SI

TEPL
ANNI
NG
DATA
COLLECTI
ON

SITEPLANNING FOR HIGH-

RI XED-
SEMI USEBUI
LDI
NGS SHOULD
PARKING:
CONSIDER HOW THEBUILDI
NG I
NTEGRATES I
NTO THEURBAN
ENVIRONMENT,ESPECI
ALLYITS CONNECTI
ON TO PEDESTRI
AN AND
MINIMIZETHEVISIBILITYOFPARKING FROM THESTREETAND
DEWALK.
SI LOCATEPARKING TO THESIDEOR REAR OF
TRAFFI OWS.
C FL
BUI
LDINGS,OR UNDERGROUND.
CONTEXTANAL S:
YSI

BUILDINGSARECATEGORIZED INTO DIFFERENTTYPESBASED ON OPENNESS:

ACTI TYAND USES,
VI PLACEMENTOFBUI LDINGS OFCERT
AIN
ACTI
VITYSHOULD BE ENSURETHATTHEBUILDING ISOPEN TO THEURBAN SPACE,AND
PLACED I
N SUCH CONTEXTWHEREITIS BENEFI
CIALFOR THE DOESN'TBECOMEA FORTRESS WHEREDIFFERENTFUNCTIONS AND
ACTI
VITYALSO, NEGLECTI
NG THENEGATI
VEEFFECTOFTRAFFI C SERVI
CES AREISOLATED.
I
NTO PUBLI GHBORHOOD.
C NEI

PUBLIC SPACES:
LANDSCAPING:
BUILDINGSARECATEGORIZED INTO DIFFERENTTYPESBASED ON
ACTI TYAND USES,
VI PLACEMENTOFBUI LDINGS OFCERT
AIN USELANDSCAPES PROVIDEGREENARYSPACESO THATPEOPLE
ACTI
VITYSHOULD BE CAN BEGROUPED THERE.
PLACED I
N SUCH CONTEXTWHEREITIS BENEFI
CIALFOR THE
ACTI
VITYALSO, NEGLECTI
NG THENEGATI
VEEFFECTOFTRAFFI C
I
NTO PUBLI GHBORHOOD.
C NEI

SETBACKS

THESETBACK OFTHEBUILDI
NG INI
NDIA FOR HI
GH RI
SEAPARTMENTS
AND COMMERCIALBUI
LDING WI
LLBEDEPENDEND ON THEHEIGHTOFTHE
BUI
LDING AND WI TS ON.
DTH OFTHEROAD I

ABUILDING THAT'S18METERSHIGH MUSTHAVEA SETBACKOFAT

LEAST3METERS ON ALLSI DES.THEMINIMUM SETBACKDISTANCEFOR
A RESI
DENTIALBUILDI
NG I YBETWEEN 1
S USUALL 2AND 16METERS,
DEPENDING ON THEHEI
GHTOFTHEBUILDING.

ABUILDING THAT'S18METERSHIGH MUSTHAVEA SETBACKOFAT

LEAST3METERS ON ALLSI DES.THEMINIMUM SETBACKDISTANCEFOR
A RESI
DENTIALBUILDI
NG I YBETWEEN 1
S USUALL 2AND 16METERS,
DEPENDING ON THEHEI
GHTOFTHEBUILDING.

UPTO 300SQ M
THEFRONTYARD SHOULD HAVEAN AVERAGEOF6METERSWITH A
MI MUM OF4
NI .5METERS,AND THESIDEAND REAR YARDSSHOULD
HAVEAN AVERAGEOF2METERS WITH A MI MUM OF1
NI .5METERS.
OVER 800SQ M
300–500SQ M THEFRONTYARD SHOULD HAVEAN AVERAGEOF10. 5METERSWITH A
THEFRONTYARD SHOULD HAVEAN AVERAGEOF6METERSWITH A MINIMUM OF6METERS,AND THESI DEAND REAR YARDS SHOULD HAVE
MI MUM OF4
NI .5METERS,AND THESIDEAND REAR YARDSSHOULD AN AVERAGEOF5METERS WI TH A MI
NIMUM OF1.5METERS.
HAVEAN AVERAGEOF2METERS WITH A MI MUM OF1
NI .5METERS.

OVER 500–800SQ M
THEFRONTYARD SHOULD HAVEAN AVERAGEOF6METERSWITH A ZONI
NG
MI MUM OF4
NI .5METERS,AND THESIDEAND REAR YARDSSHOULD
HAVEAN AVERAGEOF2METERS WITH A MI MUM OF1
NI .5METERS.
MIXED-USEZONING I
S A PLANNI
NG STRATEGYTHATALL OWS FOR
MULTI
PLEUSES WITHIN THESAMEBUI NG OR AREA,
LDI SUCH AS
RESI
DENTIAL,COMMERCI AL,AND I
NDUSTRIALSPACES.
RESTRI
CTI
ONSFORMI
XEDUSEBUI
LDI
NGS

OCCUPATION DENSITY:THENUMBER OFPEOPLEPER SQUARE LAND USEMIX:DECIDEON THEMIXOF

METER OFUSABLEFL OOR AREA I
S TYPI Y1PERSON PER
CALL
LAND USES,SUCH AS COMMERCIAL,
10–15SQUAREMETERS. RESI
DENTIAL,AND LI
GHTI AL.
NDUSTRI
FLOOR-TO-
CEI NG ZONE:
LI THEFLOOR-
TO-
CEI
LING ZONEI
S
DESIGN DETAILS:CONSIDER HOW TO
Y2
USUALL .7–3METERS. ENRI
CH THELOCALCOMMUNI TYAND
ECONOMY,IMPROVETHEENVI RONMENT,
FIRERESI
STANCE:THEBUILDING MUSTMEETFIRERESISTANCE AND PROMOTEPUBLI TH.
C HEAL
REMENTS.
REQUI
Z NG CONTROL:
ONI DECIDEHOW MUCH
LOFTS:LOFTSAREONLYPERMITTED IN RESIDENTIALBUILDINGS ZONING SHOULD CONTROLMARKET
AND SHOPS, AND THEIR AREA I CTED TO 2
S RESTRI 5% OFTHE DEVELOPMENT.
COVERED AREA OR FLOOR.
RETAILSPACE:CONSIDER HOW TO
OPEN SPACES:MIXED- USEPROJ ECTS SHOULD PROVI
DEAT SUPPORTACTIVERET
AILUSES.
LEAST5 0SQUAREFEETOFPRIVATEAND/ OR COMMON OPEN
SPACEPER DWELLING. COMMON OPEN SPACESSHOULD BEAT I
NFORMALADAPT ON:
ATI ACKNOWLEDGE
LEAST1 5FEETIN DIMENSION,WHILEPRIVATEOPEN SPACES THEBENEFITS OFI
NFORMALADAPT
ATI
ON
SHOULD BEATLEAST6FEETI N DIMENSI ON. WITHI
N A FORMALPLANNI
NG
FRAMEWORK.
ENVIRONMENTALFORCES:TALLBUILDINGSMUSTBEDESIGNED
TO WITHST
AND ENVIRONMENTALFORCES LI KEWI ND,WHICH CAN
CAUSEHORI ZONT
ALVIBRATION AND EXCESSIVEMOTION.

ABDULHAQ
AKSHAY
JOANNASANIYA
SI
TEPLANNI
& PUBLI
NG,PARKI
CSPACES
NG
| ARCHI
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TECTURAL
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 DATA TYPESOFPARKI
NG
PARKI
NG COLLECTI
ON 1.PARALLELPARKI
• ADVANTAGES:
NG (0°)

1.SURFACEPARKING
▪ SPACE- EFFI
CIENTFOR NARROW STREETS.

• OPEN- AI
R PARKI
NG SPACESLOCATED ON GROUND LEVEL.
▪ I DEALFOR URBAN OR ROADSI
DESETTINGS.

• COMMON FOR VISITORSOR SHORT-TERM PARKING.

• DI SADVANTAGES:
▪ CAN BEDI F F
ICULTFOR SOMEDRI NTO.
VERSTO MANEUVER I

2.UNDERGROUND PARKI
NG
• LOCATED BELOW THEBUILDI OPMENT.
NG OR DEVEL
• USUALLYRESERVED FOR RESI
DENTSOR L ONG-TERM PARKERS.
2.PERPENDICULAR P NG (
ARKI 90° )
• OFFERSPROTECTION FROM WEATHER AND ADDSSECURITY.
• ADVANTAGES:
▪ HI GH DENSI
TYOFVEHICLESI
N AGI VEN AREA.

3.MULTI
-LEVELPARKI NG G ARAGE
▪ EASYTO MANEUVER I NTO WI
TH WIDELANES.

• STRUCTURED PARKING WI TH MUL

TI OW GROUND.
PLELEVELSABOVEOR BEL
• DI SADVANTAGES:

• SERVESBOTH RESI DENTSAND COMMERCI ALTENANTS.

▪ REQUI RESMORESPACEF OR DRI
VI SLES.
NG AI

• INCLUDESDEDICATED SPACESF OR DIF

FERENTUSER GROUPS.
▪ BACKI NG OUTMAYBECHALLENGING IN BUSYAREAS.

4.VI
SITOR PARKI
NG
• SPACESRESERVED FOR GUESTSOR CUSTOMERS. 3.ANGLED PARKI NG (30°-60° )
• USUALLYLOCATED NEAR ENTRANCESOR COMMERCI
ALSPACES.
• SUBTYPES:
▪ 30°PARKI NG: SHALLOW ANGLE,REQUIRESLESS
MANEUVERING.
CYCLEP
5.BI ARKI
NG
• DEDI KERACKSOR STORAGEAREAS.
CATED BI
▪ 45°PARKI NG: ABALANCED ANGLEFOR SPACEEFFI CIENCY
AND EASEOFUSE.
• ENCOURAGESSUSTAINABLETRANSPORT ON.
ATI
▪ 60°PARKI NG: STEEPER ANGLE,MORESPACE- EF
FICIENTBUT
HARDER TO REVERSE.
6.ACCESSI
BLEP ARKI
NG
• SPACESRESERVED FOR INDIVI
DUALSWI TH DI
SABI
LI ES.
TI
• ADVANTAGES:
• STRATEGICALLYLOCATED NEAR ENTRANCES.
▪ EASI ER TO ENTER AND EXI
TCOMPARED TO PERPENDICULAR
PARKING.

9.SHARED PARKING
▪ SMOOTH TRAFFI CFLOW, PARTI
CULARLYIN ONE-WAYAI SLES.

• AFLEXI BLEPARKING ARRANGEMENTWHERESPACESARESHARED BETWEEN

• DI SADVANTAGES:

DI
FFERENTUSERS(E.G.
,RESIDENTIALATNIGHT,COMMERCI NGTHEDAY)
ALDURI . ▪ LESSEFFI CI
ENTIN TERMSOFSPACEUSAGECOMPARED TO
PERPENDICULAR PARKING.
• OPTI MIZESSPACEUTILI
ZATI
ON I XED-
N MI OPMENTS.
USEDEVEL
▪ ANGLED SPACESMAYRESTRI CTBIDI
RECTIONALTRAF FICFLOW.

PARKI
NGCONSI
DERATI
ONS: ACCORDI
NGTOKMBR

AREA PARKI
NG REQUI
REMENT

75M2-1,
260M2 1SPACEPER 90M2

REGULAR PARKI
NG 2.
75X5.
5M
ABOVE1,
260M2 1SPACEPER 60M2

HANDI
CAPPED PARKI
NG 3.
6X5.
5M

FORAPARTMENTS,THEREQUI
REDNUMBEROFPARKI
NGSPACESI
SDETERMI
NEDBY
THEBUI
LT-UPAREAPER DWELLI T:
NG UNI

AREA PARKI
NG REQUI
REMENT

UPTO 75M2 1PARKI

NG SPACEFOR EVERY
3DWELLI
NG UNITS.

1PARKING SPACEPER
75M2 -
185M2 DWELLI
NG UNIT.

185M2 -300M2 1.5PARKING SPACESPER

DWELLI T.
NG UNI

2PARKING SPACESPER
ABOVE300M2 DWELLI
NG UNIT.

CONSI
DERATI
ONS
3.SAFETYAND SECURI TY
1.USAGEDEMOGRAPHI CS • LIGHTING: INSTALLADEQUATELIGHTI
NG FOR SAF
ETYAND SECURI TY.
• RESI DENTPARKI NG NEEDS:ALLOCATESPACESBASED ON THENUMBER • SURVEI LLANCE: I
NCORPORATECAMERASAND MONI TORING SYSTEMS.
AND SI
ZEOFRESI DENTIALUNITS. • VISIBI
LITY: DESIGN SPACESAND DRI
VEWAYSTO AVOI ND SPOTS.
D BLI
• COMMERCI ALP NG:
ARKI PROVI
DESUF F
ICI
ENTPARKI NGFORCUSTOMERS.
• VI SITOR PARKING: I
NCLUDEDESIGNATED SPACESFOR GUESTS. 4.DESI GN AND L AYOUT
• SPECI ALNEEDSP ARKING:ENSUREACCESSI NG SPACES.
BLEPARKI • SPACEDI MENSI ONS:USESTANDARDPARKI NGSPACEDI
MENSIONSWHILE
CONSIDERING LARGER VEHICLES.
2.TRAFFICF OW AND C
L I
RCULATI
ON • ANGLES:CHOOSE 90- DEGREE PARKI
NG FOR MAXI
MUM EF
FICI
ENCY OR
• SEPARATE ENTRANCES/ EXI
TS:D ESIGNATE SEPARATE ENTRANCES F
OR ANGLED PARKING FOR EASIER NAVI
GATION.
RESI
DENTSAND COMMERCIALUSERSI FFEASIBLE. • PEDESTRI AN P ATHWAYS:I NCLUDE SAF
E AND MARKED PEDESTRIAN
• CLEAR PATHWAYS:ENSURE CLEAR VEHI CULAR AND PEDESTRI AN WALKWAYS.
CI
RCULATI
ON TO MINI
MIZ
ECONF CTS.
LI
• EMERGENCY ACCESS:PROVI DE PATHWAYS F OR FIRE TRUCKS AND 5.SHARED PARKI
NG STRATEGI
ES
EMERGENCYVEHICLES. • TI
ME-BASED ALLOCATION:D ESI
GN F
OR SHARED PARKI
NG WHERE
RESI
DENTI
ALAND COMMERCI
ALPEAKUSAGETIMESDI
FFER.

SI
TEPLANNING,PARKI
NG ABDULHAQAKSHAYJOANNASANIYA

& PUBLI
CSPACES
| ARCHI
DESI
TECTURAL
GN-V DCSCHOOLOFARCHITECTUREANDDESI
TRI
S6
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VANDRUM
PUBL
ICSPACES
DATA
COLLECTI
ON

TYPESOFPUBLI
CSPACES
OPENPUBLI
CSPACE CL
OSEDPUBLI
CSPACE
BEACHES LI
BRARI
ES
PARKS MUSEUMS
NATURALSPACES HERI
TAGESI
TES
PAVEMENTS RELI
GIOUSORSPI
RITUALSPACES
MEATI
NGSPACE

PUBL
ICSPACESAREOPENAREAST
HATAREACCESSI
BLET
OTHE URBANPERFORMANCE
PUBL
ICANDAREANESSENT
IALPARTOFURBANL
IFE.T
HEYCAN PUBLI
C SPACES CAN HELP BUI
LD SAFER AND
COHESI
VE COMMUNI
TIES, REDUCE SPATI
AL
I
NCL
UDEST
REET
S,PARKS,PL
AZAS,BEACHES,ANDGOVERNMENT I
NEQUALI
TIES,ANDBUI
LDL
OCALECONOMI
ES.
BUI
LDI
NGST
HATAREOPENT
OTHEPUBL
IC.PUBL
ICSPACESARE

I
MPORT
ANT FOR A NUMBER OF REASONS, I
NCL
UDI
NG:

COMMUNI
TY BUI
LDI
NG:PUBL
IC SPACES ARE PL
ACES WHERE

PEOPL
E CAN I
NTERACT SOCI
ALL
Y AND BUI
LD COMMUNI
TY.

SOCI
AL I
NCL
USI
ON: PUBL
IC SPACES CAN HEL
P ENSURE SOCI
AL

I
NCL
USI
ON AND ECONOMI
C EXCHANGE.

QUAL
ITYOFL
IFE:PUBL
ICSPACESCANI
MPROVET
HEQUAL
ITYOFL
IFE

FOR URBAN RESI

DENT
S.

I
DENT
ITY
:PUBL
ICSPACESCANGI
VEI
DENT
ITYT
OCI
TIESANDI
NST
ILLA

SENSEOFPRI
DEANDOWNERSHI
PAMONGT
HEPEOPL
EWHOUSET
HEM.

GOVERNANCE:PUBL
ICSPACESCANBEUSEDFORPOL
ITI
CALANDSOCI
AL
URBANDESI
GN
PROT
EST
, AND CAN ENCOURAGE DEMOCRACY AND EQUAL
ITY
.
PUBLI
C SPACESARECRUCI
ALTO THEVI
ABI
LITYOFAN
URBANMASTERPLAN.
SOCI
ALVAL
UE
PUBL
ICSPACESI
NCI
TIESPRODUCEAWI
DERANGEOF PUBLI
C SPACES CAN I
MPROVE HEAL
TH,
SAFETY
,EQUI
TY,I
NCL
USI
ON,ANDSOCI
AL
SOCI
ALVAL
UE,I
MPROVI
NG HEAL
TH,SAFET
Y,EQUI
TY,
CAPI
TAL.
I
NCL
USI
ON AND SOCI
AL CAPI
TAL
.
ECONOMI
CDEVEL
OPMENT
COMMUNI
TY PUBLI
CSPACESCANPROVI
DESPACEFOR
PUBL
IC SPACES CAN CREAT
E A SENSE OF ECONOMI
C ACTI
VITI
ES,AND CAN HELP
I
NCUBATESMALLBUSI
NESSES.
COMMUNI
TYBYBRI
NGI
NGPEOPL
ETOGET
HER

AND F
ACI
LIT
ATI
NG CHANCE ENCOUNT
ERS. HUMANRI
GHTS
PUBLI
C SPACESCAN BEAKEYENABLER
I
DENT
ITY FOR THE FULFI
LLMENT OF HUMAN
PUBL
ICSPACESCANGI
VEI
DENT
ITYT
OCI
TIES,ANDCAN RI
GHTS,ANDCANEMPOWERWOMENAND

BEPL
ACEST
HATPEOPL
ECHERI
SHANDT
AKEPRI
DEI
N. PROVI
DEOPPORTUNI
TIESFORYOUTH.

ABDULHAQAKSHAYJOANNASANIYA
SI
TEPLANNI
& PUBLI
NG,PARKI
CSPACES
NG
| ARCHI
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