INTERNSHIP REPORT

Organizational Study Report Submitted

to Karunya School of Management
Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Award of the Degree
Master of Business Administration

HARISH SIDDARTH S

(PRK23MS1044)

Under the guidance of

DR. VIKRAM
Assistant Professor – Karunya School of Management

KARUNYA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCES

[Declared as a Deemed University under sec.3 of the UGC Act, 1956]

July 2024

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 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the Internship report is a bonafide record of work done by HARISH
SIDDARTH S (PRK23MS1044) under my supervision and submitted in partial fulfilment
for the award of the degree of Master of Business Administration at Karunya School of
Management.

Place: COIMBATORE Research

Supervisor Date:

External Examiner Internal Examiner

The Dean - KSM

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 Declaration

I, HARISH SIDDARTH S hereby declare that the Internship report is a bonafide record of
the original research work carried out by me in Karunya School of Management and that it
has not been submitted earlier elsewhere for the award of any degree, diploma, or fellowship.

PLACE: COIMBATORE Signature of the candidate

DATE:

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I am writing this final evaluation report as part of the Summer Internship Program of
MBA. This report includes the analysis of Karunya University, Coimbatore.

It has been a great challenge but a plenty of learning and opportunities to gain huge
knowledge on the way writing this report. I express my thanks to Dr. CLEMENT
SUDHAHAR J, our Dean, Karunya School of Management, who seemed to be with us
always; and prepared to give us feedback and guidelines whenever we needed it.

I would also like to express my gratitude to Dr. G VIKRAM faculty guide, KSM for
guiding me throughout the project.

I Would also like to express my gratitude to Mr. SUNNY KOTHARI , Finance Head Dr.
Agarwals Eye Hospital, I also express sincere gratitude to Mr. GOSAKAN GOPALAN
who guided me throughout the internship to visit the various departments successfully.

I also thank all the staff-members of Dr. Agarwals Eye Hospital whom I met in this time
period for all the feedback and help which they provided to me.

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 TABLE OF CONTENT

S. No Title Page Number

1 Industry overview 6

2 Industry Profile 7

2.1 Company Profile 8

2.2 Vision and Mission 10

2.3 Organizational structure 11

3 Overview of departments 12

3.1 Marketing 14

3.2 Finance 16

3.3 Legal
3.4 Human resource 17

3.5 Information Technology 18

3.6 Quality management systems 19

4 My learning through Internship 21

5 Conclusion 31

Annexure 32

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 CHAPTER 1
INDUSTRY OVERVIEW

HEALTH CARE INDUSTRY

The Indian eye care industry is a rapidly growing market, driven by a increasing
prevalence of eye diseases, rising awareness and demand for quality eye care, and
government initiatives to improve access to eye care. The industry is estimated to be
worth ₹12,000 crores (approximately USD 1.7 billion) and is expected to grow at a
CAGR of 15% from 2020 to 2025.
Healthcare services encompass a broad range of activities and interventions
designed to maintain and improve the health of individuals and communities. These
services are delivered by healthcare professionals, including doctors, nurses, therapists,
and support staff, across various settings such as hospitals, clinics, and community health
centres. Primary care serves as the first point of contact for patients, providing preventive
care, routine checkups, and treatment for common illnesses. Specialty care, offered by
experts in specific medical fields like cardiology, oncology, and orthopaedics, addresses
more complex health issues. Hospitals and clinics deliver a wide array of services, from
emergency and surgical care to maternity and rehabilitation, while long-term care
facilities cater to individuals with chronic illnesses or disabilities.

In addition to direct patient care, healthcare services also encompass public health
initiatives aimed at promoting health and preventing disease on a broader scale. These
initiatives include vaccination programs, health education, and screenings for various
conditions.
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 CHAPTER 2

COMPANY PROFILE:

Dr. Agarwal's Eye Hospital Limited is a renowned healthcare institution specializing in

ophthalmology. Established in 1957 by Dr. Jaiveer Agarwal and Dr. Tahira Agarwal, the hospital
has grown from a single clinic in Chennai, India, to an extensive network of eye care centres
across India and internationally. The institution is well-known for its state-of-the-art facilities,
cutting-edge technology, and a team of highly skilled ophthalmologists.

The foundation of Dr. Agarwal's Eye Hospital was laid with a vision to provide
high-quality eye care to patients. Over the decades, the hospital has expanded its services and
reach, establishing more than 100 centres in India and overseas locations, including Mauritius,
Zambia, and Mozambique. The hospital has maintained a strong focus on innovation and
research, contributing significantly to advancements in ophthalmology.

Dr. Agarwal's Eye Hospital offers a comprehensive range of services covering all
aspects of eye care. These include routine eye examinations, advanced diagnostic tests, and
treatments for various eye conditions. The hospital is known for its expertise in cataract surgery,
particularly for its adoption of advanced techniques like Phacoemulsification and Femto-LASIK
for precise and minimally invasive procedures.

The hospital offers LASIK, PRK, and SMILE surgeries for vision correction,
helping patients reduce their dependence on glasses or contact lenses. Comprehensive care for
glaucoma patients includes early detection, medical management, laser treatments, and surgical
interventions. The hospital provides advanced treatments for retinal conditions such as diabetic
retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and retinal detachments.
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 COMPANY PROFILE

Dr. Agarwal's Eye Hospital Limited

Company Public
type

Traded as BSE: 526783

ISIN INE934C01018

Industry Healthcare

Founded 1957; 67 years ago

Founders Jaiveer Agarwal

Tahira Agarwal

Headquarters Chennai, Tamil Nadu

India

Area served India, Ghana, Kenya, Madagascar,

Mauritius, Mozambique, Nigeria,
Rwanda, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia

Key people Dr Amar Agarwal (MD)

Products Ophthalmology

Website www.dragarwal.com

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 FOUNDERS FAMILY

Dr. Agarwal's Eye Hospital was founded by Dr. Jaiveer Agarwal and his wife, Dr. Tahira
Agarwal. They established the hospital with a vision to provide advanced and affordable eye
care services to patients. Their commitment to clinical excellence and innovation has played a
significant role in the growth and success of the hospital.

MISSION:

Dr. Agarwal's Eye Hospital's mission statement is dedicated to providing comprehensive, high-
quality eye care services with a focus on patient-centered care, innovation, and clinical
excellence. The hospital aims to enhance the quality of life of its patients by offering advanced
treatments and personalized care, ensuring the best possible outcomes for eye health and vision.

VISION:

1. Global Leadership in Eye Care:

To be recognized as a global leader in the field of ophthalmology, setting benchmarks in
quality, innovation, and patient satisfaction.
2. Cutting-edge Technology:
To continuously integrate the latest advancements in eye care technology and medical
research to provide state-of-the-art treatments and solutions.
3. Patient-Centric Approach:
To prioritize patient needs and well-being, offering personalized and compassionate care that
enhances the overall patient experience.
4. Accessible Eye Care:
To make high-quality eye care accessible to people from all walks of life, ensuring that no
one is deprived of essential eye health services.
5. Education and Training:
To be a centre of excellence for ophthalmic education and training, fostering the development
of skilled professionals and contributing to the advancement of eye care globally.

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 ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE

ORGANISATION STRUCTURE OF DR. AGARWALS EYE HOSPITAL

1. Board of Directors:
Comprising key stakeholders and founders who oversee the strategic direction and major
decisions of the organization.

2. Executive Management:
Chairman: The top executive responsible for the overall vision and strategy.
Vice Chairman: Assists the chairman and may take on additional responsibilities.
CEO (Chief Executive Officer): Manages the overall operations, including business
development, strategic planning, and policy implementation.
COO (Chief Operating Officer): Oversees the day-to-day administrative and operational
functions.
CFO (Chief Financial Officer): Manages financial planning, risk management, record-
keeping, and financial reporting.
CMO (Chief Medical Officer): Ensures the delivery of high-quality medical services and
oversees clinical operations.

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3. Medical Departments:
Ophthalmologists: Specialist doctors providing eye care and surgical services.
Optometrists: Professionals conducting eye examinations and prescribing corrective lenses.
Nursing Staff: Provides patient care and assists in surgeries.
Technicians: Operates medical equipment and assists in diagnostic procedures.

4. Administrative Departments:
Human Resources: Manages recruitment, training, employee relations, and compliance with
labour laws.
Finance and Accounting: Handles budgeting, accounting, payroll, and financial reporting.
Marketing and Public Relations: Manages brand image, advertising, and public
communication.
IT Department: Oversees information technology systems, including electronic health records
and IT infrastructure.
Operations and Facilities Management: Ensures the smooth operation of hospital facilities,
including maintenance and logistics.

5. Regional Management:
Regional Directors/Managers: Oversee multiple branches within a region to ensure
standardized operations and quality control.

6. Branch Management:
Branch Managers: Responsible for the day-to-day operations of individual hospital branches.
Department Heads: Lead various medical and administrative departments within each branch.

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ORGANISATION STRUCTURE:

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 CHAPTER 3

OVERVIEW OF DEPARTMENT

3.1 FINANCE DEPARTMENT:

The finance department plays a critical role in the healthcare sector, ensuring the financial
stability and efficiency of healthcare organizations. Here are some of the key functions and
responsibilities of the finance department in a healthcare setting:

1. Budgeting and Financial Planning:

- Develops and manages the organization's budget, forecasting revenues and expenses to
ensure financial stability.
- Plans for long-term financial goals and capital expenditures.

2. Revenue Cycle Management:

- Manages the entire process of patient revenue, from registration and billing to collections
and reimbursements.
- Ensures accurate coding, billing, and timely submission of claims to insurance companies.

3. Cost Control and Management:

- Monitors and controls costs across various departments to maintain financial efficiency.
- Analyzes cost data to identify areas where expenses can be reduced without compromising
care quality.

4. Financial Reporting and Analysis:

- Prepares financial statements, reports, and analysis to provide insights into the
organization's financial performance.
- Ensures compliance with accounting standards and regulations.

5. Cash Flow Management:

- Manages cash flow to ensure that the organization has sufficient liquidity to meet its
obligations.
- Oversees the management of working capital, including accounts receivable and payable.

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6. Investment Management:
- Oversees the organization's investment portfolio, making decisions to optimize returns
while managing risk.
- Plans and manages capital investments in facilities, equipment, and technology.

7. Compliance and Risk Management:

- Ensures compliance with financial regulations, laws, and internal policies.
- Manages financial risks, including those related to investments, debt, and operational
expenditures.

8. Funding and Financing:

- Secures funding through loans, grants, and other financing options to support the
organization's operations and growth.
- Manages relationships with banks, investors, and other financial institutions.

9. Strategic Planning Support:

- Provides financial insights and data to support strategic planning and decision-making.
- Collaborates with other departments to align financial goals with the organization's
mission and objectives.

10. Payroll and Compensation Management:

- Manages payroll processing and ensures timely and accurate payment to employees.
- Oversees compensation structures and benefits administration.

11. Procurement and Supply Chain Management:

- Manages procurement processes to ensure cost-effective purchasing of supplies,
equipment, and services.
- Oversees inventory management and supply chain logistics.

12. Patient Financial Services:

- Provides financial counselling to patients, helping them understand their bills, insurance
coverage, and payment options.
- Assists with financial assistance programs and charity care.
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3.2 MARKETING DEPARTMENT:

The marketing department in a healthcare sector plays a crucial role in promoting services,
building the organization's brand, and ensuring effective communication with patients and the
community. Here are the key roles and responsibilities of the marketing department in
healthcare:

1. Brand Management:
- Develops and maintains the organization's brand identity and reputation.
- Ensures consistent messaging and branding across all marketing channels.

2. Patient Acquisition:
- Implements strategies to attract new patients through various marketing campaigns.
- Utilizes digital marketing, social media, and traditional advertising to reach potential
patients.

3. Patient Retention and Engagement:

- Develops programs to enhance patient loyalty and satisfaction.
- Communicates with existing patients through newsletters, follow-up calls, and
personalized outreach.

4. Community Outreach and Education:

- Organizes community events, health fairs, and educational seminars to promote health
awareness.
- Builds relationships with community organizations and local businesses.

5. Market Research and Analysis:

- Conducts market research to understand patient needs, preferences, and trends.
- Analyzes competitor activities and market conditions to inform marketing strategies.

6. Content Marketing:
- Creates and distributes valuable content such as blog posts, articles, videos, and
infographics to educate and inform patients.
- Manages the organization’s website and ensures it is a resource for patients. 1
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7. Digital Marketing:
- Utilizes online platforms, including search engine optimization (SEO), search engine
marketing (SEM), social media marketing, and email marketing.
- Develops and manages online advertising campaigns to increase visibility and drive traffic
to the organization’s website.

8. Public Relations:
- Manages the organization's public image and handles media relations.
- Prepares press releases, handles media inquiries, and organizes press conferences.

9. Service Line Marketing:

- Promotes specific services or specialties within the healthcare organization, such as
cardiology, orthopaedics, or maternity services.
- Develops targeted campaigns to highlight the expertise and benefits of these services.

10. Patient Communication:

- Manages communication channels to provide patients with timely and relevant
information.
- Uses email, SMS, and direct mail to keep patients informed about appointments, new
services, and health tips.

11. Referral Marketing:

- Develops and maintains relationships with referring physicians and other healthcare
providers.
- Creates programs and materials to encourage referrals and collaboration.

12. Reputation Management:

- Monitors online reviews and ratings on platforms such as Google, Yelp, and health-
specific review sites.
- Responds to feedback and works to resolve issues to maintain a positive online reputation.

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 13. Advertising and Promotion:
- Plans and executes advertising campaigns across various media, including print, radio,
television, and online.
- Creates promotional materials such as brochures, flyers, and banners.

14. Patient Experience Enhancement:

- Gathers patient feedback and works with other departments to improve the patient
experience.
- Implements strategies to enhance patient satisfaction and loyalty.

15. Crisis Communication:

- Develops communication plans for handling crises or emergencies.
- Ensures clear and effective communication with patients, staff, and the public during
crises.

2.3 LEGAL DEPARTMENT:

The legal department in the healthcare sector plays a crucial role in ensuring that the
organization operates within the boundaries of the law while protecting its interests and those of
its patients. Here are the key roles and responsibilities of the legal department in healthcare:

1. Regulatory Compliance:
- Ensures the organization complies with all relevant healthcare laws, regulations, and
standards at local, state, and federal levels.
- Monitors changes in healthcare regulations and advises the organization on necessary
adjustments.

2. Risk Management:
- Identifies, assesses, and mitigates legal risks associated with the organization’s operations.
- Develops and implements risk management policies and procedures to minimize liability.

3. Contract Management:
- Drafts, reviews, and negotiates contracts with vendors, suppliers, insurance companies, and
other third parties. 1
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 - Ensures that contracts are legally sound and, in the organization’s, best interests.

4. Patient Privacy and Confidentiality:

- Ensures compliance with patient privacy laws, such as the Health Insurance Portability and
Accountability Act (HIPAA) in the U.S.
- Develops policies and procedures to protect patient information and handle breaches of
confidentiality.

5. Employment Law:
- Advises on employment-related legal matters, including hiring, termination, workplace
safety, and employee rights.
- Handles disputes related to employment and ensures compliance with labor laws.

6. Litigation Management:
- Manages and oversees litigation involving the organization, including malpractice claims,
contract disputes, and employment issues.
- Coordinates with external legal counsel and represents the organization in legal proceedings.

7. Policy Development and Implementation:

- Assists in the development and implementation of organizational policies and procedures to
ensure legal compliance and best practices.
- Provides training to staff on legal and regulatory requirements.

8. Medical Ethics and Patient Rights:

- Advises on ethical issues related to patient care, informed consent, and end-of-life decisions.
- Ensures that patient rights are protected and that the organization adheres to ethical standards
in healthcare.

9. Intellectual Property:
- Manages the organization’s intellectual property, including patents, trademarks, and
copyrights.
- Protects the organization’s proprietary information and innovations.
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10. Corporate Governance:
- Advises the board of directors and executive management on legal matters related to
corporate governance.
- Ensures that the organization adheres to governance best practices and legal requirements.

11. Insurance and Liability:

- Manages insurance coverage and claims, including professional liability, general liability,
and property insurance.
- Advises on issues related to indemnity and insurance policies.

12. Patient Care and Safety:

- Provides legal support for initiatives aimed at improving patient care and safety.
- Ensures that the organization’s practices align with legal standards for patient care.

13. Licensing and Accreditation:

- Assists with obtaining and maintaining necessary licenses and accreditations for the
organization and its staff.
- Ensures compliance with accrediting bodies’ standards and requirements.

14. Healthcare Transactions:

- Advises on mergers, acquisitions, joint ventures, and other business transactions.
- Conducts due diligence and ensures legal compliance in all transactions.

15. Public Health and Regulatory Affairs:

- Advises on legal issues related to public health initiatives and regulatory affairs.
- Ensures compliance with public health regulations and participation in public health
programs

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2.4 HUMAN RESOURCE DEPARTMENT:

The Human Resources (HR) department in the healthcare sector plays a vital role in managing and
supporting the workforce, ensuring that the organization operates efficiently and effectively. Here
are the key roles and responsibilities of the HR department in healthcare:

1. Recruitment and Staffing:

- Manages the recruitment process, including job postings, interviews, and selection of qualified
candidates.
- Ensures that the organization is staffed with skilled professionals to meet patient care needs.

2. Employee Onboarding and Orientation:

- Conducts orientation programs for new hires to familiarize them with the organization’s
policies, procedures, and culture.
- Ensures new employees understand their roles and responsibilities.

3. Training and Development:

- Provides ongoing training and professional development opportunities for staff to enhance their
skills and knowledge.
- Ensures compliance with mandatory training requirements, such as clinical skills and patient
safety.

4. Performance Management:
- Implements performance appraisal systems to evaluate employee performance.
- Provides feedback and support to help employees achieve their career goals and improve
performance.

5. Employee Relations: 2
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 - Addresses employee grievances and resolves conflicts in a fair and timely manner.
- Promotes a positive work environment and fosters good relationships between staff and
management.

6. Compensation and Benefits:

- Manages payroll and ensures employees are compensated accurately and timely.
- Administers employee benefits programs, including health insurance, retirement plans, and
leave policies.

7. Compliance with Labor Laws:

- Ensures the organization complies with labour laws and regulations, including those related to
wages, working hours, and workplace safety.
- Stays updated on changes in labour laws and advises management accordingly.

8. Health and Safety:

- Develops and implements workplace health and safety programs to ensure a safe working
environment.
- Conducts regular safety training and drills to prepare staff for emergencies.

9. Workforce Planning:
- Analyzes workforce data to forecast staffing needs and plan for future workforce requirements.
- Develops strategies to address staffing shortages and improve workforce efficiency.

10. Employee Retention:

- Implements programs and initiatives to retain top talent and reduce employee turnover.
- Conducts exit interviews to understand reasons for employee departures and identify areas for
improvement.

11. Diversity and Inclusion:

- Promotes diversity and inclusion within the organization.
- Develops policies and programs to ensure a diverse and inclusive workplace.

12. Employee Wellness Programs:

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 - Develops and manages wellness programs to support the physical and mental health of
employees.
- Encourages healthy lifestyles and work-life balance

13. Policy Development and Implementation:

- Develops and updates HR policies and procedures to ensure they align with organizational
goals and legal requirements.
- Communicates policies to employees and ensures adherence.

14. HR Information Systems (HRIS):

- Manages HRIS to streamline HR processes and maintain accurate employee records.
- Utilizes HR data to generate reports and support decision-making.

15. Talent Management:

- Identifies and develops high-potential employees for leadership and critical roles.
- Implements succession planning to ensure continuity in key positions.

16. Employee Engagement:

- Conducts employee engagement surveys and implements initiatives to improve engagement
and job satisfaction.
- Fosters a culture of collaboration and teamwork.

3.5 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY DEPARTMENT:

The Information Technology (IT) department in the healthcare sector plays a crucial role in
managing and supporting technology infrastructure, ensuring data security, and enhancing the
efficiency and quality of patient care. Here are the key roles and responsibilities of the IT
department in healthcare:

1. Electronic Health Records (EHR) Management:

- Implements and maintains EHR systems to store, manage, and retrieve patient records.
- Ensures EHR systems are accessible, secure, and compliant with regulations such as HIPAA.

2. Data Security and Privacy: 2

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 - Protects patient data and organizational information from cyber threats and unauthorized access.
- Implements security measures, such as encryption, firewalls, and access controls, to safeguard
data.

3. Network and Infrastructure Management:

- Manages the healthcare organization's IT infrastructure, including servers, networks, and data
centres.
- Ensures reliable and secure connectivity across all departments and locations.

4. Technical Support and Troubleshooting:

- Provides technical support to staff, resolving IT-related issues and ensuring minimal disruption
to operations.
- Maintains helpdesk services to assist with hardware, software, and network problems.

5. Telemedicine and Remote Care:

- Supports telemedicine platforms to enable remote consultations and care delivery.
- Ensures telehealth systems are reliable, secure, and user-friendly for both patients and providers.

6. Software and Application Management:

- Develops, implements, and maintains software applications to support clinical and
administrative functions.
- Customizes and integrates software solutions to meet the specific needs of the organization.

7. Data Analytics and Business Intelligence:

- Utilizes data analytics tools to analyse healthcare data and generate insights for decision-
making.
- Supports population health management, quality improvement, and operational efficiency
through data-driven initiatives.

8. Regulatory Compliance:
- Ensures IT systems comply with healthcare regulations and standards, such as HIPAA,
HITECH, and GDPR.
- Conducts regular audits and assessments to ensure ongoing compliance. 2
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9. Health Information Exchange (HIE):
- Facilitates the secure exchange of health information between different healthcare providers and
systems.
- Ensures interoperability and seamless data sharing to improve care coordination.

10. Disaster Recovery and Business Continuity:

- Develops and implements disaster recovery plans to ensure data and system availability in the
event of an emergency.
- Ensures business continuity by maintaining backup systems and contingency plans.

11. Medical Device Integration:

- Integrates medical devices with IT systems to enable real-time data capture and monitoring.
- Ensures medical devices are interoperable and compliant with IT standards.

12. Training and Education:

- Provides training to staff on the use of IT systems, applications, and security protocols.
- Ensures staff are knowledgeable about the latest technology and best practices.

13. Project Management:

- Manages IT projects, including system upgrades, new technology implementations, and
infrastructure improvements.
- Ensures projects are completed on time, within budget, and meet organizational goals.

14. Innovation and Technology Advancement:

- Stays updated on emerging technologies and evaluates their potential benefits for the
organization.
- Implements innovative solutions to improve patient care, operational efficiency, and cost-
effectiveness.

15. Vendor Management:

- Manages relationships with IT vendors, ensuring the procurement of quality products and
services.
- Oversees contracts, negotiations, and service level agreements with technology providers. 2
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 CHAPTER 4

JOB RESPONSIBILITY

Guided under Mr. GOSAKAN GOPALAN, Finance Team, Dr. Agarawals Eye Hospital as
given works like,

Invoice Maintenance

Asset Bill Classifications

Lease Liability Maintenance

Data Entry Works

LeaseON , Netsuite Entry Works

He gave me information about the company as well as some financial terms also.
I completed all the work he has given in the right time without errors.

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 CHAPTER 5
LEARINGS FROM THE COMPANY

The Two months internship is fruitful and have helped me in fetching practical
knowledge about overall functioning of the organisation. And also made me understand
about some key terms used in the company.

1. Lease Accounting:
Learned about the accounting treatment of leases, including how to recognize and
record lease expenses, assets, and liabilities.

2. Lease Classification:
Understood how to classify leases as operating leases or finance leases, and the
implications of each classification on financial statements.

3. Lease Term and Lease Payments:

Learned about the importance of lease term and lease payments, including how to
calculate lease payments, and how to negotiate lease terms with lessors.

4. Lease vs. Buy Analysis:

Gained insight into the lease vs. buy analysis, including how to evaluate the pros and
cons of leasing vs. buying equipment, and how to make informed decisions.

5. Lease Agreement Review:

Learned how to review lease agreements, including how to identify key terms and
conditions, and how to ensure compliance with lease agreements.

6. Lease Asset Management: 2

6
 Understood how to manage lease assets, including how to track and record lease
assets, and how to ensure that lease assets are properly maintained and insured.

7. Lease Liability Management:

Learned about the importance of lease liability management, including how to
manage lease liabilities, and how to ensure that lease liabilities are properly recorded
and reported.

8. Lease Accounting Standards:

Gained knowledge about lease accounting standards, including IFRS 16 and ASC
842, and how to apply these standards in practice.

9. Lease Disclosures:
Learned about the importance of lease disclosures, including how to prepare lease
disclosures, and how to ensure that lease disclosures are accurate and complete.

10. Lease Negotiation:

Gained insight into lease negotiation, including how to negotiate lease terms, and
how to ensure that lease agreements are favorable to the hospital.

11. Lease Renewal and Termination:

Learned about the importance of lease renewal and termination, including how to
manage lease renewals, and how to terminate leases when necessary.

2
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4.2 SWOT ANALYSIS

STRENGTH:

1. Innovative Leadership:
Led by pioneers in ophthalmology, fostering continuous innovation in eye care treatments and
surgeries.

2. Advanced Technology:
Utilizes cutting-edge technologies like FEMTO LASIK and SMILE, ensuring high precision
and effective treatments.

3. Comprehensive Services:
Offers a wide range of specialized eye care services, making it a one-stop destination for all
eye care needs.

4. Expertise and Experience:

Boasts a team of highly skilled and experienced ophthalmologists and support staff.

5. Patient-Centric Approach:
Focuses on personalized care and detailed treatment plans tailored to individual patient needs.

6. Research and Development:

Strong commitment to R&D, leading to innovative surgical techniques and significant
contributions to ophthalmic research.

7. Global Presence and Reputation: 2

8
 Expanding its footprint internationally, recognized globally for excellence in eye care and
holding several national and international accreditations.

WEAKNESS:

1. High Costs:
Advanced technologies and treatments can be expensive, potentially limiting access for lower-
income patients.

2. Limited Accessibility in Rural Areas:

Despite its extensive network, the hospital may have limited presence in rural and remote
areas, affecting accessibility for these populations.

3. Dependency on Technology:
High reliance on advanced technologies might pose challenges if there are technical failures
or malfunctions.

4. Scalability Challenges:
Rapid expansion, both domestically and internationally, might lead to challenges in
maintaining consistent quality and standards across all branches.

5. Staff Turnover:
Retaining highly skilled and experienced ophthalmologists and staff in a competitive
healthcare market could be challenging.

6. Patient Volume Management:

High patient volumes could strain resources, leading to longer waiting times and potentially
impacting patient satisfaction.

7. Regulatory Compliance:
2
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 Navigating diverse regulatory environments across different countries can be complex and
resource-intensive, potentially affecting operations and expansion plans.

OPPORTUNITIES:

1. Telemedicine Services:
Expanding telemedicine offerings to provide remote consultations and follow-ups, improving
accessibility for patients in rural and remote areas.

2. International Expansion:
Further expanding into international markets, enhancing global presence and reaching new
patient populations.

3. Strategic Partnerships:
Forming collaborations with other healthcare providers, technology firms, and research
institutions to enhance service offerings and drive innovation.

4. Clinical Research:
Increasing involvement in clinical trials and research projects to stay at the forefront of
ophthalmic advancements and contribute to medical science.

5. Government Collaborations:
Engaging in public-private partnerships to participate in government healthcare initiatives and
expand reach to underserved populations.

6. Patient Education:
Developing comprehensive patient education programs to raise awareness about eye health
and preventive care, potentially reducing the incidence of preventable eye conditions.

7. Adoption of New Technologies: 3

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 Continuously adopting and integrating the latest technological advancements in diagnostics
and treatments to improve patient outcomes and maintain a competitive edge.

THREATS:

1. Intense Competition:
Increasing competition from other eye care providers and hospitals could impact market share
and patient volumes.

2. Technological Obsolescence:
Rapid advancements in medical technology require continuous investment; failing to keep up
could lead to outdated practices and loss of competitive edge.

3. Regulatory Changes:
Changes in healthcare regulations and policies, both domestically and internationally, could
pose compliance challenges and affect operations.

4. Economic Downturns:
Economic instability or downturns could reduce patients' ability to afford elective and
advanced eye care procedures, affecting revenue.

5. Pandemics and Health Crises:

Global health crises, like the COVID-19 pandemic, can disrupt operations, reduce patient
visits, and strain resources.

6. Data Security Threats:

Increasing cyber threats pose a risk to patient data security and privacy, potentially leading to
legal and reputational damage.

7. Healthcare Workforce Shortages: 3

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 A shortage of qualified ophthalmologists and support staff could impact the hospital's ability
to deliver high-quality care and expand services.

4.3 CONCLUSION:

Dr. Agarwal's Eye Hospital has established itself as a premier institution in the field of
ophthalmology, renowned for its comprehensive eye care services and cutting-edge medical
technology. The hospital's commitment to providing high-quality care is evident through its
extensive network of branches across India, making specialized eye care accessible to a broader
population. Their focus on patient-centric services, combined with continuous innovations in eye
treatments and surgeries, ensures that they remain at the forefront of the industry. Furthermore,
the hospital's emphasis on training and development of medical professionals underscores its
dedication to advancing the field of ophthalmology.

In addition to its clinical excellence, Dr. Agarwal's Eye Hospital places significant importance on
community outreach and preventive eye care initiatives. Through various awareness programs and
eye camps, the hospital actively contributes to the prevention and early detection of eye diseases
in underserved areas. This dual approach of providing top-notch medical services and engaging in
community health initiatives solidifies Dr. Agarwal's Eye Hospital's reputation as a leader in eye
care. The hospital’s strategic expansion and adoption of advanced technologies position it well for
continued growth and success in the healthcare sector.

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 ANNEXURE

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF DR. AGARWALS EYE HOSPITAL:

BALANCE SHEET OF DR. AGARWALS EYE HOSPITAL:

Particulars Note No. As at 31

As at 31
March
March 2020
2021
I. ASSETS
(1) Non-current assets
(a) Property, Plant and Equipment 5 5,703.24 5,534.31
(b) Right-of-use assets 6 3,807.03 3,674.27
(c) Capital work-in-progress - 2.14
(d) Intangible assets 7 61.40 149.78
(e) Financial assets
(i) Loans 8 518.23 460.23
(f) Non-current tax assets (net) 9.1 - 420.59
(g) Deferred tax assets (net) 10.1 954.14 848.72
(h) Other non-current assets 11 71.81 -
Total Non-current Assets 11,115.85 11,090.04

(2) Current assets

12
(a) Inventories 521.46 797.69
(b) Financial assets
(i) Trade receivables 13 877.84 676.96
(ii) Cash and cash equivalents 14(a) 2,152.42 621.88
(iii) Other Bank balances 14(b) 67.10 66.43
(iv) Loans 8 135.90 229.84
(v) Other Financial Assets 15 627.30 425.31
(c) Other current assets 11 25.34 147.50
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Total current assets 4,407.36 2,965.61

TOTAL ASSETS
15,523.21 14,055.65

II. EQUITY AND LIABILITIES

(1) Equity
16
(a) Equity Share capital 470.00 470.00
(b) Other equity 17 4,996.28 5,140.09
Total Equity 5,466.28 5,610.09

(2) Non-current liabilities

(a) Financial Liabilities
(i) Borrowings 18 996.27 849.27
(ii) Lease Liabilities 38 3,855.84 3,338.91
(b) Provisions 19 344.85 321.55
Total Non - Current Liabilities 5,196.96 4,509.73

Particulars Note No. As at 31

As at 31
March
March 2020
2021
(3) Current liabilities
(a) Financial Liabilities
(i) Borrowings 21 681.69 474.83
(ii) Trade payables
- Total outstanding dues of micro -
enterprises and small enterprises -
- Total outstanding dues of creditors other
than micro enterprises and small enterprises 22 1,782.52 1,350.41
(iii) Lease liabilities 38 735.99 900.75
(iv) Other financial liabilities 23 1,149.82 887.95
(b) Other current liabilities 20 341.48 219.55
(c) Provisions 19 99.00 102.34
(d) Current tax liabilities (Net) 69.47 -
Total Current Liabilities 4,859.97 3,935.83

Total Liabilities
10,056.93 8,445.56
TOTAL EQUITY AND LIABILITIES
15,523.21 14,055.65

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3.7 PROFIT AND LOSS STATEMENT OF DR. AGARWALS EYE HOSPITAL:

Particulars Note No. For the Year For the Year

Ended 31 Ended 31
March 2021 March 2020
I Revenue from Operations 24 13,980.90 17,595.40
II Other Income 25 80.63 264.81
III Total Income (I+II) 14,061.53 17,860.21

IV Expenses
Purchases of Stock-in-trade 26 1,508.33 2,258.71
Changes in inventory of stock-in-trade 27 116.33 (55.14)
Employee benefit expense 28 3,217.14 3,563.08
Finance costs 29 634.74 769.64
Depreciation and amortisation expense 30 1,909.95 2,123.52
Other expenses 31 6,101.76 7,206.34
Total expenses (IV) 13,488.25 15,866.15

V Profit before tax (III-IV) 573.28 1,994.06

VI Tax expense
(a) Current tax 9.2 258.80 619.50
(b) Prior Year Tax 9.2 563.78 -
(b) Deferred tax 10.2 (105.44) 6.22
717.14 625.72

VII (Loss) / Profit for the Year (V-VI) (143.86) 1,368.34

VIIIOther Comprehensive Income

Items that will not be reclassified to profit or loss
(a) Remeasurements of the defined benefit plans 35.3 0.07 (29.40)
(b) Income tax relating to items
that will not be reclassified to profit (0.02) 7.40
or loss
0.05 (22.00)
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 Total other comprehensive income / (loss) for the
(143.81) 1,346.34
year

IX Total comprehensive (loss) / income for the year

(VII+VIII)

Earnings per equity share (for continuing operation):

Basic (in Rs.) - -
Diluted (in Rs.) - -

Earnings per equity share (for discontinued - -

operation):
Basic (in Rs.) - -
Diluted (in Rs.)

Earnings per equity share (Face value of Rs.10/- 39

each)
(a) Basic (in Rs.) (3.06) 29.11
(b) Diluted (in Rs.) (3.06) 29.11

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3.8 CASH FLOW STATEMENT OF DR. AGARWALS EYE HOSPITAL:

Particulars Note No. Year Year

Ended 31 Ended 31
March 2021 March 2020
A. Cash flows from operating activities
(Loss) / Profit for the year (143.86)
1,368.34

Adjustments for:
Income taxes (current and deferred taxes) 9, 10 717.14 625.72
Depreciation and Amortisation Expenses 30 1,909.95 2,123.52
Finance Costs / Interest Expense on financial
liabilities at amortised cost 29 634.74 769.64
Interest Income on Deposits with Banks 25 (7.35) (6.55)
Loss from Sale of Property, Plant and
Equipments / Assets discarded (Net) 25, 31 2.04 11.95
Allowance for Expected Credit Losses
(including bad debts written off) 25, 31 195.86 (42.70)
Interest on Rental Deposit- Ind AS 25 (5.89) -
Net gain on termination of right-of-use assets 25 - (41.90)

Operating Profit before Working Capital and 3,302.63 4,808.02

Other changes

Movements in working capital:

Decrease / (Increase) in inventories 276.23 (148.68)
(Increase) / Decrease in trade receivables (396.74) 229.53
(Increase) / Decrease in Other Non-current and
Current Financial assets and Non-current and Current assets (36.33) 94.01
Increase / (Decrease) in Trade Payables, Other
Current and Non-current liabilities and Provisions 574.07 (446.86)

Changes in Working Capital and Other changes 417.23 (272.00)

3,719.86 4,536.02
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 (332.52) (674.10)
Income taxes (paid) - net of refunds
3,387.34 3,861.92
Net cash generated by operating activities

B. Cash flows from investing activities

Payment towards acquisition of Property, 5, 7
Plant and Equipment (1,118.24) (1,713.91)
Proceeds from Sale of Property, Plant and Equipment 5, 7 16.42 42.59
Increase in Bank balances not
considered as Cash and cash equivalents 14 (b) (0.67) -
Interest Received on Fixed Deposit 15, 25 5.68 4.17

Net cash (used in) investing activities (1,096.81) (1,667.15)

(Amount Rs. in Lakhs)

Particulars Note No. Year Year
Ended 31 Ended 31
March 2021 March 2020
C. Cash flows from financing activities
Long-term borrowing taken 18, 23 432.22 49.00
Long-term borrowing (repaid) 18, 23 (241.84) (631.69)
Short-term borrowings taken 21 751.30 -
Short-term borrowings taken (repaid) 21 (544.44) (27.70)
Dividend paid (including tax thereon) 17.3 (3.58) (84.85)
Finance costs paid on borrowings 29, 23 (234.98) (307.20)
Payment of lease liabilities 38 (918.67) (991.48)

Net cash (used in) financing activities (759.99) (1,993.92)

Net (decrease) / increase in cash and cash equivalents

[A+B+C] 1,530.54 200.85
621.88 421.03
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year 14(a)
2,152.42 621.88
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year 14(a)

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