SENIOR CERTIFICATE EXAMINATIONS/

NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE EXAMINATIONS

AGRICULTURAL MANAGEMENT PRACTICES

2019

MARKING GUIDELINES

MARKS: 200

These marking guidelines consist of 11 pages.

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Agricultural Management Practices 2 DBE/2019
SC/NSC – Marking Guidelines

SECTION A

QUESTION 1

1.1 Multiple choice

1.1.1 C
1.1.2 A
1.1.3 B
1.1.4 C
1.1.5 A
1.1.6 B
1.1.7 C
1.1.8 C
1.1.9 C
1.1.10 D
(10 x2) (20)

1.2 Match Column A and Column B

1.2.1 E 
1.2.2 I 
1.2.3 A 
1.2.4 J 
1.2.5 H 
1.2.6 F 
1.2.7 C 
1.2.8 D 
1.2.9 K 
1.2.10 G 
(10 x 2) (20)

1.3 Correct agricultural term

1.3.1 Depreciation 
1.3.2 Rain meter/rain gauge 
1.3.3 Budget 
1.3.4 Inventory 
1.3.5 Drying/dehydration 
(5 x 1) (5)

1.4 Underlined words

1.4.1 Turnover 
1.4.2 Contract 
1.4.3 Contour farming 
1.4.4 Texture 
1.4.5 Whole 
(5 x 1) (5)
TOTAL SECTION A 50

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Agricultural Management Practices 3 DBE/2019
SC/NSC – Marking Guidelines

SECTION B

QUESTION 2: PHYSICAL AND FINANCIAL PLANNING

2.1 Attendance for a crop producing farm

WEEK 03/02/19 10/02/19 17/02/19

ENDING
DAYS DAYS DAYS
Worker M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S
1 A A A A
2
3 A A A A A
4 A A A
5 A A
6 A

Marking rubric
 Drawing = 1 mark
 Correct entering of workers = 1
 Correct entering of week endings = 1
 Correct entering of absents on the correct dates = 2  (5)

2.1.2 Types of leave

 Worker 1 – family responsibility leave 
 Worker 2 – no leave taken 
 Worker 3 - sick leave 
 Worker 4 – study leave 
 Worker 6 – urgent private matters / special leave (5)

2.2 Grazing camps

2.2.1 FOUR principles for dividing veld into camps
 Enough shelter in each camp 
 Drinking water available in each camp 
 Place watering point as close as possible to the centre of the camp 
 Combine veld types with the same potential and palatability 
 Waterways, rivers, swamps lands should be fenced off 
 Eroded areas should be fenced off 
 Fence dangerous areas/poisonous plants/quarry off  (Any 4) (4)

2.2.2 THREE benefits of camps in fodder crop production

 Enables the farmer to apply crop rotation system 
 Crop rotation system will increase financial viability of a farm 
 Fodder crops can be planted to assist livestock production 
 Rest period for crop 
 Regrowth to take place 
 Increase the capacity 
 Possible to cut fodder crops  (Any 3) (3)

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Agricultural Management Practices 4 DBE/2019
SC/NSC – Marking Guidelines

2.3 Factors that determine the type of technology for a farm

 Nature of the farming system  – intensive or high input systems require
more advanced technology 
 Scale of the farming system  – large scale farming systems require
more machinery and technology 
 Income potential of the farming enterprise  – higher income farms can
support the purchase of expensive technology  (6)

2.4 Capital
2.4.1 TWO advantages of personal funds
 Freedom to use as needed 
 No interest to pay  (2)

2.4.2 ONE disadvantages of personal funds

 Limited amount available as a saving 
 If the farmer uses all the savings and something with negative impact to
the farm happen, the farmer will not have spare money to rectify the
problem 
OR
 Future value of funds decreases 
 Due to a loss of interest on the savings  (2)

2.5 Precision farming

2.5.1 Results obtain (1)

2.5.2 Analyse  (1)
2.5.3 Plan  (1)
2.5.4 Apply  (1)

2.6 Precision farming – remote sensing

2.6.1 Soil maps

 Soils can be treated to each crop input management  and purpose  (2)

2.6.2 Variable rate technology (VRT)

 Precision/precise location save costs 
 Less harmful to environment  (2)

2.6.3 Water stress

 Better irrigation management 
 Application of water when needed  (2)

2.7 Agricultural resources

 Natural resources  – 3 000 ha of land in total 
 Capital  – use to purchase extra 1 000 ha 
 Human resources  – labourers employed  (6)

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Agricultural Management Practices 5 DBE/2019
SC/NSC – Marking Guidelines

2.8 Factors to consider when combining labour and mechanisation

 Cost 
 Efficiency 
 Social contributing factors – provision of employment in an area 
 Quality of produce 
 Time lines/time frame  (Any 3) (3)

2.9 Information on soil samples

 Farmer will know exactly the amount and or type of fertiliser to apply 
 That reduces the fertiliser costs on the farm 
 The correct fertilisers can increase the yield and productivity 
 Better information to decide on the type of crop cultivated 
 Give indication of type of implements to obtain/use on the specific field 
(Any 4) (4)
[50]

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Agricultural Management Practices 6 DBE/2019
SC/NSC – Marking Guidelines

QUESTION 3: ENTREPRENEURSHIP, RECORDING, MARKETING, BUSINESS

PLANNING AND ORGANISED AGRICULTURE

3.1 Financial recording documents

3.1.1 Distinguish between

(a) Source document
 Source document is a source of financial information
 Used in financial records to keep track of expenditure and income  (2)

(b) Income statement

 Income statement is a financial document compiled at the end of a
period
 On expenditures and income 
 To determine profit or loss  (3)

3.1.2 Source documents

 Cash slips 
 Invoices 
 Cheques 
 Receipts 
 Cash vouchers 
 Bank deposit slips/book 
 Proof of EFT 
 Withdrawal slip  (Any 2) (2)

3.2 Marketing

3.2.1 Define target market

 It is a specific market selected by the business enterprise 
 On which to concentrate its marketing efforts  (2)

3.2.2 Name and description of aspects in the marketing mix

 Product 
o Type of product you are selling 
o The quantity of the product 
o The quality/grade of the product  (Any 1)
 Price 
o Decide/determine the price of the product you are selling 
 Place 
o Place/marketing channel of the market for selling 
o Type of market for your product 
o Distance to the market  (Any 1)
 Promotion 
o Different methods of advertising the product 
o Different promotion actions of the product  (Any 1) (8)

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Agricultural Management Practices 7 DBE/2019
SC/NSC – Marking Guidelines

3.3 Price setting

3.3.1 Demand

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN QUANTITY SOLD AND PRICE 

35

30
Price (Rand per bag)

25
20
15

10

5
0
250 500 750 1000 1250 1500 1750 2000 2250 2500
axis labelled  Quantity (bags per week) units 

Marking rubric

CRITERIA MARKS
1. Appropriate heading 1
2. Axis’s correct labelled 1
3. Points are plotted accurately 3
Straight line (250;30 – 1 000;30)
Straight line (1 000;15 – 1 500;10)
Straight line (1 500;10 – 2 500;5)
4. Units at both axis 1 (6)

3.3.2 Relationship between demand and price

 Low demand leads to low prices 
 High prices leads to low demand 
 High demand leads to high prices 
 Low prices leads to high demand  (4)

3.3.3 Price and justification

 R5,00 
 Because 2 500 bags were bought by consumers  (2)

3.3.4 Effect of market price on quantity of products marketed

 Lower market prices will lead to less products supplied to the markets 
 Higher market prices will lead to increase in products supplied to the
markets 
 Staple food will always in demand and farmers will send these products
within certain price ranges 
 Farmers tend to supply products to markets with higher prices even
though they are far/distance away (more costs)  (4)
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Agricultural Management Practices 8 DBE/2019
SC/NSC – Marking Guidelines

3.4 Evaluating a business opportunity in agriculture industry

 Design  – one mark for any relevant design of the score card
Factors include:
 The time it takes for the product to be ready for consumers 
 The value of the product 
 The risks involved 
 Uniqueness of the product 
 Whether the business venture matches the personal skills and goals of
the entrepreneur 
 The profits or returns to be made  (Any 5) (6)

3.5 Cash Flow Statement

3.5.1 Closing balance for February and March

a) February = R7 200,00 + (–R10 000,00) 
= – R2 800,00  (2)
b) March = – R2 800,00 + R27 500,00 
= R24 700,00  (2)

3.5.2 Advice on changes of income

 Try to cut expenses /try to increase in income 
 Processing of excess products 
 Sign contracts to market products at different times of the year/hedging of
products 
 Utilise saved capital  (Any 2) (2)

3.6 Organisations in Agriculture

3.6.1 Commission agent  (1)
3.6.2 Processor  (1)
3.6.3 Cooperatives  (1)
3.6.4 Transnational companies  (1)
3.6.5 Wholesaler  (1)
[50]

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Agricultural Management Practices 9 DBE/2019
SC/NSC – Marking Guidelines

QUESTION 4: HARVESTING, PROCESSING, MANAGEMENT AND AGRITOURISM

4.1 Advantages of method of harvesting

MANUAL HARVESTED MACHINE HARVESTED

Cheap  Quick 
Selective harvesting  High productivity 
Less damage to product  Larger areas (6)

4.2 FIVE reasons for sorting

 To separate marketable and non-marketable products 
 To separate the products for various processing plants 
 To separate products into quality and classes 
 To facilitate control 
 To make packaging easier 
 To simplify marketing  (Any 5) (5)

4.3 Transport in delivering agriproducts

4.3.1 Methods of transport used to deliver products

 Roads 
 Railroad 
 Air 
 Water  (4)

4.3.2 FIVE factors determining the choice of transport

 The further products have to travel the more reliable transport must be
used 
 Type of transport will have a direct influence on marketing cost 
 Bulk transport is needed for products selling in bulk 
 Nature of products determine the type of transport 
 Speed of delivery of the product will determine the type of transport 
 Perishability of the product will decide the type of transport/perishable
products need specialised transport 
 Larger quantity of product needs larger transport vehicles 
 The destination of the product can have big influence on the type of
transport used  (Any 5) (5)

4.4 Methods/type of cooling

 Cold air cooling 
 Hydro cooling 
 Direct cooling / surface cooling 
 Ice packs  (Any 3) (3)

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Agricultural Management Practices 10 DBE/2019
SC/NSC – Marking Guidelines

4.5 Value adding

4.5.1 Identify processing method

a) Milling 
b) Salting and drying 
c) Filtration/Drying 
d) Heat and fermentation 
e) Heat and spicing  (5)

4.5.2 The uses heating techniques

a) Pasteurisation
 Moderate to high temperature (50 to 75 0C)
 Applied for a longer period  (2)

b) Sterilization
 Very high temperature (Above 1000C)
 Applied for a very short period  (2)

4.6 FOUR elements for effective decision-making

 Identifying problem/area of concern 
 Determine resources available 
 Solutions/alternatives available 
 Cost and result of decision  (4)

4.7 TWO methods of internal motivation

 Bonuses 
 Incentives 
 Certificates 
 Token of appreciation  (Any 2) (2)

4.8 Agritourism

4.8.1 Farm stay holiday

 Tourists visit farm facilities 
 To experience farm activities themselves  (2)

4.8.2 Ecotourism
 Tourists travel to natural areas within the farm 
 To learn about the people’s lifestyles and natural history of the
environment  (2)

4.8.3 Domestic tourist

 Domestic/Native/South African tourist 
 Visiting other places within their country/South Africa  (2)

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Agricultural Management Practices 11 DBE/2019
SC/NSC – Marking Guidelines

4.9 Steps from harvesting to marketing

Mentioned product – examples can be used for:
 Harvesting 
 Grading 
 Processing 
 Packaging 
 Selling  (Any 4) (4)

4.10 Determining expiring date of processed products

 Date of processing 
 Method used for processing 
 Number of days for specific product and process  (Any 2) (2)
[50]

TOTAL SECTION B: 150

GRAND TOTAL: 200

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