Polynomials

Case Study Based Questions

Case Study 1
Sukriti throws a ball upwards, from a rooftop which is 8 m high from ground level. The
ball reaches to some maximum height and then returns and hit the ground. If height of
the ball at time t (in sec) is represented by h(m), then equation of its path is given as
h=-t2+2t+8.

Based on the given information, solve the following questions:

Q1. The maximum height achieved by ball is:

a. 7 m
b. 8 m
c. 9 m
d. 10 m

Q2. The polynomial represented by above graph is:

a. linear polynomial
b. quadratic polynomial
c. constant polynomial
d. cubic polynomial

Q3. Time taken by ball to reach maximum height is: is given, is:
a. 2 sec
b. 4 sec
c. 1 sec
d. 2 min
Q4. Number of zeroes of the polynomial whose graph
a. 1
b. 2
c. 0
d. 3

Q5. Zeroes of the polynomial are:

a. 4
b. -2,4
c. 2,4
d. 0,4

Solutions
1. Given, h=-t²+2t+8
At t=0, h=-(0)²+2(0)+8=8
t = 1, h=-(1)²+2(1) +8=9
t=2, h=-(2)²+2(2)+8=8
t=3, h=-(3)²+2(3) +8=5
t=4, h=-(4)²+2(4)+8=0
Hence, the maximum height achieved by the ball is 9m.
So, option (c) is correct.

2. The polynomial represented by given graph is a quadratic polynomial. So, option (b) is
correct.

3. The time taken by ball to reach maximum height is 1 sec.

So, option (c) is correct.

4. The number of zeroes of the polynomial whose

graph is given, is 1. So, option (a) is correct.

5. Since, at t=4,h=0
Hence, zeroes of the polynomial is 4.
So, option (a) is correct.

Case Study 2
Asana is a body posture, originally and still a general term for a sitting meditation pose
and later extended in hatha yoga and modern yoga as exercise, to any type of pose or
position, adding reclining, standing, inverted, twisting and balancing poses. In the figure,
one can observe that poses can be related to representation of quadratic polynomial.

Based on the above information, solve the following questions:

Q1. The shape of the poses shown is:

a. spiral
b. ellipse
c. linear
d. parabola

Q2. The graph of parabola opens downward, if:

a. a≥0
b. a=0
c. a<0
d. a> 0

Q3. In the graph, how many zeroes are there for the polynomial?
a. O
b. 1
c. 2
d. 3

Q4. The quadratic polynomial of the two zeroes in the above shown graph are:
a. k(x²-2x-8)
b. k(x²+2x-8)
c. k(x²+2x+8)
d. k(x²-2x+8)

Q5. The zeroes of the quadratic polynomial

Solutions

1. The shape of the poses shown is parabola which is a plane curve, mirror symmetrical
and approximately

So, option (d) is correct.

2. If a < 0 in f(x) = ax² + bx + c, the parabola opens

downward.
So, option (c) is correct.

3. Here, the graph cuts X-axis at two distinct points

-2 and 4. Therefore, two zeroes are there for the polynomial. So, option (c) is correct.

4. In the given graph, the graph cuts X-axis at points -2 and 4, which are the zeroes of the
graph. Now, the required polynomial
= k [x² - (Sum of zeroes) x + Product of zeroes)
= k(x2-(-2+4)x+(-2x4)]
= k(x2-2x-8), where k is an arbitrary constant. So, option (a) is correct.

5. Given, polynomial = 4√3x²+5x-2√3

= 4√3x²+(8-3)x-2√3
(by splitting the middle term)
= 4√√3x²+8x-3x-2√3
=4x(√3x+2)-√(√3x+2)
=(√3x+2)(4x-√3)
For the zeroes of the polynomial,
(√3x+2)(4x-√3)=0

Case Study 3

Roller Coaster Polynomials

Polynomials are everywhere. They play a key role in the study of algebra, in analysis and
on the whole many mathematical problems involving them.

Since, polynomials are used to describe curves of various types, engineers use
polynomials to graph the curves of roller coasters. [CBSE SQP 2021 Term-1]
Based on the given information, solve the following questions:
Q1. If the Roller Coaster is represented by the following graph y= p(x), then name the
type of the polynomial it traces.

a. Linear
b. Quadratic
c. Cubic
d. Bi-quadratic

Q2. The Roller Coasters are represented by the following graphs y = p(x). Which Roller
Coaster has more than three distinct zeroes?

Q3. If the Roller Coaster is represented by the cubic polynomial t(x) = px³ + qx² + rx + s,
then which of the following is always true?
a. s #0
b. r #0
c. q#0
d. p #0
Q4. If the path traced by the Roller Coaster is represented by the following graph y = p(x),
find the number of zeroes.

a. O
b. 1
c. 2
d. 3
Q5. If the path traced by the Roller Coaster is represented by the following graph y = p(x),
find its zeroes.
a. -3, -6, -1
b. 2, -6, -1
c. -3, -1, 2
d. 3, 1, -2

Solutions
1. Since the graph of the given polynomial y = p(x) cuts the X-axis at three points. So, the
number of zeroes of the polynomial shown in the graph is three. This means the
polynomial y = p(x) is cubic. So, option (c) is correct.

2. Polynomial of graph (a) cuts the X-axis at one point.

So, the number of zero is one.
Polynomial of graph (b) cuts the X-axis at one point.
So, the number of zeroes is one.
Polynomial of graph (c) cut the X-axis at three points.
So, the number of zeroes is three.
Polynomial of graph (d) cut the X-axis at four points.
So, the number of zeroes is four.
Thus, Roller Coaster of option (d) has more than
three distinct zeroes.
So, option (d) is correct.

3. A cubic polynomial t(x) = px³ + qx²+rx+s is always true when p, q, rand s are real
numbers and p = 0.
So, option (d) is correct.

4. Since the graph of the given polynomial y= p(x) cut the X-axis at three points. So, the
number of zeroes of the polynomial shown in the graph is three. So, option (d) is correct.

5. (c)
The graph of the polynomial y = p(x), cut the X-axis at three points-3, -1 and 2, which are
also called the
zeroes of y = p(x).
So, option (c) is correct.
Case Study 4
Ramesh was asked by one of his friends Anirudh

His another friend Kavita pointed out that the polynomial obtained is not correct.
Based on the above information, solve the following questions:

Q1. Is the claim of Kavita correct?

Q2. If given polynomial is incorrect, then find the correct quadratic polynomial.
 Solutions

Yes, because value of (a + ẞ) calculated by Anirudh is incorrect.

2. Required polynomial = k(x²-(a + B)x+aẞ)

3. a²+ẞ²=(a+ẞ)2-2αẞ

Case Study 5
A group of school friends went on an expedition to see caves. One person remarked that
the entrance of the caves resembles a parabola and can be represented by a quadratic
polynomial
f(x)= ax2 + bx + c, a# 0, where a, b and c are real numbers.

Based on the given information, solve the following questions:

Q1. Draw a neat labelled figure to show above situation diagrammatically.

Q2. If one of the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial

(p-1)x² + px + 1 is 4. Find the value of p.

Q3. Find the quadratic polynomial whose zeroes are 5 and -12.

OR

If one zero of the polynomial f(x) = 5x² + 13x + m is reciprocal of the other, then find the
value of m.

Solutions
1. We have, f(x) = ax² + bx + c, a<0
It means a figure is a shape of parabola which open downwards.

2. Since, x 4 is one of the zero of the polynomial (p-1)x²+px + 1.

3. Required quadratic polynomial
= k [x² - (Sum of zeroes)x + (Product of zeroes)]
= k(x²-(-12+5)x+(-12)(5))
= k(x²+7x-60), where k is any arbitrary constant.

OR

Let the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial be α. Since, one zero of the polynomial f(x) is
reciprocal of the other.

Case Study 6
A student was given a task to prepare a graph of quadratic polynomial p(x)=-8-2x+x². To
draw this graph, he take seven values of y corresponding to different values of x. After
plotting the points on the graph paper with suitable values, he obtain the graph as
shown below.
Based on the above graph, solve the following questions:

Q1. What is the shape of graph of a quadratic polynomial?

Q2. Find the zeroes of given quadratic polynomial.

Q3. The graph of the given quadratic polynomial cut at which points on the X-axis?

OR

The graph of the given quadratic polynomial cut at which point on Y-axis?

Solutions

1. The graph of a quadratic polynomial is a parabola which open upwards.

2. The zeroes of the quadratic polynomial

p(x) = -8 -2x + x² are x-coordinates of the points where the graph intersects the X-axis.
From the given graph, -2 and 4 are the x-coordinates of the points where the graph of
p(x)=-8-2x+x² intersects the X-axis.
Hence, -2 and 4 are zeroes of p(x)=-8-2x+x².

3. The graph of the given quadratic polynomial cut

X-axis at points (-2, 0) and (4,0).

OR

The graph of the given quadratic polynomial cut

Y-axis at point (0, -8).
Case Study 8

Case Study 9
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Case Study 11

Case Study 12
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Case Study 14
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Case Study 17
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Case Study 20
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