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NAME CLASS DATE

GRAMMAR
for CHAPTER 3: THE PHRASE pages 123=124

The Participle
3f. A participle is a verb form that can be used as an adjective.

(1) Present participles end in –ing.

EXAMPLE The screaming fans spurred the team to victory. [Screaming modifies the noun fans.]

(2) Past participles usually end in –d or –ed. Other past participles are formed irregularly.
EXAMPLES This restaurant’s specialty is grilled salmon. [Grilled modifies the noun salmon.]
The lake appears frozen. [Frozen modifies the noun lake.]

EXERCISE In each of the following sentences, underline the participle that is used as an adjective. Then,
draw an arrow from the participle to the word it modifies.

Example 1. During the trial, the defendant recanted his signed confession.

1. The pacing lion made us nervous.

2. A part of the broken bat nearly hit the runner on third base.
3. Our football team had a winning season.
4. The hunted animal camouflaged itself.
5. All new employees must first complete a six-week training program.
6. The road sign read, “Watch for falling rocks!”
7. I had forgotten to add diced onions to the salad.
8. One movie critic called the movie disturbing.
9. Throughout the storm the little puppy remained under the bed, whimpering.
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.

10. Would you please remove the whistling teakettle from the burner?
11. Typed hastily, the report contained several errors.
12. Harper Lee’s only published novel is To Kill a Mockingbird.
13. Our cat’s paw prints appear all over the freshly painted picnic table.
14. Startled, the young deer bounded across the creek.
15. Lying in the shade, the dog quickly fell asleep.
16. Lifting the piano, the worker pulled a muscle in his back.
17. When I proofread my report, I found two misspelled words.
18. On the windshield of every parked vehicle was an advertisement for the county fair.
19. The interviewer asked the celebrated author about her recent novel.
20. According to the legend, no one ever found the buried treasure.

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NAME CLASS DATE

GRAMMAR

for CHAPTER 3: THE PHRASE page 125

The Participial Phrase

3g. A participial phrase is used as an adjective and consists of a participle and any complements or
modifiers the participle has.

EXAMPLES We just saw Carlos playing soccer in the park. [The participial phrase, which con-
sists of the present participle playing, the direct object soccer, and the prepositional
phrase in the park, modifies the noun Carlos.]
The crew of the space shuttle launched on Friday will repair the satellite. [The par-
ticipial phrase, which consists of the past participle launched and the prepositional
phrase on Friday, modifies the noun space shuttle.]

EXERCISE Underline the participial phrase in each of the following sentences. Then, draw an arrow to the
word the phrase modifies.

Example 1. Climbing over the fence, the scout leader ripped his uniform.

1. On vacation we stayed at an inn built in the late eighteenth century.

2. Working for the florist, Langston learned about many varieties of plants.
3. The woman standing behind the podium is Ms. Kwan, our principal.
4. Is a baseball card autographed by that pitcher very valuable?
5. The dog, searching for food, roamed the neighborhood.
6. Through my binoculars I spotted a hummingbird feeding on the nectar of a gladiolus.
7. The horse, walking slowly, approached the trainer.
8. We saw ahead of us a deer leaping across the highway.

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.

9. The students, disturbed by the noise outside, could not concentrate on their class work.
10. Walking along the beach, we looked for colorful seashells.
11. Ontario, situated between Quebec and Manitoba, is Canada’s most populous province.
12. Some literary critics consider that novel the best one ever written.
13. Walking through my new neighborhood, I met many friendly people.
14. Completed about 1506, Mona Lisa, Leonardo da Vinci’s masterpiece, now hangs in the Louvre.
15. Glenn found on the Internet several good articles related to the topic of his science report.
16. Blowing her whistle, the lifeguard signaled the swimmers to get out of the pool.
17. Enchanted by the story, the children pleaded with Mr. Torres to tell another.
18. The student sitting at the first desk in the second row is an exchange student from Brazil.
19. Boarding Air Force One, the president smiled and waved at the enthusiastic crowd.
20. Training hard, the gymnasts practiced their floor exercises.

58 ELEMENTS OF LANGUAGE Third Course

L09NAGUML9_052-074.qxd 10/21/07 2:48 AM Page 59

NAME CLASS DATE

GRAMMAR
for CHAPTER 3: THE PHRASE pages 123=125

Participles and Participial Phrases

3f. A participle is a verb form that can be used as an adjective.

There are two kinds of participles: present participles, which end in –ing, and past participles,
which end in –d or –ed or are irregularly formed.

3g. A participial phrase is used as an adjective and consists of a participle and any complements or
modifiers the participle has.

EXAMPLE Disappointed with my performance, I asked my opponent for a rematch. [The par-
ticipial phrase, which consists of the past participle Disappointed and the preposi-
tional phrase with my performance, modifies the pronoun I.]

EXERCISE A In each of the following sentences, underline the participle that is used as an adjective.
Draw an arrow from the participle to the word it modifies.

Example 1. Soaring ticket sales made the team owners happy.

1. The participating players gathered on the field.

2. Cheering fans shouted the names of favorite players.
3. When Reginald came on the field, the delighted crowd roared.
4. Swaggering, he waved to the crowd.
5. Later, the winning team rushed off the field.

EXERCISE B Underline the participial phrases in the following sentences. Draw an arrow from each
participial phrase to the word it modifies.
Example 1. Sifted at the site, the mounds of dirt yielded pieces of pottery and glass.
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.

6. The archaeologist worked slowly, examining each particle of dirt carefully.

7. Artifacts buried in the site were valuable.
8. Serving as clues to early life, artifacts are like puzzle pieces.
9. The archaeologist, recording all efforts and observations, logged her progress.
10. A computer, given certain data, can help her date her findings.
11. We saw the archaeologist brushing dirt off an old statue.
12. Examining the statue, the archaeologist estimated its value.
13. Doesn’t this artifact resemble one uncovered earlier?
14. Everyone working at the archaeological excavation was learning a great deal about the past.
15. An archaeological excavation would be an exciting experience for anyone interested in past
cultures.

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ADV
9. According to this recipe, the casserole 12. Harper Lee’s only published novel is To Kill
ADV
should be baked for thirty minutes. a Mockingbird.
ADJ
10. All of these lovely quilts were made 13. Our cat’s paw prints appear all over the
ADV
by hand. freshly painted picnic table.
ADJ
11. The development of the Internet 14. Startled, the young deer bounded across the
ADV
has changed our lives in many ways. creek.
ADV
12. Through the telescope we could see clearly 15. Lying in the shade, the dog quickly fell
ADJ
the rings around Saturn. asleep.
ADV
13. In the living room Sam chased the kitten 16. Lifting the piano, the worker pulled a
ADV
around the couch. muscle in his back.

Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor.
ADV
14. After sunset is there still enough light 17. When I proofread my report, I found two
ADJ
for photography? misspelled words.
15. Austin, Texas, has been the capital both 18. On the windshield of every parked vehicle
ADJ ADJ
of a state and of a country. was an advertisement for the county fair.

The Participle, p. 57 19. The interviewer asked the celebrated author

EXERCISE about her recent novel.
1. The pacing lion made us nervous. 20. According to the legend, no one ever found
2. A part of the broken bat nearly hit the the buried treasure.
runner on third base. The Participial Phrase, p. 58
3. Our football team had a winning season. EXERCISE

4. The hunted animal camouflaged itself. 1. On vacation we stayed at an inn built in the
late eighteenth century.
5. All new employees must first complete a
six-week training program. 2. Working for the florist, Langston learned
about many varieties of plants.
6. The road sign read, “Watch for
falling rocks!” 3. The woman standing behind the podium is
Ms. Kwan, our principal.
7. I had forgotten to add diced onions to the
salad. 4. Is a baseball card autographed by that
pitcher very valuable?
8. One movie critic called the movie
disturbing. 5. The dog, searching for food, roamed the
neighborhood.
9. Throughout the storm the little puppy
remained under the bed, whimpering. 6. Through my binoculars I spotted a
hummingbird feeding on the nectar of a
10. Would you please remove the whistling
gladiolus.
teakettle from the burner?
7. The horse, walking slowly, approached the
11. Typed hastily, the report contained several
trainer.
errors.

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8. We saw ahead of us a deer leaping across 2. Cheering fans shouted the names of
the highway. favorite players.
9. The students, disturbed by the noise 3. When Reginald came on the field, the
outside, could not concentrate on their class delighted crowd roared.
work. 4. Swaggering, he waved to the crowd.
10. Walking along the beach, we looked for 5. Later, the winning team rushed off the field.
colorful seashells. EXERCISE B
11. Ontario, situated between Quebec and 6. The archaeologist worked slowly,
Manitoba, is Canada’s most populous examining each particle of dirt carefully.
province. 7. Artifacts buried in the site were valuable.
Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor.

12. Some literary critics consider that novel the 8. Serving as clues to early life, artifacts are
best one ever written. like puzzle pieces.
13. Walking through my new neighborhood, I 9. The archaeologist, recording all efforts and
met many friendly people. observations, logged her progress.
14. Completed about 1506, Mona Lisa, 10. A computer, given certain data, can help
Leonardo da Vinci’s masterpiece, now her date her findings.
hangs in the Louvre.
11. We saw the archaeologist brushing dirt off
15. Glenn found on the Internet several good an old statue.
articles related to the topic of his science
12. Examining the statue, the archaeologist esti-
report.
mated its value.
16. Blowing her whistle, the lifeguard signaled
13. Doesn’t this artifact resemble one
the swimmers to get out of the pool.
uncovered earlier?
17. Enchanted by the story, the children plead-
14. Everyone working at the archaeological
ed with Mr. Torres to tell another.
excavation was learning a great deal about
18. The student sitting at the first desk in the the past.
second row is an exchange student from
15. An archaeological excavation would be an
Brazil.
exciting experience for anyone interested in
19. Boarding Air Force One, the president past cultures.
smiled and waved at the enthusiastic
The Gerund, p. 60
crowd.
EXERCISE
20. Training hard, the gymnasts practiced their PN
1. My favorite pastime is stargazing.
floor exercises. OP
2. After Dad and I grew tired of shopping, we
Participles and Participial Phrases, p. 59 went to a movie.
EXERCISE A DO
3. Do you enjoy fishing?
1. The participating players gathered on the S
4. Teaching is a noble profession.
field.

Grammar, Usage, and Mechanics: Language Skills Practice Answer Key 29