Classification in Library and Information Services*
What is Classification?
Classification in library and information services refers to the systematic arrangement of
books, documents, and other materials in a logical and ordered manner based on their
subject, form, or other characteristics. It aims to group similar items together, making it
easier for users to locate and retrieve them.
Why is Classification Important?
1. Organization: Ensures materials are systematically arranged.
2. Accessibility: Makes it easier for users to find specific resources.
3. Efficient Retrieval: Facilitates quick identification of relevant information.
4. Subject Grouping: Groups similar subjects together, promoting subject browsing.
5. Resource Sharing: Enables standardized cataloging across libraries.
Types of Classification
Classification systems in library and information services can be broadly divided into:
1. Enumerative Classification: Prepares an exhaustive list of all subjects and their
subdivisions, arranging them systematically.
Example: Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC).
2. Faceted Classification: Analyzes subjects into their basic components or facets (e.g.,
personality, matter, energy, space, time) and combines these facets systematically.
Example: Colon Classification (CC).
3. Hierarchical Classification: Arranges subjects in a tree-like structure from general to
specific.
Example: Universal Decimal Classification (UDC).
4. Specialized Classification: Designed for specific domains or disciplines.
Example: Medical Subject Headings (MeSH).
Creators of Major Classification Systems
1. Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC):
Created by **Melvil Dewey** in 1876.
2. Library of Congress Classification (LCC):
Developed by the **Library of Congress**, spearheaded by Charles Ammi Cutter in the early
20th century.
3. Colon Classification (CC):
Designed by **S.R. Ranganathan** in 1933, based on faceted principles.
4. Universal Decimal Classification (UDC):
Developed by **Paul Otlet** and **Henri La Fontaine** in 1905, adapted from DDC.
These classification systems play a vital role in ensuring efficient organization, management,
and use of library resources globally.
