MATHEMATICS / X / 2021 – 22

STATISTICS
SYLLABUS
Mean , Median& Mode of grouped data
Mean by Direct Method & Assumed Mean Method
DELETED TOPICS
Step deviation method for finding the mean& Cumulative Frequency Graph
MIND MAP

ARITHMETIC MEAN
∑
 Direct Method 𝑥̅ = ∑
∑
 Assumed Mean Method 𝑥̅ = 𝑎 + ∑
MODE
COMPUTATION OF MODE FOR A CONTINOUS FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION
Algorithm
1. Obtain the continuous frequency distribution

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2. Determine the class of maximum frequency either by inspection or by grouping

method
3. This class is called the modal class
4. Obtain the values of the following from the frequency distribution table
𝑙 = 𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑙𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑚𝑜𝑑𝑎𝑙 𝑐𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑠
𝑓 = 𝑓𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑚𝑜𝑑𝑎𝑙 𝑐𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑠
ℎ = 𝑤𝑖𝑑𝑡ℎ(𝑠𝑖𝑧𝑒) of the modal class
𝑓 = 𝑓𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑚𝑜𝑑𝑎𝑙 𝑐𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑠
𝑓 = 𝑓𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑓𝑜𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑚𝑜𝑑𝑎𝑙 class

Mode = 𝑙 + ℎ

MEDIAN OF GROUPED DATA

Algorithm
1. Obtain the frequency distribution
2. Prepare the cumulative frequency column
3. Obtain n = (∑ 𝑓 ) and
4. See the cumulative frequency just greater than (nearer to) and determine the
corresponding class. This class is known as median class
5. Obtain the values of the following from the frequency distribution table
𝑙 = 𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑙𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑚𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑛 𝑐𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑠
𝑓 = 𝑓𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑚𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑛 𝑐𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑠
ℎ = 𝑤𝑖𝑑𝑡ℎ(𝑠𝑖𝑧𝑒) 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑚𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑛 𝑐𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑠
𝑐𝑓 = 𝑐𝑢𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑓𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑚𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑛 𝑐𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑠
Substitute the values in the following formula

𝑀𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑛 = 𝑙 + h

THE EMPIRICAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE THREE MEASURES OF CENTRAL

TENDENCY

𝟑 𝒎𝒆𝒅𝒊𝒂𝒏 = 𝒎𝒐𝒅𝒆 + 𝟐 𝒎𝒆𝒂𝒏

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Short Answer Questions

SECTION A (2 mark questions)
Q1. Find the mean of the following distribution using assumed mean method

Class 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50

Frequency 7 12 13 10 8

Q2. The mean and median of 100 observations are 50 and 52 respectively. The value of the
largest observation is 100. It was later found that it is 110 not 100. Find the true mean
and median.
Q3. From the following distribution, find the lower limit of the median class

Class interval 85-89 90-94 95-99 100-104 105-109

Frequency 10 12 11 5 30

Q4. Find the unknown values in the following table.

Class Interval Frequency Cumulative

Frequency
0-10 5 5
10-20 7 𝑎
20-30 𝑏 18
30-40 5 𝐶
40-50 𝑑 30

Q5. For the following distribution find the modal class

Marks Numberof Students

Below 10 3
Below 20 12
Below 30 27
Below 40 57
Below 50 75
Below 60 80

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Q6. Find the value of 𝑝, if the arithmetic mean of the following distribution is 25

CI 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50

F 5 8 15 𝑃 6

Q7. Find the mode of the following data

CI 1-3 3-5 5-7 7-9 9-11

F 7 8 2 2 1

Q8. Find 𝑥̅ , if 𝑑 = 𝑥 − 25 ; ∑ 𝑓 𝑑 = 20 ; ∑ 𝑓 = 100

Q9. Find mode, using an empirical relation, when it is given that mean and median are 10.5
and 9.6 respectively
Q10. Change the following distribution in to a ‘𝑚𝑜𝑟𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑛 𝑡𝑦𝑝𝑒′ distribution table

Classes 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70

Frequency 5 15 20 23 17 11 9

Q11. The frequency distribution table showing daily income of 100 workers of a factory is
given below. Convert this table to a frequency distribution table of ‘ 𝑙𝑒𝑠𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑛 𝑡𝑦𝑝𝑒 ’.

Daily income (₹) 200-300 300-400 400-500 500-600 600-700

No of workers 12 18 35 20 15

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

SECTION B (3 MARK QUESTIONS)
Q1. Daily wages of a factory workers are recorded as follows. Find the mode of the given
distribution

Daily wages 131-136 137-142 143-148 149-154 155-160

No of workers 5 27 20 18 12

Q2. Find the median of the following distribution

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Marks obtained 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60

Number of Students 8 10 12 22 30 18

Q3. The median of the following data is 525. Find the missing frequency 𝑥
CLASS FREQUENCY
0-100 2
100-200 5
200-300 x
300-400 12
400-500 17
500-600 20
600-700 15
700-800 9
800-900 7
900-1000 4

Q4. The following data gives the information on the observed life times (in hours) of
150 electrical components. Find the mode of the distribution

Life time (in hours) 0-20 20-40 40-60 60-80 80-100

Frequency 15 10 35 50 40

Q5. Determine the missing frequency 𝑥, from the following data, when mode is 67.
Class 40-50 50-60 60-70 70-80 80-90
Frequency 5 𝑥 15 12 7

Q6. The lengths of 40 leaves of a plant are measured correct to the nearest millimetre and
the data obtained is represented in the following table. Find the median length of the
leaves

Length of leaf in (mm) No of leaves

118-126 3
127-135 5
136-144 9

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145-153 12
154-162 5
163-171 4
172-180 2
Q7. The mean of the following distribution is 48 and the sum of all frequencies is 50. Find
the missing frequencies.

Class 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70

Frequency 8 6 𝑥 11 𝑦

Q8. Find the mean of the following distribution by appropriate method

Class 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70

Frequency 25 40 42 33 10

LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS

SECTION C ( 4 MARK QUESTIONS

Q1. If the median of the data is 32.5, find the value of 𝑥 and 𝑦

Class 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70 Total

Frequency 𝑥 5 9 12 𝑦 3 2 40
Q2. Find the median of the following data

Class Less Less Less Less Less Less Less Less

than 10 than 30 than than than than than than
50 70 90 110 130 150
Frequency 0 10 25 43 65 87 96 100

Q3. The median of the following data is 50. Find the values of 𝑝 and 𝑞 if sum of all
frequencies is 90 .

Mark 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70 70-80 80-90

Frequency 𝑝 15 25 20 𝑞 8 10

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Q4. The table below shows the salaries of 280 persons.

Calculate the median and mode of the given data

SALARY Number of
(In thousand Rupees ) Persons
5-10 49
10 -15 133
15-20 63
20-25 15
25-30 6
30-35 7
35-40 4
40-45 2
45-50 1

Q5. In the following frequency distribution. the frequency of a class interval is missing. It
is known that the mean of the distribution is 52. Find the missing frequency X.
Wages (in 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70 70-80
Rs)
Frequency 5 3 4 X 2 6 13

Q6. The daily wages of 110 workers, obtained in a survey are tabulated below. Compute the
mean daily wages and modal daily wages of these workers.

Daily 100- 120- 140- 160- 180- 200- 220-

wages(₹) 120 140 160 180 200 220 240
No.of 10 15 20 22 18 12 13
workers

Q7. Find the median of the following data, if the total frequency is 400
Class 50-52 53-55 56-58 59-61 62-64
Frequency 15 110 135 115 25

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CASE STUDY QUESTIONS

CASE STUDY I
Q8. A group of students decided to make a project on statistics. They are collecting
the heights (in cm) of 51 girls of class X A, B, C of their school. After collecting the
data, they arranged the data in the following less than cumulative frequency
distribution table form:

Height (in cm) No of girls

Less than 140 4
Less than 145 11
Less than 150 29
Less than 155 40
Less than 160 46
Less than 165 51

ANSWER THE QUESTIONS BASED ON THE ABOVE INFORMATION

1. What is the mean of lower limits of median and modal class?
2. Calculate Median of the above data

CASE STUDY II
Q9. The following tables shows the age distribution of case admitted during a day in two
different hospitals

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Table 1
Age (in years) 5-15 15-25 25-35 35-45 45-55 55-65
No. of cases 6 11 21 23 14 5

Table 2
Age (in years) 5-15 15-25 25-35 35-45 45-55 55-65
No. of cases 8 16 10 42 24 12

Based on the above data answer the following questions

1. From table 1, find mean of the given data
2. From table 2, find mode of the given data

CASE STUDY III

Q10. Stopwatch was used to find the time that it took a group of students to run 100m

Time (in sec) 0-20 20-40 40-60 60-80 80-100

No.of students 8 10 13 6 3

Answer the following Questions

1) Estimate the mean time taken by a student to finish the race
2) Find the Sum of upper limits of median class and modal class.

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ANSWER KEY

SECTION A SECTION B SECTION C

1 25 1 Mode=141.05 1 𝑥 = 3,𝑦 = 6
2 Mean=50.10 2 Median = 39.09 2 Median = 76.36
Median = 52
3 Lower limit of 3 x=9 3 𝑝 = 5, 𝑞 = 7
median class = 99.5
4 a=12 , b=6, c=23,d=7 4 Mode = 72 4 Median=13421
mode = 12727
5 Modal class = 30 -40 5 x=3 5 x=7
6 𝑝=6 6 Median = 146.75 6 Mean=170.18
mode= 166.67
7 Mode= 3.28 7 𝑥 = 12 , 𝑦 = 13 7 median = 57.16
8 𝑥̅ = 25.2 8 Mean = 42.5 8 a ) 145 ,
b) 149.03
9 Mode = 7.8 9 a ) 35.37 ,
b) 41.4
10 more than 0 100 10 a) 43 seconds,
more than10 95 b) 120
more than 20 80

more than 30 60
more than 40 37
more than 50 20
more than 60 9

11 Less than 300 12

Less than 400
30
Less than 500
65
Less than 600
85
Less than 700
100

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