Algo Jungle
SQL Language Essentials
Data Definition Language DDL
Data Manipulation Language DML
Joseph Konka
Contents
A. Data Definition Language
1. Create table
2. Modify table
3. Remove table
B. Data Manipulation Language
1. Create record
2. Read record
3. Update record
4. Delete record
Part I
Data Definition Language
Data Definition Language
DDM consist in databases objects manipulation, create, modify and remove.
Databases objects are tables, views, functions, procedures,….
This presentation only presents how to manipulate tables:
1. Create table
2. Modify an existing table
3. Remove a table
Create table
This is the table creation syntax
CREATE TABLE <table name>
column1 type1,
column2 type2,
column3 type3
);
Note that, I first created a database.
Modify table
Rename table
ALTER TABLE <table name>
RENAME TO <new name>;
Rename column
ALTER TABLE <table name>
RENAME COLUMN <col name> TO <new name>;
Change column type
ALTER TABLE <table name>
ALTER COLUMN <col name> TYPE <new type>;
Add new column
ALTER TABLE <table name>
ADD COLUMN <col name> <col type>;
Delete column
ALTER TABLE <table name>
DROP COLUMN <col name>;
Remove table
Remove table
DROP TABLE <table name>;
Remove table if it exists
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS <table name>;
Just remove table contents
TRUNCATE <table name>;
Part II
Data Manipulation Language
Data Manipulation Language
DDL consists in manipulating records contained in a table.
1. CREATE
2. READ
3. UPDATE
4. DELETE
These different operations are commonly called CRUD.
Insert record into a table
Insert a record/row/data
INSERT INTO <table> (<col1>, <col2>)
VALUES (<value1>, <value2>);
Insert multiple records
INSERT INTO <table> (<col1>, <col2>)
VALUES (<value11>, <value12>),
(<value21>, <value22>),
(<value31>, <value32>),
(<value41>, <value42>);
Read records from a table
Read entire content
SELECT *
FROM <table name>;
Sort records
SELECT *
FROM <table name>
ORDER BY <col name>;
Filter records
SELECT *
FROM <table name>
WHERE <condition>;
Update records
Update specific records
UPDATE <table name>
SET <col name> = <new value>
WHERE <condition>;
Update multiple columns
UPDATE <table name>
SET <col1 name> = <new value1>,
<col2 name> = <new value2>
WHERE <condition>
Update all records
UPDATE <table name>
SET <col name> = <new value>;
Delete records
Delete specific record
DELETE FROM <table name>
WHERE <condition>;
Delete entire records
DELETE FROM <table name>;
This last operation can be used instaed of
TRUNCATE <table name>.
Appendix
SQL : Structured Query Language
DDL : Data Definition Language
DML : Data Manipulation Language
CRUD : Create Read Update Delete
Record : Row/Data
If you have any questions, feel free to send me message on +228 91 51 89 23.
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Joseph Konka
github.com/algojungle
[email protected]
+228 91 51 89 23
algojungle.herokuapp.com
Joseph Konka
Technical Writer at Algo Jungle
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