ADDIS ABABA SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY
SCHOOL OF CIVIL & CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT
Course: - Highway Engineering II (CENG 4183) Time allowed: - 3:00 Hr.
Pre requisite: - Highway Engineering I (CENG 3182) Instructor: - Eyob T. & Simon G.
Student exam of highway engineering II Max 50 %
Name ____________________________________________
Section ________
ID No ______________
Exam key information read carefully
This exam has four parts with tables
The last two questions are optional (you are expected to do either Q3 or Q4)
Neatness is mandatory, since un readable answer worse NO mark
No need to use your cell phone (strictly forbidden)
Cheating is strictly forbidden
Exam is closed book (only calculator is allowed )
Maximum mark is 50%
Maximum time allowed 3:00 hr.
Good luck
1
1) Design flexible pavement with the following given data (20 mark)
Initial traffic volumes (AADTo ) counts for both two directions which have curb stone median and
have been established for a section of road project is classified under Link Road and DS3 design
standard, so that the design period for link road is 20 year and use directional distribution 50/50%
and lane distribution factor 100%.
From the transport economics studied on the nation in general the traffic growth and average
annual daily traffic is expected to be
Type of vehicle Car Bus Truck Large Truck Articulated truck
Growth rate (%) 4 5 6 4
AADTo (2015) 180 130 80 45 40
The anticipated traffic growth rate is 5% and the opening of the road is scheduled after 3 years (up
to 2019, which is the construction period) from end of 2015. In addition, an axle load survey has
been conducted, giving representative axle loads for the various classes of vehicles.
Vehicle Axle load (kg)
category Axle 1 Axle 2 Axle 3 Axle 4 Axle 5 Axle 6
2220 2520 - - - -
Car
2175 2675 - - - -
5535 6744 - - - -
Bus
4915 6255 - - - -
2005 6740 - - - -
Truck
2695 6280 - - - -
3278 10956 7956 8765 8865 -
large truck 3555 11590 6590 9335 8435 -
3510 10815 6815 10634 9434 -
6950 12925 12930 8845 10400 10025
Articulated
7035 13835 13430 8760 13110 10090
truck
5120 10855 10800 8265 11225 12350
Design the pavement structure using ERA design procedure. Use the 90 percentile value as design
subgrade CBR or (chart in ascending order) (d= 0.1*(n-1)).
In-situ sub grade CBR measurements
Station 0+000 0+100 0+200 0+300 0+400 0+500 0+600 0+700 0+800 0+900 1+000 1+100
CBR 8 12 11 10 9.5 10.5 12.5 13 9 9.5 12 9.5
2
N.B For final pavement structure selection (thickness of pavement) use the following table for cost
comparison.
Pavement structure layer type Construction Costs /m3
Double surface treatment or Otta seal 2180 birr
Thin flexible AC surfacing 3530 birr
Bituminous (HMA) Wearing course 3380 birr
Bituminous road base 2780 birr
Granular road base 1430 birr
Granular sub base 1130 birr
Granular capping 605 birr
Cement/lime stabilized sub base 1250 birr
Cement/lime stabilized road base 1 1415 birr
Cement/lime stabilized road base 2 1295 birr
2) A bitumen mix design is prepared in laboratory and the results are summarized as shown below in
table. You are expected to do volumetric calculation and make analysis and recommend the
appropriate bitumen content. You are also required to support the analysis by plotting the
necessary curves. Calculate the volumetric property for your final selected optimal binder
content. (15 mark)
Percentage of Bulk specific Maximum theoretical
Flow
bitumen by weight gravity of Stability[KN] specific gravity of
(mm)
of total mix compacted mix paving mix, Gmm
4 2.526 14.4 2.696 3.1
4.5 2.547 14.8 2.669 3.5
5 2.565 14.8 2.648 3.6
5.5 2.575 14.6 2.635 4.0
6 2.560 14.5 2.610 4.5
Bitumen specific gravity, Gb 1.013
Bulk specific gravity of aggregate, Gsb 2.853
Effective specific gravity of aggregate, Gse 2.891
3
3) Asphalt content of a mix is 4.8 %, expressed as a percentage of the total mass of the mix. A 2 km
long road with carriageway width of 8 m is to be constructed using the given mix. If asphalt
absorption is 0.5 % and the relative densities of the total aggregate and asphalt cement are 2.68 and
1.01, respectively, with the mix compacted density, effective specific gravity of Aggregate and the
pavement thickness being 2400 kg/m3 , 2.75 and 12 cm, respectively,
(15 mark)
A. Find the percentage of air voids (VIM), and VMA. (5mark)
B. Calculate the volumes of aggregate fractions to be crushed for the job if the aggregate is a
blend of 3% Filler, 51 % fine aggregate (0-3 mm), 14 % medium coarse aggregate (3-6
mm), 32% coarse aggregate (6-12.5 mm) by weight. Assume the corresponding loose
unit weights of the fractions to be 1550 kg/m3, 1625 kg/m3 , 1640 kg/m3 , and 1676 kg/m3
respectively. (10 mark)
4) State Aggregate tests are necessary to determine the suitability of the material for a specific use
and to make sure that the required properties are consistently within specification limits. The
properties of aggregate that are important for road construction include (List at least 5 points)
