TISSUES
1. What is a tissue?
Ans: A group of cells that are similar in structure and work together to do a peculiar function is
called tissue.
2. What is the utility of tissues in multicellular organisms?
Ans: Tissues in multicellular organisms are differentiated to perform a specific function at a
given location, a process known as division of labor. Nerve cells, for example, make up the
neurological tissue that aids in message transmission, whereas muscular cells make up the
muscle tissue and muscle tissue is a type of tissue that aids in movement.
3. Name the types of simple permanent tissues
Ans: Parenchyma, Collenchyma, and Sclerenchyma are the three forms of simple permanent
tissues. Aerenchyma and chlorenchyma are two types of parenchyma tissue.
4. Where is apical meristem found?
Ans: At the growing tips of stems and roots, the apical meristem is present.
5. Which tissue makes up the husk of coconut?
Ans: Sclerenchyma tissue which is a form of simple permanent tissue makes up the husk of the
coconut.
6. What are the constituents of phloem?
Ans: The food-conducting tissue of plants is termed as phloem. Sieve tubes, Companion cells,
Phloem parenchyma, and Phloem fibers are the four components.
7. Name the tissue responsible for movement in our body.
Ans: Muscle Tissues are responsible for movement.
8. What does a neuron look like?
Ans: A neuron is made up of three parts: the cell body, the axon, and the dendrites. Dendrites
are a significant number of extensions that stretch outward from the cell body and resemble
branches. A nucleus and other cell organelles make up the cell body. An axon is a tube-like
structure that transports an electrical impulse from the cell body to the neuron's opposite end
structures.
9. Give three features of cardiac muscles.
Ans: Features of cardiac muscles:
●They are involuntary in nature.
●They are cylindrical, branched, and uninucleate in structure.
●Throughout their lives, they exhibit cyclic contraction and relaxation.
10. What are the functions of areolar tissue?
Ans: Areolar tissue are connective tissues found in animal. It is found between skin and
muscles, around blood vessels and nerves and in the bone marrow.
It fills the space inside the organs, supports internal organs and helps in the repair of tissues.
EXERCISE
1. Define the term “tissue”.
Ans: Group of cells that are similar in structure and perform same function is called a tissue.
2. How many types of elements together make up the xylem tissue? Name them.
Ans: The xylem tissue is made up of four main elements as mentioned:
●Vessels
●Tracheids
●Xylem fibres
●Xylem parenchyma
3. How are simple tissues different from complex tissues in plants?
Ans: Simple tissues are made up of one type of cells which coordinate to perform a common
function.
Complex tissues are made up of more than one type of cells. All these coordinate to perform a
common function.
4. Differentiate between parenchyma, collenchyma and sclerenchyma on the basis of their cell
wall.
Answer: Parenchyma: The cells have thin cell walls made up of cellulose. Collenchyma: The
cells have cell walls thickened at the comers due to pectin deposition.
Sclerenchyma: Their walls are thickened due to lignin deposition.
5. What are the functions of stomata?
Answer: The outermost layer of the cell is called epidermis and is very porous. These pores are
called stomata. These stomata help in transpiration and exchange of gases.
6. Diagrammatically show the difference between the three types of muscle fibres.
Answer: Striated muscles
(1) They are connected to bones (Skeletal muscles).
(2) They are voluntary muscles.
(3) The cells are long, cylindrical with many nucleus and are unbranched.
Smooth muscles
(1) They are found in alimentary canal and lungs.
(2) They are involuntary muscles.
(3) They are spindle in shape and have single nucleus.
Cardiac muscles
(1) They are found in heart.
(2) They are involuntary in action.
(3) They are branched and have one nucleus.
7. What is the specific function of the cardiac muscle?
Answer: (1) Cardiac muscles cells are cylindrical, branched and uninucleated.
(2) They are involuntary muscles.
(3) They show rhythmically contraction and relaxation throughout life.
(4) Their rhythmic contraction and relaxation helps in pumping action of heart.
8. Differentiate between striated, unstriated and cardiac muscles on the basis of their structure
and location in the body.
Answer:
9. Draw a labelled diagram of neuron.
10. Name the following:
(1) Tissue that forms the inner lining of our mouth.
(2) Tissue that connect muscle to bone in humans.
(3) Tissue that transports food in plants.
(4) Tissue that stores fat in our body.
(5) Connective tissue with a fluid matrix.
(6) Tissue present in the brain.
Answer: (1) Squamous epithelium (2) Tendons (3) Phloem (4) Adipose tissue
(5) Blood (6) Nervous tissue
11. Identify the type of tissue in the following: Skin, bark of tree, bone, lining of kidney tubule,
vascular bundle.
Answer: (a) Skin—Striated squamous epithelium
(b) Bark of tree—Cork, protective tissue
(c) Bone—Connective tissue
(d) Lining of kidney tubule—Cuboidal epithelium tisse
(e) Vascular bundle—Conducting tissue
12. Name the regions in which parenchyma tissue is present.
Answer: In the pith of the roots and stems. When it contains chlorophyll, it is called
chlorenchyma, found in green leaves. In aquatic plants, parenchyma contains large air cavities
and help them to float. Such type of parenchyma is called aerenchyma.
13. What is the role of epidermis in plants?
Answer: Cells of epidermis forms a continuous layer without intercellular spaces. It protects all
the parts of plants.
14. How does the cork act as a protective tissue?
Answer: Cork acts as a protective tissue because its cells are dead and compactly arranged
without intercellular spaces. They have deposition of suberin on the walls that make them
impervious to gases and water.
15. Complete the table:
Answer:
