winds and storms
wind:wind is the motion of air along the surface of the earth . wind cannot be
seen. the main features of the weather system that affect both land
and sea and the plants and animals living in them are winds and precipitation.
caused: winds are caused by convention currents which are caused by the heat of the
sun. powerful storms such as thunderstorms , hurricanes,and tornadoes
are generated when waem and light air rises quickly into higher and colder levels
in the atmos
tphere. each type of storms forms under specific conditions.
severe storms can be divided into two types -
thunderstorms and land gales.
The wind speed averages from 8 to 24km/h.
air pressure: The force exerted on the pressure exerted by the weight of air above
it as gravity pulls it towards the earth is called atmotpheric pressure.
atmotpheric pressure depends upon the density of air. Air pressure decreases
rapidly with height reducing to its half for about 5.5 km increase in altitude.
*large regions in the atmostphere that have higher atmostphere pressure than the
surroundings are called high pressure area.
*regions with lower atmostpheric pressure than the surroundings are called low
pressure areas.
*cause of movement of air:air moves from high pressure area to low pressure area.
*barometer is an instrument to measure the atmostpheric pressure and the SI unit of
pressure is pascal[pa]..........
EXAMPLES - #FLYING OF KITE , RIDING A BICYCLE etc.
According to DANIEL BERNOULLI high speed winds results in reduced air
pressure ,this can be explained by one daily life example as the high speed winds
may blow the roof of a house. this is because when the high speed air blows over
the roof. the air pressure under the roofs is higher than over the roof. the
air pressure under the roof rip the roof away with the wind. the bernoulli
principsl states that" THE PRESSURE IN A FLUID DECREASES AS THE SPEED OF
THE FLUID INCREASES.''
THE AIR EXPANDS ON HEATING
the air expands on heating. the greater the heating , the greater will be the
expansion. the air on heating occupies more space and becomes lighter.the warm air
is thus lighter than the cold air.the lighter air thus rises up. when warm air at
place rises up, the air pressure at the place is lowered. the cold areas from the
surroundings rushes in to fill the low pressure area, thus setting a convection in
the air. on the other hand the air when cooled contracts...
HOW ARE WIND CURRENTS GENERATED??
The air moves from the region where the air pressure is high to the region where
the pressure is low. the greater the differnce in pressure the faster the air move.
thus the difference in the air causes wind currents. the difference in air pressure
in nature can be created by two methods - uneven heating between the equator,
and the poles and the uneven heating of land and water ..........
