SEMESTER VIII
145
BP801T BIOSTATISITCS AND RESEARCH METHODOLOGY (Theory)
3L + 1T / week
Scope: To understand the applications of Biostatics in Pharmacy. This subject deals
withdescriptive statistics, Graphics, Correlation, Regression, logistic regression Probability
theory, Sampling technique, Parametric tests, Non-Parametric tests, ANOVA, Introduction to
Design of Experiments, Phases of Clinical trials and Observational and Experimental studies,
SPSS, R and MINITAB statistical software‘s, analysing the statistical data using Excel.
Objectives: Upon completion of the course the student shall be able to:
1. Know the operation of M.S. Excel, SPSS, R and MINITAB®, DoE (Design of
Experiment)
2. Know the various statistical techniques to solve statistical problems
3. Appreciate statistical techniques in solving the problems
Sr. Content Hours
No.
1 UNIT I 10
1.1 Introduction: Statistics, Biostatistics, Frequency distribution 2
1.2 Measures of central tendency: Mean, Median, Mode- Pharmaceutical 3
examples
1.3 Measures of dispersion: Dispersion, Range, standard deviation, 2
Pharmaceuticalproblems
1.4 Correlation: Definition, Karl Pearson‘s coefficient ofcorrelation, Multiple 3
correlation -Pharmaceuticals examples
2 UNIT –II 10
2.1 Regression: Curve fitting by the method of least squares, fitting the lines y= 3
a + bx and x= a + by, Multiple regression, standard error of regression–
Pharmaceutical Examples
2.2 Probability: Definition of probability, Binomial distribution, Normal 4
distribution,Poisson‘s distribution, properties – problems
Sample, Population, large sample, small sample, Null hypothesis,
alternative hypothesis, sampling, essence of sampling, types of sampling,
Error-I type, Error-II type, Standard error of mean (SEM) - Pharmaceutical
examples
2.3 Parametric test: t-test(Sample, Pooled or Unpaired and Paired) , ANOVA, 3
(One wayand Two way), Least Significance difference
3 UNIT –III 10
146
3.1 Non Parametric tests: Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test, Mann-Whitney U test, 2
Kruskal-Wallistest, Friedman Test
3.2 Introduction to Research: Need for research, Need for design of 3
Experiments,Experiential Design Technique, plagiarism
3.3 Graphs: Histogram, Pie Chart, Cubic Graph, response surface plot, Counter 2
Plot graph
3.4 Designing the methodology: Sample size determination and Power of a 3
study, Reportwriting and presentation of data, Protocol, Cohorts studies,
Observational studies, Experimental studies, Designing clinical trial, various
phases.
4 UNIT –IV 8
4.1 Blocking and confounding system for Two-level factorials 2
4.2 Regression modeling: Hypothesis testing in Simple and Multiple 2
regressionmodels
4.3 Introduction to Practical components of Industrial and Clinical Trials 4
problems:Statistical Analysis Using Excel, SPSS, MINITAB®, DESIGN
OF EXPERIMENTS, R - Online Statistical Software‘s to Industrial and
Clinical trial approach
5 UNIT –V 7
5.1 Design and Analysis of experiment- Factorial Design: Definition, 22, 3
23design. Advantage of factorial design
5.2 Response Surface methodology: Central composite design, Historical 4
design,Optimization Techniques
45
Recommended Books (Latest edition):
1. Pharmaceutical statistics- Practical and clinical applications, Sanford Bolton, publisher
Marcel Dekker Inc. NewYork.
2. Fundamental of Statistics – Himalaya Publishing House- [Link]
3. Design and Analysis of Experiments –PHI Learning Private Limited, R. Pannerselvam,
4. Design and Analysis of Experiments – Wiley Students Edition, Douglas and C.
Montgomery
147
BP802T SOCIAL AND PREVENTIVE PHARMACY 3L + 1T / week
Scope: The purpose of this course is to introduce to students a number of health issues and their
challenges. This course also introduced a number of national health programmes. The roles of
the pharmacist in these contexts are also discussed.
Objectives:After the successful completion of this course, the student shall be able to:
1. Acquire high consciousness/realization of current issuesrelated to health and pharmaceutical
problems within the country and worldwide.
2. Have a critical way of thinking based on current healthcare development.
3. Evaluate alternative ways of solving problems related tohealth and pharmaceutical issues
Sr. Content Hours
No.
1 UNIT I 10
1.1 Concept of health and disease: Definition, concepts and evaluation of
public [Link] the concept of prevention and control of
disease, social causes of diseases and social problems of the sick.
1.2 Social and health education: Food in relation to nutrition and health,
Balanced diet,Nutritional deficiencies, Vitamin deficiencies, Malnutrition
and its prevention.
1.3 Sociology and health: Socio cultural factors related to health and disease,
Impact ofurbanization on health and disease, Poverty and health
1.4 Hygiene and health: personal hygiene and health care; avoidable habits
2 UNIT –II 10
2.1 Preventive medicine: General principles of prevention and control of
diseases such ascholera, SARS, Ebola virus, influenza, acute respiratory
infections, malaria, chicken guinea, dengue, lymphatic filariasis,
pneumonia, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cancer, drug addiction-drug
substance abuse
3 UNIT –III 10
National health programs, its objectives, functioning and outcome of
the following: HIV AND AIDS control programme, TB, Integrated disease
surveillance program (IDSP), National leprosy control programme, National
mental health program, National programme for prevention and control of
deafness, Universal immunization programme, National programme for
control of blindness, Pulse polio programme
4 UNIT –IV 8
National health intervention programme for mother and child, National
148
family welfare programme, National tobacco control programme, National
Malaria Prevention Program, National programme for the health care for the
elderly, Social health programme; role of WHO in Indian national program
5 UNIT –V 7
Community services in rural, urban and school health: Functions of PHC,
Improvement in rural sanitation, national urban health mission, Health
promotion and education in school.
45
Recommended Books (Latest edition):
1. Short Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, Prabhakara GN, 2nd Edition, 2010, ISBN:
9789380704104, JAYPEE Publications
2. Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine (Mahajan and Gupta), Edited by Roy Rabindra
Nath, Saha Indranil, 4th Edition, 2013, ISBN: 9789350901878, JAYPEE Publications
3. Review of Preventive and Social Medicine (Including Biostatistics), Jain Vivek, 6 th Edition,
2014, ISBN: 9789351522331, JAYPEE Publications
4. Essentials of Community Medicine—A Practical Approach, Hiremath Lalita D, Hiremath
Dhananjaya A, 2nd Edition, 2012, ISBN: 9789350250440, JAYPEE Publications
5. Park Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, K Park, 21st Edition, 2011, ISBN-14:
9788190128285, BANARSIDAS BHANOT PUBLISHERS.
6. Community Pharmacy Practice, Ramesh Adepu, BSP publishers, Hyderabad
Recommended Journals:
1. Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy, Elsevier, Ireland
149
BP803ET PHARMACEUTICAL MARKETING MANAGEMENT(Theory) -
ELECTIVE 3L + 1T Hours / week
Scope: The pharmaceutical industry not only needs highly qualified researchers, chemists and,
technical people, but also requires skilled managers who can take the industry forward by
managing and taking the complex decisions which are imperative for the growth of the industry.
The Knowledge and Know-how of marketing management groom the people for taking a
challenging role in Sales and Product management.
Objective: The course aims to provide an understanding of marketing conceptsand techniques
and their applications in the pharmaceutical industry.
Sr. Content Hours
No.
1 UNIT I 10
1.1 Marketing:
Definition, general concepts, and scope of marketing; Distinction between
marketing & selling; Marketing environment; Industry and competitive
analysis; Analyzing consumer buying behavior; industrial buying behavior
1.2 Pharmaceutical market:
Quantitative and qualitative aspects; size and composition of the market;
demographic descriptions and socio-psychological characteristics of the
consumer; market segmentation& targeting. Consumer profile; Motivation
and prescribing habits of the physician; patients' choice of physician and
retail pharmacist. Analyzing the Market; Role of market research.
2 UNIT –II 10
Product decision:
Meaning, Classification, product line and product mix decisions, product
life cycle, product portfolio analysis; product positioning; New product
decisions; Product branding, packaging and labeling decisions, Product
management in pharmaceutical industry.
3 UNIT –III 10
Promotion:
Meaning and methods, determinants of promotional mix, promotional
budget; An overview of personal selling, advertising, direct mail, journals,
sampling, retailing, medical exhibition, public relations, online promotional
techniques for OTC Products.
4 UNIT –IV 8
4.1 Pharmaceutical marketing channels:
150
Designing channel, channel members, selecting the appropriate channel,
conflict in channels, physical distribution management: Strategic
importance, tasks in physical distribution management.
4.2 Professional sales representative (PSR):
Duties of PSR, purpose of detailing, selection and training, supervising,
norms for customer calls, motivating, evaluating, compensation and future
prospects of the PSR.
5 UNIT –V 7
5.1 Pricing:
Meaning, importance, objectives, determinants of price; pricing methods
and strategies, issues in price management in pharmaceutical industry. An
overview of DPCO (Drug Price Control Order) and NPPA (National
Pharmaceutical Pricing Authority).
5.2 Emerging concepts in marketing:
Vertical & Horizontal Marketing; Rural Marketing; Consumerism;
Industrial Marketing; Global Marketing.
45
Recommended Books: (Latest Editions)
1. Philip Kotler and Kevin Lane Keller: Marketing Management, Prentice Hall of India, New
Delhi
2. Walker, Boyd and Larreche : Marketing Strategy- Planning and Implementation, Tata MC
GrawHill, New Delhi.
3. Dhruv Grewal and Michael Levy: Marketing, Tata MC Graw Hill
4. Arun Kumar and N Menakshi: Marketing Management, Vikas Publishing, India
5. Rajan Saxena: Marketing Management; Tata MC Graw-Hill (India Edition)
6. Ramaswamy, U.S & Nanakamari, S: Marketing Managemnt: Global Perspective,
IndianContext, Macmilan India, New Delhi.
7. Shanker, Ravi: Service Marketing, Excell Books, New Delhi
8. Subba Rao Changanti, Pharmaceutical Marketing in India (GIFT – Excel series) Excel
Publications.
151
BP809ET COSMETIC SCIENCE (Theory) - ELECTIVE 3L + 1T / week
Sr. Content Hours
No.
1 UNIT I 10
1.1 Classification of cosmetic and cosmeceutical products 2
Defination of cosmetics as per Indian and EU regulations, Evolution of
cosmoceuticals from cosmetics,cosmetics as quasi and OTC drugs
1.2 Cosmetic excipients: Surfactants, rheology modifiers, humectants, 8
emollients,preservatives. Classification and application
Skin: Basic structure and function of skin.
Hair: Basic structure of hair. Hair growth cycle
Oral Cavity: Common problem associated with teeth and gums.
2 UNIT –II 10
2.1 Principles of formulation and building blocks of skin care 5
products:
Face wash, Moisturizing cream, Cold Cream, Vanishing cream their
relative skin sensory, advantages and disadvantages. Application of
these products in formulation of cosmecuticals.
Principles of formulation and building blocks of Hair care 5
products:
Conditioning shampoo, Hair conditioners,antidandruff shampoo.
Hair oils.
Chemistry and formulation of Para-phylene diamine based hair dye.
Principles of formulation and building blocks of oral care products:
Toothpaste for bleeding gums, sensitive teeth. Teeth whitening,
Mouthwash
3 UNIT –III 10
3.1 Sun protection, Classification of Sunscreens and SPF 2
3.2 Role of herbs in cosmetics: 6
Skin Care: Aloe and turmeric
Hair care: Henna and amla.
Oral care: Neem and clove
3.3 Analytical cosmetics: BIS specification and analytical methods for 2
shampoo, skin-cream and toothpaste
4 UNIT –IV 8
Principles of Cosmetic Evaluation: Principles of sebumeter,
corneometer. Measurement of TEWL, Skin Color, Hair tensile strength,
164
Hair combing properties Soaps,and syndet bars. Evolution and skin
beneits.
5 UNIT –V 7
Oily and dry skin, causes leading to dry skin, skin moisturisation.
Basic understanding of the terms Comedogenic, dermatitis.
Cosmetic problems associated with Hair and scalp: Dandruff,
Hair fall causes
Cosmetic problems associated with skin: blemishes, wrinkles,
acne, prickly heat and body odor.
Antiperspirants and Deodorants- Actives and mechanism of action
45
References
1. Harry‘s Cosmeticology, Wilkinson, Moore, Seventh Edition, George Godwin.
2. Cosmetics – Formulations, Manufacturing and Quality Control, P.P. Sharma, 4th Edition,
Vandana Publications Pvt. Ltd., Delhi.
3. Text book of cosmelicology by Sanju Nanda & Roop K. Khar, Tata Publishers.
165
