This document is the property of Al Nafi.
Any unauthorized redistribution or reproduction, including in printed form, is strictly
prohibited. This document can only be read electronically.
Lab 1: Introduction to OpenCV for Computer Vision
Objectives:
1. Install OpenCV: Set up the OpenCV library on your preferred operating system to start
working with computer vision tasks.
2. Load, Display, and Save Images: Learn how to load images from your filesystem,
display them in a window, and save them back to disk using OpenCV.
td
3. Convert Colour Spaces: Explore how to convert images between different color
spaces, such as BGR to grayscale or HSV.
tl
4. Perform Basic Image Transformations: Apply basic transformations to images,
including resizing, rotating, and flipping.
Pv
Prerequisites:
ng
● Basic Python Knowledge: Familiarity with Python programming.
● Environment Setup: A Python environment with the ability to install libraries.
Tasks :
ni
ar
Step-by-Step Lab Guide:
Le
Step 1: Install OpenCV
IE
1. Install OpenCV using pip:
○ OpenCV can be installed easily using pip.
AF
pip install opencv-python
N
2. Verify Installation:
○ You can verify that OpenCV is installed by importing it in a Python script or in an
AL
interactive session.
import cv2
print(cv2.__version__)
Step 2: Load, Display, and Save Images
1. Load an Image:
○ Use the cv2.imread() function to load an image from your filesystem.
import cv2
# Load an image from file
image = cv2.imread('path_to_image.jpg')
td
# Check if the image was loaded correctly
if image is None:
tl
print("Error loading image")
else:
Pv
print("Image loaded successfully")
2. Display the Image:
ng
○ Display the image in a window using cv2.imshow().
# Display the image
cv2.imshow('Loaded Image', image)
ni
ar
# Wait for a key press and close the window
Le
cv2.waitKey(0)
cv2.destroyAllWindows()
IE
3. Save the Image:
○ Save the image to a new file using cv2.imwrite().
AF
# Save the image to a new file
cv2.imwrite('saved_image.jpg', image)
N
AL
Step 3: Convert Colour Spaces
1. Convert BGR to Grayscale:
○ Convert the loaded image from BGR to Grayscale using cv2.cvtColor().
# Convert the image to grayscale
gray_image = cv2.cvtColor(image, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
# Display the grayscale image
cv2.imshow('Grayscale Image', gray_image)
cv2.waitKey(0)
cv2.destroyAllWindows()
2. Convert BGR to HSV:
○ Convert the image from BGR to HSV color space.
td
# Convert the image to HSV
tl
hsv_image = cv2.cvtColor(image, cv2.COLOR_BGR2HSV)
Pv
# Display the HSV image
cv2.imshow('HSV Image', hsv_image)
cv2.waitKey(0)
ng
cv2.destroyAllWindows()
ni
Step 4: Perform Basic Image Transformations
ar
1. Resize an Image:
○ Resize the image using cv2.resize().
Le
# Resize the image to 50% of its original size
resized_image = cv2.resize(image, (0, 0), fx=0.5, fy=0.5)
IE
# Display the resized image
cv2.imshow('Resized Image', resized_image)
AF
cv2.waitKey(0)
cv2.destroyAllWindows()
N
2. Rotate an Image:
AL
○ Rotate the image by a specified angle using cv2.getRotationMatrix2D()
and cv2.warpAffine().
# Rotate the image by 45 degrees
(h, w) = image.shape[:2]
center = (w // 2, h // 2)
# Define the rotation matrix
rotation_matrix = cv2.getRotationMatrix2D(center, 45, 1.0)
# Perform the rotation
rotated_image = cv2.warpAffine(image, rotation_matrix, (w, h))
# Display the rotated image
cv2.imshow('Rotated Image', rotated_image)
cv2.waitKey(0)
td
cv2.destroyAllWindows()
tl
3. Flip an Image:
Pv
○ Flip the image horizontally, vertically, or both using cv2.flip().
# Flip the image horizontally
ng
flipped_image = cv2.flip(image, 1)
# Display the flipped image
ni
cv2.imshow('Flipped Image', flipped_image)
cv2.waitKey(0)
ar
cv2.destroyAllWindows()
Le
Conclusion:
IE
By the end of this lab, you should be able to:
● Install and configure OpenCV in your Python environment.
AF
● Load, display, and save images using OpenCV functions.
● Convert images between different color spaces.
● Apply basic image transformations like resizing, rotating, and flipping.
N
This lab provides a foundational understanding of working with images using OpenCV, an
essential skill in computer vision tasks.
AL
