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STR ENG. 08-Nov-24
PAD FOUNDATION EXAMPLE
Foundation analysis in accordance with EN1997-1:2004 + A1:2013 incorporating corrigendum February 2009 and the
recommended values
Tedds calculation version 3.3.05
Pad foundation details
Length of foundation; Lx = 800 mm
Width of foundation; Ly = 600 mm
Foundation area; A = Lx Ly = 0.480 m2
Depth of foundation; h = 350 mm
Depth of soil over foundation; hsoil = 300 mm
Level of water; hwater = 0 mm
Density of water; water = 9.8 kN/m3
Density of concrete; conc = 25.0 kN/m3
69.9 kN/m2 69.9 kN/m2
69.9 kN/m2 69.9 kN/m2
Column no.1 details
Length of column; lx1 = 800 mm
Width of column; ly1 = 300 mm
position in x-direction; x1 = 400 mm
position in y-direction; y1 = 300 mm
Soil properties
Density of soil; soil = 20.0 kN/m3
Characteristic cohesion; c'k = 0 kN/m2
Characteristic effective shear resistance angle; 'k = 25 deg
Characteristic friction angle; k = 19.3 deg
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Foundation loads
Permanent surcharge load; FGsur = 5.0 kN/m2
Variable surcharge load; FQsur = 5.0 kN/m2
Self weight; Fswt = h conc = 8.8 kN/m2
Soil weight; Fsoil = hsoil soil = 6.0 kN/m2
Column no.1 loads
Permanent horizontal load in x-direction; FGx1 = 2.0 kN
Permanent horizontal load in y-direction; FGy1 = 2.0 kN
Permanent axial load; FGz1 = 8.1 kN
Variable axial load; FQz1 = 4.1 kN
Wind axial load; FWz1 = 1.0 kN
Permanent moment in x-direction; MGx1 = 0.4 kNm
Variable moment in x-direction; MQx1 = 0.1 kNm
Design approach 1
Partial factors on actions - Combination1
Partial factor set; A1
Permanent unfavourable action - Table A.3; G = 1.35
Permanent favourable action - Table A.3; Gf = 1.00
Variable unfavourable action - Table A.3; Q = 1.50
Variable favourable action - Table A.3; Qf = 0.00
Partial factors for soil parameters - Combination1
Soil factor set; M1
Angle of shearing resistance - Table A.4; ' = 1.00
Effective cohesion - Table A.4; c' = 1.00
Weight density - Table A.4; = 1.00
Partial factors for spread foundations - Combination1
Resistance factor set; R1
Bearing - Table A.5; R.v = 1.00
Sliding - Table A.5; R.h = 1.00
Bearing resistance (Section 6.5.2)
Forces on foundation
Force in x-direction; Fdx = G FGx1 = 2.7 kN
Force in y-direction; Fdy = G FGy1 = 2.7 kN
Force in z-direction; Fdz = G (A (Fswt + Fsoil + FGsur) + FGz1) + Q (A FQsur + FQz1) + Q
FWz1 = 35.0 kN
Moments on foundation
Moment in x-direction; Mdx = G (A (Fswt + Fsoil + FGsur) Lx / 2 + FGz1 x1) + G MGx1 + Q (A
FQsur Lx / 2 + FQz1 x1) + Q MQx1 + Q FWz1 x1 + (G FGx1) h =
15.6 kNm
Moment in y-direction; Mdy = G (A (Fswt + Fsoil + FGsur) Ly / 2 + FGz1 y1) + Q (A FQsur Ly /
2 + FQz1 y1) + Q FWz1 y1 + (G FGy1) h = 11.5 kNm
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Eccentricity of base reaction
Eccentricity of base reaction in x-direction; ex = Mdx / Fdz - Lx / 2 = 45 mm
Eccentricity of base reaction in y-direction; ey = Mdy / Fdz - Ly / 2 = 27 mm
Effective area of base
Effective length; L'x = Lx - 2 ex = 710 mm
Effective width; L'y = Ly - 2 ey = 546 mm
Effective area; A' = L'x L'y = 0.388 m2
Pad base pressure
Design base pressure; fdz = Fdz / A' = 90.4 kN/m2
Ultimate bearing capacity under drained conditions (Annex D.4)
Design angle of shearing resistance; 'd = atan(tan('k) / ') = 25.000 deg
Design effective cohesion; c'd = c'k / c' = 0.000 kN/m2
Effective overburden pressure; q = (h + hsoil) soil - hwater water = 13.000 kN/m2
Design effective overburden pressure; q' = q / = 13.000 kN/m2
Bearing resistance factors; Nq = Exp( tan('d)) (tan(45 deg + 'd / 2))2 = 10.662
Nc = (Nq - 1) cot('d) = 20.721
N = 2 (Nq - 1) tan('d) = 9.011
Foundation shape factors; sq = 1 + (L'y / L'x) sin('d) = 1.325
s = 1 - 0.3 (L'y / L'x) = 0.769
sc = (sq Nq - 1) / (Nq - 1) = 1.359
Load inclination factors; H = [Fdx2 + Fdy2]0.5 = 3.8 kN
my = [2 + (L'y / L'x)] / [1 + (L'y / L'x)] = 1.565
mx = [2 + (L'x / L'y)] / [1 + (L'x / L'y)] = 1.435
m = mx cos(atan(Fdy / Fdx))2 + my sin(atan(Fdy / Fdx))2 = 1.500
iq = [1 - H / (Fdz + A' c'd cot('d))]m = 0.841
i = [1 - H / (Fdz + A' c'd cot('d))]m + 1 = 0.749
ic = iq - (1 - iq) / (Nc tan('d)) = 0.825
Ultimate bearing capacity; nf = c'd Nc sc ic + q' Nq sq iq + 0.5 soil L'y N s i = 182.9
kN/m2
PASS - Ultimate bearing capacity exceeds design base pressure
Sliding resistance (Section 6.5.3)
Forces on foundation
Force in x-direction; Fdx = G FGx1 = 2.7 kN
Force in y-direction; Fdy = G FGy1 = 2.7 kN
Force in z-direction; Fdz = Gf (A (Fswt + Fsoil + FGsur) + FGz1) + Qf (A FQsur + FQz1) + Qf
FWz1 = 17.6 kN
Sliding resistance verification (Section 6.5.3)
Horizontal force on foundation H = [Fdx2 + Fdy2]0.5 = 3.8 kN
Angle to horizontal force; H = 45 deg
Design friction angle d = atan(tan(k) / ') = 19.3 deg
Passive pressure coefficient Kp = (1 + sin('d)) / (1 - sin('d)) = 2.464
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Design soil density soil' = soil / = 20 kN/m3
Passive soil resistance Fp = Gf Kp cos(d) soil' (Ly cos(H) + Lx sin(H)) h (h + 2
hsoil) / 2 = 7.7 kN
Sliding resistance (exp.6.3a) RH.d = Fdz tan(d) + Fp = 13.8 kN
H / RH.d = 0.276
PASS - Foundation is not subject to failure by sliding
Design approach 1
Partial factors on actions - Combination2
Partial factor set; A2
Permanent unfavourable action - Table A.3; G = 1.00
Permanent favourable action - Table A.3; Gf = 1.00
Variable unfavourable action - Table A.3; Q = 1.30
Variable favourable action - Table A.3; Qf = 0.00
Partial factors for soil parameters - Combination2
Soil factor set; M2
Angle of shearing resistance - Table A.4; ' = 1.25
Effective cohesion - Table A.4; c' = 1.25
Weight density - Table A.4; = 1.00
Partial factors for spread foundations - Combination2
Resistance factor set; R1
Bearing - Table A.5; R.v = 1.00
Sliding - Table A.5; R.h = 1.00
Bearing resistance (Section 6.5.2)
Forces on foundation
Force in x-direction; Fdx = G FGx1 = 2.0 kN
Force in y-direction; Fdy = G FGy1 = 2.0 kN
Force in z-direction; Fdz = G (A (Fswt + Fsoil + FGsur) + FGz1) + Q (A FQsur + FQz1) + Q
FWz1 = 27.4 kN
Moments on foundation
Moment in x-direction; Mdx = G (A (Fswt + Fsoil + FGsur) Lx / 2 + FGz1 x1) + G MGx1 + Q (A
FQsur Lx / 2 + FQz1 x1) + Q MQx1 + Q FWz1 x1 + (G FGx1) h =
12.1 kNm
Moment in y-direction; Mdy = G (A (Fswt + Fsoil + FGsur) Ly / 2 + FGz1 y1) + Q (A FQsur Ly /
2 + FQz1 y1) + Q FWz1 y1 + (G FGy1) h = 8.9 kNm
Eccentricity of base reaction
Eccentricity of base reaction in x-direction; ex = Mdx / Fdz - Lx / 2 = 43 mm
Eccentricity of base reaction in y-direction; ey = Mdy / Fdz - Ly / 2 = 26 mm
Effective area of base
Effective length; L'x = Lx - 2 ex = 713 mm
Effective width; L'y = Ly - 2 ey = 549 mm
Effective area; A' = L'x L'y = 0.391 m2
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Pad base pressure
Design base pressure; fdz = Fdz / A' = 69.9 kN/m2
Ultimate bearing capacity under drained conditions (Annex D.4)
Design angle of shearing resistance; 'd = atan(tan('k) / ') = 20.458 deg
Design effective cohesion; c'd = c'k / c' = 0.000 kN/m2
Effective overburden pressure; q = (h + hsoil) soil - hwater water = 13.000 kN/m2
Design effective overburden pressure; q' = q / = 13.000 kN/m2
Bearing resistance factors; Nq = Exp( tan('d)) (tan(45 deg + 'd / 2))2 = 6.698
Nc = (Nq - 1) cot('d) = 15.273
N = 2 (Nq - 1) tan('d) = 4.251
Foundation shape factors; sq = 1 + (L'y / L'x) sin('d) = 1.269
s = 1 - 0.3 (L'y / L'x) = 0.769
sc = (sq Nq - 1) / (Nq - 1) = 1.316
Load inclination factors; H = [Fdx2 + Fdy2]0.5 = 2.8 kN
my = [2 + (L'y / L'x)] / [1 + (L'y / L'x)] = 1.565
mx = [2 + (L'x / L'y)] / [1 + (L'x / L'y)] = 1.435
m = mx cos(atan(Fdy / Fdx))2 + my sin(atan(Fdy / Fdx))2 = 1.500
iq = [1 - H / (Fdz + A' c'd cot('d))]m = 0.849
i = [1 - H / (Fdz + A' c'd cot('d))]m + 1 = 0.761
ic = iq - (1 - iq) / (Nc tan('d)) = 0.823
Ultimate bearing capacity; nf = c'd Nc sc ic + q' Nq sq iq + 0.5 soil L'y N s i = 107.5
kN/m2
PASS - Ultimate bearing capacity exceeds design base pressure
Sliding resistance (Section 6.5.3)
Forces on foundation
Force in x-direction; Fdx = G FGx1 = 2.0 kN
Force in y-direction; Fdy = G FGy1 = 2.0 kN
Force in z-direction; Fdz = Gf (A (Fswt + Fsoil + FGsur) + FGz1) + Qf (A FQsur + FQz1) + Qf
FWz1 = 17.6 kN
Sliding resistance verification (Section 6.5.3)
Horizontal force on foundation H = [Fdx2 + Fdy2]0.5 = 2.8 kN
Angle to horizontal force; H = 45 deg
Design friction angle d = atan(tan(k) / ') = 15.651 deg
Passive pressure coefficient Kp = (1 + sin('d)) / (1 - sin('d)) = 2.075
Design soil density soil' = soil / = 20 kN/m3
Passive soil resistance Fp = Gf Kp cos(d) soil' (Ly cos(H) + Lx sin(H)) h (h + 2
hsoil) / 2 = 6.6 kN
Sliding resistance (exp.6.3a) RH.d = Fdz tan(d) + Fp = 11.5 kN
H / RH.d = 0.246
PASS - Foundation is not subject to failure by sliding
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Section Sheet no./rev.
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STR ENG. 08-Nov-24
PAD FOUNDATION EXAMPLE
Foundation design in accordance with EN1992-1-1:2004 + A1:2014 incorporating corrigenda January 2008, November
2010 and January 2014 and the recommended values
Tedds calculation version 3.3.05
Concrete details (Table 3.1 - Strength and deformation characteristics for concrete)
Concrete strength class; C20/25
Characteristic compressive cylinder strength; fck = 20 N/mm2
Characteristic compressive cube strength; fck,cube = 25 N/mm2
Mean value of compressive cylinder strength; fcm = fck + 8 N/mm2 = 28 N/mm2
Mean value of axial tensile strength; fctm = 0.3 N/mm2 (fck/ 1 N/mm2)2/3 = 2.2 N/mm2
5% fractile of axial tensile strength; fctk,0.05 = 0.7 fctm = 1.5 N/mm2
Secant modulus of elasticity of concrete; Ecm = 22 kN/mm2 [fcm/10 N/mm2]0.3 = 29962 N/mm2
Partial factor for concrete (Table 2.1N); C = 1.50
Compressive strength coefficient (cl.3.1.6(1)); cc = 1.00
Design compressive concrete strength (exp.3.15); fcd = cc fck / C = 13.3 N/mm2
[Link] [Link] plain concrete (cl.12.3.1(1)); ct,pl = 0.80
[Link] for plain concrete (exp.12.1); fctd,pl = ct,pl fctk,0.05 / C = 0.8 N/mm2
Maximum aggregate size; hagg = 20 mm
Ultimate strain - Table 3.1; cu2 = 0.0035
Shortening strain - Table 3.1; cu3 = 0.0035
Effective compression zone height factor; = 0.80
Effective strength factor; = 1.00
Bending coefficient k1; K1 = 0.44
Bending coefficient k2; K2 = 1.25 (0.6 + 0.0014/cu2) =1.25
Bending coefficient k3; K3 =0.54
Bending coefficient k4; K4 =1.25 (0.6 + 0.0014/cu2) = 1.25
Reinforcement details
Characteristic yield strength of reinforcement; fyk = 390 N/mm2
Modulus of elasticity of reinforcement; Es = 210000 N/mm2
Partial factor for reinforcing steel (Table 2.1N); S = 1.15
Design yield strength of reinforcement; fyd = fyk / S = 339 N/mm2
Nominal cover to top of foundation; cnom_t = 50 mm
Nominal cover to bottom of foundation; cnom_b = 50 mm
Nominal cover to side of foundation; cnom_s = 50 mm
Nominal cover to top reinforcement; cnom_t = 50 mm
Shear diagram, x axis (kN)
6.4
0.0
0.0
-12.3
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Moment diagram, x axis (kNm)
0.0
1.1
2.7
Shear diagram, y axis (kN)
7
0.0
0.0
-11.7
Moment diagram, y axis (kNm)
0.9 0.5
1.9
Punching shear (Section 6.4)
Strength reduction factor (exp 6.6N); v = 0.6 [1 - fck / 250 N/mm2] = 0.552
Average depth to reinforcement; d = 295 mm
Maximum punching shear resistance (cl.6.4.5(3)); [Link] = 0.4 v fcd = 2.944 N/mm2
k = min(1 + (200 mm / d), 2) = 1.823
Longitudinal reinforcement ratio (cl.6.4.4(1)); lx = [Link] / (Ly d) = 0.002
ly = [Link] / (Lx d) = 0.002
l = min((lx ly), 0.02) = 0.002
CRd,c = 0.18 / C =0.120
vmin = 0.035 N1/2/mm k3/2 fck0.5 = 0.385 N/mm2
Design punching shear resistance (exp.6.47); vRd.c = max(CRd.c k (100 N2/mm4 l fck)1/3, vmin) = 0.385 N/mm2
Design punching shear resistance at 1d (exp. 6.50); vRd.c1 = (2 d / d) vRd.c = 0.771 N/mm2
Column No.1 - Punching shear perimeter at column face
Punching shear perimeter; u0 = 1600 mm
Area within punching shear perimeter; A0 = 0.240 m2
Maximum punching shear force; [Link] = 7.6 kN
Punching shear stress factor (fig 6.21N); = 1.500
Maximum punching shear stress (exp 6.38); [Link] = [Link] / (u0 d) = 0.024 N/mm2
PASS - Maximum punching shear resistance exceeds maximum punching shear stress
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STR ENG. 08-Nov-24
10 bars @ 150 c/c bottom
10 bars @ 150 c/c top
10 bars @ 150 c/c bottom
10 bars @ 150 c/c top
