THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING

(An Autonomous Institute Under VTU)

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
Manandavadi Road, Mysore-570008, Karnataka, India.
Estd: 1946 Phone: 0821-4004930, Fax: 0821-2485802, Email: [email protected]
Dr. T.N.Shridhar Date : 09-08-2017
Professor & CoE

SUB: TURBOMACHINES [ME0455] SEM : V A, B&C

TUTORIAL SHEET – V
1. Turbine ‘A’ has inlet conditions of 5.6 bar, 7350C and a velocity of 170m/s. The pressure at the
discharge is 1 bar, the temperature 1820C and velocity 230m/s. Turbine ‘B’ consists of 8 stages each of
total head efficiency of 87% and total head pressure ratio of 1.25. The inlet conditions are thye same as
for turbine ‘A’. The discharge velocity is 100m/s. Which turbine delivers more shaft work?

2. Find the polytropic efficiency of a turbine using air if the initial pressure 4 bar, initial temperature
4500C, the final pressure 1.33 bar and final temperature 2770C.

3. At a stage of an impulse turbine, the mean blade diameter is 800mm, its rotational speed being 3000
rpm. The absolute velocity of fluid discharging from a nozzle inclined at 20o to the plane of the wheel is
300 m/s. If the utilization factor is 0.85 and the relevant velocity at the rotor exit equals that at the inlet,
find the inlet and exit rotor angles 1 & 2. Also find the power output from the stage for a mass flow rate
of 1.5 kg/s.

4. The velocity of steam outflow from a nozzle in a DeLavel turbine is 1200 m/s, the nozzle angle being
22o. If the rotor blades are equiangular and the rotor tangential speed is 400 m/s, compute i) angles 1 &
2 ii) the tangential force on the blade ring iii) the power output. Find also the ε

5. At the nozzle exit of a certain stage in a steam turbine, the absolute steam velocity is 300 m/s. The
rotor speed is 150 m/s at a print where the nozzle angle is 18o. If the outlet rotor blade angle is 3.5o less
than the inlet blade angle, find the power opposite from the stage, for a steam flow rate of 8.5 kg/s,
assuming Vr1 = Vr2. Find the ε. Specify how would you alter the blade design so that the utilization may
become a max. under the given circumstances.

6. At a stage in a 50% DOR axial flow turbine, running at 3000 rpm, the blade mean diameter is 685mm.
If the ε for the stage is 0.915, calculate the inlet and outlet absolute velocities V 1 & V2 for the rotor as
well as the power output for a steam flow rate of 15 kg/s.

7. A turbine stage with 50% reaction, the tangential blade speed is 98.5 m/s. The steam velocity at the
nozzle exit is 155 m/s, and the nozzle angle is 18o. Assuming symmetrical inlet & outlet velocity
triangles, compute the inlet blade angle for the rotor & the power developed by the stage, assuming a
steam flow rate of 10 kg/s.
8. Show that for maximum utilization factor of an axial flow turbine with degree of reaction R = ¼ , the
relationship of blade speed U to absolute velocity at rotor inlet V 1 should be U/V1 = 2/3 cosα1 where α1
is the nozzle angle with respect to tangential direction.

9. Find the ratio of U/V1 for conditions of maximum ε of an axial flow turbine with degree of reaction
1/5 in terms of inlet fluid angle α (nozzle angle)

8. Show that with the help of velocity triangles for maximum ε and for same amount of energy transfer in

impulse and 50% reaction axial flow turbine Ur= 2𝑈𝑖2

where Ur = blade speed for reaction turbine
Ui = blade speed for impulse turbine.

10. At a stage of an impulse turbine the mean blade diameter is 750mm, rotational speed 3500 rpm. The
absolute velocity of fluid discharging from a nozzle inclined at 20o to the plane of the wheel is 275m/s. If
the ε is 0.9 & relative velocity at the rotor exit is 0.9 times that at the inlet, find the inlet & exit rotor
angles. Also find the power output from the stage for a mass flow rate of 2 kg/s and the axial thrust on
the shaft.

11. An inward flow radial turbine has a nozzle angle α (tangential direction) and rotor blades which are
radial at entry. The radial velocity is constant & there is no whirl velocity at discharge.

2𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝛼
Show that ε= 1+𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝛼

12. The mean rotor blade speed of an axial flow turbine stage with R=0.5 is 210m/s. The steam emerges
from the nozzle inclined at 280 to the wheel plane, with a axial velocity component which is equal to the
blade speed. Find the blade angles and the ε. Find also the R to make the utilization a maximum, if the
axial velocity and the blade speed as well as the nozzle remain the same as above.

13. In stage of an impulse turbine the mean blade diameter is 80 cm, its rotational speed being
3000 rpm. The absolute velocity of the fluid discharging from a nozzle enters the wheel at 20o to
the plane of the wheel with a magnitude of 300 m/sec. The relative velocity at rotor exit equals
that at the inlet and the blade angle at exit is 33o. Determine the power output from the stage for
a mass flow rate of 10 kg/sec.

14. Combustion products approach an axial flow turbine rotor with absolute velocity of 600
m/sec and a direction of 20o from the wheel tangent, the mass flow rate is 50 kgm /sec. If the
absolute velocity at the rotor exit is axially directed and the wheel blade speed is 275 m/sec,
compute the power output. Also determine the degree of reaction.
15. The mean rotor blade speed of an axial flow turbine stage with a degree of reaction of 50% is
210 m/s. The steam emerges from the nozzle inclined at 20o to the wheel plane, with an axial –
velocity component equal to the blade speed. Assuming symmetric rules and outlet velocity
triangles, find
i) Rotor blade angles 1 and 2
ii) Utilization factor
iii) Find also the degree of reaction to make the utilization factor a maximum, if the axial
velocity and blade speed and nozzle angle remaining same.

16. Combustion products approach an axial flow turbine rotor with an absolute velocity of 600
m/sec and a direction of 20o from the wheel tangent, The tangential component of this absolute
velocity is in the same direction as the wheel velocity. The flow rate is 45 kg/s. if the absolute
velocity at the rotor exit is axially directed when the wheel blade speed is 275 m/s, evaluate the
power output. Find also the degree of reaction and utilization factor.

17. Combustion products approach an axial flow turbine rotor with absolute velocity of 600
m/sec and a direction of 20o from the wheel tangent, the mass flow rate is 40 kg/sec. If the
absolute velocity at the rotor exit is axially directed and if the wheel blade speed is 300 m/sec,
Evaluate
i) power output ii) degree reaction.

18. The mean rotor blade speed of an axial flow turbine stage with a degree of reaction of 50% is
210 m/s. The steam emerges from the nozzle inclined at 25o to the wheel plane, with an axial –
velocity component equal to the blade speed. Assuming symmetric inlet and outlet velocity
triangles, find the rotor blade angles and the utilization factor. Find also the degree of reaction to
make the utilization factor a maximum, if the axial velocity and blade speed as well as the nozzle
angle remain the same as above.

19. At the nozzle exit of a certain stage in a steam turbine, the absolute steam velocity if 300
m/sec. The rotor speed is 150 m/sec at point where the nozzle angle is 18o. If the outlet rotor
blade angle is 3.5o less than the inlet blade angle, find the power output from the stage, for a
steam flow rate of 8.5 kg/sec; assuming Vr1 = Vr2 find the utilization factor.

20. At a stage of an impulse turbine, the mean blade diameter is 75 cm and the rotational speed is
3500 rpm. The absolute velocity of fluid discharging from a nozzle inclined at 20o to the plane
of the wheel is 275 m/s. If the utilization factor is 0.9 and the relative velocity at the rotar exit is
0.9 times that at the inlet, find the inlet and exit rotor angles. Determine also the power output
and the axial thrust if the mass flow rate of the fluid is 7200kg/hr.