Inputs

Bulk Density In put to be given

Specific Gravity In put to be given
Packing density= Bulk density/(Sp Gravity x unit wt of water)
Unit wt of water = 1000 kg/cum
Mean Diameter sqrt(d1 x d2)
Dia Ratio Factor, Kd = (d2 - d1) / (d2 + d1)
X= (Y1/Y2) x (pi1/pi2) / (1-pi2)
X0 = 0.4753

Sieve Size,mm 20-16 16-12.5 12.5-10

Bulk Density, kg/cum 1518 1518 1,518
Speccific Gravity 2.81 2.81 2.81
Packing density 0.540 0.540 0.540
d1 20 16 13
d2 16 12.5 10
Mean particle size 17.88854382 14.142135623731 11.180339887

Packing density for 20-16 & 16-12.5

dupper FA 16
dlowerFA 12.5
d1 14.1421356237
dupper CA 20
dlower CA 16
d2 17.88854382
Fine aggregate Bulk Density, kg/cum 1398 1398 1398
Fine Aggregate Speccific Gravity 2.72 2.72 2.72
Coarse aggregate Bulk Density, kg/cum 1424 1424 1424
Coarse aggregate Speccific Gravity 2.72 2.72 2.72

Packing density FA, pi1 0.5140 0.5140 0.5140

Packing Density CA, pi2 0.5235 0.5235 0.5235
Volume fraction (FA) Y1 - 0.0500 0.1000
Volume fraction (CA) Y2 1.0000 0.9500 0.9000
X - 0.1125 0.2375
Xo 0.4753 0.4753 0.4753
KS - 0.0919 0.1940
Kd 0.1170 0.1170 0.1170
Binary Packing density 0.52352941 0.52559719 0.52768136
Void Ratio 0.91011 0.9025977 0.89508

Max Packing Density 0.53434096

Max Viod Ratio 0.87146
nit wt of water)

pi1, pi2 = packing densities of FA and CA

10-4.75 4.75-2.36 2.36-1.18 1.18-0.6 0.6-0.15

1,518.00 1245 1245 1245 1245
2.81 2.73 2.73 2.73 2.73
0.54 0.456 0.456 0.456 0.456
10.00 4.75 2.36 1.18 0.6
4.75 2.36 1.18 0.60 0.15
6.892024376 3.3481338086 1.6687720036 0.8414273587 0.30

1398 1398 1398 1398 1398 1398 1398

2.72 2.72 2.72 2.72 2.72 2.72 2.72
1424 1424 1424 1424 1424 1424 1424
2.72 2.72 2.72 2.72 2.72 2.72 2.72

0.5140 0.5140 0.5140 0.5140 0.5140 0.5140 0.5140

0.5235 0.5235 0.5235 0.5235 0.5235 0.5235 0.5235
0.1500 0.2000 0.2500 0.3000 0.3500 0.4000 0.4500
0.8500 0.8000 0.7500 0.7000 0.6500 0.6000 0.5500
0.3773 0.5344 0.7126 0.9162 1.1511 1.4252 1.7491
0.4753 0.4753 0.4753 0.4753 0.4753 0.4753 0.4753
0.3080 0.4340 0.5524 0.6540 0.7383 0.8063 0.8600
0.1170 0.1170 0.1170 0.1170 0.1170 0.1170 0.1170
0.52978213 0.53184199 0.53336442 0.53417757 0.53434096 0.53395298 0.53312075
0.88757 0.88026 0.87489 0.87204 0.87146 0.87282 0.87575
 1398 1398 1398 1398 1398 1398 1398 1398
2.72 2.72 2.72 2.72 2.72 2.72 2.72 2.72
1424 1424 1424 1424 1424 1424 1424 1424
2.72 2.72 2.72 2.72 2.72 2.72 2.72 2.72

0.5140 0.5140 0.5140 0.5140 0.5140 0.5140 0.5140 0.5140

0.5235 0.5235 0.5235 0.5235 0.5235 0.5235 0.5235 0.5235
0.5000 0.5500 0.6000 0.6500 0.7000 0.7500 0.8000 0.8500
0.5000 0.4500 0.4000 0.3500 0.3000 0.2500 0.2000 0.1500
2.1378 2.6129 3.2067 3.9702 4.9882 6.4134 8.5512 12.1142
0.4753 0.4753 0.4753 0.4753 0.4753 0.4753 0.4753 0.4753
0.9015 0.9328 0.9558 0.9723 0.9837 0.9912 0.9958 0.9983
0.1170 0.1170 0.1170 0.1170 0.1170 0.1170 0.1170 0.1170
0.53194494 0.53051297 0.52889706 0.52715468 0.52533014 0.52345661 0.52155810 0.51965133
0.87989 0.88497 0.89073 0.89698 0.90356 0.91038 0.91733 0.92437
 1398 1398 1398
2.72 2.72 2.72
1424 1424 1424
2.72 2.72 2.72

0.5140 0.5140 0.5140

0.5235 0.5235 0.5235
0.9000 0.9500 1.0000
0.1000 0.0500 -
19.2402 40.6182 #DIV/0!
0.4753 0.4753 0.4753
0.9995 0.9999 #DIV/0!
0.1170 0.1170 0.1170
0.51774729 0.51585261 #DIV/0!
0.93144 0.93854 #DIV/0!
 Binary Mix
Partcle siz(mm) 1.18-0.6 0.6-0.15
Bulk Density, kg/cum, (Yb) 1404 1300
Speccific Gravity (G) 2.65 2.65
Packing density pi = (Yb/G x 1000) 0.529811321 0.490566
Void ratio, U = (1/pi - 1) 0.887464387 1.0384615

d upper FA 0.6
d lower FA 0.15
d1 0.3
d upper CA 1.18
d lower CA 0.6
d2 0.841427359
ratio (d1/d2) 0.356537016
Void ratio of FA 1.038461538 U1
Void ratio of CA 0.887464387 (U) taken U in calculating Z

Empirical
Spacing Factor Empirical
point on viod ratio diagram factor (M) (Kint) facto Kp
A 0- -
B 0.3 0.12 0.6
C 0.75 0.06 0.65
D 3 0.015 0.8
E 7.5 0 0.9
F Infinite - -
 1.05
1 1.18-0.6 & 0.6-0.15
0.95
0.9
0.85
0.8
0.75
0.7
0.65
0.6
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1

aken U in calculating ZUo = void ratio of CA

next
min of min of heighest corresspo
Umin nx fraction ndng U

Z Uo" U1" n Un Umin nUmin nx nh Uh

0 0.887464
0.182387 1.560212 2.505809 0.307976 0.771728
0.149943 2.842578 1.495548 0.532505 0.796387
0.771728 0.307976 0.332976 0.532505 0.796387
0.111771 15.73189 1.088128 0.882821 0.960623
0.093218 92.6065 1.045231 0.978392 1.022646
Graph
 derived from
eq - U = 1/pi -
1

Ux Pi = 1/(Ux+1)

0.774474 0.5635473111
 1 2 3 4 5
Partcle siz(mm) 20-16 16-12.5 12.5-10 10-4.75 4.75-2.36
Bulk Density, g/cc, 1.582 1.578 1.586 1.592 1.61
Speccific Gravity (G) 2.72 2.72 2.72 2.72 2.65
Packing density 0.581618 0.580147 0.583088 0.585294 0.607547
Compaction index, K 4.75 4.75 4.75 4.75 4.75
Virtual packing density 0.704063 0.702283 0.705844 0.708514 0.735452
Proportions 0.112455 0.112455 0.09639 0.1377 0.153

i
j=1 j=2 j=3 j=4 i=1
Partcile size 20-16 16-12.5 12.5-10 10-4.75 4.75-2.36
dupper 20 16 12.5 10 4.75
dlower 16 12.5 10 4.75 2.36
Avg Particle dia 17.88854 14.14214 11.18034 6.892024 3.348134
Bulk density 1.582 1.578 1.586 1.592 1.61
Size ratio dj/di 5.34284 4.223886 3.339275 2.058467
di/dj 0.187166 0.236749 0.299466 0.485798
Virtual packing density, B 0.704063 0.702283 0.705844 0.708514 0.735452
proportions 0.112455 0.112455 0.09639 0.1377 0.153
Loosening effect aij 1 1 1 1
wall effect, bij 0.267171 0.333191 0.413668 0.631277 0
(1-Bi+bij*Bi(1-1/Bj))*yj 0.020462 0.018068 0.013279 0.010127
(1-aij(Bi/Bj)*yj
Sum 0.0619355186862772
sum
Virtual Density 0.971419559821779
(yi/Bi)/k 0.033626 0.033711 0.028749 0.040916 0.043797
sum 0.291256002544004
Reciprokal of packing density 1.32067731683529
Real Packing density 0.75718723056157
 6 7 8
2.36-1.18 1.18-0.6 0.6-0.15 n= 8
1.615 1.62 1.58
2.65 2.65 2.6
0.609434 0.611321 0.607692
4.75 4.75 4.75
0.737736 0.74002 0.735628
0.153 0.135 0.1

j=5 j=6 j=7

2.36-1.18 1.18-0.6 0.6-0.15
2.36 1.18 0.6
1.18 0.6 0.15
1.668772 0.841427 0.3
1.615 1.62 1.58
0.498419 0.251312 0.089602 here I is choosen for size 4.75-2.36, hence di = 3.348134
2.006346 3.979112 11.16045
0.737736 0.74002 0.735628
0.153 0.135 0.0992
0.710839 0.505602 0.302175 (1-(1-dj/di)^1.02)^0.5, if >1, it is to be taken as 1
1 1 1 (1-(1-di/dj)^1.5, if>1, it si to be taken as 1

0.044578 0.067165 0.069231

0.180974684527101
559821779
0.043661 0.038406 0.02839
002544004
731683529 (sum+1/virtual density)
723056157