©TVET Curriculum Development, Assessment and Certification Council Nov. /Dec.
2021
TVET CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT, ASSESSMENT AND CERTIFICATION
COUNCIL (TVET CDACC)
Qualification Code : 091206T4PTT
Qualification : Perioperative Theatre Technology Level 6
Unit Code : HE/OS/TT/CC/02/6/A
Unit of Competency : Apply Basic Hospital Procedures
WRITTEN ASSESSMENT
ASSESSOR’S GUIDE
SECTION A (40 MARKS)
These only serves as a guide to expected responses.
1. State FOUR (4) benefits of a service charter in a hospital facility. (4 Marks)
(Award 1 Mark for each correct response)
Help agencies to manage the expectations of service users.
Provide a framework for consultations with service users.
Encourage agencies to measure and assess performance.
Make agencies more transparent by telling the public about the standards
they can expect – and how agencies have performed against those standards.
Push agencies to improve performance where promised standards have not
been achieved.
Increase satisfaction of service users.
2. What are any three (3) characteristics of overhead operating light? (3 Marks)
(Award 1 Mark for each correct response)
Make an intense light, into the incision without glare on the surface.
Provide a light pattern that has a diameter and focus appropriate for the size
of the incision.
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Be shadow-less.
Produce the blue-white color of daylight.
Be freely adjustable to any position or angle with either a vertical or a
horizontal range of motion.
Produce a minimum heat to prevent injuring and drying exposed tissues.
Be easily cleaned and maintained.
3. Outline TWO ways a theatre technician will check for functionality of health facility
equipment’s and apparatus? (4 Marks)
(Award 2 Marks for correct response)
Inspect all surfaces to ensure they are visibly clean and free of stains or
tissue
Inspect each instrument for proper function and condition
Scissor blades should glide smoothly and not loose when in closed
position
Check forceps tips are well aligned
4. What is an organogram? (2 Marks)
(Award 2 Marks for correct response)
Is a graphic representation of the management chain of command.
5. Give TWO (2) elements that one should consider when giving total patient care.
(4 Marks)
(Award 2 Marks for each correct response)
Total patient care approach refers to provision of physical, psychological,
social and spiritual needs of a patient
Holistic medicine approach
6. The surgical department is structured and engineered with three objectives in mind.
Name the THREE (3) main objectives. (3 Marks)
((Award 1 Mark for each correct response)
Infection control.
Environmental safety.
Efficient use of personnel, time, space, and material resources.
7. State any FOUR (4) functions of a hospital. (4 Marks)
(Award 1 Mark for each correct response)
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Provide care to the patient.
Diagnosis and treatment of disease.
Provides medical education and training.
Prevention of disease and promotion of health
8. In your own understanding, What is laminar airflow? (2 Marks)
(Award 2 Marks for correct response)
is a high-pressure, unidirectional air-moving diffuser housed in a cluster in
a wall or ceiling enclosure with 800 to 900 air exchanges per hour.
9. Highlight any THREE (3) most common psychological fears patient experiences
preoperatively. (3 Marks)
(Award 1 Mark for each correct response)
Death
Disfigurement
Physical exposure
Loss of privacy
Loss of control
10. What is waste segregation? (3 Marks)
((Award 1 Mark for correct response)
is manual sorting of solid waste at landfills and removal of usable material.
11. Give TWO (2) main ways of identifying the physical needs of the client. (2Marks)
(Award 1 Mark for each correct response)
Health History Taking.
Physical assessment.
12. Define cultural competence. (1 Marks)
(Award 1 Mark for correct response)
is the ability to communicate and interact with people of different cultures
and beliefs.
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13. State any THREE (3) characteristics of the storage area. (3 Marks)
(Award 1 Mark for each correct response)
Storage areas should be clean and free of dust, lint, dirt, and vermin.
Sterile storage areas should have controlled traffic patterns that do not pass
by open shelving storage.
For open shelving, the highest shelf should be at least 18 inches (46 cm)
below the ceiling or sprinkler heads and 8 to 10 inches (20-25 cm) above the
floor. Shelving should be at least 2 inches away from the wall. Closed
cupboards are preferred.
14. Briefly explain any FOUR (4) spiritual needs of a sick patient. (3 Marks)
(Award 1 Mark for each correct response)
The need for meaning and purpose in our lives
The need to love and feel loved
The need to feel a sense of belonging
The need to feel hope, peace and gratitude.
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©TVET Curriculum Development, Assessment and Certification Council Nov. /Dec. 2021
SECTION B (60 MARKS)
These are suggested answers to act as guidelines.
The candidate will only answer THREE (3) questions in this section.
15. Discuss the guidelines for infection prevention for an operating theater. (20marks)
Award 2 marks for each correct answer
Storage of sterile and high-level disinfected instruments
Housekeeping, including schedules and procedures for;
Cleaning before procedures
Final cleaning at the end of the day
Patient’s skin preparation
Use of personal protective equipment (PPE)
Safety practices for handling, passing and disposing of sharp instruments
Linen management
Waste management
16. Mr. X was scheduled for his annual medical check-up in a new hospital as he had
travelled away from home.
a) Describe the client flow process in the hospital. (12 Marks)
(Award 2 marks for each correct response).
Presence of hospital signage- To guide and direct the client.
Customer care desk (Reception)- Personnel provide customer support duties,
which include interacting with customers to handle complaints, process
orders, and provide information about an organization’s products and
services, etc.
Triage- Classifying the patients into categories: minimal, immediate and
delayed treatment.
Day care- used to describe treatment procedures that require hospitalization
for less than 24-hours. These include chemotherapy, radiation, dialysis,
cataract surgery.
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Admission- It means allowing a client to stay in the hospital for observation,
investigations and treatment of disease he/she is suffering from for more than
24 hours.
Discharge of patient from the hospital- relieving a person from hospital
setting, who was admitted as an inpatient in that hospital.
b) Discuss any four (4) Classifications of patient conditions in the hospital. (8
Marks).
Out-patient; are conditions that can be treated or medical procedures and
tests that can be done in a medical center without an overnight stay. Many
procedures and tests can be done in a few hours.
In-patient;is conditions that requires treatment in a hospital or other health
care facility, and the patient is formally admitted to the facility by a doctor.
Emergency; Involves conditions that need immediate attention. Examples of
emergencies are chest pain, difficulty breathing, heart attack, serious injury,
bleeding that will not stop.
Elective;are medical conditions that need to be treated but not urgently.
The procedures needed by the elective patients can be planned by both the
patient and the doctor. e.g regular check-ups.
Isolation; are conditions that requires measures designed to prevent the
spread of infections or potentially infectious microorganisms to health
personnel, clients, and visitors.
Transfer-in and Transfer-out.
17. You are in the operating room and the nurse is scrubbed into an emergency case
involving a patient with a fractured hip. The instruments that your hospital uses to
repair the fracture were used earlier in the day and were reprocessed for this surgery.
The scrub nurse noticed that some of the instruments contain blood stains between the
lock-hinges and the instrument set is not complete.
a) Describe the decontamination process of instruments. (Award 2 marks for
each correct response.)
Pre-rinsing/Presoaking; to prevent blood and debris from drying on
instruments or to soften and remove dried blood and debris. A triple
proteolytic enzymatic detergent (Endozime).
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Cleaning is the process of removing surface soil, blood, body fluids, and
other kinds of organic debris, usually with detergents and mechanical
action (scrubbing or washing).
Rinsing instruments thoroughly in distilled or deionized water at the
temperature recommended by the manufacturer.
b) Describe the procedure of assembling an instrument set
(Award each correct response 1 mark maximum 14 marks)
Make sure the instruments are thoroughly dry. All instruments belonging to
each set must have passed through terminal cleaning and terminal
sterilization before they are safe to handle.
Place an absorbent towel or foam in the bottom of the tray to absorb
condensate, as for a rigid container with vacuum valves. Include a biologic
indicator or chemical integrator in the tray.
Count instruments as they are placed in the tray, and record the number of
each type.
Arrange the instruments in a definite pattern to protect them from damage
and to facilitate their removal for counting and use.
Place heavy instruments, such as retractors, in the bottom of the tray.
Open the hinges and box locks on all hinged instruments.
Place ring-handled instruments on stringers or holders designed for this
purpose. The curved jaws of hemostatic forceps and clamps should point in
the same direction from smallest to largest. Instruments should be grouped
by style and classification.Do not band with rubber bands. The metal under
the band will not sterilize adequately.
Place sharp and delicate instruments on top of other instruments. They can
be separated with an absorbent material or left in a sterilizing rack with the
blades and tips suspended. The blades of scissors, other cutting edges, and
delicate tips should not touch other instruments.
Place concave or cupped instruments with the cupped surfaces down so that
water condensate does not collect in them during sterilization and drying.
Disassemble all detachable parts.
Separate dissimilar metals.
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Place instruments with a lumen, such as a suction tip, in as near a
horizontal position as possible.
Distribute weight as evenly as possible in the tray.
Wrap the tray, or place it in a rigid container.
Place a chemical indicator tab or tape on the outside wrapper or container
for proof that the package has been through the parameters necessary for
sterilization and label the sets appropriately with their intended use (e.g.,
basic set), the date sterilized, and the process lot control number.
18. You have been deployed as a perioperative theatre technician in the theatre
department and you have been assigned to prepare a list of instruments and equipment
needed in the operating room.
a) State any FIVE (5) equipment in the operating room indicating their functions.
(10 Marks)
Patient Trolley/ stretcher
Weighing scale
Thermometer
Bp machine
Bed and mattress
Linen
Nebulizer machines
Bed pans
Urinals
Waste bins/ trash bins
Gloves
Kick-about Basins
Drug trolley
Mayo tables
Back-table
Room heaters
Patient monitors
Anesthetic machine
Operating table
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Operating lights
Diathermy machine
Scopes
b) Discuss any THREE (3) classifications of instruments according to function,
giving an example for each. (6 Marks).
Measuring Instruments
Dilating and Probing Instruments.
Aspiration, Instillation, and Irrigation Instruments.
Viewing Instruments.
Closure and Approximation Instruments.
Retracting and Exposing Instruments.
Clamping and Occluding Instruments.
Grasping And Holding Instruments
Dissecting And Cutting Instruments
c) State any FOUR (4) ways of caring and maintaining instruments in a health
facility. (4 Marks).
An instrument should be used only for the purpose for which it is
designed. Proper use and reasonable care prolong its life and protect its
quality.
Instruments must be handled gently. Bouncing, dropping, and setting
heavy equipment on top of other smaller instruments must be avoided.
Each instrument should be inspected before and after each use to detect
imperfections.
Damaged instruments should be set aside and sent for repair or
replacement.
During the procedure the scrub person should wipe the used instruments
with a damp sponge or place them in a basin of sterile water to prevent
blood from drying on the surfaces and in the box locks.
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