B TECH ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING

CODE COURSE NAME CATEGORY L T P CREDIT

EOL401 ELECTRICAL CAD PCC 0 0 3 2

Preamble: This course is expected to give the Computer Aided Drawing Skill required
for Electrical Engineers while carrying out real life electrical installations and MEP
works.

Prerequisite: Nil

Course Outcomes: After the completion of the course the student will be able to

CO 1 Apply CAD Tools to draw different views and projections of 3 Dimensional objects
CO 2 Identify the terminologies and symbols of Electrical wiring circuits
CO 3 Apply CAD Tools to draw sectional view of any electrical equipment
CO 4 Design and draw the electrical wiring for a residential building
CO 5 Design and draw the electrical wiring for a commercial building
CO 6 Design and draw the single line diagram of a simple 11/33kV substation

Mapping of course outcomes with program outcomes

PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
CO 1 2 2 2 2 2 2
CO 2 3 3 3
CO 3 3 1 3 3 3
CO 4 3 1 3 3 3 3 3
CO 5 3 2 1 3 3 3 3 3 3
CO 6 3 1 3 3 3 3 3

Course Level Assessment Questions

CO 1: Draw the elevation of the given 3D image (Apply)

CO 2: Draw the symbols and Notations used in Electrical wiring (Assignment 1)
(Understand)
CO 3: Draw the cross sectional view of the given DC/AC motor (Apply)
CO 4: Design the Wiring diagram showing the position of Main Supply Board, distribution
Board and sub-circuits suitable for the plan given of a residential building. (Create)
CO 5: Prepare the Wiring diagram showing the position of Main Supply Board, distribution
Board and sub-circuits suitable for the plan given of a commercial building. (Assignment 2)
(Evaluate)
CO 6: Prepare the wiring diagram of a substation with two incoming 11kV feeders and 3
outgoing 33kV feeders.
 B TECH ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING

Assessment Pattern

Mark distribution

Total CIE ESE ESE

Marks Duration

150 75 75 2.5 hours

Continuous Internal Evaluation Pattern:

Attendance : 15 marks
Continuous Assessment : 30 marks
Internal Test (Immediately before the second series test) : 30 marks

End Semester Examination Pattern: The following guidelines should be followed

regarding award of marks
(a) Preliminary work (Explaining the commands to be used) : 15 Marks
(b) Implementing the work (usage of tools and trouble shooting) : 35 Marks
(d) Viva voce : 10 marks
(e) Record of drawings and Assignments : 15 Marks

General instructions:
Practical examination to be conducted immediately after the second series test covering entire
syllabus given below. Evaluation is a serious process that is to be conducted under the equal
responsibility of both the internal and external examiners. The number of candidates
evaluated per day should not exceed 20. Students shall be allowed for the University
examination only on submitting the duly certified record. The external examiner shall
endorse the record.

Reference Books

1.Eddy Krygiel, Phil Read and James Vandezande, “Autodesk Official Training
Guide”, Mastering Autodesk Revit Architecture 2011
2. Autocad Electrical Quick Reference Guide
 B TECH ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING

List of Exercises/Experiments: (Lab experiments may be given considering 12

sessions of 3 hours each.)
Part A

1. Review of AutoCAD commands - Relative and polar coordinate systems for

drawing, Direct Entry Method and Ortho Mode, Circle, Offset, Trim and
Fillet,
2. Draw the plan, elevation and side view of objects by third angle projection,
Arrays to draw symmetrical and unsymmetrical objects using Layers
Assignment 1 : Terminologies, Symbols and Notations in Electrical Wiring
3. Draw the cross Sectional view of an Armature
4. Draw the cross Sectional view of a Core Type and Shell Type Transformer
5. Draw the plan, elevation and side view of DC motor by third angle projection
6. Draw the plan, elevation and side view of Induction motors (Slip Ring and
Squirrel Cage) by third angle projection
7. Draw the plan, elevation and side view of Alternators (salient Pole and
Turbo-alternators) by third angle projection
8. Draw the plan of a residential building (1BHK)

Part B
9. Draw the electrical wiring diagram of a residential building
10. Draw the electrical wiring diagram of a multi-storeyed residential building
11. Draw the electrical wiring line diagram of a commercial building
(Supermarkets)
Assignment 2: Prepare the single line diagram of a School/ College/
Hospital/ Theatre/ Office Building/ Computer Centre (Team Assignment)
12. Draw the Single Line Diagram of an 11kV/33kV Sub-Station.
 INTRODUCTION TO AUTOCAD
Computer Aided Drafting is a process of preparing a drawing of an object on the screen of a computer.
There are various types of drawings in different fields of engineering and sciences. In the fields of
mechanical or aeronautical engineering, the drawings of machine components buildings are prepared.
In the field of electrical engineering, the layouts of power distribution system are prepared. In all
fields of engineering use of computer is made for drawing and drafting.
SOFTWARE FOR CAD
Auto cad is one of the following CAD system software introduced in DEC 1982 July by Autodesk
Ltd. Sausalito, California of USA. The latest one is auto cad 2011 released in 2010.The entire auto
cad drawing created by using the old version can be read by the subsequent version
The use of CAD process provides enhanced graphics capabilities which allows any designer to
• Conceptualize his ideas
• Modify the design very easily
• Perform animation
• Make design calculations
• Use colors, fonts and other aesthetic features.
REASONS FOR IMPLEMENTING A CAD SYSTEM
1. Increases the productivity of the designer: CAD improves the productivity of the designer to
visualize the product and its component, parts and reduces the time required in synthesizing,
analyzing and documenting the design
2. Improves the quality of the design: CAD system improves the quality of the design.A CAD system
permits a more detailed engineering analysis and a larger number of design alternatives can be
investigated. The design errors are also reduced because of the greater accuracy provided by the
system
3. Improves communication: It improves the communication in design. The use of a CAD system
provides better engineering drawings, more standardization in the drawing, better documentation of
the design, few drawing errors and legibility.
4. Create data base for manufacturing: In the process of creating the documentation for these products,
much of the required data base to manufacture the products is also created.
5. Improves the efficiency of the design: It improves the efficiency of the design process and the
wastage at the design stage can be reduced

APPLICATION OF CAD:
There are various processes which can be performed by use of computer in the drafting process.
1. Automated drafting: This involves the creation of hard copy engineering drawings directly from
CAD data base. Drafting also includes features like automatic dimensioning, generation of cross –
hatched areas, scaling of the drawing and the capability to develop sectional views and enlarged views
in detail. It has ability to perform transformations of images and prepare 3D drawings like isometric
views, perspective views etc.,
2. Geometric modeling: concerned with the computer compatible mathematical description of the
geometry of an object. The mathematical description allows the image of an object to be displayed
and manipulated on a graphics terminal through signals from the CPU of the CAD system. The
software that provides geometric modeling capabilities must be designed for efficient use both by
computer and the human designer.
BENEFITS OF CAD:
The implementation of the CAD system provides variety of benefits to the industries in design and
production as given below:
1. Improved productivity in drafiting
2. Shorter preparation time for drawing
3. Reduced man power requirement
4. Customer modifications in drawing are easier
5. More efficient operation in drafting
6. Low wastage in drafting
7. Minimized transcription errors in drawing
8. Improved accuracy of drawing
9. Assistance in preparation of documentation
10. Better designs can be evolved
11. Revisions are possible
12. Colours can be used to customize the product
13. Production of orthographic projections with dimensions and tolerances
14. Hatching of all sections with different filling patterns
15. Preparation of assembly or sub assembly drawings
16. Preparation of part list
17. Machining and tolerance symbols at the required surfaces

CAD PACKAGES
Some of the commonly used packages are:
1. Auto Cad 2. Electrical Cad 3. 3DS-max 4. STADD 5. PRO-Engineer
6. IDEAS. 7. Mechanical desktop.
Basic Tools in AutoCAD

LINE:- (L)
The command is used to draw line series of line segment using Auto Cad.
There are four options for drawing a line. They are
1. Absolute Co-ordinates option.
2. Relative Co-ordinates.
3. Polar Co-ordinates.
4. Direct distance entry option

CONSTRUCTION LINE:- (XL)

• Lines that extend to infinity, such as xlines, can be used to create construction and reference
lines, and for trimming boundaries.
• Command XL
POLY LINE:- (PL)
• A polyline is a connected sequence of segments created as a single planar object. And by
 this, you can create straight line segments, arc segments, or a combination of the two.
• At least two points must be specified to use the Close option.
• Command PL
POLYGON:- (POL)
• A polygon of sides from 3 to 1024 numbers can be drawn by clicking icon polygon.
Command:- polygon enter number of sides<4>: (here specify number of side)
• Command POL
RECTANGLE:- (REC)
• With this command, you can specify the rectangle parameters (length, width, rotation) and
control the type of corners (fillet, chamfer, or square).
• Specify first corner point or [Chamfer/Elevation/Fillet/Thickness/Width]: Specify a point or
enter an option
• Command REC
ARC:- (A)
• This command is used to draw an arc by using Auto CAD.
• Command: - ARC
CIRCLE: – (C)
• This command is used to draw a circle by using Auto Cad.
• Command: - specify center point of circle for (3p/2p/Ttr (Tan tan radius))
• Located the center point by using the cursor.
• Specify radius of the circle or (diameter): (here specify the radius of circle or type D for
entering diameter.)
• Command C
ELLIPSE:- (ELI)
• By this Command we can create an ellipse.
• Defines the first axis by its two endpoints. The angle of the first axis determines the angle
of the ellipse. The first axis can define either the major or the minor axis of the ellipse.
• Command ELI
INSERT BLOCK:- (I)
• By this Command we can insert a block or drawing. Specifies the name and position of the
block or drawing to insert.
• The last block you insert during the current editing session becomes the default block for
subsequent uses of INSERT. The position of the inserted block depends on the orientation of
the UCS.
Command ELI
MAKE BLOCK:- (B)
• Block command is used to create a block of objects and we can insert in to the drawing when
it requires.
• Specifies the objects to include in the new block and whether to retain or delete the selected
objects or convert them to a block instance after you create the block.
 • Specify On-Screen :
• Prompts you to specify the objects when the dialog box is closed.
• Select Objects
• Closes the Block Definition dialog box temporarily while you select the objects for the
block. When you finish selecting objects, press Enter to redisplay the Block Definition
dialog box.
Quick Select :
• Displays the Quick Select dialog box, which defines a selection set.
Retain :
• Retains the selected objects as distinct objects in the drawing after you create the block.
Convert to Block :
• Converts the selected objects to a block instance in the drawing after you create the
block.
Delete :
• Deletes the selected objects from the drawing after you create the block.
Objects Selected :
• Displays the number of selected objects.
• Command B
POINT:- (PO)
• Point command is used to create specified points in deferent styles to the drawing
• Command PO

HATCH:- (H)
• Hatching is filling of a specified and enclosed area of a drawing with a predefine or user
define pattern.
HATCH is the command used for hatching the objects.
• Command H
TEXT:- (T)
• Text command is used for entering the related details on a drawing by using Auto Cad.
• There are two types of text command, Multiline text and Single line text.
• Command T

MODIFY TOOL BAR

ERASE :-(E)
• Erase command is used to remove the selected objects from a drawing.
COPY:-(CO)
• Copy command is used to create one or more copies of selected objects.
MIRROR:- (MI)
• Mirror command is used to create mirror image of an object or objects.
OFFSET:-(O)
• Offset command is used to create a new object ,which has shape of the object to be selected.
ARRAY:- (AR)
• Array command is used to create multiple copies of an object or objects in a rectangular or
circular pattern.
MOVE :-(M)
• Move command is used to move an object or objects from a position to any required
position,without changing their size.
ROTATE:- (RO)
• Rotate command is used to rotate an object through any specified angle about its base.
SCALE :(SC)
• Scale command is used to change the size of an object according to a scale factor. If the scale
factor is greater than one, the object is enlarged and if it is less than one, the object is in reduced
size.

TRIM:-(TR)
• Trim command is used to cut and remove any drawn line at any required point
EXTEND :-(EX)
• Extend command is used to extend an object up to the specified limit.
BREAK :-(BR)
• Break command is used to erases parts of an object between two points.
CHAMFER :-(CHA)
• Chamfer command is used to join two non-parallel lines by drawing a beveled line at a
distance.
FILLET :(F)
• Fillet command is used to join two non-parallel lines,a line and an arc ,circles, polylines with
an arc of specified radius.
EXPLODE :(X)
• Explode command is used to split compound objects like polyline,block,multiline,text etc
CODE EOL401 ELECTRICAL CAD LAB

Experiment No: 1 Date …/…/……

Review of AutoCAD commands - Relative and polar coordinate systems for

drawing, Direct Entry Method and Ortho Mode, Circle, Offset, Trim and Fillet.

AIM: - To draw the given figure to familiarize and practice basic line commands that exist in the
Auto CAD.
Requirements: -
• Auto CAD Software
• Computer Hardware

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Learning Objective:1 LINES AND POINTS

1. Describe the geometry of points and lines.

2. Describe the Cartesian Coordinate System.
3. Define and explain the terms lastpoint, absolute coordinates, and relative coordinates.
4. Apply the LINE command to draw lines using the XY Cartesian Coordinate System
using both absolute and relative coordinates.

Aim 1 -Use AUTOCAD software to draw the figure in relative coordinate method

Sl no Commands used

Steps
Specify first point: 1.75,4
Specify next point or [Undo]: @5,0
Specify next point or [Undo]: @0,2
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @-2.5,0
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @0,1.5
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @-1,1
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @-1.5,0
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: C

RESULT

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Aim 2 Use AUTOCAD software to draw the figure in relative coordinate method

Sl no Commands used

Enter the LINE command, as shown below, to draw the object shown in the figure. (Figure Step
3)

Command: L(L is the shortcut for the LINE command)

Specify first point: 7,5
Specify next point or [Undo]: @0,2
Specify next point or [Undo]: @-2,0
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @.75,1
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @-3.5,0
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @-.75,-1
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @-2,0
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @0,-2
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @1,0
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @0,.5
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @4,0
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @0,-.5
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: 7,5
(The object was closed by entering the absolute coordinate of the first point.)
Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: Command:c
Save and close the drawing.

RESULT

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Aim 3-Use AUTOCAD software to draw the waveform in polar coordinate method

Sl no Commands used

RESULT

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Aim 4- Use AUTOCAD software To draw a figure using the Absolute Coordinate system

Absolute Coordinate System

Command:Line
Specify first point:0,0
Specify next point:10,0
Specify next point:10,8
Specify next point:8,8
Specify next point:8,2
Specify next point:6,2
Specify next point:6,8
Specify next point:4,8
Specify next point:4,2
Specify next point:2,2
Specify next point:2,8
Specify next point:0,8
Specify next point:0,0 or C

RESULT-‘

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LEARNING OBJECTIVE 2- CIRCLES AND ARC

1. Describe the geometry of circles and arcs.

2. Apply the CIRCLE and ARC commands to draw circles and arcs.

AIM -5- Use AUTOCAD software To draw the given figure using the CIRCLE ,ARC and
basic commands

Steps

RESULT

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LEARNING OBJECTIVE 3- FILLET AND TRIM

Aim 6- Use AUTOCAD software to draw the given figure utilizing the FILLET
,CHAMPHER ,TRIM and basic commands

Sl no Commands used

STEPS

RESULTS

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LEARNING OBJECTIVE 4- OFFSET

1. Apply the OFFSET command to insert objects parallel to existing objects.

2. Apply the ID command to establish temporary reference locations.
3. Describe and apply the object snap mode Perpendicular.

Aim 7- Use AUTOCAD software to draw the given figure utilizing the OFFSET and other
basic commands

Sl no Commands used

STEPS

RESULTS

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LEARNING OBJECTIVE 5- CHAMPHER AND MIRROR

1. Describe tangency and explain how to locate the point of tangency.

2. Apply the champher command to construct between two drawing objects.
3. Describe how drawing objects are mirrored using mirror lines.

Aim 8- Use AUTOCAD software to draw the given figure utilizing CHAMPHER ,
MIRROR and other basic command

Sl no Commands used

STEPS

RESULTS

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Experiment No: 2 Date …/…/……

AIM: - 1. Draw the plan, elevation and side view of given objects by third
angle projection
Requirements: -
• Auto CAD Software
• Computer Hardware

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THEORY
An AutoCAD isometric drawing is a 2 dimensional drawing just like a paper drawing The first thing we
need to do is to put AutoCAD in the isometric mode. This mode is entered through the SNAP command

Orthographic Projection Drawing - A two-dimensional graphic representation of an object in which the

projecting lines are at right angles to the place of the projection. Also called orthogonal projection
■ Different Reference planes are;

– Horizontal Plane (HP)

– Vertical Plane (VP)

– Side or Profile Plane (PP)

■ Different views are;

– Front View (FV) – Projected on VP

– Top View (TV) – Projected on HP –

Side View (SV) – Projected on PP

Sl no Commands used

RESULT

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AIM: - 2. To Use Polar Arrays to draw symmetrical objects using Layers

Requirements: -
• Auto CAD Software
• Computer Hardware

Sl no Commands used

RESULT

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AIM: - 2. To Use Path Arrays to draw asymmetrical objects in 3D modelling

Requirements: -
• Auto CAD Software
• Computer Hardware

Sl no Commands used

RESULT

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Experiment No: 3 Date …/…/……

D.C. Machine Armature Winding Diagram

Aim1- Draw the developed diagram of single layer progressive lap winding for DC generator
having 18 armature slot with 2 conductor per slot and 6 poles. Show the position of the brushes,
direction of the rotation of the machine when working as a generator, and the pole positions.
THEORY

Back Pitch: The distance between top and bottom coil sides of a coil measured around the back of the
armature is called back pitch and is designated as yb. Back pitch is approximately equal to number of
coil sides per layer. Generally back pitch is an odd integer.

Front Pitch: The distance between two coil sides connected to the same commutator segment is called the
front pitch and is designated as yf

LAP WINDING
.

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CALCULATION

Number of slots (S) = 18

Number of poles (P) = 6
Conductors per slot (C) = 2
Total no of conductors =Z= 18x2 = 36
Pole pitch =Yp =Z/P = 36/6=6
Yb= Z/P +1 = 6+1 =7
Yf= Z/P – 1 = 6-1 = 5

TABLE

BACK PITCH YB=7 FRONT PITCH YF=5

1+7=8 8-5 =3
3+7=10 10-5=5
5+7=12 12-5=7
7+7=14 14-5=9
9+7=16 16-5=11
11+7=18 18-5=13
13+7=20 20-5=15
15+7=22 22-5=17
17+7=24 24-5=19
19+7=26 26-5=21
21+7=28 28-5=23
23+7=30 30-5=25
25+7=32 32-5=27
27+7=34 34-5=29
29+7=36 36-5=31
31+7=38(2) 38-5=33
33+7=40(4) 40-5=35
35+7=42(6) 42-5=37(1) STOP

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PROCEDURE

WINDING DIAGRAM

SEQUENCE DIAGRAM

RESULT

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Aim2- Draw the developed diagram of progressive WAVE winding for DC generator having 26 ARMATURE
conductor and 4 poles. Show the position of the brushes, direction of the rotation of the machine when
working as a generator, and the pole positions. Also, draw the sequence diagram

THEORY
WAVE WINDING

In wave winding, only two parallel paths are provided between the positive and negative brushes.
The finishing end of the one armature coil is connected to the starting end of the other armature coil
commutator segment at some distance apart.

BACK PITCH YB=9 FRONT PITCH YF=9

1+7=8 8+7=15
Number of pole P = 4, 15+7=22 22+7=29(3)
slots = 13 3+7=10 10+7=17
17+7=24 24+7=31(5)
No of conductors Z= 26 5+7=12 12+7=19
19+7=26 26+7=33(7)
For wave winding
7+7=14 14+7=21
(Yb + Yf)/2 = (Z ± 2)/p 21+7=28(2) 2+7=9
9+7=16 16+7=23
=(26 ± 2)/4
23+7=30(4) 4+7=11
= 7 or 6 11+7=18 18+7=25(1)
25+7=32(6) 6+7=13
Since Yb=Yf = odd no 13+7=20 20+7=27(1)
take

Yb = 7 and Yf = 7

PROCEDURE

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WINDING DIAGRAM

RESULT

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Experiment No: 4 Date …/…/……

AIM- Draw the cross Sectional view of a Core Type and Shell Type Transformer
Requirements: -
• Auto CAD Software
• Computer Hardware
THEORY
• Electrical transformer is a static electrical machine which transforms electrical power from one
circuit to another circuit, without changing the frequency. Transformer can increase or
decrease the voltage with corresponding decrease or increase in current.The basic principle
behind working of a transformer is the phenomenon of mutual induction between two windings
linked by common magnetic flux

• Depending on the shape of the magnetic core, Transformers can be categorized into the shell
type and core type.

CORE TYPE TRANSFORMER

• In core type transformer the core surrounds the windings The core of a transformer is
surrounded by winding. The three-phase transformer has three limbs and the single-phase
transformer has two limbs. The limbs are covered around by both LV and HV winding. The
LV winding is put near to the core and then the HV winding is put after LV on the same limb.

SHELL TYPE TRANSFORMER

• The shell type transformer has three limbs or legs. The central limb carries the whole of the
flux, and the side limb carries the half of the flux. Hence the width of the central limb is about
to double to that of the outer limbs.
• The primary and secondary both the windings are placed on the central limbs. The low voltage
winding is placed near the core, and the high voltage winding is placed outside the low voltage
winding

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BASIC PARTS OF A TRANSFORMER
• The basic parts of a transformer are the core, the primary winding, and the secondary winding.
Apart from these, there are various other components such as insulation, transformer oil,
cooling arrangements, protection relays, enclosure, etc present in larger transformers

MAJOR PARTS

1. CORE

• The core provides a low reluctance path for electromagnetic flux and supports the primary and
secondary windings

2. WINDING

The transformer carries two sets of winding per phase – Primary winding and secondary winding.
These winding consists of several turns of copper or aluminum conductors, insulated from each other
and the transformer core.

Insulation

Insulation is the most important part of transformers. Insulation failures can cause the most severe
damage to transformers. Insulation is required between the windings and the core, between windings,
between each turn of the winding, and between all current-carrying parts and the tank.

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CORE STEP SIZE

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Aim 1 Draw front elevation and plan of single phase 220/6600V 10 KVA core
type transformer. Main dimensions are as follows

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SECTIONAL VIEW OF SINGLE PHASE CORE TYPE TRANSFORMER

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Aim 2- Draw sectional elevation and sectional plan of a 100 KVA,2000/400 V 50 Hz single phase
shell type transformer from given data

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SECTIONAL VIEW OF SINGLE PHASE SHELL TYPE TRANSFORMER

RESULT.

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Experiment No:5 Date …/…/……

AIM 1 . Draw the front view and side view of DC motor by third angle projection

Requirements: -
• Auto CAD Software
• Computer Hardware
THEORY
DC Machines
The electrical machines deals with the energy transfer either from mechanical to electrical form or from
electrical to mechanical form, this process is called electromechanical energy conversion. An electrical
machine which converts mechanical energy into electrical energy is called an electric generator while an
electrical machine which converts electrical energy into the mechanical energy is called an electric motor.
A Dc generator is built utilizing the basic principle that emf is induced in a conductor when it cuts magnetic
lines of force. A DC motor works on the basic principle that a current carrying conductor placed in a
magnetic field experiences a force.
The main parts of DC Machine (motor or generator) are as follows:
1. Yoke
2. Pole core and pole shoes
3. Pole coil and field coil
4. Armature core
5. Armature winding or conductor
6. Commutator
7. Brushes and bearings

Yoke or magnetic frame: The outer most frame is known as

Yoke

The Yoke serves two fold as:

(a) It protects the entire machine from dust and

dirt and also provides mechanical support for the magnetic
poles.

(b) It acts as the return path for the magnetic

flux.

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2,3 POLE CORE AND POLE SHOE

POLE

POLE SHOE

4. POLE COIL AND FIELD WINDING

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7.. COMMUTATOR

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ASSEMBLY OF DC MACHINES PARTS
A. SECTIONAL VIEW OF DC MOTOR

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CODE EOL401 ELECTRICAL CAD LAB

B. SIDE VIEW OF DC MOTOR

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CODE EOL401 ELECTRICAL CAD LAB

Aim -Draw half sectional end view and front view of 50kv DC motor with main
dimensions given below

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CODE EOL401 ELECTRICAL CAD LAB

RESULT

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 CODE EOL401 ELECTRICAL CAD LAB

Experiment No:6 Date …/…/……

AIM 1 . Draw the plan, elevation and side view of Induction motors (Slip Ring and Squirrel Cage) by third
angle projection
Requirements: -
• Auto CAD Software
• Computer Hardware
THEORY

Induction motors are electric motors that use alternating current (AC), propelled by a magnetic field that
rotates. They are made up of a rotor, a stator and coils that convert electrical energy into mechanical energy
using electromagnetic induction.The construction of a single-phase induction motor is similar to the
construction of a three-phase induction motor.
Induction motor has two main parts;
• Stator
• Rotor
The rotor is separated from the stator by a small air-gap which ranges from 0.4 mm to 4 mm, depending on
the power of the motor.

Stator of Three Phase Induction Motor

• A stator is an outer, non-moving chamber in which the rotor spins. It is formed by a ring of
electromagnets designed as a cylinder to produce a rotating magnetic field.
• Copper wire wound throughout the cylinder’s interior creates magnetic poles, with one pole of each
magnet facing towards the center. When alternating current flows through these wire coils, a rotating
magnetic field of constant magnitude is produced. This rotating field induces currents in the rotor by
electromagnetic induction.

Rotor of Three Phase Induction Motor

The rotor of three phase induction motor is mounted on a shaft. It is a hollow laminated core having slots on
its outer periphery.
The winding placed in these slots (called rotor winding) may be one of the following two types:
1. Squirrel cage type Rotor
2. Wound type Rotor

SQUIRREL CAGE ROTOR

It consists of a laminated cylindrical core having parallel slots on its outer periphery. One copper or aluminum
bar is placed in each slot. All these bars are joined at each end by metal rings called end rings.
This forms a permanently short-circuited winding which is indestructible.

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WOUND ROTOR
It consists of a laminated cylindrical core and carries a 3-phase winding, similar to the one on the stator. The
rotor winding is uniformly distributed in the slots and is usually star-connected.The open ends of the rotor
winding are brought out and joined to three insulated slip rings mounted on the rotor shaft with one brush
resting on each slip ring.
The three brushes are connected to a three phase star-connected rheostat. At starting, the external resistances
are included in the rotor circuit to give a large starting torque.

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CODE EOL401 ELECTRICAL CAD LAB

Aim 1- Draw the half sectional end view of a 3 phase 415 V 5HP squirrel cage induction
motor with following dimensions

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CODE EOL401 ELECTRICAL CAD LAB

Aim2 -Draw the half sectional end view of three phase 400V 7.5 HP 1440 RPM slip ring
induction motor with following dimension

RESULT

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CODE EOL401 ELECTRICAL CAD LAB

Experiment No:7 Date …/…/……

AIM 1 . Draw the plan, elevation and side view of Alternators (salient Pole and Turbo-alternators) by third
angle projection
Requirements: -

• Auto CAD Software

• Computer Hardware
THEORY
SALIENT POLE ALTERNATOR
In this type, salient or projecting poles are mounted on a large circular steel frame which is fixed to the shaft
of the alternator as shown in Fig. (1). The individual field pole windings are connected in series in such a way
that when the field winding is energized by the d.c. exciter, adjacent poles have opposite polarities.

Low and medium-speed alternators (120-400 r.p.m.) such as those driven by diesel engines or water
turbines have salient pole type rotors due to the following reasons:
(a) The salient field poles would cause an excessive windage loss if driven at high speed and would tend
to produce noise.
(b) Salient-pole construction cannot be made strong enough to withstand the mechanical stresses to
which they may be subjected at higher speeds.
The salient pole type structure has the following special features,
• They have a large diameter and short axial length.
• The pole shoes cover about ⅔ of the pole pitch.
• Poles are laminated to reduce eddy current losses.
• These are employed with hydraulic turbines or diesel engines.

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CODE EOL401 ELECTRICAL CAD LAB

Turbo alternator
• The alternator which coupled directly to the steam turbines are called turbo-alternator .The turbine
converts heat energy in the steam into mechanical work and the alternator converts mechanical energy
into electrical energy .The bulk power is generated by three phase turbo alternators at frequency 50
Hz.Turbo alternators are cylindrical pole machines having synchronous speeds 3000 rpm (tow pole
machines) or 1500 rpm (for four pole machines )

Rotor Construction in Turbo Alternators

The rotor of turbo alternator is made from solid forging of alloy steel in order to make it mechanically
resistant. The rotor is of non-salient pole construction. The surface is milled, forming the slots. In
practice two-third of surface is kept slotted while rest is kept unslotted. The coils employed are of
concentric multi-turn type.

Stator Construction in Turbo Alternators

The core is made of segmental laminations. Slots, ventilation holes and key holes are punched together.
The stator windings are three phase doubler layer and short pitched coils that are placed in slots on
stator. The core is made of segmental laminations. Slots, ventilation holes and key holes are punched
together. The stator windings are three phase doubler layer and short pitched coils that are placed in
slots on stator.

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CODE EOL401 ELECTRICAL CAD LAB

• AIM 1-

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CODE EOL401 ELECTRICAL CAD LAB
AIM 2 DRAW THE HALF SECTIONL VIEW OF TURBO ALTERNATOR

RESULT

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CODE EOL401 ELECTRICAL CAD LAB

Experiment No:8 Date …/…/……

AIM 1 . Draw the plan of a residential 1BHK building

Requirements: -
• Auto CAD Software
• Computer Hardware
Commands used:
Limits, ortho, offset, line, zoom, move, trim, extend, hatch, dimension, text etc.

THEORY
Plan: Plan of building represents a horizontal section of building at given height seen from top. It is a general
conventional to imagine that the building has been cut down by a horizontal plane at the sill level of the window and
is seen from the top after removal of so cutpart. The plan shows the arrangement of rooms, varandah or corrider,
position of door, and window and other openings along with their respective sizes. The dimension of the room
indicated as Breath x Length In the case of Varandah’s, the given dimension upto the end of Varandah retaining wall
and the position of beams, sunshades, portico, ventilators which are above sill level of window are shown with dotted
or broken lines.

The plan should be drawn at the bottom portion on left side of drawing sheet. To start with, extreme left hand corner
of the building should be taken and thickness of walls, length of walls along length wise (vertical lines) and breadth
wise (horizontal lines) shall be drawn with a light pencil in order to complete in all respects by drawing cross-walls to
show the position of doors, windows etc. Dimensions are shown in each room, width of wall etc and plan can obtained
by accurate with sharp pencil line

PROCEDURE:

• The limits are set before starting the drawing. The lower left corner is set as default (0.0000, 0.0000). The
upper right corner is changed as per our requirements.
• By using units command, we set the types as decimal, precision as 0.0000 and units to scale as FEET.
• Zoom command is used after the limits command.
• Draw the outline of the plan using line command
• Create the Blocks for window and door using Block command
• Using offset commands walls are created
• Insert the Blocks for door and Windows at required place.
• Text is added using Mtext and Dimension commands.
• Hard copy of the drawing is obtained with help of plot command.

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AIM -TO DRAW THE PLAN OF 1BHK RESIDENTIAL BUILDING WHICH INCLUDE 1BEDROOM,
DINING ROOM ,KITCHEN,CARPORCH,VERANDAH,TOILET,MAIN HALL
PLOT SIZE 32 X 28 FEET, HOUSE PLAN TO BE WITHIN 700 SQFT

RESULT

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CODE EOL401 ELECTRICAL CAD LAB

Experiment No:9 Date …/…/……

AIM 1 . Draw the electrical wiring diagram of a residential building

Requirements: -
• Auto CAD Software
• Computer Hardware
THEORY
The electrical plan is sometimes called as electrical drawing or wiring diagram. It is a type of technical
drawing that delivers visual representation and describes circuits and electrical systems. It consists of
electrical symbols and lines that showcase the engineer's electrical design to its clients. In short, an electrical
plan describes the position of all the electrical apparatus.

An electrical drawing may include all of these essential details described below:
• Interconnection of electrical wires and other parts of the system
• Connection of different components and fixtures to the system
• Power lines with details such as size, voltage, rating, and capacity
• Power transformers and also their winding connections
• The main switches, tiebreaker, and fused switches
• Other essential equipment such as solar panels, batteries, generators, air conditioning, and so on.
Purposes of Electrical Plan
• These drawings are vital for documenting, communicating information, and troubleshooting your
power systems on-site.
• Accurate and updated drawings keep your building in compliance with all the code regulations.
• A plan encompasses all aspects. It focuses on areas such as lighting, electronics, appliances, etc.
• It also considers the structure of the building. For example, if a building has railings, stairs, or any
other components, modifications will be made accordingly.
• It is a thorough planning tool because it gives an in-depth view of your building's electrical and
wiring system.
• It helps to distribute power to various appliances and equipment through accurate operation and
installation of elements.

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CODE EOL401 ELECTRICAL CAD LAB

LEGENDS IN DRAWING

Creating a legend in AutoCAD can help you to better organize your drawing and make it easier
to read and understand. Here are the steps for creating a legend in AutoCAD:
Here are some steps to create an efficient and clear legend in AutoCAD:

1. Determine the objects to be included: Identify the objects or elements that need to be included in
the legend. These may include different types of lines, shapes, or symbols.
2. Create the legend: Use AutoCAD's text, shape, and line tools to create the legend. Use a separate
layer for the legend to keep it organized and easily editable.
3. Use clear and concise labels: Use short, clear labels to identify each object in the legend. Avoid
using acronyms or overly technical language that may be difficult to understand.
4. Organize the legend: Group related objects together in the legend and use consistent formatting to
make it easy to read and understand.
5. Include a title: Use a clear and descriptive title for the legend that identifies its purpose and
contents.
6. Add a border or background: Adding a border or background to the legend can help to visually
separate it from the rest of the drawing and make it more prominent.
7. Keep it up-to-date: As changes are made to the drawing, update the legend to ensure that it
accurately reflects the current contents of the drawing.

EXAMPLES

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CODE EOL401 ELECTRICAL CAD LAB

PROCEDURE
1.Create a New Drawing
Launch AutoCAD and start a new drawing. You can do this by clicking on “New” or “File” > “New” in the
menu.
2. Set the Drawing Units
It’s essential to set the drawing units to match the scale of your project. To do this, type “UNITS” in the
command line and select the desired unit type (e.g., inches, millimeters). This step ensures your drawings are
accurately scaled.
3. Draw the House Plan
Begin by drawing a floor plan of your house. You can use AutoCAD’s various drawing tools, such as lines,
rectangles, and circles, to represent the walls, doors, and windows. Ensure that your house plan or autocad
house electrical plan is to scale to position electrical components accurately.

4. Add Layers
Layers help you organize your drawing and separate different components. Create separate layers for your
house plan, electrical wiring, outlets, switches, and lighting fixtures. This makes it easier to work on specific
parts of your electrical drawing.
5. Insert Symbols
AutoCAD provides a vast library of electrical symbols and blocks. These include symbols for outlets,
switches, lights, and more. Insert these symbols into your drawing using the “Insert” command. Please pay
attention to the scale when inserting symbols, as it should match your drawing units.

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CODE EOL401 ELECTRICAL CAD LAB
6.Connect the Dots
Now, it’s time to connect your electrical components. Use lines and polylines to draw wiring pathways from
the electrical symbols to the electrical panel. Ensure to follow the correct electrical conventions, such as using
dashed lines to represent hidden wires.
7. Annotate and Label
Accurate labeling is crucial in electrical drawings. Use text to label your symbols, switches, outlets, and other
components. AutoCAD allows you to control text styles and sizes, making it easy to create clear and readable
labels.
8. Create a Legend
Including a legend in your electrical drawing is helpful for anyone working with the electrical system. The
legend should explain the meaning of symbols and any special notations used in your drawing.

9. Check for Errors

Before finalizing your electrical drawing, review it thoroughly for any errors or omissions. Ensure all
components are correctly connected and the drawing is straightforward.
10. Save and Share
Once you are satisfied with your electrical drawing, save your work. It’s a good practice to save different
versions of your drawing as you progress. You can also export your drawing in different formats to share with
electricians, contractors or for permit applications.
Tips for Making Electrical Plans
1. Think About Furniture Placement
Planning about how you are going to set your furniture is essential because you will have an idea where you
are going to place your light switches and electrical outlets. Most people make this mistake, and they end up
placing them at awkward places.
2. Plan for Additional Outlets
Renovating can drain a considerable amount of money. Let's say you want to purchase side table lamps,
kitchen ceiling lights, etc. You may not buy this now, but maybe after a few months or a year later. Having
these additional electrical outlets will save you from a lot of mess. Thereby, it is crucial to plan for other
appliances now.
3. Utilize Different Types of Lights
Make sure to utilize different lighting types to illuminate your house adequately, such as accent lighting,
ambient lighting, and task lighting.

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CODE EOL401 ELECTRICAL CAD LAB

AIM -DRAW ELECTRICAL WIRING OF 1 BHK RESIDENTIAL HOUSE INCLUDING

APPROPRIATE FURNITURE POSITIONS

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CODE EOL401 ELECTRICAL CAD LAB

RESULT

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CODE EOL401 ELECTRICAL CAD LAB

Experiment No:9 Date …/…/……

AIM 1 Draw the electrical wiring diagram of a multi-storeyed residential building

Requirements: -
• Auto CAD Software
• Computer Hardware
THEORY
The electrical plan is sometimes called as electrical drawing or wiring diagram. It is a type of technical
drawing that delivers visual representation and describes circuits and electrical systems. It consists of
electrical symbols and lines that showcase the engineer's electrical design to its clients. In short, an electrical
plan describes the position of all the electrical apparatus.

An electrical drawing may include all of these essential details described below:
• Interconnection of electrical wires and other parts of the system
• Connection of different components and fixtures to the system
• Power lines with details such as size, voltage, rating, and capacity
• Power transformers and also their winding connections
• The main switches, tiebreaker, and fused switches
• Other essential equipment such as solar panels, batteries, generators, air conditioning, and so on.
Purposes of Electrical Plan
• These drawings are vital for documenting, communicating information, and troubleshooting your
power systems on-site.
• Accurate and updated drawings keep your building in compliance with all the code regulations.
• A plan encompasses all aspects. It focuses on areas such as lighting, electronics, appliances, etc.
• It also considers the structure of the building. For example, if a building has railings, stairs, or any
other components, modifications will be made accordingly.
• It is a thorough planning tool because it gives an in-depth view of your building's electrical and
wiring system.
• It helps to distribute power to various appliances and equipment through accurate operation and
installation of elements.

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CODE EOL401 ELECTRICAL CAD LAB

LEGENDS IN DRAWING

Creating a legend in AutoCAD can help you to better organize your drawing and make it easier
to read and understand. Here are the steps for creating a legend in AutoCAD:
Here are some steps to create an efficient and clear legend in AutoCAD:

1. Determine the objects to be included: Identify the objects or elements that need to be included in
the legend. These may include different types of lines, shapes, or symbols.
2. Create the legend: Use AutoCAD's text, shape, and line tools to create the legend. Use a separate
layer for the legend to keep it organized and easily editable.
3. Use clear and concise labels: Use short, clear labels to identify each object in the legend. Avoid
using acronyms or overly technical language that may be difficult to understand.
4. Organize the legend: Group related objects together in the legend and use consistent formatting to
make it easy to read and understand.
5. Include a title: Use a clear and descriptive title for the legend that identifies its purpose and
contents.
6. Add a border or background: Adding a border or background to the legend can help to visually
separate it from the rest of the drawing and make it more prominent.
7. Keep it up-to-date: As changes are made to the drawing, update the legend to ensure that it
accurately reflects the current contents of the drawing.

EXAMPLES

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CODE EOL401 ELECTRICAL CAD LAB

PROCEDURE
1.Create a New Drawing
Launch AutoCAD and start a new drawing. You can do this by clicking on “New” or “File” > “New” in the
menu.
2. Set the Drawing Units
It’s essential to set the drawing units to match the scale of your project. To do this, type “UNITS” in the
command line and select the desired unit type (e.g., inches, millimeters). This step ensures your drawings are
accurately scaled.
3. Draw the House Plan
Begin by drawing a floor plan of your house. You can use AutoCAD’s various drawing tools, such as lines,
rectangles, and circles, to represent the walls, doors, and windows. Ensure that your house plan or autocad
house electrical plan is to scale to position electrical components accurately.

4. Add Layers
Layers help you organize your drawing and separate different components. Create separate layers for your
house plan, electrical wiring, outlets, switches, and lighting fixtures. This makes it easier to work on specific
parts of your electrical drawing.
5. Insert Symbols
AutoCAD provides a vast library of electrical symbols and blocks. These include symbols for outlets,
switches, lights, and more. Insert these symbols into your drawing using the “Insert” command. Please pay
attention to the scale when inserting symbols, as it should match your drawing units.

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CODE EOL401 ELECTRICAL CAD LAB
6.Connect the Dots
Now, it’s time to connect your electrical components. Use lines and polylines to draw wiring pathways from
the electrical symbols to the electrical panel. Ensure to follow the correct electrical conventions, such as using
dashed lines to represent hidden wires.
7. Annotate and Label
Accurate labeling is crucial in electrical drawings. Use text to label your symbols, switches, outlets, and other
components. AutoCAD allows you to control text styles and sizes, making it easy to create clear and readable
labels.
8. Create a Legend
Including a legend in your electrical drawing is helpful for anyone working with the electrical system. The
legend should explain the meaning of symbols and any special notations used in your drawing.

9. Check for Errors

Before finalizing your electrical drawing, review it thoroughly for any errors or omissions. Ensure all
components are correctly connected and the drawing is straightforward.
10. Save and Share
Once you are satisfied with your electrical drawing, save your work. It’s a good practice to save different
versions of your drawing as you progress. You can also export your drawing in different formats to share with
electricians, contractors or for permit applications.
Tips for Making Electrical Plans
1. Think About Furniture Placement
Planning about how you are going to set your furniture is essential because you will have an idea where you
are going to place your light switches and electrical outlets. Most people make this mistake, and they end up
placing them at awkward places.
2. Plan for Additional Outlets
Renovating can drain a considerable amount of money. Let's say you want to purchase side table lamps,
kitchen ceiling lights, etc. You may not buy this now, but maybe after a few months or a year later. Having
these additional electrical outlets will save you from a lot of mess. Thereby, it is crucial to plan for other
appliances now.
3. Utilize Different Types of Lights
Make sure to utilize different lighting types to illuminate your house adequately, such as accent lighting,
ambient lighting, and task lighting.

ELECTRICAL & COMPUTER ENGINEERING TIST

CODE EOL401 ELECTRICAL CAD LAB

AIM -DRAW ELECTRICAL WIRING OF TWO STOREY RESIDENTIAL HOUSE INCLUDING

APPROPRIATE FURNITURE POSITIONS FOR GIVEN PLAN

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CODE EOL401 ELECTRICAL CAD LAB

RESULT

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CODE EOL401 ELECTRICAL CAD LAB

Experiment No:11 Date …/…/……

AIM 1 Draw the electrical wiring line diagram of a commercial building (Supermarkets)

Requirements: -
• Auto CAD Software
• Computer Hardware
THEORY
The objective of a functional supermarket design is to optimize the organization of interior spaces so as to
maximize sales. The interior of the room has been designed to create a “U” shaped path, to allow the customer
to view as many products as possible. For this reason, the entrance and exit are on the same side.Trolleys are
located at the entrance in a special space.
Autocad drawing of a Super Market design with the dedicated placement of modular fixtures, Quantity,
Billing Section, Separate Meat Section, Office Area, Washrooms, etc. The drawing contains complete Interior
Design Details in terms of Layout plan, RCP, Lighting Plan, Power Layout Plan, Circuit layout, HVAC layout,
CCTV & Fire Layout, Public Address (PA) System, Fixtures Legend, and other legends
CALCULATE TOTAL LUMENS NEEDED

The Lumen Method –

1. Determine room size by square footage. Multiply the length times the width of the room to get the
room square footage. For example, if the room is 10 feet wide and 10 feet long, the room square
footage will be 100 square feet.

2. Establish the footcandle requirement for application.

Lighting requirements vary depending on the type of room being lit, also known as the application.
For example, a bathroom or kitchen will require more footcandles than a living room or bedroom.
Once you establish the intended use of your space, browse this footcandle chart for the IES-
recommended footcandle requirement for your application.

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3. Calculate lumens (ExA) For example, a 100 square-foot living room, which needs 20 foot-candles,
will need 2,000 lumens. A 100 square-foot dining room, which needs 40 foot-candles, will require
4,000 lumens.
4. Find lamp lumen output F

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CODE EOL401 ELECTRICAL CAD LAB
CALCULATE NUMBER OF LAMPS

Example

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CODE EOL401 ELECTRICAL CAD LAB

AIM -DRAW ELECTRICAL WIRING OF SUPER MARKET INCLUDING APPROPRIATE

RACK,STORAGE AND COUNTER POSITIONS FOR GIVEN PLAN

RESULT

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CODE EOL401 ELECTRICAL CAD LAB

Experiment No:12 Date …/…/……

AIM 1 Draw the Single Line Diagram of an 33kV/11kV Sub-Station.

Requirements: -
• Auto CAD Software
• Computer Hardware
THEORY
Single Line Diagram of Substation
Substation provides the energy supply for the local area in which the line is located. The main function of the
substation is to collect the energy transmitted at high voltage from the generating station and then reduce the
voltage to an appropriate value for local distribution and gives facilities for switching.
The substation has an additional function like they provide points where safety devices may be installed to
disconnect equipment or circuit in the event of the fault. The synchronous condenser is placed at the end of
the transmission line for improving the power factor
Main Components of 11kV Substation
The working of the electrical equipment used in the substation is explained below in details.
Isolator – The isolator connects or disconnects the incoming circuit when the supply is already interrupted. It
is also used for breaking the charging current of the transmission line. The isolator is placed on the supply
side of the circuit breaker so that the circuit breaker isolated from the live parts of the maintenance.
Lightning Arrester – The lightning arrester is a protective device which protects the system from lightning
effects. It has two terminals one is high voltage and the other is the ground voltage. The high voltage terminal
is connected to the transmission line and the ground terminal passes the high voltage surges to earth.
CT Metering – The metering CT measure and records the current when their secondary terminal is connected
to the metering equipment panel.
Step-down Transformer – The step-down transformer converts the high voltage current into the low voltage
current.
Capacitor Bank – The capacitor bank consists series or parallel connection of the capacitor. The main function
of the capacitor bank is to improve the power factor of the line. It draws the leading current to the line by
reducing the reactive component of the circuit.
Circuit Breaker – The circuit breaker interrupts the abnormal or faults current to flow through the line. It is
the type of electrical switch which open or closes the contacts when the fault occurs in the system.
The outgoing feeder supplies the input power to the consumer end.

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RESULT

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Assignment 1 : Terminologies, Symbols and Notations in Electrical Wiring
Electrical wiring symbols are graphical representations of various components, devices, and connections
used in electrical schematics and diagrams. They help electricians, engineers, and technicians
communicate and understand complex electrical systems, ensuring accurate installations, repairs, and
designs.

Circuit Symbols and Names for Wires

Circuit Symbols and Names for Switches

Circuit Symbols and Names for Power Supplies:

Circuit Symbols and Names for Resistors:
Circuit Symbols and Names for Capacitors:
Circuit Symbols and Names for Diodes:
Circuit Symbols and Names for Meters:
Circuit Symbols and Names for Audio Devices

Circuit Symbols and Names for Miscellaneous

Components: