Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
ARASOF-Nasugbu Campus
R. Martinez St., Brgy. Bucana, Nasugbu, Batangas, Philippines 4231
Tel.Nos.:+63434160350local211|+639196722322
E-mail Address:
[email protected] | Website Address: http://www.batstate-u.edu.ph
College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences
COURSE REQUIREMENTS ON
NCM 107L – COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING LABORATORY
Case Study On:
Monkey Pox Case
In Partial Fulfillment
For The Requirements for The Program Of
Bachelor Of Science in Nursing
SUBMITTED BY:
ANGELINE A. BAYOT
BSN 1203
SUBMITTED TO:
MA’AM MILDRED MALIGAYA
Leading Innovations, Transforming Lives, Building the Nation
Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
ARASOF-Nasugbu Campus
R. Martinez St., Brgy. Bucana, Nasugbu, Batangas, Philippines 4231
Tel.Nos.:+63434160350local211|+639196722322
E-mail Address:
[email protected] | Website Address: http://www.batstate-u.edu.ph
College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences
INTRODUCTION
Mpox, formerly called monkeypox, is a disease caused by the Monkeypox
virus, which is related to the virus that causes smallpox. This zoonotic virus, which
can be transmitted between animals and humans, is commonly found in Central and
West Africa. It was first identified in 1958 following two outbreaks of a pox-like illness
in research monkeys, but the actual source of the disease remains unclear. Although
initially named "monkeypox," scientists believe that African rodents and non-human
primates may be the primary reservoirs of the virus. The first human case of mpox
was reported in 1970 in what is now the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The
disease became a global concern in 2022 when it spread beyond its usual
geographic regions.
PATIENT HISTORY
Quezon City has recently reported its first case of mpox for the year, following
the Department of Health's confirmation of the country's initial case. The patient, a
37-year-old male resident, began exhibiting symptoms of the disease on August 16.
After a period of six days, during which his condition likely worsened, he was
admitted to San Lazaro Hospital in Manila for further evaluation and care. The
diagnosis of mpox was confirmed by the Research Institute for Tropical Medicine
(RITM) on August 26, marking a critical point in understanding the local spread of the
Leading Innovations, Transforming Lives, Building the Nation
Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
ARASOF-Nasugbu Campus
R. Martinez St., Brgy. Bucana, Nasugbu, Batangas, Philippines 4231
Tel.Nos.:+63434160350local211|+639196722322
E-mail Address:
[email protected] | Website Address: http://www.batstate-u.edu.ph
College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences
virus. According to the Quezon City Health Department’s Epidemiology and
Surveillance Division (QCESD), the patient had recently undertaken local travel,
which is a significant detail in tracking the potential spread of the virus. Additionally,
the patient has reported having close contact with multiple individuals.
In response to the situation, health officials in Quezon City have initiated a
monitoring process for the patient and his 15 identified contacts to prevent further
transmission of the virus. The QCESD is actively engaged in tracking and managing
these contacts to ensure that any potential spread is promptly addressed. The city’s
proactive approach includes enhanced surveillance, thorough contact tracing, and
the temporary closure of potentially affected venues, all aimed at controlling the
spread of mpox and protecting public health.
NURSING ASSESSMENT
Regular vital signs monitoring: This involves continuously tracking and recording
the patient's vital signs such as temperature, heart rate, respiratory rate, and blood
pressure.
Skin assessment: Monkeypox is marked by skin lesions that evolve through various
stages. Nurses must conduct regular and detailed skin assessments to track the
development and characteristics of these lesions, including their size, color, texture,
and distribution.
Leading Innovations, Transforming Lives, Building the Nation
Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
ARASOF-Nasugbu Campus
R. Martinez St., Brgy. Bucana, Nasugbu, Batangas, Philippines 4231
Tel.Nos.:+63434160350local211|+639196722322
E-mail Address:
[email protected] | Website Address: http://www.batstate-u.edu.ph
College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences
Pain assessment: Pain, often resulting from skin lesions and related inflammation,
is a frequent symptom in monkeypox patients. Nurses use specialized pain
assessment tools to gauge the severity, location, and nature of the pain, as well as
its effects on the patient’s overall well-being and daily functioning.
Thorough assessment of clinical symptoms:
o Stage 1: Monitor and document initial symptoms, including fever, chills,
headache, swollen lymph nodes, muscle pain, joint pain, back pain,
and fatigue.
o Stage 2: Observe the progression of the rash, which typically develops
1-3 days after the onset of fever. The rash often starts on the face or
extremities but can appear on other areas of the body. It progresses
through various stages, eventually forming scabs that fall off as new
skin forms.
Travel history of the patient
History of exposure to potential reservoir hosts is also essential
Leading Innovations, Transforming Lives, Building the Nation
Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
ARASOF-Nasugbu Campus
R. Martinez St., Brgy. Bucana, Nasugbu, Batangas, Philippines 4231
Tel.Nos.:+63434160350local211|+639196722322
E-mail Address:
[email protected] | Website Address: http://www.batstate-u.edu.ph
College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences
NURSING INTERVENTIONS
Nursing Symptomatic Management:
Pain management: Address discomfort from skin lesions and muscle aches
by administering nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to alleviate
pain associated with monkeypox.
Fever management: Manage fever effectively to enhance patient comfort
and prevent complications from high body temperature.
Pruritus relief: For itching, use antihistamines (oral or topical) to reduce
discomfort. Apply topical treatments like calamine lotion or hydrocortisone
cream to soothe the skin and relieve itching.
Fluid and electrolyte management: Ensure adequate hydration by
encouraging fluid intake. If oral intake is insufficient, administer intravenous
fluids to maintain hydration and support physiological functions.
Nutritional support: Provide a balanced diet rich in vitamins, minerals, and
essential nutrients to aid in recovery and bolster immune function.
Psychological support: Address the emotional impact of the disease by
offering reassurance, empathy, and active listening to alleviate distress and
support the patient’s emotional well-being.
Leading Innovations, Transforming Lives, Building the Nation
Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
ARASOF-Nasugbu Campus
R. Martinez St., Brgy. Bucana, Nasugbu, Batangas, Philippines 4231
Tel.Nos.:+63434160350local211|+639196722322
E-mail Address:
[email protected] | Website Address: http://www.batstate-u.edu.ph
College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences
RATIONALE
Nursing professionals are integral to providing both compassionate care and
addressing the emotional needs of patients, as well as facilitating communication
between patients and their families. In the context of monkeypox, therapeutic
interventions primarily focus on supportive care and symptom management. Nurses
are responsible for administering antiviral medications, managing wound care for
skin lesions, and monitoring patients for potential complications, such as secondary
bacterial infections. Additionally, offering psychosocial support is crucial, as patients
may experience significant fear and anxiety due to the disease's contagious nature.
Through these comprehensive interventions, nurses effectively address both the
physical and emotional aspects of care, promoting a well-rounded and supportive
approach to patient recovery and well-being.
PRECAUTION MEASURES
Mpox requires specific infection control measures, including airborne, contact,
and droplet precautions.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Healthcare workers, including
nurses, should use the highest level of PPE when interacting with patients
who have suspected or confirmed mpox. The minimum PPE requirements
Leading Innovations, Transforming Lives, Building the Nation
Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
ARASOF-Nasugbu Campus
R. Martinez St., Brgy. Bucana, Nasugbu, Batangas, Philippines 4231
Tel.Nos.:+63434160350local211|+639196722322
E-mail Address:
[email protected] | Website Address: http://www.batstate-u.edu.ph
College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences
include a fit-tested, single-use N95 respirator, an isolation gown, goggles, and
gloves.
Aerosol Risk: The mpox virus can become airborne when contaminated
items, such as bedding, clothing, or PPE, are disturbed. The virus has been
shown to remain infectious in aerosols for 18 to 90 hours. Therefore, strict
cleaning protocols must be followed after removing reusable PPE, such as
powered air-purifying respirators (PAPRs).
Control Measures: To prevent the spread or contamination of mpox, tight
control over patient transport and the movement of healthcare workers within
the facility must be enforced.
LOCAL PREVENTION MEASURES
Since the detection of the first mpox case this year, Quezon City has taken
proactive measures by activating comprehensive prevention, control, and response
protocols. In response, all healthcare workers across the city have participated in
detailed orientations to enhance their skills in reporting and managing mpox cases
effectively.
The city mayor has called upon business and establishment owners to fully
cooperate with the city’s contact tracing efforts, which are crucial for curbing the
virus's transmission and safeguarding public health. In a bid to strengthen and
Leading Innovations, Transforming Lives, Building the Nation
Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
ARASOF-Nasugbu Campus
R. Martinez St., Brgy. Bucana, Nasugbu, Batangas, Philippines 4231
Tel.Nos.:+63434160350local211|+639196722322
E-mail Address:
[email protected] | Website Address: http://www.batstate-u.edu.ph
College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences
streamline the city's response, the local government has established the QC Task
Force MPOX through Executive Order 14. This task force comprises representatives
from various city government departments and offices, working together to ensure a
coordinated and efficient approach to managing the outbreak.
The mayor emphasized the importance of collaborative efforts, urging all
stakeholders to comply with these measures to protect the safety and welfare of
Quezon City residents. The establishment of the QC Task Force MPOX represents a
strategic move to consolidate resources and expertise, ensuring a robust and unified
response to the ongoing mpox situation.
REFERENCES
Calalo, A. (2024, September 1). QC gets its 1st case of mpox. The Manila Times.
https://www.manilatimes.net/2024/09/01/news/national/qc-gets-its-1st-case-of-
mpox/196812
PNA. (2023, September 10). Duterte: Drug war not about violence but about saving
lives. Philippine News Agency. https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1232349
Dubey,T., et al. (2023). Enhancing nursing care in monkeypox (mpox) patients:
Differential diagnoses, prevention measures, and therapeutic interventions.
ResearchGate.
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