DATA ANALYSIS ROADMAP 2025

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In today's data-driven world, mastering data analysis is crucial for making informed
decisions. Whether you're a beginner or looking to enhance your skills, following a
structured roadmap can help you navigate through the essential tools and
techniques.

Here's a comprehensive guide to each step on your data analysis journey:

1. SQL (Structured Query Language)

SQL is the foundation of data analysis, essential for managing and querying
relational databases.
As a data analyst, you'll often need to extract and manipulate data stored in
databases. SQL enables you to retrieve specific data efficiently, join tables, and
perform aggregations, making it indispensable for handling large datasets.
• What is Database?
• Difference between Transactional Databases and NoSQL databases
• What is DBMS & RDBMS?
• Transactions & ACID Properties
• Setup MySQL Workbench
• Data Types in SQL
• DDL, DML, DQL, DCL
• Create, Insert, Alter, Delete, Drop, Truncate Operations
• Integrity Constraints
• Primary Key vs Foreign Key
• Referential Integrity
• Select Query, Aliases
• UPDATE Command
• Auto Increment in create table
• Limit & Offset
• WHERE Clause
• Operators in SQL
• Pattern Matching using LIKE and REGEXP
• Order By Clause
• NULL, IS NOT NULL
• Group By, Having Clause
• Group Concat, Group RollUP
• Sub Queries, IN and NOT IN
• CASE-When Statements
• SQL Joins
• Exists and Not Exists
 • Window Functions
• Frame Clause
• Coalesce Function
• Common Table Expressions - Iterative and Recursive
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2. Excel
Excel is a versatile tool for data organization, analysis, and visualization.
Despite the availability of advanced tools, Excel remains a staple in data analysis
due to its user-friendly interface and powerful functions. It allows you to perform
quick calculations, create pivot tables, and visualize data through charts and
graphs, making it ideal for initial data exploration and reporting.
• Introduction to Excel
• Data Cleaning Techniques: Using text-to-columns, Flash Fill, and
Find/Replace
• Sorting and Filtering: Custom sorting and advanced filtering
• Conditional Formatting: Dynamic rules for highlighting data trends
• Named Ranges: Simplifying formulas and navigation
• Cell References: Relative, absolute, and mixed cell references
• Logical functions: IF, AND, OR, IFERROR
• Lookup functions: VLOOKUP, HLOOKUP, INDEX, MATCH
• Pivot Tables
• Grouping data and adding calculated fields
• Data Visualization in Excel
• What-If Analysis Tools: Data Tables, Goal Seek and Scenario Manager
• Data Validation: Creating drop-down lists, input restrictions, and error
messages
 • Excel’s Integration with Power Query
• Recording and editing MACROS
• VBA for automation
• Python in Excel
• AI-Powered Features in Excel
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3. Statistics
Statistics provides the mathematical foundation for analyzing and interpreting data.
Understanding statistical concepts is crucial for making sense of data and drawing
accurate conclusions. It helps you perform hypothesis testing, identify correlations,
and understand distributions, which are vital for making data-driven decisions and
predictions.
• Introduction to Descriptive Statistics
• Differentiating descriptive and inferential statistics
• Measures of Central Tendency: Mean, median, mode: When to use
each and their implications
• Measure of Dispersion - Range, Variance, Standard Deviation,
Interquartile Range
• Measure of Relationship - Correlation and Covariation
• Skewness and kurtosis
• Analyzing a real-world Case study for central tendency and dispersion
• What is A/B testing?
• Hypothesis testing
• Defining goal and KPIs
• Sample size determination
• Randomization and ensuring unbiased groups
 • Hypothesis formulation (null vs alternative hypothesis)
• P-value, confidence intervals
• T-tests for comparing means
• Chi-square test for categorical data
• Interpreting Results
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4. Python
Python is a versatile programming language widely used for data analysis,
automation, and machine learning.
Python’s rich ecosystem of libraries like Pandas and NumPy enables you to handle,
analyze, and model data efficiently. Its ability to automate repetitive tasks and
perform complex analyses makes it a powerful tool for any data analyst, enhancing
productivity and analytical capabilities.
• Python Introduction
• Intro to Jupyter Notebook and installation
• Variables, Data Types and Operators in Python
• Data Structures in Python: Tuple, List, Dictionary & Set
• If -else in Python
• Looping: While and For Loop
• Break and Continue Statements
• Functions in Python
• Lambda Functions
• Python Object oriented programming- Classes and Object
• Introduction to Pandas and its role in data analysis
• Series and Dataframe
• Loading and saving data: Reading from CSV, Excel, and JSON files
 • Saving DataFrames to files
• Pandas In Built functions:
• .head(), .tail(), .info(), .shape(), .columns
• Summary statistics with .describe()
• Handling missing data (fillna(), dropna()).
• Filtering and selecting data
• Creating and modifying columns
• Sorting and grouping data
• Introduction to NumPy
• Creating NumPy arrays
• Indexing, slicing and reshaping arrays
• Mathematical operations on arrays
• Data Visualization with Matplotlib and Seaborn
• Advantages of Seaborn over Matplotlib
• Combining Pandas with Visualization Libraries
• End-to-end EDA using Pandas, NumPy, Matplotlib and Seaborn
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5. Data Visualization
Data visualization involves representing data through graphical formats like charts,
graphs, and dashboards.
Visualizing data helps in understanding complex datasets and communicating
insights effectively. Tools like Power BI, Tableau, Python libraries like Matplotlib,
Seaborn and Excel charts allow you to create compelling visualizations that can
reveal patterns, trends, and outliers, making it easier to share findings with
stakeholders.
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6. BI Tools- Power BI/Tableau
Business Intelligence (BI) tools are software applications that analyze and visualize
data to support decision-making.
Power BI enables you to create detailed reports and interactive dashboards,
facilitating better data-driven decision-making. Its ability to integrate with various
data sources and its user-friendly interface make it a valuable tool for creating
comprehensive and accessible data presentations.
Tableau is renowned for its powerful visualization capabilities, intuitive interface,
and flexibility in handling different data sources.

• Power BI Topics:
• Power BI: Introduction and Setup
• Power BI ecosystem: Power BI Desktop, Service, and Mobile
• Load and connect Data from different sources
• Data Warehouse Vs Database
• OLTP vs OLAP
• Star Schema Vs Snowflake Schema
• Fact Vs Dimension Table
• Build data models in Power BI
• Defining and managing relationships between tables
• Cardinality and cross-filtering
• Transform data in Power Query Editor -
• Data Cleaning and Filtering
• Dealing with duplicates
• Splitting columns
• Merging and appending datasets
• Power query best practices
 • Hands-on Real-life Case Studies on Power Query
• Measures Vs Columns
• Row context vs Filter context
• Overview of DAX (Data Analysis Expression)
• Use DAX to create calculated columns and measures
• Basic visualization: bar charts, column charts, line charts, pie charts,
and scatter plots
• Interactive Visualizations: Slicers, filters, buttons and bookmarks
• Custom Visualizations
• Conditional Formatting to visuals
• Design Rules for an effective dashboard
• Row-Level Security (RLS)
• Deploying the Solution in Power BI Service -
• Power BI service Overview, Report sharing and Apps
• How to set up Automatic Data Refresh
• Hands-On Real-Life Case Study on DAX
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7. Cloud Platforms
Cloud platforms like Azure, Google Cloud, and AWS offer scalable computing
resources and services for data storage and analysis.
As data volumes grow, cloud platforms provide the infrastructure needed to store,
process, and analyze large datasets efficiently. They offer scalability, flexibility, and
cost-efficiency, allowing you to leverage powerful tools and services for advanced
data analysis without the need for significant on-premises resources.
• Introduction to cloud computing
• Why we need cloud computing
 • Cloud services
• Types of cloud providers
• Cloud Computing Service Models: IaaS, PaaS, SaaS
• Introduction to Microsoft Azure Cloud
• Data Ingestion
• Data Modeling and Storage
• Data Transformations
• Data Analysis using Azure Synapse Analytics
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8. AI & Copilot
AI involves using algorithms and models to perform tasks that typically require
human intelligence. Copilot refers to AI-powered tools that assist in coding and
data tasks.
AI and Copilot tools in data analysis, such as Excel and Power BI Copilot, automate
complex tasks, offer data-driven insights, and enhance productivity by providing
intelligent recommendations and visualizations. Understanding these tools is
crucial for data analysts to efficiently handle large datasets, derive actionable
insights, and stay competitive in the evolving data landscape.
• What is Generative AI (or Gen AI)?
• What is LLM?
• AI Career Roles
• Prompt engineering in generative AI models
• Use Generative AI tools and techniques in data analytics
• Use of AI in data analysis tools
• Excel Copilot
• Power BI Copilot
 • Natural Language Queries: Asking questions in plain English to get
data insights
• Automated Data Analysis: Using Copilot for trend analysis, pattern
recognition, and anomaly detections
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9. Portfolio Building
A portfolio showcases your data analysis projects, skills, and achievements.
Building a strong portfolio is crucial for demonstrating your expertise and practical
experience to potential employers or clients. It provides tangible evidence of your
abilities, highlighting your proficiency with various tools and techniques, and
helping you stand out in a competitive job market.

All these skills would be incomplete without hands-on real life data analysis
projects and portfolio

If you want to learn all these skills with latest curriculum and hands on industry
level projects in just 3 Months, here is a recommendation-Data Analysis Course
2025

Conclusion
Embarking on the journey to become a data analyst involves mastering a range of
tools and techniques. By following this roadmap, you will develop a comprehensive
skill set that empowers you to analyze data effectively and derive valuable insights.
Start with SQL, build your knowledge step-by-step, and culminate with a strong
portfolio to showcase your analytical prowess.

Happy analyzing!