 Board Question Paper: March 2024

BOARD QUESTION PAPER : MARCH 2024

ECONOMICS
Time: 3 Hrs. Max. Marks: 80
Notes: (1) All questions are compulsory.
(2) Draw neat tables/diagrams wherever necessary.
(3) Figures to the right indicate full marks.
(4) Write answers to all main questions on new pages.

Q.1. (A) Choose the correct option : (5)[20]

ns
1. Method adopted in micro economics analysis.
i. Lumping method ii. Aggregative method
iii. Slicing method iv. Inclusive method
(a) i, iii, iv (b) ii, iii, iv

io
(c) Only iii (d) Only i
2. Factors which are working in unorganised money market.

at
i. Money lenders ii. Commercial bank
iii. Hundi iv. Chit funds
(a) i, ii, iii (b) ii, iii
(c) ii, iv (d) i, iii, iv
lic
3. Optional functions of Government.
i. Protection from external attack
ii. Provision of education and health services
ub
iii. Provision of social security measures
iv. Collection of tax
(a) ii, iii (b) i, ii, iii
(c) ii, iii, iv (d) All of the above
P

4. Statements that highlight the significance of index numbers.

i. Index numbers are useful for making future predictions.
et

ii. Index numbers help in the measurement of inflation.

iii. Index numbers help to frame suitable policies.
iv. Index numbers can be misused.
(a) ii, iii, iv (b) i, ii, iii
rg

(c) i, ii, iv (d) i, iii, iv

5. Blood bank is an example of ______.
Ta

i. Place utility ii. Knowledge utility

iii. Service utility iv. Time utility
(a) i, ii, iii (b) ii, iii, iv
(c) i, ii, iv (d) Only iv

(B) Find the odd word out: (5)

i. Types of demand :
Direct demand, Indirect demand, Composite demand, Market demand.
ii. Features of National Income :
Financial year, Money value, Static concept, Flow concept.
iii. Types of budget :
Deficit budget, Zero budget, Balanced budget, Surplus budget.
1
 
Std. XII: Economics

iv. Legal monopoly :

Patent, OPEC, Copyright, Trade mark.
v. Financial Assets :
Bonds, Land, Govt. Securities, Derivatives.
(C) Give economic term: (5)
i. More quantity is demanded due to changes in the favourable factors determining demand
other than price.
ii. Deposits that are withdrawable on demand.
iii. Charging different prices to different consumers for the same product or services.
iv. Net addition made to total cost by producing one more unit of output.
v. Degree of responsiveness of quantity demanded to change in income only.

ns
(D) Complete the correlation : (5)
i. General equilibrium : Macro Economics : : : Micro Economics.

io
ii. Output method : : : Income method : Factor cost method.

iii. Form utility : Furniture : : : Doctor

at
iv. Perfectly elastic demand : Ed =  : : : Ed = 0

v. : Change in supply : : Other factors constant : Variation of supply.

Q.2. (A)
lic
Identify and explain the following concepts (Any THREE): (6)[12]
i. Manisha satisfied her want of writing an essay by using pen and notebook.
ii. Raghu’s father invested his money in a market for long term funds both equity and
ub
debt raised within and outside the country.
iii. Due to mandatory use of masks during corona epidemic the demand for mask producing
labour has increased.
iv. Maharashtra purchased wheat from Punjab.
P

v. Jagruti receives monthly pension of `5,000 from the state government.

(B) Distinguish between (Any THREE): (6)

et

i. Recurring deposits and Fixed deposits.

ii. Total utility and Marginal utility.
iii. Perfectly elastic demand and Perfectly inelastic demand.
iv. Price Index and Quantity Index.
rg

v. Internal debt and External debt.

Q.3. Answer the following (Any THREE): [12]
Ta

i. Explain any four types of demand.

ii. Explain any four problems of capital market in India.
iii. Explain any four features of utility.
iv. Explain any four reasons for the growth of public expenditure.
v. Explain any four features of macro economics.
Q.4. State with reasons whether you agree or disagree with the following statements (Any THREE): [12]
i. Over the last 75 years, India’s foreign trade has undergone a complete change in terms of
composition and direction.
ii. Macro economics is different from micro economics.
iii. Price maker is the only feature of monopoly market.
iv. There are many sources of non-tax revenue.
v. There are many types of index numbers.

2
  Board Question Paper: March 2024

Q.5. Study the following table, figure, passage and answer the questions given below it (Any TWO): [8]
i. Observe the following table and answer the questions given below it: (4)
Price in 2006 (in `) Prices in 2019 (in `)
Commodities (Base Year) (Current Year)
P0 P1
A 20 30
B 30 45
C 40 60
D 50 75
E 60 90
Questions:

ns
1. Write the formula for calculation of price index. (1)
2. Find the value of P0 and P1. (1)
3. Find the price index P01. (2)

io
ii. Observe the given diagram and answer the following questions: (4)

at
D2 D D1
Price in `

P
lic D1
D
D2
0 Q2 Q Q1 X
ub
Quantity Demanded
in Kgs

1. Rightward shift in demand curve _______ (1)

2. Leftward shift in demand curve _______ (1)
P

3. Price remains _______ (1)

4. Increase and decrease in demand comes under _______ (1)
et

iii. Read the given passage and answer the questions: (4)
In common language the term market means a specific place where buyers and sellers
of a commodity meet and exchange their goods. But in Economics it is not necessarily a
rg

place but it is an arrangement through which buyers and sellers come in contact with each
other directly or indirectly and exchange of goods takes place among them.
Market can be classified on the basis of place, time and competition. Market on the
basis of competition is perfect competition and imperfect competition. Perfect competition
Ta

is an imaginary concept of market and in reality, we observe various types of imperfect

competition like monopoly, duopoly, oligopoly and monopolistic completion.
In practice monopolistic competition is used. In this market there are some features of
perfect competition and monopoly acting together. The uniqueness of this market lies in
the fact that a difference is made between cost of production and selling cost. Selling cost
refers to the cost incurred by the firm to create more demand for its product and increase
the volume of sale. It includes expenditure on advertisement, hoardings, window display
etc.
Questions:
1. Explain the concept of Market from Economic sense. (1)
2. Write the classification of Market. (1)
3. Write your own opinion about selling cost. (2)

3
 
Std. XII: Economics

Q.6. Answer the following questions in detail (Any TWO): [16]

i. Explain the concept of price elasticity with its types.
ii. Explain the concept of National income and explain the practical difficulties involved in the
measurement of National income.
iii. State and explain the law of supply with assumptions.

ns
io
at
lic
P ub
et
rg
Ta

4
  Board Question Paper: July 2023

BOARD QUESTION PAPER : JULY 2023

ECONOMICS
Time: 3 Hrs. Max. Marks: 80
Notes: (1) All questions are compulsory.
(2) Draw neat tables/diagrams wherever necessary.
(3) Figures to the right indicate full marks.
(4) Write answers to all main questions on new pages.

Q.1. (A) Complete the following statements: (5)[20]

ns
i. The branch of economics that deals with the allocation of resources is known as _______.
(a) Micro economics (b) Macro economics
(c) Econometrics (d) Agricultural economics

io
ii. Net addition made to the total revenue by selling an extra unit of a commodity is _______.
(a) total revenue (b) marginal revenue
(c) average revenue (d) marginal cost

at
iii. Symbolically, the functional relationship between Demand and Price can be expressed as
_______.
(a) Dx = f(Px) (b) Dx = f(Pz)
(c) Dx = f(y)
lic (d) Dx = f(T)
iv. In India, National Income Committee establishment year is _______.
(a) 1952 (b) 1949
ub
(c) 1947 (d) 1950
v. Marginal Utility of the commodity becomes negative when Total Utility of a commodity is
_______.
(a) rising (b) constant
P

(c) falling (d) zero

(B) Find the odd word out: (5)
et

i. Types of Elasticity of Demand:

Income elasticity, Unitary elasticity, Cross elasticity, Price elasticity.
ii. Factors of production:
rg

Profit, Labour, Capital, Entrepreneur.

iii. Market structure on the basis of competition:
Perfect competition, Monopoly, Oligopoly, Very short period market.
Ta

iv. Types of Bank Accounts:

Saving account, D-mat account, Recurring account, Current account.
v. Classification of Public Expenditure:
Revenue expenditure, Capital expenditure, Consumption expenditure, Developmental
expenditure.
(C) Give economic term: (5)
i. The cost incurred by the firm to promote sales.
ii. The tax which is paid by the taxpayer on his income and property.
iii. The capacity of a commodity to satisfy human wants.
iv. Wear and tear of capital assets, due to their use in the process of production.
v. A desire which is backed by willingness to purchase and ability to pay.

1
Economics 

(D) Complete the correlation: (5)

i. Pen and ink: : : Tea and coffee : substitute goods
ii. Micro economics: Tree : : Macro economics : .
iii. : Base year prices : : P1 : Current year prices
iv. Demand curve : : : Supply curve : Upward
v. Theoretical difficulty : Transfer payments : : : Valuation of inventories.
Q.2. (A) Identify and explain the following concepts (Any THREE): (6)[12]
i. Savita collected the information about individual income in a particular firm.
ii. India purchased petroleum from Iran.

ns
iii. Prakash receives monthly pension of ` 15,000/- from the State Government.
iv. Price of salt increases by ` 20 to ` 50, still there is no change in demand for salt.
v. Meena deposited a lumpsum amount of ` 1,50,000 in the bank, for a period of one year.

io
(B) Distinguish between (Any THREE): (6)
i. Micro Economics and Macro Economics
ii. Expansion of demand and Contraction of demand

at
iii. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and Gross National Product (GNP)
iv. Public Finance and Private Finance
v. Simple Index Number and Weighted Index Number
lic
Q.3. Answer the following (Any THREE): [12]
i. Explain any four features of Micro economics.
ii. Explain the two sector model of circular flow of national income.
iii. Explain any four types of Utility.
ub
iv. Explain the meaning of budget with its types.
v. Explain any four factors influencing elasticity of demand.
Q.4. State with reasons whether you agree or disagree with the following statements (Any THREE): [12]
i. The Law of diminishing marginal utility is based on many assumptions.
P

ii. Index numbers are free from limitations.

iii. Supply curve slopes downwards from left to right.
iv. Foreign trade plays an important role in economic development of country.
et

v. Fees, fines and penalties are a major source of revenue for the Government.
Q.5. Study the following table, figure, passage and answer the questions given below it (Any TWO): [8]
i. Observe the following table and answer the questions given below it: (4)
rg

Base Year Current Year

Commodity
Price p0 Qty q0 Price p1 Qty q1 p1q1 p0q1
Ta

A 2 10 5 8 40

B 4 5 8 3 12

C 1 7 2 10 20

D 5 8 10 5 25
Total 134 63
Questions:
1. Fill the blank boxes of the above schedule. (2)
2. Apply the given formula and find out Paasche’s Index Number (2)

P01 =
p q1 1
× 100
p q0 1

2
  Board Question Paper: July 2023

ii. On the basis of the given diagram state whether the following statements are True or False: (4)
Y
A
B

Price
D
C
E
0 X
Quantity Demanded
1. Demand at point ‘C’ is relatively elastic demand. (1)

ns
2. Demand at point ‘B’ is unitary elastic demand. (1)
3. Demand at point ‘D’ is perfectly inelastic demand. (1)
4. Demand at point ‘A’ is perfectly elastic demand. (1)

io
iii. Read the given passage and answer the questions: (4)
Maharashtra is the largest producer of tur dal, the principle source of protein in a
vegetarian diet in India. The state produces nearly 28% of National output with Latur and

at
Hingoli districts in Marathwada and Akola district in Vidarbha producing the lion’s share.
In 2019-20 production of tur dal in Maharashtra was 37.36 lakh tonne and in 2020-21 it
has been increased to 42.24 lakh tonne. But in the current year 2021-22, due to
lic
unfavourable climatic conditions, production of tur dal will reduce by 20% to 25% as a
result of which the prices of tur dal has increased.
Last season, the state government has purchased tur at minimum base price. As the
production was not predictable, the government was in trouble while buying tur under
ub
guaranteed price. Due to limited number of godowns the government has now decided to
sell tur in form of dal to minimize the increasing loss due to storage, maintenance
problems, etc.
Questions:
P

1. Name the largest tur dal producer districts in Maharashtra. (1)

2. What was the production of tur dal in the year 2020-21 of Maharashtra? (1)
3. Express your opinion about given passage. (2)
et

Q.6. Answer the following questions in detail (Any TWO): [16]

i. State and explain the law of demand with exceptions.
ii. Explain the functions of Reserve Bank of India.
rg

iii. Explain the meaning of perfect competition with its features.

Ta

3
  Board Question Paper: March 2023

BOARD QUESTION PAPER : MARCH 2023

ECONOMICS
Time: 3 Hrs. Max. Marks: 80
Notes: (1) All questions are compulsory.
(2) Draw neat tables/diagrams wherever necessary.
(3) Figures to the right indicate full marks.
(4) Write answers to all main questions on new pages.

Q.1. (A) Complete the following sentences: (5)[20]

i. Micro Economics is also called as _______.

ns
(a) Income theory (b) Price theory
(c) Growth theory (d) Employment theory
ii. Money market faces shortage of funds due to _______.

io
(a) Inadequate savings (b) Growing demand for cash
(c) Unorganized sector (d) Financial mismanagement

at
iii. Marginal utility of the commodity becomes negative when Total Utility of a commodity is
_______.
(a) rising (b) constant
(c) falling (d) zero
iv.
lic
Public expenditure of any government shows _______.
(a) constant trend (b) increasing trend
(c) decreasing trend (d) fluctuating demand
ub
v. The relationship between income and demand for inferior goods is _______.
(a) direct (b) inverse
(c) no effect (d) can be direct and inverse
P

(B) Find the odd word out: (5)

i. Revenue concepts:
Total Revenue, Average Revenue, Total Cost, Marginal Revenue.
et

ii. Quantitative Tools of credit control:

Bank rate, Open market operations, Foreign Exchange rate, Variable reserve ratio.
iii. Scope of Micro Economics:
rg

Theory of product pricing, Theory of factor pricing, Theory of Economic growth and
Development, Theory of Economic welfare.
iv. Non-tax revenue:
Ta

Fees, Penalty, Wealth tax, Special levy.

v. Types of Simple Index Number:
Laspeyre’s Price Index Number, Price Index Number, Quantity Index Number, Value Index
Number.
(C) Give economic term: (5)
i. The volume of commodities and services turned out during a given period counted without
duplication.
ii. A desire which is backed by willingness to purchase and ability to pay.
iii. Degree of responsiveness of a change of quantity demanded of a good to a change in its
price.
iv. Very realistic competition in nature.
v. Swati purchased raincoat for her father in rainy season.
1
Economics 

(D) Assertion and reasoning questions: (5)

i. Assertion (A): In perfect competition, price is determined by the forces of demand and
supply.
Reasoning (R): The number of buyers and sellers is so large that one person can not
influences prices.
Options:
1. (A) is true, but (R) is false.
2. (A) is false, but (R) is true.
3. Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
4. Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
ii. Assertion (A): A change in quantity demanded of one commodity due to a change in the price

ns
of other commodity is cross elasticity.
Reasoning (R): Changes in consumers’ income leads to a change in the quantity demanded.
Options:
1. (A) is true, but (R) is false.

io
2. (A) is false, but (R) is true.
3. Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
4. Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

at
iii. Assertion (A): Production for self-consumption is not accounted for in the national income.
Reasoning (R): The products kept for self consumption do not enter the market.
Options:
1.
lic
(A) is true, but (R) is false.
2. (A) is false, but (R) is true.
3. Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
4. Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
ub
iv. Assertion (A): Foreign exchange management and control is undertaken by commercial
banks.
Reasoning (R): RBI has to maintain the official rate of exchange of rupee and ensure its
P

stability.
Options:
1. (A) is true, but (R) is false.
et

2. (A) is false, but (R) is true.

3. Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
4. Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
rg

v. Assertion (A): Supply is a relative term.

Reasoning (R): Supply is always expressed in relation to price, time and quantity.
Options:
1. (A) is true, but (R) is false.
Ta

2. (A) is false, but (R) is true.

3. Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
4. Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
Q.2. (A) Identify and explain the following concepts (Any THREE): (6)[12]
i. A table seller sold the table for ` 2,000 per piece. In this way he sold 15 tables and
earned ` 30,000.
ii. England imported cotton from India, made readymade garments from it and sold them
to Malaysia.
iii. Ashok paid the tax on his income and property.
iv. Raju’s father invests his money in a market for long term funds both equity and debt
raised within and outside the country.
v. A poor person wants to buy a car.
2
  Board Question Paper: March 2023

(B) Distinguish between (Any THREE): (6)

i. Unitary elastic demand and Relatively elastic demand
ii. Output method of measuring national income and Income method of measuring
national income
iii. Demand deposit and Time deposit
iv. Simple Index number and Weighted index number
v. Stock and Supply
Q.3. Answer the following (Any THREE): [12]
i. Explain any four points of importance of Micro economics.
ii. Explain the Ratio or percentage method of measuring price elasticity of demand.
iii. Explain any four features of national income.
iv. Explain any four problems faced by the money market in India.

ns
v. Explain any four exceptions of the law of Diminishing marginal utility.
Q.4. State with reasons whether you agree or disagree with the following statements (Any THREE): [12]
i. There are no exceptions to the law of supply.

io
ii. Balance of Trade and Balance of Payment are two different concepts.
iii. Index numbers are very significant / important in economics.
iv. There are no theoretical difficulties in the measurement of National Income.

at
v. Macro economics is different from Micro economics.
Q.5. Study the following table, figure, passage and answer the questions given below it (Any TWO): [8]
i. Observe the following table and answer the questions given below it:
lic (4)
Unity of Marginal Utility
Total Utility (TU) units
Commodity (MU) units
1 6
ub
2 5
3 15 4
4 15
P

5 –1
Questions:
1. Complete the above table. (2)
et

2. a. When total utility is Maximum, the marginal utility is – (1)

b. When total utility falls, the marginal utility becomes – (1)
rg

ii. In the following diagram AE is the linear demand curve of a commodity. On the basis of the
given diagram state whether the following statements are True or False: (4)
Y
Ta

A
B
Price

D
C
E
0 X
Quantity Demanded

1. Demand at point ‘C’ is relatively elastic demand. (1)

2. Demand at point ‘B’ is unitary elastic demand. (1)
3. Demand at point ‘D’ is perfectly inelastic demand. (1)

3
Economics 

4. Demand at point ‘A’ is perfectly elastic demand. (1)

iii. Read the given passage and answer the questions: (4)
Index Number is a technique of measuring changes in a variable or group of related
variables with reference to time, geographical location and other characteristics.
Index Number is very useful for economists, farmers, traders, government,
educationalists and trade union leaders for planning and implementing the plans according
to their sector.
The scope of index number is not limited to only one subject but it extends to many
subjects such as Economics, Educational science, Psychology, History, Sociology, Geography
etc.
While framing index number its objective must be determined. To attain the objective

ns
the information is collected in various ways and this information is used for comparing two
different time periods. For this purpose, the base year’s index is assumed as 100 and
accordingly the value of the current year is calculated.
Laspeyre, Paasche and Fisher have suggested different methods for constructing index

io
numbers.
Questions:
1. Explain the meaning of Index Number. (1)

at
2. To whom the Index Number is useful? (1)
3. Express your opinion about the given passage. (2)
Q.6. Answer the following questions in detail (Any TWO): [16]
i.
ii.
lic
State and explain the law of demand with exceptions.
Explain the meaning of Monopoly with its features.
iii. Explain various reasons for the growth of public expenditure.
P ub
et
rg
Ta

4
  Board Question Paper : July 2022

BOARD QUESTION PAPER : JULY 2022

ECONOMICS
Time: 3 Hrs. Max. Marks: 80
Note:
(1) All questions are compulsory.
(2) Draw neat tables/diagrams wherever necessary.
(3) Figures to the right indicate full marks.
(4) Write answers to all main questions on new page.

ns
Q.1. (A) Choose the correct option: (5)[20]
(i) The branch of economics that deals with the allocation of resources:
(a) Micro economics (b) Macro economics
(c) Econometrics (d) Monetary economics

io
Options: (1) a, b, c (2) a, b (3) only ‘a’ (4) None of these

(ii) Classification of markets is done on the basis of place:

at
(a) Local market, National market, International market
(b) Very short period market, Local market, National market
(c) Short period market, National market, International market
lic
(d) Local market, National market, Short period market
Options: (1) a, b, c (2) b, c, d (3) Only ‘a’ (4) a, d

(iii) Statements that are incorrect in relation to index numbers:

ub
(a) Index number is a geographical tool.
(b) Index numbers measure changes in the air pressure.
(c) Index numbers measure relative changes in an economic variable.
P

(d) Index numbers are specialized averages.

Options: (1) c, d (2) a, b (3) b, c (4) a, b, c ,d

(iv) Non-tax sources of revenue:

et

(a) Direct and indirect taxes (b) Direct tax and fees
(c) Fees (d) Special levy
Options: (1) b, c (2) a, c (3) a, b, c, d (4) c, d
rg

(v) Methods of quantitative credit control:

(a) Bank rate (b) Open market operation
Ta

(c) Cash reserve ratio (d) Credit rationing

Options: (1) a, b, c (2) b, c, d (3) a, b, d (4) a, c, d

(B) Complete the correlations: (5)

(i) Micro economics : : : Macro economics : Forest

(ii) Price and demand for normal good : Inverse relationship : : Giffen goods :

(iii) Perfect competition : : : Monopoly : Single seller

Total Revenue
(iv) Total revenue : : : Average revenue :
Total Quantity

(v) Output method : : : Income method : Factor cost method

1
Std. XII : Economics 

(C) Find the odd word out: (5)

(i) Types of elasticity of demand - Price elasticity, Income elasticity, less elastic, cross elasticity.
(ii) External debt - Foreign banks, World bank, International monetary fund, Central bank.
(iii) Organised sector - Money lender, Commercial bank, Co-operative Bank, Reserve Bank of
India.
(iv) Transfer income - Pension, unemployment allowance, wages, gifts.
(v) Types of foreign trade - Local trade, Import trade, Export trade, Entrepot trade.
(D) Complete the following statements: (5)
(i) The relationship between demand for a good price is _______.
(a) direct (b) inverse
(c) no effect (d) can be direct and inverse

ns
(ii) Demand curve is parallel to ‘X’ axis in case of _______.
(a) Perfectly elastic demand (b) Perfectly inelastic demand
(c) Relatively elastic demand (d) Relatively inelastic demand

io
(iii) A rightward shift in supply curve shows:
(a) Contraction of supply (b) Decrease in supply
(c) Expansion of supply (d) Increase in supply

at
(iv) Trade of goods and service within the geographical boundaries of a nation:
(a) International trade (b) Internal trade
(c) Currency trade (d) Inter-continental trade
(v)
lic
Stock exchange is an important constituent of the _______.
(a) Capital market (b) Money market
(c) Local market (d) International market
ub
Q.2. (A) Identify and explain the following concepts (Any THREE): (6)[12]
(i) Salma purchased sweater for her father in winter season.
(ii) Sanket’s demand for consumer goods increased by 20% due to an increase in his income by
50%.
P

(iii) Anita receives monthly pension of ₹ 15,000/- from the State Government.
(iv) John produces 5 units of mobile in his factory at ₹ 50,000. When he produced the 6th unit of
mobile total cost was ₹ 58,000.
(v) Samir paid wages to workers in his factory and interest on his bank loan.
et

(B) Distinguish between (Any THREE): (6)

(i) Individual demand and Market demand.
rg

(ii) Slicing method and Lumping method.

(iii) Stock and Supply.
(iv) Simple index number and Weighted Index number.
(v) Direct tax and Indirect tax.
Ta

Q.3. Answer the following (Any THREE): [12]

(i) Explain the four features of micro economics.
(ii) Explain any four points related to the significance of index number.
(iii) Explain any four features of monopoly.
(iv) Explain any four points related to the role of money market in India.
(v) Explain any four points related to the role of foreign trade.
Q.4. State with reasons whether you agree or disagree with the following statements (Any THREE): [12]
(i) Every desire of an individual is a demand.
(ii) There is a direct relationship between price and quantity supplied.
(iii) Commercial bank performs various functions.
(iv) Index numbers can be constructed without base year.
(v) Slope of relatively elastic demand curve is steeper.

2
  Board Question Paper : July 2022

Q.5. Study the following table, figure, passage and answer the questions given below it (Any TWO): [8]
(i) (4)
Price of Apple Demand Supply
[Per kg ₹] [Per kg] [Per kg]
100 50 10

200 20

30 30

400 20

500 50

ns
(1) Complete the above table. (2)
(2) Draw an equilibrium price determination diagram based on the above table. (2)

io
(ii) Following diagram is a linear demand curve. On the basis of the given diagram answer the
following questions: (4)
Y

at
P
P
R
I
C
P1
lic
P2
E
P3
ub
P4
X
O Quantity demanded

(1) Demand at point ‘P2’ is relatively inelastic. Is this statement true or false? (1)
P

(2) Identify the elasticity of demand at point ‘P’. (1)

(3) What is denoted on ‘X’ axis in the above diagram? (1)
(4) Which method of measuring elasticity of demand is denoted in the above diagram? (1)
et

(iii) As per a survey conducted by Galaxy Enterprise it was observed that in Panji there was an
increase in the demand for biscuits. This was due to the change in people’s taste and habits.
Considering this an opportunity, the Galaxy enterprise borrowed capital from ‘Bank of India’,
rg

purchased wheat from farmers and started producing biscuits. The company had a
competition from Andromeda Foods Ltd. a producer of cream biscuits. One more research
conducted by Galaxy Enterprise made them realise that with the rise in demand for biscuits,
the demand for tea has also increased.
Ta

Galaxy Enterprise started a chain of tea shops in Panji with an intention of creating
competition to Andromeda.
(1) Find out the examples of types of demand from the above passage:
(a) Direct Demand (1)
(b) Indirect Demand (1)
(2) Give your opinion with reference to above passage. (2)
Q.6. Answer the following questions in detail (Any TWO): [16]
(i) State and explain the law of diminishing marginal utility with exceptions.
(ii) Explain the concept of National income and explain the features of National Income.
(iii) Explain various reasons for the growth of public expenditure.

3
  Board Question Paper : March 2022

BOARD QUESTION PAPER : MARCH 2022

ECONOMICS
Time: 3 Hrs. Max. Marks: 80
Notes:
(1) All questions are compulsory.
(2) Draw neat tables/diagrams wherever necessary.
(3) Figures to the right indicate full marks.
(4) Write answers to all main questions on new page.

Q.1. (A) Complete the correlations: (5)[20]

(i) Macro Economics : : : Micro Economics : Price theory

(ii) Direct demand : Food and Mobiles : : : Land and Labour.

(iii) Perfectly elastic demand : Ed =  : : Ed = 1.

(iv) Output method : Product method : : : Factor cost method.

(v) Personal income tax : : : Goods and service tax (GST) : Indirect tax.

(B) Give economic terms: (5)

(i) Additional utility derived by a consumer from an additional unit consumed.
(ii) Price being constant, demand falls due to unfavorable change in other factors.
(iii) Revenue per unit of output sold.
(iv) Period in which all factors of production are variable.
(v) The gross market value of all final goods and services produced within the domestic territory
of a country during a period of a year.

(C) Complete the following statements: (5)

(i) Whole Economy is studied in _______.
(a) Micro Economics (b) Macro Economics
(c) Econometrics (d) Natural Sciences

(ii) When percentage change in quantity demanded is less than percentage change in price, the
demand curve is _______.
(a) Flatter (b) Steeper
(c) Rectangular hyperbola (d) Horizontal

(iii) The cost incurred by the firm to promote sales _______.

(a) Total cost (b) Average cost
(c) Marginal cost (d) Selling cost

(iv) Budget that consists of revenue receipts and revenue expenditure _______.
(a) Capital budget (b) Government budget
(c) Revenue budget (d) Family budget

(v) Purchase of goods and services from one country and selling them to another country is
_______.
(a) Entrepot trade (b) Import trade
(c) Export trade (d) National trade

1
Std. XII : Economics 

(D) Assertion and reasoning questions: (5)

(i) Assertion (A): Marginal utility (MU) goes on diminishing.
Reasoning (R): Total utility (TU) increases at diminishing rate.
Options:
(a) Assertion (A) is true but Reasoning (R) is false.
(b) Assertion (A) is false but Reasoning (R) is true.
(c) Both statements A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(d) Both statements A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A.
(ii) Assertion (A): With rising price, supply of commodity falls.
Reasoning (R): Seller earns more profit at higher price.
Options:
(a) Assertion (A) is true but Reasoning (R) is false.
(b) Assertion (A) is false but Reasoning (R) is true.
(c) Both statements A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(d) Both statements A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A.
(iii) Assertion (A): Index number considers all factors.
Reasoning (R): Index number is based on samples.
Options:
(a) Assertion (A) is true but Reasoning (R) is false.
(b) Assertion (A) is false but Reasoning (R) is true.
(c) Both statements A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(d) Both statements A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A.
(iv) Assertion (A): Money market economises use of cash.
Reasoning (R): Money market does not deal with financial instruments that are close
substitutes of money.
Options:
(a) Assertion (A) is true but Reasoning (R) is false.
(b) Assertion (A) is false but Reasoning (R) is true.
(c) Both statements A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(d) Both statements A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A.
(v) Assertion (A): International trade leads to division of labour and specialisation.
Reasoning (R): India’s national trade is not increasing.
Options:
(a) Assertion (A) is true but Reasoning (R) is false.
(b) Assertion (A) is false but Reasoning (R) is true.
(c) Both the statements A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(d) Both the statements A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A.
Q.2. (A) Identify and explain the following concepts (Any THREE): (6)[12]
(i) Asha collected the information about the income of a particular firm.
(ii) Ramesh’s demand for salt remained unchanged inspite of a 10% rise in its price.
(iii) Out of 4000 kgs of rice the farmer offered to sale 1000 kgs of rice in the market at ` 40 per kg.
(iv) Shobha collected data regarding the money value of all final goods and services produced in
the country for the financial year 2019-20.
(v) Lucy deposited a lumpsum amount of ` 1,00,000/- in the Bank of India for the period of one
year.
(B) Distinguish between (Any THREE): (6)
(i) Slicing method and lumping method.
(ii) Joint/complementary demand and competitive demand.
(iii) Total revenue and marginal revenue.
(iv) Price Index Number and Quantity Index Number.
(v) Internal debt and External debt.
2
  Board Question Paper : March 2022

Q.3. Answer the following (Any THREE): [12]

(i) Explain the scope of macro economics.
(ii) Explain any four features of monopoly.
(iii) Elaborate any four features of utility.
(iv) Write any four practical difficulties in national income estimation.
(v) Explain the Ratio method of measuring price elasticity of demand.
Q.4. State with reasons whether you agree or disagree with the following statements
(Any THREE): [12]
(i) There are no exceptions to the law of diminishing marginal utility.
(ii) Supply curve of labour is backward bending.
(iii) Price under perfect competition is decided by the interaction between demand and supply.
(iv) Capital market plays an important role in India.
(v) Balance of Payment is same as Balance of Trade.
Q.5. Study the following table, figure, passage and answer the questions given below it
(Any TWO): [8]
(i)
Components ₹ Crores
Consumption (C) 800/-
Investment (I) 700/-
Government Expenditure (G) 400/-
Net Export (X-M) –150/-
Depreciation (D) 100/-
(1) Calculate GDP (Gross Domestic Product) on the basis of above table. (2)
(2) Calculate NDP (Net Domestic Product) on the basis of above table. (2)
(ii) Identify the price elasticity of demand from the following diagrams: (4)
(1) y (2) y

D
P P
R P1 R D D
I I P
C P C
E E
P2
D x
x
O B O
Qty. demanded Qty. demanded

(3) y (4) y
D
D
P P
P P
R R
I I P
D 1 D
C P1 C
E E

O Q Q1 x x
O Q Q1
Qty. demanded Qty. demanded
3
Std. XII : Economics 

(iii) Commercial banks act as intermediaries in the country’s financial system to bring the savers
and investors together. They are profit seeking financial institutions. Due to bank
nationalisation in 1969, there was increase in loan disbursement in urban and rural areas.
Agriculture and retail traders started getting more loans. Those sectors which were not
getting loans before 1969, started getting loans in post nationalisation period. After
nationalisation of bank branch expansion took place. There has diversification in the functions
of banks. Commercial Banks are providing different types of services like safe deposit lockers,
D-mat facility, internet banking, mobile banking etc.
(1) Write any two benefits of Bank nationalisation. (1)
(2) Write various services provided by banks. (1)
(3) Write your opinion about the above passage. (2)
Q.6. Answer the following questions in detail (Any TWO): [16]
(i) Explain the concepts of variation and changes in demand with the help of diagrams.
(ii) Explain the meaning of index number. Explain various steps involved in the construction of
index number.
(iii) Explain various sources of public revenue.

4
  Board Question Paper : October 2021

BOARD QUESTION PAPER : OCTOBER 2021

ECONOMICS
Time: 3 Hrs. Max. Marks: 80
Notes:
(1) All questions are compulsory.
(2) Draw neat tables/diagrams wherever necessary.
(3) Figures to the right indicate full marks.
(4) Write answers to all main questions on new pages.

Q.1. (A) Choose the correct option from given options: (5)[20]
(i) The branch of Economics that deals with the allocation of resources.
(a) Micro Economics
(b) Macro Economics
(c) Econometrics
(d) Monetary Economics
(1) a, b, c (2) a, b (3) only ‘a’ (4) None of the se
(ii) Two or more goods demanded jointly to satisfy a single want.
(a) Direct
(b) Indirect
(c) Joint/ Complementary
(d) Composite demand
(1) a, d (2) a, b, c (3) a, c (4) only ‘c’
(iii) Homogeneous product is a feature of this market.
(a) Monopoly
(b) Monopolistic competition
(c) Perfect competition
(d) Oligopoly
(1) only ‘c’ (2) a, b, c (3) a, b, d (4) c, d
(iv) Economist who is of the view that public finance is one of those subjects which are on
the borderline between economics and politics.
(a) Adam Smith
(b) Alfred Marshall
(c) Prof. Hugh Dalton
(d) Prof. Findlay Shirras
(1) only ‘a’ (2) only ‘b’ (3) only ‘c’ (4) only ‘d’
(v) Role of foreign trade.
(a) To earn foreign exchange.
(b) To encourage investment.
(c) Leads to division of labour.
(d) Brings change in composition of exports.
(1) a, b, c (2) a, b, c, d (3) a, b, d (4) None of these
(B) Complete the following correlations: (5)
(i) Micro Economics : Tree : : Macro Economics :
(ii) Single consumer : Individual demand : : Many consumers :
(iii) : Downward sloping curve : : Supply curve : Upward sloping curve.

1
Std. XII : Economics 

(iv) Price index : Inflation : : : Agricultural production.

(v) : Central bank : : State Bank of India : Commercial bank.

(C) Give economic terms for the following descriptions: (5)

(i) Utility of a commodity increases with a change in its time of utilization.
(ii) The demand for a commodity which can be put to several uses.
(iii) The market where there are a few sellers.
(iv) Financial statement showing the expected receipts and proposed expenditure of the
government in the coming financial year.
(v) Deposits withdrawable on demand.
(D) Complete and rewrite the following statements: (5)
(i) When Marginal Utility (MU) is negative, Total Utility (TU) is _________.
(a) Rising (b) Not changing
(c) Falling (d) Zero
(ii) When less units are demanded at high price it shows __________.
(a) Increase in demand (b) Expansion of demand
(c) Decrease in demand (d) Contraction in demand
(iii) Revenue per unit of output sold is ________.
(a) Total revenue (b) Marginal revenue
(c) Average revenue (d) Marginal expenditure
(iv) Organised sector of money market in India includes _________.
(a) Indigenous bankers
(b) Money lenders
(c) Commercial Banks
(d) Unregulated non-bank financial intermediaries
(v) Purchase of goods and services by one country from another country is ________.
(a) Export trade (b) Import trade
(c) Entrepot trade (d) Internal trade
Q.2. (A) Identify and explain the following concepts (Any THREE): (6)[12]
(i) Madhav collected information about monthly expenditure of a family.
(ii) Pooja satisfied her need of writing an essay by using pen and notebook.
(iii) There are many firms producing soaps in India.
(iv) Ramesh prepared share price index number.
(v) Fall in price of sugar by 50% results in 50% rise in demand.
(B) Distinguish between the following (Any THREE): (6)
(1) Form Utility and Knowledge Utility.
(2) Perfect competition and Monopolistic competition.
(3) Partial equilibrium and General equilibrium.
(4) Direct tax and Indirect tax.
(5) Perfectly elastic demand and Perfectly inelastic demand.
Q.3. Answer the following questions (Any THREE): [12]
(i) Explain any four features of perfect competition.
(ii) Calculate Quantity Index Number from the given data:
Commodity Qty in 2010 (q0) Qty in 2011 (q1)
A 20 55
B 35 60
C 75 110
D 70 75
2
  Board Question Paper : October 2021

(iii) Explain any four sources of non-tax revenue of the government.

(iv) Explain the function of acceptance of deposits of commercial bank.
(v) Explain any four features of National Income.
Q.4. State with reasons whether you agree or disagree with the following statements
(Any THREE): [12]
(i) There are exceptions to the law of supply.
(ii) The scope of Macro Economics is unlimited.
(iii) Price Index number is the only type of Index number.
(iv) Reserve Bank of India performs various functions.
(v) Obligatory function is the only function of the government.
Q.5. Study the following table, figure, passage and answer the questions given below it
(Any TWO): [8]
(i)
Units of x Total Utility Marginal Utility
1 10 10
2 18 8
3 24 6
4 28 4
5 30 2
6 30 0
7 28 –2
(1) With the help of above schedule draw total utility and marginal utility curve. (2)
(2) When total utility is maximum marginal utility is . (1)
(3) When total utility falls marginal utility becomes . (1)
(ii)
y

s
P1 T
P
R P
R
I M
C P2
E
S
x
0 Q2 Q Q1
Qty. Supplied

(1) The above diagram shows direct relationship between quantity supplied and . (1)
(2) In above diagram, supply curve ‘SS’ has slope. (1)
(3) Rise in price leads to upward movement of supply on the same supply curve from point
‘R’ to point ‘T’. This movement is known as . (1)
(4) Fall in price leads to downward movement of supply on the same supply curve from point
‘R’ to point ‘M’. The movement is known as . (1)

3
Std. XII : Economics 

(iii) India’s economy is very diverse. This includes agriculture, handicrafts, textile mills,
industries, manufacturing and a variety of services. Two thirds of the people working in
India still depend on agriculture or agro-based industries for their livelihood, but a wide
range of services are also contributing to the economy, and more recently services based
businesses are playing a very important role in the economy. In recent years, with the
advancement of computer technology and information technology in India, as well as the
growing number of highly educated and English speaking young people, India has
gradually started playing the role of an outsourcing service to the whole world. India is
the world’s largest exporter of highly skilled technicians. At the same time, India’s
potential in manufacturing, pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, microtechnology,
telecommunications, shipbuilding, aviation and tourism is growing rapidly.
Since the early 1990s, India has begun to open up its economy through economic
reforms, gradually reducing its control over foreign investment and trade.
(1) What is the prime source of livelihood for the majority of population in India? (1)
(2) Which sector is developing very fast in India in the recent years? (1)
(3) Give your opinion about India’s economy with reference to the above passage. (2)
Q.6. Answer the following questions in detail (Any TWO): [16]
(i) Explain the Law of Demand with its assumptions.
(ii) Explain the concept of price elasticity of demand and its types.
(iii) Explain Income and Expenditure method of measuring national income.