturbances & sever psychological disorder can be detected which severe as a guide

for treatment program.

THEMATIC APPERCEPTION TEST [TAT]:

IN 1938 ,HENRY A MURRAY was first used „projection „in relation to personality assessment technique

Through projective technique ,the convert or unconscious behaviour [e.g the repressed feelings ,desires

,hopes, ambitions ,fear ,etc..] of an individual will be studied.

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These techniques tires to assess the total personality of an individual not fragment wise . in these

techniques unstructured stimuli are provided to the subject & he is asked to structure them in any way he

likes ,he unconsciously project his own views, with that a clue has been provided to estimate a total

personality.

Perceiving certain picture in a thematic manner. Murray and Morgan developed this test it explore the

underling hidden drives, complexes and conflicts of the personality. It suites for adolescent and adult

20 sketches depicting various senses and life situations.

TAT consist of three set of pictures , one set is used with both man and woman and a second set

only for men and third one for woman .

Projective test still used in clinic psychology.

Patients respond to cared with ambiguous drawings by telling a story and describing needs of

characteristics item.

Patients project their own needs to the cared.

Believed that he would project his own experience, bio graphical data, major conflict, interest and

problem into his description of pictures.

During testing a person is shown each sketch asked to make story about people repeated several

times and asked to collaborators.

Focus on how people feel, how they interact what events led up to the incidence depicted in the

sketch & how story will end.

Psychological count no. of time the central figure in a TAT story is angry, over looked, jealous

and threatened.

AREA OF TAT

 Family relationship

 Motivation

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  Inner fanatics

 Level of aspiration

 Social relation ship

 Feeling of sex :urge

USES

 Extensively used

 Limited empirical

 Poor reliability when scored

 Used primarily for the narratives these that patient describe.

PERSONALITY TEST(SENTENCE COMPLITION TEST)

It is a simple test to assess the subject regarding inner concept of objector environment.

Subject complete the sentence own desire words. E.g: I like-, what problem with me? My mother always?

ADVANTAGES:

1. Can apply in literate

2. Identify that wishes, desire and inner concepts

3. Able to express that own words

Draw test: one of the art of test no limitation for the subject express their ideas. It is like painting,

drawing, and unpsychotrama. It is basic test of identify the individual creativeness e.g Tell to the person

draw a woman, house or tree..Etc.. From the picture can identify the size of the picture quality, color, own

their emotional excitement.

DRAW A PERSON: EXPRESSIVE TECHNIQUE

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 The most popular and commonly used expressive technique is draw a man technique test

developed by good enough in 1926. The basic assumption for the use of the use of this test is that drawing

of a person represent unconscious project of self image and also as a rough estimate of intelligence.

WORD ASSOCIATION TEST (WAT)

When the subject gives a quick response word, he is taken unaware of and his

unconscious process directs his association. Here the subject has to answer as quickly as possible with the

first word which comes to his mind when he is given a stimulus word.

CALIFORNIA PERSONALITY INVENTORY

This test developed by [Link] in 1975. It is consist of 480 items. In that 178 items

derived from M. It consist of social, educational, vocational and issues.

USES:

 It provides information regarding social behaviour and social problems.

 CPI consist of nearly 18 scale to assess social behaviour of the individual.

MYER’S BRIGYS PERSONALITY:

It is a new method to assess the individual personality it consists of 426 items for assess introvert theory

of extravert & introvert .

Extravert means sociable person [express& feeling].introvert means self oriented unsociable /un interest

to the other feeling .

Introvert people –self oriental activity /aloof or alone.

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These two personality can identify through the MYER”S BRIGG‟S personality test. this test only can

identify external personality ,external view with his environment or situation but 100%it is not reliable

even through this test can do for psychiatric patient or social maladaptive individuals.

Now days through the computer are telecommunication also can view to assess the personality . it is

known as:

1. Computerized questioner method .

2. Computerized interview.

3. Through the online submission method.

BIBLIOGRAPHY:

BOOK REFERENCE;

I Clement, Textbook Of Communication & Education Technology, By Emess,2ndedition,

Page;329-332.

Ann [Link] ,Basic Psychology For Nurses,1st Edition, By [Link], Page; 118-126.

Cliffordt. Morgan ,Richard A. King ,Introduction To Psychology,7th Edition ,By Tata Mc Gram

Whill ,Page ;523-541.

S.K Mangal, General Psychology ,By Sterling Publisher ,1st Edition ,Page;244-257.

Jacobanthikad ,Psychology For Graduate Nurse,3rd Edition, By Jitender [Link] ,Page; 136-137.

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 Elakkuvana Bhaskara Raj, Nima Baskar,Textbook Of nursing Education, 1st Edition ,By

Manjunaths. Hegde, Page;287-297.

JOURNAL REFERENCE:

Advancing Nursing Practice Through Social Media ,A Global Perspective ,Jean

Barry .Msn,Rn,Online 1 Issue Nursing 2012;{3},American Nurses Association.

The Global Perspective Of Nursing Students In Relation To College Peer, Eman

Allam&Mary [Link] From Global Journal Of Health Science ,Received 2014

August 15,Published Online 2014,October 28,Page:235-242.

The Origin Of Intelligence Testing ,Journal Published By The Giq Test ,Online I

Q Test , Author –By Christine Published On August 29,2007-8:52

Pm([Link] [Link]).

NET REFERENCES:

[Link].

[Link].

[Link].

[Link] [Link].

THANK YOU

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