LAB1:
Create a Spreadsheet:
• Open Excel → Click Blank Workbook.
Insert Rows/Columns:
• Right-click on a row/column → Select Insert.
Drag & Fill:
• Select a cell with data → Drag the bottom-right corner across cells.
Use Aggregate Functions:
• Example: For Sum/Avg:
o Type =SUM(A1:A10) or =AVERAGE(A1:A10) → Press Enter.
LAB2:
1. Importing Data
o Open your tool (Excel, Google Sheets, etc.).
o Use File > Import or Get Data to load your dataset.
2. Data Entry & Manipulation
o Enter data directly into cells.
o Edit values, copy-paste, or use formulas to modify data.
3. Sorting & Filtering
o Select your data.
o Use Sort to arrange data (ascending/descending).
o Apply Filters to display specific values.
4. Data Validation
o Select cells for validation.
o Use Data > Data Validation to set rules (e.g., numbers only).
5. Pivot Tables & Pivot Charts
o Highlight your data.
o Use Insert > Pivot Table to summarize data.
o Add fields to rows, columns, and values.
o Use Insert > Pivot Chart for visual representation.
LAB3:
1. Conditional Formatting:
o Highlight data based on conditions (e.g., cells > 100 turn green).
o Use tools like color scales or icon sets.
2. What-If Analysis:
o Test scenarios by changing variables (e.g., Goal Seek, Scenario Manager).
o See how changes affect outcomes.
3. Data Tables:
o Create a table to analyze data (e.g., single or two-variable).
o Automatically update values when inputs change.
4. Charts & Graphs:
o Visualize data using bar, line, pie charts, etc.
o Pick a chart type that best represents your data.
Lab4:
UPPER Function:
• Converts text to uppercase.
• Example: =UPPER(A1)
LOWER Function:
• Converts text to lowercase.
• Example: =LOWER(A1)
• TRIM Function:
• Removes extra spaces from text.
• Example: =TRIM(A1)
CONCATENATE or CONCAT:
• Combines multiple text values.
• Example: =CONCAT(A1, " ", B1)
Lab 5:
Lab++ku 6:
