Direct Questions:

1. What is adatabase?
a. Serves many applications by centralizing data and controlling
redundant data
2. Define a file in the context of databases.?
b.
3. What is arecord in a database?
c. Group of related fields
4. Explain the concept of a field in a database.?
d. Group of characters as word(s) or number
5. What doesakeyfield in a relational database do?
e. key field uniquely identifies each record in a table.
6. Define primary key.
f. The primary key is the specific key field chosen to ensure each
record is unique.
7. What is aforeign key?
g. foreign key is a primary key from one table used in another table to
establish a link between the two.
8. Namethethree basic operations of a Relational DBMS. ?
h. SELECT:
i. JOIN:
j. PROJECT

9. Define a computer network and explain its basic components.?

K: A network consists of two or more connected computers.
- Basic component :
- Client Computer
- Server Computer
- Network Interfaces
10.Define a database and explain its key components.?

 A database: is a structured collection of data that is stored and accessed

electronically.
  Key Components of a Database
 Data:
 Database Management System (DBMS):
 Tables
 Fields/Columns:
 Records/Rows:
 Indexes
 : Queries:
 Relationships
 Primary Key:
 Foreign Key:
11.Describe the benefits of using wireless transmission media like 4G or 5G. ?

 4G networks,
 Also called Long Term Evolution (LTE) networks, have much higher
speeds: 100 megabits/second download, and 50 megabits upload speed
12.Discuss the advantages of packet-switched networks.?

 Switch: It knows which device needs the data and sends it only to the right
one,
 Packet: These packets travel through different routes in the network and
are put back together at the destination.
13.Discuss the importance of packet switching in modern networks.?

 This method makes networks faster and more efficient.

14.Explain the four layers of the TCP/IP reference model.?
1. Application layer.
 This is the top layer that helps apps (like email, web browsers) connect
to the network.
2.Transport layer.
 Handles communication between devices.
 3.Internet layer.
 Handles addressing and routing of data packets (called IP datagrams).
 4.Network Interface layer.
 Manages sending and receiving data over the physical network.
15.Explain the role of the Domain Name System (DNS) in internet
communication. ?

 The DNS makes it easier for users to access websites by allowing

them to use domain names
16.List the different types of networks ?

• Local Area Networks (LAN)

• Campus area network (CAN)

• Metropolitan area network (MAN)

• Wide area networks (WANs)

17.What are the advantages of e-commerce over traditional commerce?

 E-commerce offers several benefits over traditional commerce,

including convenience, cost-effectiveness, and global reach. Here are
the key advantages:
18.What is a relational database, and how does it organize data?

 A relational database is a type of database that stores and organizes

data in a structured format using tables. Each table consists of rows
and columns,
19.What is Network Bandwidth?

 Bandwidth: is the range of frequencies that can be accommodated

on a particular telecommunications channel is called its bandwidth.
20.What is the difference between a hub and a switch in a network?

 HUB: A basic device that connects multiple computers

 Switch: A smarter device than a hub.
21.What is the purpose of a Network Operating System (NOS)?
  The software that controls the network.
 ITS Purpose:It helps manage communication between devices and makes
sure network resources,
22.What is the purpose of a data dictionary in a DBMS?

 Data Dictionary: Stores definitions and details about data elements, such
as field names, types, and constraints.
23.What is normalization in database design?

 Normalization: Simplifies and organizes data to reduce redundancy and

avoid complex many-to-many relationships.
24.What is referential integrity in a relational database?

 Referential Integrity Rules: Ensures consistency between related tables

in a Relational DBMS, maintaining valid relationships
25.What does OLAP stand for?

 Online Analytical Processing

26.What is the function of a router?
 A communications processor used to route packets of data through
different networks, ensuring that the data sent gets to the correct address.
27.Explain the term "packet switching."?

 Packet switching is a technique used in computer networks to transmit

data as packets.

28.What is TCP/IP?

 Connectivity refers to the ability of computers to communicate and share

data.
29.Define a Local Area Network (LAN).?

 Local Area Network (LAN) is a group of devices that are connected in a

single physical location, such as a home, office,
Multiple Choice Questions
1. Which of the following describes data inconsistency?
a. Data stored in a single location
b. The same data having different values in different places
c. Amethod of organizing data
d. None of the above
2. What is the function of a DBMS?
a. Stores data only
b. Manages data and supports data manipulation
c. Deletes data permanently
d. None of the above
3. Which NO operation in a relational DBMS combines tables to provide
more information?
a. SELECT
b. JOIN
c. PROJECT
d. FILTER
4. What does a data warehouse store?
a. Temporary data
b. Current and historical data
c. Only user data
d. Only product data
5. Which of the following is a key benefit of normalization?
a. Increases data redundancy
b. Simplifies data models by eliminating redundancy
c. Decreases data security
d. Increases data redundancy
6. Which component connects computers in a simple network?
a. Broadcasts data to al devices
b. Routes data only to the intended recipient
c. Stores data temporarily
d. Controls internet access
7. What is the primary purpose of VoIP?
a. To transmit voice over the internet
b. To store web data
 c. To provide email services
d. To improve video quality
8. Which of the following media is used in a Local Area Network (LAN)?
a. Fiber optic cable
b. Satelite
c. WiMax
d. Celular network
9. Which layer of TCP/IP handles the physical connection between devices?
a. Application layer
b. Transport layer
c. Internet layer
d. Network Interface layer
10. Which of the following best describes a data mart?
a. Adatabase for storing large amounts of data
b. Afocused subset of a data warehouse
c. Atool for data mining
d. Atype of DBMS
11. Which technology allows small personal area networks?
a. Bluetooth
b. WiMax
c. Fiber optic
d. Ethernet
12. Which term refers to the speed of data transmission in
telecommunications?
a. Bandwidth
b. Frequency
c. Hertz
d. Throughpu
13. What does the Domain Name System (DNS) do?
a. Manages databases
b. Translates domain names into IP addresses
c. Sends emails
d. Routes network packets
14. What is the purpose of a web server?
a. Store and deliver web pages
b. Managenetwork connections
 c. Process email requests
d. Provide search engine services
15. Which of the following is an example of physical transmission media?
a. Wi-Fi
b. Coaxial cable.
c. Celular Network
d. Bluetooth
16. Which layer of TCP/IP is responsible for routing data?
a. Application layer
b. Transport layer
c. Internet layer
d. Network Interface layer
17. What type of analysis does OLAP support?
a. Linear data analysis
b. Multidimensional data analysis
c. Single-thread data analysis
d. Unidimensional data analysis
18. Which technology delivers voice communication over the internet?
a. VoIP
b. HTTP
c. FTP
d. DNS
19. HowdoesVoIPbenefit communication?
a. Uses packet switching for low-cost cals
b. Converts analog signals to digital
c. . Requires a physical connection only
d. Noneof the above
20. Which of the following is a function of a database management system
(DBMS)?
a. Eliminates redundancy
b. Enhances data inconsistency
c. Promotes program-data dependence
d. Reduces data sharing
21. HowdoesVoIPbenefit communication?
a. 1. Uses packet switching for low-cost cals
b. Converts analog signals to digital
 c. Requires a physical connection only
d. Noneof the above
22. Whatis packet switching?
a. Amethodof linking two devices directly
b. Breaking data into packets for transmission
c. Connecting devices via satelites
d. Transmitting data in real-time
23. Whatdoesaforeign key in a database do?
a. Identifies records uniquely in its own table
b. Links records between two tables
c. . Eliminates redundancy
d. Optimizes query performance
24. Which type of network is most suitable for a small office?
A. LAN
B. WAN
C. MAN
D. CAN